Impact of number of retrieved lymph nodes and lymph node ratio on the prognosis in patients with stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ colorectal cancer

Objective To discuss the impact of number of retrieved lymph nodes and lymph node ratio (LNR) on the prognosis in patients with stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ colorectal cancer.Methods Clinicopathological data of 507 patients with stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ colorectal cancer were analyzed retrospectively. Follow-up was available in all the patients. Results The total number of retrieved lymph nodes was 5801, of which 1122 had metastasis. There was a positive correlation between metastatic lymph nodes and retrieved lymph nodes (r=0. 171, P＜0.01). In stage Ⅱ colorectal cancer there was a significant difference in 5-year survival rate between patients with more than 12 lymph nodes retrieved and those with less than 12 lymph nodes retrieved (P＜0.01). LNR also affected the 5-year survival rate of patients with stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ colorectal cancer (P＜0.05). In patients with similar LNR, the 5-year survival rate differed significantly among different regions of lymph node metastasis(P＜0.05). LNR influenced the prognosis independent of the number of lymph nodes retrieved. Conclusions The number of retrieved lymph nodes is a prognostic factor for stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ colorectal cancer. More than 12 lymph nodes should be retrieved for better staging and prognosis. LNR is also a prognostic factor in stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ colorectal cancer. Regions of lymph nodes metastasis should be considered when evaluating the prognosis of patients using LNR.     

胃癌转移淋巴结被膜外扩散和患者预后的关系

目的 探讨胃癌转移淋巴结被膜外扩散的相关因素及其对患者预后的影响.方法 通过对131例行胃癌根治术患者的临床病理和随访资料进行分析,评价胃癌转移淋巴结被膜外扩散与患者预后的关系.结果 78例(59.5%)患者有胃周区域性淋巴结转移,其中有46例转移淋巴结出现被膜外扩散,其5年累计生存率为13.5%;而32例无被膜外扩散的患者5年生存率为39.3%,生存率随胃周转移淋巴结出现被膜外扩散而明显下降(P=0.001).胃周转移淋巴结被膜外扩散与淋巴结转移数目、淋巴结转移距离、肿瘤浸润深度以及远处转移具有显著的相关性,是胃癌患者预后的独立影响因素(P=0.003).结论 胃周转移淋巴结被膜外扩散是一个简单有效判断预后的指标,是影响预后的一个独立因素.进行胃癌病理分期应当检查转移淋巴结被膜外扩散状况,并予以报道.

Abstract：

Objective The aim of the current study was to investigate the prognostic value of extracapsular lymph node spread in gastric cancer patients and to find correlations with clinicopathological parameters.Methods Clinicopathological data of 131 gastric cancer patients who underwent gastrectomy with lymphadenectomy were analyzed retrospectively. The number of metastatic lymph nodes with extracapsular spread were determined. Multivariate analysis was performed to find the clinical prognosis affecting extracapsular lymph node involvement. Results Seventy-eight patients (59.5%)had perigastric lymph node metastasis. Fortysix cases were detected extracapsular lymph node involvement. The 5-year cumulative survival rate for patients with extracapsular lymph node spread was 13. 5% , while 32 patients with lymph node metastasis but without extracapsular involvement had a 5-year survival rate of 39.3%. The survival rate decreased significantly with the increase of extracapsular lymph node involvement(P =0.001). Extracapsular lymph node involvement was significantly associated with the higher number of metastatic lymph nodes, the location of lymph node metastasis, tumor invasion depth and distant lymph node metastasis. In the multivariate analysis, extracapsular lymph node spread also remained as an independent prognostic factor(P =0.003). Conclusions Extracapsular lymph node involvement is a convenient and reliable prognostic index, and is an independent prognostic factor in gastric cancer patients. In future staging systems for gastric cancer, extracapsular lymph node involvement should be considered, be pathologically checked and reported in order to determine extracapsular spread status.     

