口疮净胶囊治疗复发性口腔溃疡100例

口疮净胶囊由生甘草、黄连、黄芩、柴胡、清半夏、党参、红花、僵蚕、佛手，制大黄等组成。临床治疗复发性口腔溃疡１００例，以服药１个月为一疗程，结果治愈５４例，显效２９例，有效１４例，无效３例，总有效率为９７％。     

金花消痤胶囊质量标准的研究

目的　控制金花消痤胶囊的质量 ,建立金银花、黄芩、大黄、黄连、黄柏、甘草的薄层鉴别和栀子苷的含量测定。方法　采用薄层色谱法对样品中金银花、黄芩、大黄、黄连、黄柏和甘草进行定性鉴别 ,用薄层扫描法测定栀子苷含量。结果　鉴别方法专属性强 ,定量方法简便、可靠 ,平均回收率λ=95 .88% ,RSD=1.15 ,n=5。结论　此标准可有效地控制本品的质量     

葛根芩连汤不同配伍对黄芩苷含量的影响

目的　建立 RP- HPL C法测定葛根芩连汤各配伍组合中的黄芩苷的含量测定方法 ,研究配伍对黄芩苷含量的影响。方法　采用 L8(2 7)正交设计及统计方法 (统计软件 SPSS10 .0 ) ,以 HPL C法测定黄芩苷的含量。结果　葛根、黄连对方中黄芩苷含量的影响差异具有显著性 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,甘草对黄芩苷含量的影响差异无显著性 (P>0 .0 5 ) ,葛根、黄连、甘草对黄芩苷含量的影响不存在两两交互作用。凡是黄连与黄芩的配伍组合皆有沉淀产生 ,并且沉淀中含有较多的黄芩苷。结论　葛根芩连汤配伍中葛根、黄连能降低黄芩苷的含量 ,甘草没有增加黄芩苷的溶出的作用。 p H值的改变可能是含黄连和黄芩配伍煎液产生沉淀的主要原因之一。     

Assessment of antidiarrhoeal activity of the methanol extract of Xylocarpus granatum bark in mice model

The methanol extract of Xylocarpus granatum bark was studied for its antidiarrhoeal properties in experimental diarrhoea, induced by castor oil and magnesium sulphate in mice. At the doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg per oral, the methanol extract showed significant and dose-dependent antidiarrhoeal activity in both models. The extracts also significantly reduced the intestinal transit in charcoal meal test when compared to atropine sulphate (5 mg/kg; i.m.). The results showed that the extracts of Xylocarpus granatum bark have a significant antidiarrhoeal activity and supports its traditional uses in herbal medicine.     

葛根芩连汤配伍规律的研究

目的研究葛根芩连汤不同配伍对主要化学成分、药理效应变化的影响,综合分析该方的配伍规律。方法采用HPLC法测定各主要成分,考察HPCE指纹图谱的变化,药理指标采用体外抑菌、体内抑菌、解热试验、抗腹泻试验和病理损害模型。结果葛根和黄连降低黄芩苷的含量,黄连降低甘草酸的含量,葛根、黄芩、甘草使小檗碱的含量降低。配伍产生的沉淀,经分析含有黄芩苷、小檗碱、葛根素、甘草酸。各药配伍组合中,以黄连的体内外抑菌活性最强,不同的菌株强度有差异;解热试验中,最佳组合为葛根和黄芩;在抗腹泻试验中,最佳组合为黄连和炙甘草。结论从治疗“协热下利”证来说,全方4味药组合最佳。     

Antidiarrhoeal activity of seed extract of Albizzia lebbeck Benth

The antidiarrhoeal activity of the seed extract of Albizzia lebbeck (Benth.) was investigated employing conventional rodent models of diarrhoea, i.e. castor oil-induced diarrhoea, upper gastrointestinal transit (u.g.t.) and fluid secretion. It was found that the aqueous methanol extract of Albizzia lebbeck seeds (2.5-5 mg/kg i.p.) possessed antidiarrhoeal activity which strengthens the earlier use of the seeds in the treatment of diarrhoea and dysentery. The antidiarrhoeal dose of the extract was at least 10-30 times less than the LD(50) dose. The extract (2.5-5 mg/kg i.p.) potentiated the antidiarrhoeal activity of loperamide (1 mg/kg i.p.). Nalaxone (0.5 mg/kg i.p.) significantly inhibited the antidiarrhoeal activity of the extract as well as loperamide, thus indicating a role of the opioid system in the antidiarrhoeal activity of the extract.     

