新疆维吾尔族人群HLA-DR、DQ基因多态性与结核病易感性的研究

目的 探讨人类白细胞抗原(HLA)-DRB1、DQB1基因多态性与新疆维吾尔族人群结核病易感性的关联。 方法 采用病例-对照的研究方法,应用聚合酶链反应-序列特异性引物(PCR-SSP）技术对226例新疆维吾尔族肺结核病患者(肺结核病例组)和231例新疆维吾尔族健康对照者(健康对照组)进行HLA-DRB1、DQB1基因分型,比较其等位基因频率(GF),并计算其比值比(OR)。 结果 1. 肺结核病例组中HLA-DRB1*11基因频率显著高于健康对照组,2组的GF分别为4.5%、1.1%,差异有统计学意义(OR=4.388,95%CI=1.618～11.905,P_c＜0.05);肺结核病例组中HLA-DRB1*04基因频率显著高于健康对照组,2组的GF分别为12.8%、8.4%,但P值经过校正后差异无统计学意义(OR=1.686,95%CI=1.060～2.684,P_c>0.05)。 2. 肺结核病例组中HLA-DQB1*0201基因频率显著高于健康对照组,2组的GF分别为40.1%、19.2%,差异有统计学意义(OR=3.379,95%CI=2.302～4.960,P_c＜0.05); 肺结核病例组中HLA-DQB1*0301/4基因频率显著低于健康对照组,2组的GF分别为6.2%、10.3%,但P值经过校正后差异无统计学意义(OR=0.561、95%CI=0.334～0.941,P_c＞0.05)。 结论 HLA-DRB1*11、DQB1*0201等位基因与新疆维吾尔族人群结核病强相关,DRB1*11、DQB1*0201可能是其易感基因。     

HLA-DRB1基因多态性与新疆维吾尔族人群结核病易感性的相关性研究

目的探讨人类白细胞抗原(HLA)-DRB1基因多态性与新疆维吾尔族人群结核病易感性的关联。方法采用病例-对照方法 ,应用聚合酶链反应-序列特异性引物(PCR-SSP)技术对226例新疆维吾尔族肺结核病患者(肺结核病例组)和当地同族231人健康者进行HLA-DRB1基因分型,比较其等位基因频率(GF),并计算其比值比(OR)。结果肺结核病例组中HLA-DRB1*11基因频率显著高于健康对照组,两组的GF分别为4.53%和1.09%,差异有统计学意义(OR=4.388,χ2=9.872,Pc=0.026<0.05);肺结核病例组中HLA-DRB1*04基因频率亦显著高于健康对照组,两组的GF分别为12.77%和8.36%,但P值经过校正后差异无统计学意义(Pc>0.05)。结论 HLA-DRB1*11等位基因与新疆维吾尔族人群结核病呈相关性。     

HLA-DR单倍型与中国南方汉族肺结核的相关性分析

目的　探讨HLA DR基因单倍型在中国南方汉族肺结核发病机制中的可能作用。方法 采用病例 对照的研究方法 ,应用PCR SSP技术对 110例中国南方汉族肺结核患者和101例中国南方汉族健康对照者的 23个HLA DR等位基因进行分型 ,比较两组间DR53-DRB1、DR52-DRB1和DR51-DRB1单倍型频率 (HF)并计算其相对危险性(RR)。结果 DR16-DR52单倍型的频率肺结核病例组显著高于对照组 (0.01<P<0.05),其RR为3.10;DR1-DR53、DR1-DR52、DR13.3-DR53、DR12-DR53、DR13.3-DR52、DR7-DR52.DR9-DR52单倍型的频率肺结核病例组显著低于对照组（前四者P<0.01,后三者 0.01<P<0.05),其 RR分别为 0.29、0.26、0.38、0.52、0.25、0.10、0.42。结论DR12-DR53、DR7-DR52、DR9-DR52单倍型的存在可能与中国南方汉族肺结核的发病有关联,而其它单倍型的差异则可能是因其组成基因的基因频率差异所致。     