空洞型非小细胞肺癌的预后分析

Objective To explore the survival and prognostic status of the cavitating non-small cell lung cancer. Methods A total 42 surgically treated patients with cavitating non-small cell lung cancer were studied retrospectively. Kaplan-Meiei was used to analyze the relationship between the prognostic factors and survival time. The cavitaing non-small cell lung cancer were matched 1:2 to the patients with non-small cell lung cancer that there is no cavity in X-ray, for gender, age, histology, lymph nodes dissection, stage, and whether receiving chemotherapy. The two groups were compared using the Log-rank test. Results The overall 1, 3, 5- year- survival rates for cavitating non-small cell lung cancer were 76.2%, 28.6%, and 14.7%, respectively. The diameter of the cavity and lymph nodes status significantly influenced syrvivals. 1he overall syrvival between the two groups of patients showed no sig- nificant differences (P=0.075). But the factors of women(P=O.040), younger than 60 years(P =0.032), NO of the lymph nodes dissection group(P=0.046), and staging Ⅰ were significantly influenced 5-year survivals(P=0.048). Conclusion The diameter of the cavity and lymph nodes status were correlated with the survival. The carcinomatous cavity are important prognosis factors for the nan-retail cell lung cancer patients of younger than 60 years, negative of lymph nodes dissection and staging Ⅰ , but whether the carci- nomtous cavity are important prognosis factors for the non-small cell lung cancer patients of woman was not determined.     

空洞型非小细胞肺癌的预后分析

Objective To explore the survival and prognostic status of the cavitating non-small cell lung cancer. Methods A total 42 surgically treated patients with cavitating non-small cell lung cancer were studied retrospectively. Kaplan-Meiei was used to analyze the relationship between the prognostic factors and survival time. The cavitaing non-small cell lung cancer were matched 1:2 to the patients with non-small cell lung cancer that there is no cavity in X-ray, for gender, age, histology, lymph nodes dissection, stage, and whether receiving chemotherapy. The two groups were compared using the Log-rank test. Results The overall 1, 3, 5- year- survival rates for cavitating non-small cell lung cancer were 76.2%, 28.6%, and 14.7%, respectively. The diameter of the cavity and lymph nodes status significantly influenced syrvivals. 1he overall syrvival between the two groups of patients showed no sig- nificant differences (P=0.075). But the factors of women(P=O.040), younger than 60 years(P =0.032), NO of the lymph nodes dissection group(P=0.046), and staging Ⅰ were significantly influenced 5-year survivals(P=0.048). Conclusion The diameter of the cavity and lymph nodes status were correlated with the survival. The carcinomatous cavity are important prognosis factors for the nan-retail cell lung cancer patients of younger than 60 years, negative of lymph nodes dissection and staging Ⅰ , but whether the carci- nomtous cavity are important prognosis factors for the non-small cell lung cancer patients of woman was not determined.     

盆腔侧方淋巴结转移对低位直肠癌预后的影响

Objective To evaluate the prognostic value of lateral pelvic lymph node metastasis on low rectal cancer. Methods One hundred and seventy-six patients with low rectal cancer who underwent radical resection combined with lateral pelvic lymph node dissection between 1994 and 2005 were reviewed. The data of the cases was investigated to define the prognostic value of lateral pelvic lymph node metastasis on the patients. Results Lateral node metastasis occurred in 33 patients (18.8%), and 51.5% of the metastasis occurred in internal iliac nodes or nodes at middle rectal roots and 39.4% in obturator nodes. Age ≤40 years, infiltrative cancer, T3-4 tumor, upward lymph node metastasis were risk factors for lateral node metastasis in low rectal cancer (P ＜ 0.05). The overall 5-year survival rate was 64.1%, and it was 94.1%, 79.1%, 42.1% for patients with TNM stage Ⅰ , Ⅱ , Ⅲ cancer, respectively. Tumor size, depth of infiltration, upward lymph node metastasis, lateral node metastasis was correlated significantly with prognosis (P ＜ 0.05). The 5-year survival rate of the patients without lateral metastasis was 73.6%, which was significant higher than that of patients with lateral metastasis (21.4%, P ＜0.05). Conclusion Lateralpelvic lymph node metastasis is an important prognostic factor for low rectal cancer.     