大黄配伍前后水解型鞣质及蒽醌类成分的含量变化研究

目的研究大黄分别与甘草、炙甘草、黄连、黄芩配伍前后水解型鞣质及蒽醌类成分的含量变化。方法采用HPLC法测定大黄配伍前后各提取物中没食子酸、芦荟大黄素、大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚的含量。结果配伍后水解型鞣质的含量降低较少,游离蒽醌及总蒽醌的含量均有不同程度的降低,其中以与黄连降低幅度最大。结论大黄经配伍后蒽醌类成分含量发生显著变化。     

葛根芩连配方颗粒提取工艺研究

目的:研究葛根芩连配方颗粒提取的优化工艺。方法:分别以葛根、黄芩及黄连的有效成分葛根素、黄芩苷及盐酸小檗碱为指标,用正交试验设计法对葛根芩连配方颗粒的提取工艺进行优化。结果:葛根芩连配方颗粒的最佳工艺为:葛根、黄芩和甘草3药合煎,黄连单煎;葛根、黄芩和甘草3药合煎的提取工艺为加水量第1煎10倍,第2煎8倍;提取1.5 h;提取2次。黄连单煎的提取工艺为加水量第1煎12倍,第2煎10倍;提取1.5 h;提取2次。结论:葛根、黄芩和甘草3药合煎,黄连单煎后各成分的提取率较高,保证了葛根芩连配方颗粒的质量。     

唐宗海《血证论》用药规律的数据研究

目的:研究唐宗海《血证论》中的遣方用药规律。方法:将唐宗海《血证论》中明确记载的内服方药信息录入由中国中医科学院提供的中医传承辅助系统软件,进行数据挖掘分析。结果:唐宗海《血证论》明确记载的内服用方共989首,涉及药物231味,涵盖各类中药,其中使用频率最高的前六味药物为甘草、当归、人参、茯苓、生地黄、白芍,核心组方为甘草、当归、人参、茯苓、生地黄、白芍、黄芩、白术、半夏、柴胡、生姜、大枣、川芎。结论:唐宗海《血证论》内服用药灵活,重视辨证论治,非纯用止血药物,处方用药以补益气血、疏肝和解为主的应用最广,用药规律印证了其学术思想。     

泻心汤不同配伍抗炎作用比较研究

目的对泻心汤不同配伍抗炎作用进行研究,以阐明该方的配伍原理。方法采用脂多糖(LPS)小鼠急性炎症模型,以血清NO浓度变化作为炎症指标,观察ig泻心汤生药18g/kg对血清NO浓度经时变化的影响;ig泻心汤生药4.5、9、18g/kg对血清NO浓度的影响;按正交设计,观察ig泻心汤不同配伍,即大黄、黄连、黄芩、大黄 黄连、大黄 黄芩、黄连 黄芩、全方(全方组生药18g/kg,其余各组按照在全方中的等量生药剂量给药)对血清NO浓度的影响。结果泻心汤给药后小鼠血清NO浓度均较对应时间点模型组低,6h差异显著,12、15h差异非常显著;泻心汤各剂量组小鼠血清NO浓度均较模型组低,高剂量组差异显著;不同配伍结果显示,除黄连组外,各给药组血清NO浓度与模型组相比差异显著;正交分析表明,在抗炎方面,大黄为该方第一要药,黄芩其次,黄芩与大黄有协同作用,黄连无明显作用及影响。结论在抗炎方面,泻心汤中大黄为第一要药,黄芩其次,黄芩与大黄有协同作用。     

TLCS法测定小柴胡汤口服液中柴胡皂甙含量

应用双波长薄层扫描法首次对小柴胡汤制剂中柴胡皂甙进行含量测定。本法利用聚酰胺柱,样品特定处理及薄层层析展开溶剂系统消除了人参、甘草、黄芩等药所含成分对测定成分的干扰,为柴胡复方制剂质量控制及方药研究所需指标成分含量测定提供了手段。     