HLA-DQB1-HLA-DRB1单倍型与中国南方汉族肺结核的相关性分析

目的　探讨HLA DQB1 HLA DRB1单倍型在中国南方汉族肺结核发病机制中的可能作用。方法 采用病例 对照的研究方法 ,应用PCR SSP技术对110例中国南方汉族肺结核患者和 10 1例中国南方汉族健康对照者的 2 0个HLA DRB1和 8个HLA DQB1等位基因进行分型 ,比较两组间DQ2,3(8) DRB1、DQ3(7) DRB1、DQ3(8,9) DRB1、DQ2 ,3(7,9) DRB1、DQ2 DRB1、DQ4 DRB1、DQ5DRB1和DQ6 DRB1单倍型频率 (HF)并计算其相对危险性 (RR)。结果 DQ2 ,3(8) DR14 .1、DQ3(7)DR16单倍型的频率肺结核病例组显著高于对照组 (6 .10vs .0 .5 0、4 .18vs .0 .99) ,其RR分别为 13.4 0和 4 .41;DQ2 DR1、DQ2 DR12、DQ2 DR13.3、DQ3(7) DR1、DQ3(7) DR13.3、DQ3(8,9) DR13.3、DQ2,3(7,9) DR1、DQ2 ,3(7,9) DR13.3、DQ2 ,3(7,9) DR13.4、DQ4 DR4单倍型的频率肺结核病例组显著低于对照组(分别为 1.84vs .5 .6 0、1.37vs .5 .6 0、4 .18vs .11.0 0、2 .30vs .9.89、12 .6 2vs .2 2.2 8、5 .6 1vs .11.5 6、3.70vs .14 .4 0、16 .88vs .2 8.94、5 .13vs .12 .12、2 .30vs.6 .13) ,其RR分别为 0 .31、0 .2 3、0 .34、0 .2 1、0 .4 7、0 .4 4、0 .4 6、0 .38和 0.35。结论 DQ2 ,3(8) DR14 .1、DQ2 DR12、DQ2 ,3(7,9 )-DR13.4、DQ4-DR4单倍型的存在可能与中国南方汉族肺结核的发病有着关联,而其他单倍型差异的显著性则可能是因其组成基因的基因频率差异所致。     

中国北方汉族人群HLA-A、HLA-B、HLA-DR等位基因频率检测及其临床意义

目的从基因水平了解中国北方地区汉族人群人类白细胞抗原HLA—A、HLA—B、HLA—DR位点的等位基因(以下分别简称为A等位基因、B等位基因及DR等位基因)频率,获得更完整、准确的HLA群体遗传学数据。方法应用聚合酶链反应一序列特异性引物(PCR—SSP)方法对2000名北方汉族健康志愿者进行A、B、DR等位基因分型。结果鉴定了17个A等位基因,32个B等位基因,13个DRB1等位基因。最常见的基因型分别为A^ 02、B^ 13、DRB1^ 15,其相应基因频率范围分别为0．2400～0．2767、0．1330～0．1432和0．1557～0．1707。结论本结果可作为我国HLA多态性研究的群体资料和正常参考值,对群体遗传、疾病关联研究以及寻找HLA相合的异基因造血干细胞供者具有重要意义。     

