Comparison of sulcus implantation of single-piece hydrophilic foldable acrylic and polymethylmethacrylate intraocular lenses in eyes with posterior capsule tear during phacoemulsification surgery

PURPOSE: To compare the results of sulcus implantation of acrylic and poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) intraocular lens (IOL) in eyes with posterior capsule tear during phacoemulsification surgery. METHODS: In all eyes a posterior capsule tear developed during phacoemulsification surgery and an IOL to the ciliary sulcus was implanted primarily. A total of 89 eyes of 88 patients received hydrophilic foldable acrylic IOL (acrylic group). A total of 72 eyes of 72 patients received PMMA IOL (PMMA group). The mean age was 67.1 years and 68.1 years and postoperative follow-up period was 19.2 months and 17.9 months in acrylic and PMMA groups, respectively. RESULTS: Temporary corneal edema appeared in 33 eyes and 26 eyes, elevation of intraocular pressure in 17 eyes and 12 eyes, anterior chamber inflammatory reaction in 5 eyes and 5 eyes, clinical cystoid macular edema in 7 eyes and 12 eyes, and decentered IOL in 4 eyes and 3 eyes in acrylic and PMMA groups, respectively. Late postoperative endophthalmitis developed in two eyes of the PMMA group. Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment developed in one eye in each group. Final best-corrected visual acuities were 5/10 and above in 73 eyes (82.02%) in the acrylic group and 5/10 and above in 42 eyes (58.33%) in the PMMA group. Postoperative final induced astigmatism was 0.5+/-0.5 D (SD) in the acrylic group and 1.11+/-0.65 D (SD) in the PMMA group (p=0.0001) (independent samples t-test). CONCLUSIONS: Increased astigmatism is more frequently seen in the PMMA group. The implantation of foldable acrylic IOL in the sulcus after posterior capsule tear maintains the advantages of small incision surgery.     

超乳术中后囊破裂行Ⅰ期后房人工晶状体植入

目的：探讨基层医院开展白内障超声乳化术中后囊破裂行Ⅰ期后房人工 晶状体的可行性和疗效。方法：在297眼白内障患者行超声乳化术，其中19例在术中发现后囊破裂，15眼合并玻璃体脱出而行前段玻璃体切除，均植入后房人工晶状体。结果：在19眼中，7眼囊袋内植入人工晶状体，12眼睫状沟植入。平均随访6月，裸眼视力≥0．3有19眼，≥0．5有14眼，≥1．0有5眼。8眼出现前房玻璃体渗出。结论：在超乳术中，若出现后囊破裂，只要处理得当，完全可以植入后房型人工晶状体，术后视力恢复较好。     

Single-piece acrylic intraocular lens implantation in children

PURPOSE: To assess the short-term outcomes of single-piece acrylic intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in children by determining the incidence of postoperative visual axis opacification and the need for a second procedure to clear the axis, cell deposits on the IOL optic, posterior synechias, and IOL decentration. SETTING: Miles Center for Pediatric Ophthalmology, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA. METHODS: This retrospective case review comprised 43 consecutive implantations (33 patients) of a single-piece hydrophobic acrylic IOL (AcrySof SA30AL or SA60AT, Alcon). An analysis of 42 eyes with posterior capsulectomy and vitrectomy was performed. Eyes with traumatic cataract and secondary IOLs were excluded. RESULTS: Single-piece acrylic IOLs were implanted in 42 eyes. The mean age was 33.5 months +/- 28.9 (SD) (range 0.5 to 110 months) and the mean follow-up, 12.0 +/- 8.2 months (range 1.0 to 27.5 months). Postoperative opacification of the visual axis occurred in 7 eyes (16.7%). Secondary surgical procedures were required in 5 eyes (11.9%). Lens deposits were observed in 8 eyes (19.0%) and synechias, in 5 eyes (11.9%). All IOLs were well centered postoperatively. CONCLUSION: The short-term data suggest implantation of the AcrySof single-piece hydrophobic acrylic IOL is safe in the pediatric eye.     