胆囊癌不同手术方式的疗效分析

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of different surgical procedures for the treatment of gallbladder cancer. Methods The clinical data of 81 patients with gallbladder cancer who were admitted to the West China Hospital of Sichuan University from January 2000 to October 2009 were retrospectively analyzed.The efficacies of different surgical procedures for the treatment of gallbladder cancer, and the relationship between T stage and lymph node metastasis were investigated. The postoperative survival rates of patients in different TNM stages were analyzed and compared using the Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test, respectively. Results The median survival times of patients in stage Ⅰ , Ⅱ ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were 68, 18, 7 and 5 months, respectively. The 1-,3-, 5-year survival rates were 100%, 80% and 60% for patients in stage Ⅰ, 57%, 29% and 14% for patients in stage Ⅱ, 27%, 7% and 0 for patients in stage Ⅲ and 11%, 4% and 0 for patients in stage Ⅳ. There were significant differences in the survivals of patients in different TNM stages ( P ＜ 0.05 ). Of the 81 patients, 67 received surgical treatment. The 5-year survival rate was 100% for patients in stage T1b who received standard radical resection and 0 for patients who received simple cholecystectomy. The median survival time was 45 months for patients in stage Ⅱ who received standard radical resection and 12 months for patients in stage Ⅱ who received simple cholecystectomy, and their 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rates were 67%, 33%, 33% and 50%, 0, 0, respectively, with significant differences ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). The 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rates of patients in stage Ⅲ who received standard radical resection were 33%, 17% and 6%, respectively. The survival time of patients who received extended radical resection was longer than 12 months, while the survival time of patients who received standard radical resection or other palliative therapy was shorter than 12 months. The 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rates of patients in stage Ⅳ who received extended radical resection and standard radical resection were 38%, 12%, 0and 14%, 0, 0, respectively. The survival time of patients in stage Ⅳ who received other treatments was shorter than 12 months. Lymph node metastasis were identified in 7 patients in stage T2(n = 15), 7 patients in stage T3(n = 14), and 12 patients in stage T4(n = 13), no patient in stage T1 (n =2) was found with lymph node metastasis. Conclusions Lymph node metastasis is significantly influenced by the depth of invasion of the gallbladder cancer. For patients in stage T1b, Ⅱ and Ⅲ, radical resection of gallbladder cancer is necessary; for patients in stage Ⅳ, although the incidence of complication is higher, the survival time is much longer when compared with other treatments.     

空洞型非小细胞肺癌的预后分析

Objective To explore the survival and prognostic status of the cavitating non-small cell lung cancer. Methods A total 42 surgically treated patients with cavitating non-small cell lung cancer were studied retrospectively. Kaplan-Meiei was used to analyze the relationship between the prognostic factors and survival time. The cavitaing non-small cell lung cancer were matched 1:2 to the patients with non-small cell lung cancer that there is no cavity in X-ray, for gender, age, histology, lymph nodes dissection, stage, and whether receiving chemotherapy. The two groups were compared using the Log-rank test. Results The overall 1, 3, 5- year- survival rates for cavitating non-small cell lung cancer were 76.2%, 28.6%, and 14.7%, respectively. The diameter of the cavity and lymph nodes status significantly influenced syrvivals. 1he overall syrvival between the two groups of patients showed no sig- nificant differences (P=0.075). But the factors of women(P=O.040), younger than 60 years(P =0.032), NO of the lymph nodes dissection group(P=0.046), and staging Ⅰ were significantly influenced 5-year survivals(P=0.048). Conclusion The diameter of the cavity and lymph nodes status were correlated with the survival. The carcinomatous cavity are important prognosis factors for the nan-retail cell lung cancer patients of younger than 60 years, negative of lymph nodes dissection and staging Ⅰ , but whether the carci- nomtous cavity are important prognosis factors for the non-small cell lung cancer patients of woman was not determined.     