黄连解毒汤及其不同配伍组方成分溶出变化研究

目的利用高效液相色谱法建立了黄连解毒汤(黄连、黄芩、黄柏、栀子)水提物的指纹图谱分析方法,结合黄连解毒汤16个全排列,评价不同配伍组方对黄连解毒汤成分溶出的影响。方法 HPLC法,反相C18柱,体积流量为1.0 mL/min,UV检测器(λ=254 nm),流动相为甲醇-水(含0.1%醋酸),梯度洗脱。结果分析、比较黄连解毒汤及其不同配伍组方的高效液相图谱,黄芩与黄连、黄柏配伍产生沉淀使生物碱溶出降低;黄芩与栀子配伍使环烯醚萜类成分溶出降低,但四药配伍溶出增加为112.6%;不同配伍组合黄酮类成分溶出增加降低不尽相同,但四药配伍增加为480.7%。结论 方法全面准确可靠,可作为黄连解毒汤体外成分分析研究的依据。     

Assessment of the antidiarrhoeal properties of the aqueous extract, the 80% methanol extract and its soluble fractions of the leaves of Alstonia congensis Engl. (Apocynaceae) in Wistar rats

Aim of the study

To evaluate the antidiarrhoeal properties of Alstonia congensis leaves claimed to be effective for the treatment of diarrhoea by traditional healers during our ethnopharmacological investigation conducted in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.

Materials and methods

The aqueous extract (decoction), and the 80% hot methanol extract (Soxhlet extraction) were obtained. This last extract was fractionated. The antidiarrhoeal activity was evaluated using castor oil and magnesium sulphate-induced diarrhoea in animals. The potential antibacterial activity of all samples was also assessed in vitro.

Results

At all oral doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight, all A. congensis samples showed significant and dose-dependent antidiarrhoeal activity in treated Wistar rats characterised by significant increase of onset time and decrease of all other diarrhoeal parameters at various degrees compared to untreated groups in both models. At the highest oral dose of 200 mg/kg bodyweight, the 80% hot methanol and aqueous extracts produced 79.8±2.1% and 78.6±0.5%, and 75.0±2.1% and 71.4±2.1% inhibition of defecation and diarrhoea respectively against castor oil-induced diarrhoea, and 75.0±1.2% and 73.3±1.2% inhibition of diarrhoea respectively against magnesium sulphate-induced diarrhoea. The 80% hot methanol and aqueous detannified extracts showed low activity (42–47% inhibition of defecation and/or diarrhoea in both tests) suggesting that tannins may be responsible for the observed activity. At the same oral doses, the total alkaloid extract, the chloroform soluble fraction rich in alkaloids, the 80% methanol and the alkaline aqueous soluble subfractions produced more than 50% inhibition of defecation and/or diarrhoea in both tests. From the antibacterial testing in vitro, results indicated that all A. congensis samples exhibited an antibacterial activity mainly against bacteria implicated in diarrhoea with MIC and MBC values in the range of 15.6–500 μg/ml. The most active samples were the aqueous (decoction) and the 80% hot methanol dried extracts, the chloroform subfraction rich in alkaloids and the total alkaloid extract (MIC: 15.7–125 μg/ml, MBC: 31.2–250 μg/ml). Proteus varibilis was found to be the most resistant microorganism.

Conclusion

These reported results can partly support and justify the traditional use of extracts from Alstonia congensis leaves for the treatment of diarrhoea in tradittional medicine.     

Evaluation of antidiarrhoeal profile of Jussiaea suffruticosa linn. extract in rats

The antidiarrhoeal potential of a methanol extract of the aerial parts of Jussiaea suffruticosa Linn. (MEJS) was studied with several experimental models of diarrhoea in rats. MEJS treated rats showed significant inhibitory activity against castor oil induced diarrhoea and PGE(2) induced enteropooling. It also showed a significant reduction in gastrointestinal motility following a charcoal meal in rats. The extract exhibited significant antidiarrhoeal potential at doses of 100,200 and 300 mg/kg in all the animal models and thus established the efficacy of MEJS as a potent antidiarrhoeal agent.     