Refractive stabilization after temporal phacoemulsification with foldable acrylic intraocular lens implantation.

PURPOSE: To determine the rate of stabilization of refractive error after temporal small incision phacoemulsification with insertion of an acrylic foldable intraocular lens (IOL) (AcrySof MA30). SETTING: A university hospital anterior segment referral practice. METHODS: The records of 100 consecutive patients with good visual potential having phacoemulsification with acrylic IOL implantation who had good visual acuity on the first postoperative day were reviewed. Refractive data at 1 day, 1 week, and 1 and 4 months were compared. RESULTS: The mean spherical equivalent refraction was +0.31 diopter (D), -0.33 D, -0.51 D, and -0.35 D at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 4 months, respectively. Cylinder by refraction was 1.17 D, 1.09 D, 0.96 D, and 0.99 D, respectively. From 1 week on, the cylinder power and axis did not differ significantly from that at 4 months. At 1 week, the spherical equivalent was within +/-0.50 D of the 4-month refraction in 66.1% of eyes and the cylinder was within +/-0.50 D in 72.9%. At 1 month, the corresponding values were 87.1% and 85.7%. CONCLUSION: The refractive error stabilized rapidly after temporal phacoemulsification with acrylic IOL implantation.     

超声乳化术后囊破裂时人工晶状体植入的方法

目的探讨晶状体超声乳化吸出术中后囊破裂的处理及人工晶状体植入的方法。方法表面麻醉下晶状体超声乳化术中发生后囊破裂,术中及时发现破孔,充分利用黏弹剂,并联合前段玻璃体切除术。3 0例(30眼)全部植入后房人工晶状体。结果人工晶状体的两个襻植入囊袋内者10眼,一襻植入囊袋内另一襻在睫状沟内或两个襻都在睫状沟内共16眼,人工晶状体两个襻缝线固定于巩膜瓣下4眼。术后4周随访,视力>0.5者20眼,占66.67%;0.3~0.5者6眼,占20.00%;0.05~0.2者共4眼,占13.33%。结论晶状体超声乳化术中如果发生后囊破裂,只要及时发现,妥善处理,仍可以安全地植入后房人工晶状体,术后视力恢复较好。     

超声乳化吸除联合折叠IOL植入术治疗急性闭角型青光眼

目的:探讨超声乳化(Phacoemulsification,Phaco)联合折叠型人工晶状体植入术对急性闭角型青光眼的临床疗效。方法:选择>50岁患有急性闭角型青光眼伴有晶状体混浊的连续性患者20例23眼,行超声乳化联合折叠型人工晶状体植入术,比较手术前后视力和眼压的变化,超声生物显微镜(ultrasound biomicroscopy,UBM)检测手术前后前房深度(anterior chamber depth,ACD)和房角开放距离(an-gle opening distance,AOD500)的变化。结果:手术前视力和眼压是4.16±0.38和48.65±7.34mmHg,手术后视力和眼压为4.75±0.10和16.65±1.97mmHg;术前术后的前房深度为1.35±0.04mm和3.51±0.07mm,房角开放距离分别为225.09±12.43μm和511.18±12.20μm,手术前后比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术治疗急性闭角型青光眼安全、有效。     

白内障超声乳化吸出及折叠人工晶体植入手术分析

目的：评价超声乳化白内障吸出及折叠人工晶体植入术的疗效。方法：对５６例（６４只眼）老年性、先天性和并发性白内障施行３．２ｍｍ巩膜隧道切口超声乳化及折叠人工晶体植入术。并对术后１周、１个月及３个月视力和散光进行追踪观察。结果：术后１周裸眼或矫正视力≥０．５者占８７．５％，１个月者占９３．８％，３个月以上者占９７．１％。术后１周平均散光为１．４２±０．８９Ｄ，１个月为０．８４±０．６４Ｄ，３个月以上为０．８１±０．１２Ｄ。与同期所做５．５ｍｍ切口超声乳化及ＰＭＭＡ硬性人工晶体植入术组比较，术后１周和１个月散光均小于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５），术后３个月散光无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论：３．２ｍｍ切口超声乳化及折叠人工晶体植入术早期视力恢复快，效果好而稳定，角膜散光小，适当的植入方法及慎重选择病例可保证手术效果。     