空洞型非小细胞肺癌的预后分析

Objective To explore the survival and prognostic status of the cavitating non-small cell lung cancer. Methods A total 42 surgically treated patients with cavitating non-small cell lung cancer were studied retrospectively. Kaplan-Meiei was used to analyze the relationship between the prognostic factors and survival time. The cavitaing non-small cell lung cancer were matched 1:2 to the patients with non-small cell lung cancer that there is no cavity in X-ray, for gender, age, histology, lymph nodes dissection, stage, and whether receiving chemotherapy. The two groups were compared using the Log-rank test. Results The overall 1, 3, 5- year- survival rates for cavitating non-small cell lung cancer were 76.2%, 28.6%, and 14.7%, respectively. The diameter of the cavity and lymph nodes status significantly influenced syrvivals. 1he overall syrvival between the two groups of patients showed no sig- nificant differences (P=0.075). But the factors of women(P=O.040), younger than 60 years(P =0.032), NO of the lymph nodes dissection group(P=0.046), and staging Ⅰ were significantly influenced 5-year survivals(P=0.048). Conclusion The diameter of the cavity and lymph nodes status were correlated with the survival. The carcinomatous cavity are important prognosis factors for the nan-retail cell lung cancer patients of younger than 60 years, negative of lymph nodes dissection and staging Ⅰ , but whether the carci- nomtous cavity are important prognosis factors for the non-small cell lung cancer patients of woman was not determined.     

空洞型非小细胞肺癌的预后分析

Objective To explore the survival and prognostic status of the cavitating non-small cell lung cancer. Methods A total 42 surgically treated patients with cavitating non-small cell lung cancer were studied retrospectively. Kaplan-Meiei was used to analyze the relationship between the prognostic factors and survival time. The cavitaing non-small cell lung cancer were matched 1:2 to the patients with non-small cell lung cancer that there is no cavity in X-ray, for gender, age, histology, lymph nodes dissection, stage, and whether receiving chemotherapy. The two groups were compared using the Log-rank test. Results The overall 1, 3, 5- year- survival rates for cavitating non-small cell lung cancer were 76.2%, 28.6%, and 14.7%, respectively. The diameter of the cavity and lymph nodes status significantly influenced syrvivals. 1he overall syrvival between the two groups of patients showed no sig- nificant differences (P=0.075). But the factors of women(P=O.040), younger than 60 years(P =0.032), NO of the lymph nodes dissection group(P=0.046), and staging Ⅰ were significantly influenced 5-year survivals(P=0.048). Conclusion The diameter of the cavity and lymph nodes status were correlated with the survival. The carcinomatous cavity are important prognosis factors for the nan-retail cell lung cancer patients of younger than 60 years, negative of lymph nodes dissection and staging Ⅰ , but whether the carci- nomtous cavity are important prognosis factors for the non-small cell lung cancer patients of woman was not determined.     

空洞型非小细胞肺癌的预后分析

Objective To explore the survival and prognostic status of the cavitating non-small cell lung cancer. Methods A total 42 surgically treated patients with cavitating non-small cell lung cancer were studied retrospectively. Kaplan-Meiei was used to analyze the relationship between the prognostic factors and survival time. The cavitaing non-small cell lung cancer were matched 1:2 to the patients with non-small cell lung cancer that there is no cavity in X-ray, for gender, age, histology, lymph nodes dissection, stage, and whether receiving chemotherapy. The two groups were compared using the Log-rank test. Results The overall 1, 3, 5- year- survival rates for cavitating non-small cell lung cancer were 76.2%, 28.6%, and 14.7%, respectively. The diameter of the cavity and lymph nodes status significantly influenced syrvivals. 1he overall syrvival between the two groups of patients showed no sig- nificant differences (P=0.075). But the factors of women(P=O.040), younger than 60 years(P =0.032), NO of the lymph nodes dissection group(P=0.046), and staging Ⅰ were significantly influenced 5-year survivals(P=0.048). Conclusion The diameter of the cavity and lymph nodes status were correlated with the survival. The carcinomatous cavity are important prognosis factors for the nan-retail cell lung cancer patients of younger than 60 years, negative of lymph nodes dissection and staging Ⅰ , but whether the carci- nomtous cavity are important prognosis factors for the non-small cell lung cancer patients of woman was not determined.     

淋巴结检出数和淋巴结转移度对Ⅱ～Ⅲ期结直肠癌患者预后的影响

目的 探讨淋巴结检出数和淋巴结转移度（LNR）对Ⅱ～Ⅲ期结直肠癌患者预后的影响.方法 回顾性分析507例Ⅱ～Ⅲ期结直肠癌患者的临床病理资料和随访资料.结果 507例患者共计检出淋巴结5801枚;转移淋巴结1122枚;淋巴结转移数与检出数呈正相关（r=0.171,P＜0.01）.淋巴结检出数大于或等于12枚与小于12枚的Ⅱ期患者,5年生存率分别为80.5%和62.7%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;而Ⅲ期患者则差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.不同LNR的Ⅱ～Ⅲ期结直肠癌患者5年生存率差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.不同淋巴结转移区域的同一LNR组患者的5年生存率差异也有统计学意义（P＜0.05,P＜0.01）.结论 淋巴结检出数对Ⅱ期结直肠癌患者预后的影响更为明显.为了获得更准确的分期及更好的预后,术中应尽量检出12枚/例以上淋巴结.LNR是Ⅱ～Ⅲ期结直肠癌的预后因素,用其评估患者预后时应兼顾淋巴结转移区域.     