HLA-DQB1-HLA-DRB1单倍型与中国南方汉族肺结核的相关性分析

目的探讨HLA—DQB1．HLA．DRBl单倍型在中国南方汉族肺结核发病机制中的可能作用。方法采用病例．对照的研究方法，应用PCR．SSP技术对110例中国南方汉族肺结核患者和101例中国南方汉族健康对照者的20个HLA．DRBl和8个HLA．DQB1等位基因进行分型，比较两组间DQ2，3(8)-DRB1、DQ3(7)-DRB1、DQ3(8，9)．DRB1、DQ2，3(7，9)．DRB1、DQ2-DRB1、DQ4．DRB1、DQ5-DRB1和DQ6．DRB1单倍型频率(HF)并计算其相对危险性(RR)。结果DQ2，3(8)．DR14．1、DQ3(7)．DR16单倍型的频率肺结核病例组显著高于对照组(6．10vs．0．50、4．18vs．0．99)，其RR分别为13．40和4．41；DQ2-DR1、DQ2-DR12、DQ2．DR13．3、DQ3(7)．DR1、DQ3(7)．DR13．3、DQ3(8．9)-DR13．3、DQ2，3(7，9)-DR1、DQ2，3(7，9)-DR13．3、DQ2，3(7，9)．DR13．4、DQ4-DR4单倍型的频率肺结核病例组显著低于对照组(分别为1．84V8．5．60、1．37V8．5．60、4．18VS．11．00、2．30VS．9．89、12．62V8．22．28、5．61V8．11．56、3．70V8．14．40、16．88V8．28．94、5．13V8．12．12、2．30vs．6．13)，其RR分别为0．31、0．23、0．34、0．21、0．47、0．44、0．46、0．38和0．35。结论DQ2，3(8)．DR14．1、DQ2．DR12、DQ2，3(7，9)-DR13．4、DQ4-DR4单倍型的存在可能与中国南方汉族肺结核的发病有着关联，而其他单倍型差异的显著性则可能是因其组成基因的基因频率差异所致。     

蒙汉族儿童过敏性紫癜临床特点与HLA-DRB1基因关联性对比分析

目的　探索内蒙古地区蒙、汉族儿童过敏性紫癜 (AP)临床特点的不同与HLA DRB1等位基因的关联性。方法　选择祖籍三代居住内蒙古地区 ,无血缘关系、与异族通婚史及其他风湿性疾病史和家族史的蒙、汉族儿童AP 5 7例和 74例。比较临床特点 ,引入PCR SSP技术 ,分析HLA DRB1等位基因的型别 ,结合检索查新分析讨论。结果　①汉族病例组肾、心、多器官损害、肾病综合征、肾病综合征伴肾炎综合征损害率分别为 5 4 %、30 %、73%、12 %和 15 % ;比蒙古族相应损害率为 35 %、5 %、4 2 %、0和 0增高 (χ2 值分别是 4 6 6 6、12 4 82、12 736、—和— ,P分别为 0 0 31、0、0、0 0 0 5和 0 0 0 2 )。蒙古族平均住院 (18± 7)d ,比汉族 (2 7± 18)d短 ,(t′ =2 4 5 0 ,P =0 0 2 1)。②蒙古族病例组DRB1 110x基因频率为 13 2 % ,高于对照组 6 1% (χ2 =4 378,P =0 0 36 ) ,OR =2 386 ,95 %可信区间为 1 0 4 5～ 5 4 4 7。汉族病例组DRB1 0 10x基因频率为 14 6 % ,高于对照组4 8% (χ2 =10 0 7,P =0 0 0 2 ) ,OR =3 4 36 ,95 %可信区间为 1 5 4 3～ 7 6 5 2 ;而DRB1 0 80x基因频率为 2 7% ,低于对照组 8 7% (χ2 =5 2 4 ,P =0 0 2 2 )。并得出OR =0 337,95 %可信区间为 0 12 0～0 94 7。③汉族病     