Incision width after phacoemulsification with foldable intraocular lens implantation

PURPOSE: To determine the incision size after insertion of foldable intraocular lenses (IOLs) using both a forceps and injectors. SETTING: Intermountain Ocular Research Center, Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA. METHODS: One hundred patients had phacoemulsification through a clear corneal wound. The incision width was measured before and after IOL implantation. A 3-piece silicone IOL and a 3-piece acrylic IOL (both with an optic diameter of 5.5 mm) were inserted using a forceps. A plate-haptic silicone lens and a 3-piece silicone lens with a 6.0 mm diameter optic were inserted using an injector. RESULTS: The wound size in the group with the 3-piece silicone lens inserted with a forceps enlarged 4.4% (3.23 to 3.38 mm) in the low-power IOL group (15.0 to 20.0 diopters [D]) and 6.2% (3.24 to 3.44 mm) in the high-power IOL group (20.5 to 25.0 D). Similarly, the acrylic IOL wound enlarged 5% (3.21 to 3.37 mm) in the low-power IOL group and 6% (3.25 to 3.44 mm) in the high-power IOL group when a forceps was used. The 3-piece silicone and plate silicone lenses inserted using an injector enlarged the wound 3.2% and 3.3% (3.02 to 3.11 mm and 3.05 to 3.15 mm), respectively. There was no difference in the wound size with higher IOL powers in eyes with injected lenses. CONCLUSIONS: Clear corneal incisions enlarge after insertion of foldable IOLs in a predictable manner, with a forceps-inserted IOL enlarging the wound diameter more than lenses inserted with an injector. The forceps-inserted lens group also showed a difference in wound size related to IOL power.     

Sulcus implantation of a 3-piece, 6.0 mm optic,hydrophobic foldable acrylic intraocular lens in phacoemulsification complicated by posterior capsule rupture

To evaluate the safety of implanting a 3-piece, 6.0 mm optic, foldable acrylic intraocular lens (IOL) in cases of posterior capsule rupture during phacoemulsification.Department of Ophthalmology, Ahepa Hospital, Aristotle University Medical School, and Interbalkan Medical Center, Thessaloniki, Greece.This prospective noncomparative case series included 28 eyes (28 patients) having phacoemulsification complicated by extensive posterior capsule rupture with or without vitreous loss. In all eyes, a 3-piece, 6.0 mm optic, foldable acrylic IOL (AcrySof MA60BM, Alcon) was implanted in the sulcus. Postoperative examination included best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), anterior segment biomicroscopy, IOL centralization and position, intraocular pressure (IOP), and fundus biomicroscopy. The follow-up was 6 months.The most common postoperative complications were transient corneal edema in 12 eyes and increased IOP in 11 eyes. Slight asymptomatic decentralization from the center of the pupil (1.0 to 2.0 mm) and pseudophacodonesis were observed in 5 eyes each. Friction of the IOL with the iris occurred in 1 eye. Clinically significant cystoid macular edema occurred in 3 eyes. The final BCVA was between 20/15 and 20/25 in 18 patients, 20/30 in 2, between 20/40 and 20/50 in 4, and between 20/60 and 20/200 in 4.AcrySof IOL implantation in the sulcus during phacoemulsification complicated by posterior capsule rupture preserved the advantages of small-incision surgery. The postoperative behavior and centralization of the IOLs resembled those of poly(methyl methacrylate) lenses.     