Ⅱ期结直肠癌根治术淋巴结检出数目与患者预后的关系

目的探讨Ⅱ期结直肠癌根治术淋巴结检出数目与患者预后的关系。方法回顾性分析380例Ⅱ期结直肠癌患者的临床资料。结果本组术后5年内出现复发或转移的56例患者与无复发转移者平均淋巴结检出数分别为9．5枚／例和16．3枚／例（P〈0．01）．术后5年内死亡的97例患者与健在者平均淋巴结检出数分别为11．1枚／例和16．7枚／例（P〈0．01）．差异均有统计学意义。淋巴结检出大于或等于12枚／例组和小于12枚／例组的5年生存率分别为83．9％和62．0％（P〈O．01）,复发转移率分别为6．4％和25．7％（P〈0．01）,差异也均有统计学意义。单因素分析显示,Ⅱ期结直肠癌患者的预后与淋巴结检出数目有关（P〈0．05）。结论淋巴结检出数目多少影响Ⅱ期结直肠癌患者的预后．淋巴结检出数目多者复发转移率低．生存率较高。     

穿孔性结直肠癌一期切除32例临床病理学特点及预后分析

目的：探讨一期切除的穿孔性结直肠癌临床病理学特点及预后。方法：回顾性分析2000年1月—2005年1月收治的32例行一期切除的穿孔性结直肠癌患者（穿孔组）的临床资料,其中TNM分期Ⅱ期21例,Ⅲ期11例。以同期择期手术切除结直肠癌患者556例（TNM分期Ⅱ期412例,Ⅲ期144例）作为对照组。结果：穿孔组17例行Hartmann手术,15例一期吻合;5年总存活率为21.9%,Ⅱ期患者5年存活率为28.6%,Ⅲ期患者5年存活率为9.1%;复发主要为腹膜种植（69%）。对照组5年总存活率为52.7%,Ⅱ期患者5年存活率为70.1%,Ⅲ期患者5年存活率为12.5%。对照组Ⅱ期患者5年存活率明显高于穿孔组（P〈0.05）,而Ⅲ期患者5年存活率2组差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：穿孔性结直肠癌复发形式主要为腹膜种植,且5年存活率低。术后辅助化疗很重要,尤其是腹腔内灌注化疗可能提高其存活率。     

胆囊癌不同手术方式的疗效分析

目的 探讨胆囊癌不同手术方式的疗效.方法 回顾性分析2000年1月至2009年10月四川大学华西医院收治的81例胆囊癌患者的临床资料,分析胆囊癌患者采用不同治疗方式的疗效,肿瘤不同浸润深度与淋巴结转移的关系.采用Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析,生存率比较采用Log-rank法.结果 Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ期胆囊癌患者中...     

进展期胃癌胰头后淋巴结清扫的必要性

目的 探讨进展期胃癌胰头后淋巴结（No.13组）清扫的必要性和可行性.方法 收集2007年1月至2009年12月间,南昌大学第一附属医院接受D2根治术加No.13组淋巴结清扫的72例Ⅱ～Ⅲ期胃癌患者（研究组）的临床资料.按照与研究组1∶1配对方式选择同期行D2根治术的72例Ⅱ～Ⅲ期胃癌作为对照组.比较两组术中、术后及生存情况,并对影响No.13组淋巴结转移的因素进行分析.结果 两组患者手术时间[（2.8±0.4）h比（2.7±0.4）h]、术中出血量[（191.9±81.5） ml比（186.0±81.7） ml]、术后并发症发生率（18.1％比15.3％）、住院时间[（12.3±4.2）d比（11.9±3.2）d]以及术后3年生存率（63％比57％）的差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）.研究组有15例（20.8％）患者No.13组淋巴结阳性,其3年生存率为13％,明显低于57例No.13组淋巴结阴性患者的73％ （P＜0.05）.多因素分析结果显示,淋巴结N分期（P＜0.01）和组织学类型（P＜0.05）是影响No.13组淋巴结转移的独立因素.结论 对TNMⅡ～Ⅲ期胃癌患者进行No.13组淋巴结清扫是必要且安全可行的.     