我国苗族人群1型糖尿病患者与HLA-DR基因频率的相关性研究

目的　研究我国苗族人群 1 型糖尿病(T1DM)患者与 HLA-DR基因频率的相关性。　方法　选择无血缘关系的纯苗族 T1DM患者 45 例,纯汉族 T1DM患者 43 例,纯苗族健康对照(NC)组52例,纯汉族NC组58例。运用序列特异性引物 聚合酶链反应(PCR/SSP)技术测定 HLA-DR1.10基因频率。　结果　(1)苗族及汉族T1DM组患者的 DR2 基因频率分别明显低于苗族及汉族NC组(P<0.05);DR3、DR9 基因频率分别高于 NC组(P<0.05)。(2)苗族 T1DM组及苗族 NC组的DR5 基因频率分别明显高于汉族T1DM组及汉族NC组(P<0.05)。(3)苗族 T1DM组的 DR2基因频率明显低于汉族NC组(P<0.05) ;DR3、DR5、DR9 基因频率分别高于汉族NC组(P<0.05)。(4)苗族及汉族人群中,T1DM组的 DR2 基因频率分别明显低于 NC组,其相对危险度 RR<1,P<0.05; DR3、DR9 基因频率分别高于NC组,其相对危险度RR>1,P<0.05。　结论　苗族T1DM组与汉族T1DM组患者 HLA DR1、DR2、DR3、DR4、DR6、DR7、DR8、DR9、DR10 基因频率差异无统计学意义,苗族T1DM组及苗族 NC组 DR5 基因频率高于汉族 T1DM 组及汉族 NC 组。DR3、DR9 与T1DM呈正相关;DR2 与T1DM呈负相关。     

HLA-DR12基因与广西地区汉族IgA肾病的关联性研究

目的　研究人类白细胞Ⅱ类抗原(HLA DR12)等位基因与广西汉族IgA肾病的关 系。方法　采用聚合酶链反应—序列特异性引物法(PCR SSP),对30例广西汉族IgA肾病患者及 60名汉族对照组的HLA DR12基因频率进行检测。结果　(1)广西汉族IgA肾病组的HLA DR12 基因频率高于对照组(P<0.01);(2)广西汉族HLA DR12基因阳性IgA肾病患者临床上多表现为 持续性蛋白尿伴镜下血尿(P<0.05);(3)广西汉族HLA DR12基因阳性IgA肾病患者的病理预后 指标与广西汉族HLA DR12基因阴性IgA肾病患者无明显差异。结论　HLA DR12基因可能为广 西汉族IgA肾病的易感基因,但其目前还不能作为IgA肾病预后不良的一个指标。HLA DR12基因 阳性的广西汉族IgA肾病患者临床表现有自身特点。     

ADAM33基因T1位点多态性与内蒙古地区蒙、汉民族人群哮喘的相关性研究

目的探讨解整合素-金属蛋白酶33(ADAM33)基因T1位点(rs2280091)不同基因型及等位基因的分布频率与内蒙古地区蒙、汉民族支气管哮喘的关系。方法选用限制性片段长度多态性(PCRRFLP)方法对汉族哮喘患者112例、蒙古族哮喘患者105例进行ADAM33基因多态性的检测,并分别与110例健康汉族和108例健康蒙族进行比较,筛选有意义基因。结果内蒙古地区蒙、汉族人群均可检出T1位点3种基因型(AA、AG、GG),在蒙、汉族支气管哮喘组分布频率分别与健康对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),汉族哮喘组AG、GG基因型OR值分别为0.183、0.38,蒙古族哮喘组AG、GG基因型OR值分别为0.295、0.851;蒙、汉族支气管哮喘组T1位点等位基因A和G基因频率分别与健康对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),G等位基因OR值及95%可信区间分别为0.372(0.190-0.729)、0.237(0.111-0.509)。结论内蒙古地区ADAM33基因T1位点基因多态性与内蒙古地区蒙、汉族人群哮喘发病可能相关。     