超声乳化白内障吸除折叠式人工晶状体囊袋外植入术的远期疗效观察

目的评价超声乳化白内障吸除联合折叠式人工晶状体(intraocularlens,IOL)囊袋外植入术后的远期疗效。方法30例患者30眼行超声乳化白内障吸除术,由于后囊膜破裂,于囊袋外植入折叠式IOL作为囊袋外组。其中有19例患者另1只眼行超声乳化白内障吸除术囊袋内植入折叠式IOL作为囊袋内组。观察分析两组患者的视力、屈光度、眼压、IOL表面色素沉积及晶状体后囊膜浑浊情况。用超声生物显微镜(ultrasoundbiomicroscopy,UBM)观察IOL的位置,角膜内皮显微镜查角膜内皮细胞数量。随访时间25m～38.0m。结果术后2年时,裸眼视力≥0.5者囊袋外组占66.7%(20/30),囊袋内组占94.73%(18/19),两组比较差异有显著意义(P<0.05)。最佳矫正视力≥0.9者囊袋外组占83.3%(25/30),囊袋内组占84.21%(16/19),差异无显著意义(P>0.05)。屈光度囊袋外组为(-2.85±1.25)D,囊袋内组为(-1.05±0.65)D,差异有显著意义(P<0.05)。IOL表面色素沉积的发生率囊袋外组为30.00%(9/30),囊袋内组为5.26%(1/19),差异有显著意义(P<0.05)。术后眼压变化及后囊膜浑浊情况,两组比较差异均无显著意义(P>0.05)。UBM示囊袋外组IOL位于角膜中央后(3.201±0.561)mm,囊袋内组为(3.741±0.616)mm,差异有显著意义(P<0.05)。囊袋外组21眼双襻为睫状沟—睫状沟固定,16眼IOL光学部均与虹膜接触,另9眼一襻位于睫状沟,另一襻位于睫状体,其中有2眼IOL光学部与虹膜接触。囊袋内组双襻均位于囊袋内,IOL光学部不与虹膜接触。尽管IOL襻的位置不同,两组之间角膜内皮数量比较差异无显著意义(P>0.05)。结论囊袋外植入折叠式IOL长期结果显示,除由于前房较浅导致近视改变,以及IOL表面色素沉积较多外,与囊袋内植入相比较同样安全、有效。IOL光学部与虹膜之间的摩擦是IOL表面色素沉积较多的主要原因。临床上因后囊膜破裂,行折叠式IOL囊袋外植入时,选择植入襻与光学部之间夹角稍大类型的IOL且屈光度较前减少1.00D,可以减少此类并发症的发生。     

亲水性丙烯酸酯折叠人工晶状体在白内障超声乳化吸除术中的应用

目的:观察亲水性丙烯酸酯ACR6D SE折叠人工晶状体在白内障超声乳化手术中的应用效果.方法:对145例(204眼)白内障患者行超声乳化白内障吸除及ACR6D SE人工晶状体植入术,观察术中术后并发症、术后视力,术后随访时间≥3mo.结果:术中术后并发症为后囊膜破裂1眼(0.5%),人工晶状体脱位2眼(1.0%),角膜水肿12眼(5.9%),后囊膜混浊4眼(2.0%),术后眼压升高1眼(0.5%),前房渗出3眼(1.5%).结论:ACR6D SE人工晶状体能较好的提高视力;术后反应轻,并发症少.     

Intraoperative management of posterior capsule tears in phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation

OBJECTIVE: This paper presents the incidence, causes, and management of posterior capsule (PC) tears and their postoperative outcomes in a large series of eyes that underwent cataract removal and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, operated on by one surgeon. DESIGN: Retrospective, noncomparative case series. PARTICIPANTS: Eighteen thousand four hundred seventy consecutive eyes (1992-1999) were reviewed with the assistance of electronic medical records for incidence of PC tears in patients seeking treatment at an outpatient cataract surgery clinic. INTERVENTION: Eyes in this series underwent continuous curvilinear capsulorrhexis (CCC), nucleofractis phacoemulsification, and IOL implantation under topical anesthesia. Different intraoperative surgical strategies such as posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorrhexis (PCCC) were used in the management of PC tears. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Routine preoperative and postoperative visual and refractive outcomes were recorded, including incidence of lens capsule tears, IOL position, and postoperative complications. RESULTS: Posterior capsule tears occurred in 83 of 18,470 eyes, resulting in an overall incidence of 0.45%. Of these 83 eyes with PC tears, 49% received vitrectomy. Fifty-one of 83 PC tears (61.4%) were amenable to be converted to PCCC. Of these 51 procedures, 50 eyes had PC IOL in-the-bag fixation. One eye had PCCC with optic capture. There were no eyes with dropped nuclei or nuclear fragments requiring pars plana vitrectomy. Seventeen eyes (20.5%) had Neuhann anterior capsule rhexis fixation with the haptics placed in the sulcus and IOL securely in the bag. Ten eyes (12.1%) had the IOL placed in the sulcus, and 5 eyes (6.0%) required anterior chamber IOL fixation. None of the 83 PC tears resulted in clinically evident cystoid macular edema, retinal detachment, or endophthalmitis. CONCLUSIONS: With an intact CCC and with conversion of PC tears to PCCC, in-the-bag fixation of IOLs can be achieved in most eyes.     

无晶状体囊眼的折叠式人工晶状体植入术

目的探讨无晶状体囊眼的折叠式人工晶状体植入的可行性和有效性。方法28例无晶状体囊眼,经3.2mm角膜缘切口或透明角膜切口,植入Alcon单片式折叠式人工晶状体,双襻用10-0聚丙烯缝线缝合固定于睫状沟,观察术中植入情况和术后视力、角膜、眼内炎反应症及人工晶状体位置等情况。结果所有病例均顺利植入人工晶状体,1例术中出现前房积血。术后随访3~18月,视力均有不同程度提高,人工晶状体位置正,无严重术后并发症发生。结论单片式折叠人工晶状体双襻缝线固定植入治疗无晶状体囊眼是可行和有效的,长期的并发症有待进一步观察。     

Akreos Adapt人工晶状体十字形袋／沟固定法在后囊大破孔时的应用

目的 观察Akreos Adapt亲水性丙烯酸酯折叠式人工晶状体（IOL）十字形袋/沟固定法植入在外伤后或白内障术中出现的后囊大破孔时应用的临床效果.方法 对31例（31眼）后囊大破孔者采用十字形袋/沟固定法植入Akreos Adapt亲水性丙烯酸酯折叠式IOL.随访期内观察其术后视力及视觉症状、术后炎症反应、IOL位置及固定状态、囊膜混浊程度、瞳孔和眼压等情况.结果 术后所有眼视力均较术前提高,最佳矫正视力0.1～0.2者4眼,0.3～0.4者5眼,≥0.5者22眼.所有术眼的IOL均在位,基本居中、无移位,视轴透明,未见严重的术后炎症反应或IOL相关并发症,瞳孔及眼压正常.结论 在后囊大破孔但连续环形撕囊完整时可采用十字形袋/沟固定法植入Akreos Adapt亲水性丙烯酸酯折叠式IOL,该法简便、快捷、安全,植入后IOL位置稳定居中,并有良好的生物相容性和眼内稳定性.     

Complete anterior capsule contraction after phacoemulsification with acrylic intraocular lens and endocapsular ring implantation

A 69-year-old man with pseudoexfoliation syndrome and bilateral cataract had phacoemulsification with continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis and implantation of a morcher endocapsular ring and AcrySof acrylic intraocular lens (IOL) (Alcon). Two months later, the patient had vision loss in the left eye with a visual acuity of 20/500. He presented with anterior capsule fibrosis in both eyes, with complete occlusion of the capsule opening in the left eye and mild occlusion in the right eye. After a neodymium:YAG laser anterior capsulotomy in the left eye, visual acuity was 20/20. This case shows that endocapsular ring implantation does not prevent anterior capsule contraction syndrome but can prevent IOL decentration.