探讨结肠区域淋巴结转移率在Ⅲ期结肠癌预后中的相关研究

目的 探讨区域淋巴结转移率和Ⅲ期结肠癌预后的相关性.方法 对125例Ⅲ期结肠癌患者进行5年随访,分析性别,年龄,肿瘤部位,分化程度,浸润深度,淋巴结转移率,转移淋巴结个数和结肠癌预后的关系以及对5年生存率的影响.并且根据淋巴结转移率(LNR≥0.2和＜0.2)和淋巴结转移个数(转移淋巴结≥3枚和＜3枚)各分成两组,比较组间的预后差异.筛选出影响Ⅲ期结肠癌5年预后相关的独立危险因素.结果 统计发现不同性别、年龄、部位、浸润深度(T分期),进行分组分析,组间检验,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).以年龄,肿瘤分化,淋巴结转移率和淋巴结转移个数分组,组间有明显差别(P＜0.05).对影响5年生存率的相关因素进行Cox比例风险模分析,LNR(B=-1.270,Sig=0.00)和肿瘤的T分期(B=0.845,Sig =0.16)是影响5年生存的独立危险因素.结论 为了准确的对Ⅲ期结肠癌的患者进行预后分析,一定要强调术后病理严格按照TNM分期的原则报道,报告中补充LNR的值,有利于临床医师对患者预后的总体判断.     

右半结肠癌全结肠系膜切除术要点及与传统手术疗效对比

目的 对比全结肠系膜切除术与传统手术治疗右半结肠癌的安全性及疗效.方法 收集2010年1月1日-2010年10月1日南京军区福州总医院普通外科收治的69例右半结肠癌患者临床资料,随机分为两组,A组38例,行全结肠系膜切除术,B且31例,行传统手术,采用t检验,x2检验或秩和检验,分析对比两种术式的安全性及疗效.结果 两种术式在手术时间、术中出血量、术后排气排便时间、住院时间、并发症发病率、Ⅰ、Ⅱ期淋巴结清扫数目、Ⅱ期3年复发率及生存率、Ⅲ期系膜根部阳性淋巴结数的差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.Ⅲ期淋巴结清扫数目[（22.76±6.94）枚、（15.11±7.85）枚]、Ⅲ期3年复发率（5.88％、45.45％）及生存率（94.12％、63.64％）、淋巴结清扫总数（20.56±7.11、13.92±6.62）、3年总复发率（7.89％、29.03％）及总生存率（94.74％、77.42％）的差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 与传统术式比较,全结肠系膜切除显著提高了Ⅲ期右半结肠癌根治效果,对Ⅰ、Ⅱ期右半结肠癌未见优势.     

淋巴结清扫总数和阴性淋巴结数对根治性远端胃大部切除胃癌患者预后的影响

目的 探讨淋巴结清扫总数和阴性淋巴结数目对根治性远端胃大部切除胃癌患者预后的影响.方法 1995年1月至2004年11月,对634例胃癌患者施行根治性远端胃大部切除手术(R0切除).分析淋巴结清扫总数与阴性淋巴结数目的相关性;对预后因素进行单因素及多因素分析;分析淋巴结清扫总数、阴性淋巴结数目与术后5年生存率的关系.结果 本组591例(93.2%)获得随访,时间5～14年,其中位生存期为62.0个月,术后5年生存率为57.6%.淋巴结清扫总数与阴性淋巴结数目的相关性具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).肿瘤浸润深度、阳性及阴性淋巴结数目和淋巴结清扫总数是影响本组患者预后的独立因素.相同TNM分期中,患者的术后5年生存率有随淋巴结清扫总数和阴性淋巴结数目增加而增高的趋势且具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).线性回归预测,淋巴结清扫总数每增加l0枚,患者术后5年生存率都有不同程度的提高:全组为13.1%、Ⅰ期为14.2%、Ⅱ期为20.5%、Ⅲ期为17.5%和Ⅳ期为10.9%;而每多清扫10枚阴性淋巴结,患者术后5年生存率亦可提高:全组为19.2%、Ⅰ期为20.1%、Ⅱ期为18.8%、Ⅲ期为18.4%和Ⅳ期为18.0%.结论 淋巴结清扫总数和阴性淋巴结数目可反映胃癌淋巴结清扫的程度并预测患者预后,应努力增加根治性远端胃大部切除胃癌患者的淋巴结清扫总数和阴性淋巴结数目,以提高远期疗效.     