MHC class II alleles in Mexican patients with rheumatic heart disease

BACKGROUND: Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is an autoimmune sequel of group A streptococcal infection that has been associated with the presence of some major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the role of class II alleles in the genetic susceptibility to RHD in Mexican patients and establish the relationship of these alleles with the pattern of valve damage. METHODS: HLA-DR, -DQA1 and -DQB1 allele frequencies were determined by PCR-SSO reverse dot blot and PCR-SSP in 98 Mexican Mestizo patients with RHD and 99 healthy controls. Patients were divided into mitral valve damage (n=46), multivalvular lesion (n=49) and aortic damage (n=3). RESULTS: RHD patients presented an HLA-DR16 increased frequency (pC=0.009, OR=3.9) and a decreased HLA-DR11 frequency (pC=0.018) when compared to healthy controls. HLA-DR16 subtyping showed that DRB1*1602 was the DR16 allele increased in patients (pC=0.007, OR=5.3). Haplotype analysis showed increased frequency of DR16-DQA1*0501-DQB1*0301 in RHD patients when compared to healthy controls (pC=0.011). HLA-DR16 frequency remained significantly increased on patients with multivalvular lesion (pC=0.004, OR=4.8). CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest an important participation of Amerindian autochthonous HLA-DR16 (DRB1*1602) allele and DR16-DQA1*0501-DQB1*0301 haplotype as markers for RHD genetic susceptibility in the Mexican Mestizo population. HLA-DR16 allele could also play an important role in determining the pattern of valve damage on these patients.     

HLA class II distribution in Congolese with hyperthyroidism: preliminary results

OBJECTIVE: Incidence of the hyperthyroidism is continuously increasing, whereas our knowledge concerning the facilitating or etiologic factors of this increase are still partial. To evaluate some of these unknown factors, we started this preliminary study, in order to identify HLA genes in hyperthyroid Congolese, and to determine their susceptibilty in the appearance and development of hyperthyroidism at the Hospital Clinic of Kinshasa. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine Congolese women with hyperthyroidism, and thirteen healthy controls (3 women and 10 men) were examined and compared for HLA-DR and HLA-DQ genes analyses, from August 2000 to August 2002. DRB1 and DQB1 alleles were identified, using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and immobilized sequence-specific oligonucleotide (SSO HLA-DRB1 and DQB1 test) probes assays. RESULTS: In the group with hyperthyroidism, three alleles (HLA-DR1, HLA-DR2, HLA-DR3) and an allele group (HLA-DR11,13,14) were found for DRB1 locus, while only one allele (HLA-DQB1*0602) was identified for DQB1 locus; allele group HLA-DR11,13,14 was the most frequent (allele frequency=0.50), followed by HLA-DR3 allele (allele frequency=0.222); 6 haplotypes were observed, with predominance of haplotype DR3/DR11,13,14 (genotype frequency=0.333), followed by haplotype DR11,13,14/DR11,13,14-DQB1*0602 (genotype frequency=0.222). In the group of healthy controls, three alleles (HLA-DR2, HLA-DR3, HLA-DR4) and an allele group (HLA-DR11,13,14) were identified for DRB1; HLA-DR2 allele was predominant (allele frequency=0.615), followed by allele group HLA-DR11,13,14 (allele frequency=0.231); a statistic significant difference was observed between the frequencies of DR2 allele and allele group DR11,13,14 in the healthy controls compared to those of hyperthyroid patients (p=0.02); 6 haplotypes were also detected in this group, the most frequent haplotype being HLA-DR2/DR2-DQB1*0602 (genotype frequency=0.540 versus 0.333 in the hyperthyroid group) (p=0.048). HLA-DQB1*0602 was dominant in the healthy controls group (allele frequency=0.890), versus HLA-DQB1*0302 (allele frequency=0.110). CONCLUSIONS: HLA-DR2, HLA-DQB1*0602 and DR2/DR2-DQB1*0.602 would play a protective role against the hyperthyroidism, while DR3 allele, allele group DR11,13,14 and haplotype HLA-DR3/DR11,13,14 would predispose to this disease or to Graves' exophtalmopathy. A large and profound study is needed to confirm our preliminary results.     