Antidiarrhoeal and antimicrobial activities of Emilia coccinea (Sims) G. Don extracts

Emilia coccinea (Sims) G. Don is reported to possess a number of medicinal properties including antidiarrhoeal and antimicrobial activities. The antidiarrhoeal effects of both methanol and aqueous extracts of the leaves of Emilia coccinea were studied in rats against castor oil-induced diarrhoea at the doses of 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg body weight. The methanol extract, and to a lesser extent the aqueous extract, significantly prolonged the time for diarrhoeal induction; it reduced the frequency of diarrhoea episodes and decreased the propulsion of charcoal meal through the gastrointestinal tract in a dose dependent manner. The aqueous extract did not have any antimicrobial activity at the tested concentration (5 mg/ml), but the methanol extract was most active on Escherichia coli. These results may support the fact that this plant is used traditionally to cure diarrhoea.     

基于网络药理学分析黄芩-黄连药对抗流感的作用机制

目的 利用网络药理学对黄芩-黄连药对抗流感的作用机制进行分析.方法 利用TCMSP、Swiss和GeneCards数据库筛选黄芩、黄连的有效活性成分,并预测药物和疾病的靶点信息.在Cytoscape软件中构建"药物-成分-疾病-靶点"相互作用网络和蛋白相互作用网络图,并使用R软件对黄芩-黄连药对的作用靶点进行GO与KE...     

Antidiarrhoeal activity of the methanol extract of the barks of Xylocarpus moluccensis in castor oil- and magnesium sulphate-induced diarrhoea models in mice

The methanol (MeOH) extract of the barks of Xylocarpus moluccensis, and different fractions of this extract were studied for antidiarrhoeal activity using castor oil- and magnesium sulphate-induced diarrhoea models in mice. At the doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg, the MeOH extract showed significant antidiarrhoeal activity in both models. The EtOAc fraction (EAF) and the residual MeOH fraction (RMF) exhibited similar activity using a dose of 250 mg/kg in both models. No antidiarrhoeal activity was observed with the chloroform fraction (CHF) at the test doses. When tested for antibacterial effect, the MeOH extract displayed moderate inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholera, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermis, Shigella dysentery, Staphylococcus pyogenes, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter aerogenes. While the CHF inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae, Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella sonnei, Staphylococcus epidermis, Staphylococcus pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the EAF was active against all test organisms except Vibrio cholera and Staphylococcus epidermis. The RMF inhibited the growth of all the test organisms with moderate zone of inhibition. On the basis of these findings, it can be assumed that Xylocarpus moluccensis could be a potential source for novel 'lead' discovery for antidiarrhoeal drug development.     

不同工艺皮康冲剂对黄芩甙含量的影响

对不同工艺皮康冲剂中的黄芩甙含量应用ＨＰＬＣ进行比较。实验结果表明：黄芩甙的含量以黄连单独打细粉，于制粒前加入黄芩、大黄等煎液的稠膏中，制得的冲剂含量最高为５．３０％，而以黄芩、黄连等药合煎制得的冲剂黄芩甙的含量最低为３．１９％。     

Evaluation of antidiarrhoeal activity Rumex maritimus root

The partitioned n-hexane, ethylacetate and residual methanol extracts of the root of Rumex maritimus were evaluated for antidiarrhoeal activity in mice using castor oil and serotonin induced diarrhoea and also charcoal motility test at 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight dose. Among these, the methanol extract most significantly prolonged the time for induction of diarrhoea, reduced the frequency of diarrhoeal episodes and also decreased the propulsion of charcoal meal through the gastrointestinal tract.     

基于古方数据挖掘珍稀中药人参的用药特点与配伍规律

目的:通过数据挖掘和关联分析等方法,寻找古方中使用珍稀中药人参的用药特点与配伍规律,以验证并拓宽其临床应用。方法:从中医方剂数据中筛选出用量及功效明确、组成含有人参的方剂2 420首。通过Apriori算法及聚类分析对方剂进行数据挖掘。结果:Apriori关联分析得出,人参-甘草,人参-白术,人参-当归,是最常用的二联用药。人参-白术、甘草,人参-白芍、当归,当归-白芍、人参,是最常用的三联用药。小剂量人参与甘草、白术配伍,大剂量人参与甘草配伍;通过聚类提取出4个因子,提取出的方剂分别具有止痛、温补肾阳、降逆止呕、补气行血的功效。结论:人参用量不宜过大,与人参配伍的中药以调和人参药性、治疗脾胃虚寒、温肾散寒止痛4个方面的作用为主,为临床使用与实验研究提供理论依据与实验思路。