Ⅱ期胃癌D2根治术淋巴结清扫数目与预后的关系

目的 研究Ⅱ期胃癌行D_2根治术检出淋巴结数目与患者预后的关系.方法 回顾性分析中山大学肿瘤防治中心1990年1月至2006年12月期间268例行胃癌D_2清扫术后按照日本胃癌协会（JGCA）第13版分期病理证实为Ⅱ期胃癌患者的临床资料.随访至2008年12月.结果 本组病例平均检出淋巴结（17.3±1.2）枚,其中淋巴结检出数低于15枚者109例,其1、3、5年生存率分别为92.7%、67.8%和50.9%;检出淋巴结数多于或等于15枚者159例,其1、3、5年生存率分别为96.9%、81.0%和66.4%;两组生存率比较,差异有统计学意义（P=0.003）.进一步分析显示.无淋巴结转移组（pN_0组）199例,其中检出淋巴结数目低于15枚者95例,其1、3、5年生存率分别为92.6%、70.4%和55.9%;多于或等于15枚者104例,其1、3、5年生存率分别为97.1%、84.4%和66.8%.两组生存率比较,差异有统计学意义（P=0.047）.而有淋巴结转移组（pN_1组）69例.其中检出淋巴结数目低于15枚者14例,其1、3、5年生存率分别为92.9%、57.1%和34.3%;多于或等于15枚者55例.其1、3、5年生存率分别为96.4%、73.4%和63.8%,两组生存率比较,差异有统计学意义（P=0.036）.结论 以日本胃癌协会（JGCA）第13版为标准的Ⅱ期胃癌患者,D_2根治术后淋巴结检出数目超过15枚者.其生存率优于低于15枚者.     

Lymph Node Recovery from Colorectal Tumor Specimens:Recommendation for a Minimum Number of Lymph Nodes to be Examined

Lymph node involvement is the mostimportant prognostic factor for patients who have undergone radicalsurgery for colorectal carcinoma. An accurate examination of thesurgical specimens is mandatory for the correct assessment of the lymphnode status of the tumor. The risk of understaging is particularly highfor patients with tumors classified as Dukes B (TNM stage II). The aimof this study was to determine if a specified minimum number of lymphnodes examined per surgical specimen could have any effect on theprognosis of patients who had undergone radical surgery for Dukes Bcolorectal cancer. Between 1988 and 1995 a total of 140 patientsunderwent radical resection of Dukes B colorectal cancer by the samesurgeon (C.C.). The relation between clinicopathologic variables andsurvival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. The Coxproportional hazard regression model was used to identify the variablesthat can independently influence survival. A median of 12 lymph nodes(range 3–38) was examined per tumor specimen. The 5-year survival rateof Dukes B patients who had had eight or fewer lymph nodes examinedafter surgery was 54.9%, whereas the survival rate for those who hadhad nine or more lymph nodes examined was 79.9% (p < 0.001). Cox regression analysis identified the number of lymph nodes asthe only independent prognostic factor (p = 0.01).Seventy patients with one to four metastatic lymph nodes (Dukes Cpatients) who had been operated on during the same period were includedin the survival analysis for comparison. The 5-year survival rate ofthe Dukes B patients with eight or fewer lymph nodes examined wassimilar to that of the 70 Dukes C patients (54.9% and 51.8%,respectively). Examination of eight or fewer lymph nodes in Dukes Bcolorectal patients may be considered a high risk factor for missingpositive lymph nodes in the surgical specimens. Our results suggestthat harvesting and examining a minimum of nine lymph nodes persurgical specimen may be sufficient for reliable staging of lymphnode-negative tumors.