人类白细胞抗原—DRB1和DQB1基因与肺结核合并糖尿病的相关性分析

目的 探讨人类白细胞抗原（HLA）－DRB1手DQB1基因与肺结核合并2型糖尿病的关联性;寻找与肺结核合并2型糖尿病可能相关的HLA基因。方法 采用病例对照和聚合酶链反应－特异性序列引物（PCR－SSP)方法,对我国北方汉族123例肺结核合并2型糖尿病患者和与其无因缘关系的46名健康对照以及45全单纯2型糖尿病患者分别进行HLA－DRB1和DQB1闰点的等位基因分型。结果 肺结核合并2型糖尿病患者组中DRB1＊09基因频率明显高于健康人组,分别为25．10％和14．03％,RR为2．22,肺结核合并2型糖尿病患者组中DRB1＊09基因频率明显高于单纯2型糖尿病患者组,分别为25．10％和9．32％,RR为3．16,统计学上差异均有显著性;在肺结核合并Ⅱ型糖尿病患者组中DQB1＊05基因频率明显低于单纯2型糖尿病患者组,分别为7．17％和21．12％,RR为0．26,统计学差异有非常显著性。结论 研究提示DRB1＊09基因可能是肺结核合并2型糖尿病的易感基因;DQB1＊05基因可能是肺结核合并2型糖尿病的保护基因;可以推测DRB1＊09和DQB1＊05基因在肺结核合并2型糖尿病的发病中起一定作用,或是真正起作用的基因与它们连锁,有待于进一步研究。     

HLA antigens and juvenile onset spondyloarthritides: negative association with non-B27 alleles

OBJECTIVE: To describe the association between HLA-B and HLA-DR genes and juvenile onset spondyloarthritides (SpA) in Mexicans. METHODS: The study included 66 consecutive patients with SpA (45 with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and 21 with undifferentiated SpA) and 99 non-related healthy controls. The HLA-A, -B and DR alleles were detected by the polymerase chain reaction with the sequence-specific primers technique. Statistical methods included the Mantel-Haenzel chi2 test, Fisher's exact test, and Woolf method for odds ratio (OR). RESULTS: The frequency of HLA-B27 was significantly increased in the whole group (pC < 10(-3), OR = 53.0, aetiological fraction = 51%), particularly in AS (pC < 10(-3), OR = 67.42, aetiological fraction 57%). In contrast, the frequencies of HLA-B44, and HLA-B14 were significantly decreased. Also, a weak negative association HLA-DR5 (p < 0.05) was found. CONCLUSION: Apart from an expected significant association between HLA-B27 and juvenile-onset SpA, particularly AS, we found negative associations with HLA-B44, B14, and DR5. There was also a trend for HLA-B15 and DR1 associations with SpA.     

Relationship between HLA-DR gene polymorphisms and outcomes of hepatitis B viral infections: a meta-analysis

AIM: To assess the rigorous relationship between human leukocyte antigens (HLA)-DR alleles and outcomes of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections by means of meta-analysis.METHODS: Medline/PubMed, EMBASE, CNKI and VIP were searched to identify relevant studies. Study quality was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were pooled using Stata 11.0. Subgroup analyses were performed by ethnicity. Heterogeneity and publication bias analyses were performed to validate the credibility.RESULTS: A total of 2609 patients with chronic hepatitis B and 2606 controls spontaneously recovering from prior HBV infection were included. Meta-analysis showed that HLA-DR*04 (OR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.60-0.85) and DR*13 (OR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.19-0.37) alleles were significantly associated with HBV clearance while patients carrying HLA-DR*03 (OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.16-1.87) or DR*07 (OR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.24-2.03) alleles had a significantly increased risk of chronic HBV persistence. For the HLA-DR*01 polymorphism, a significantly association with HBV clearance was found in Chinese Han group (OR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.26-0.86), but not found in other ethnic groups (P = 0.191). For other polymorphisms, no association with the HBV infection outcome was found.CONCLUSION: HLA-DR*04 and DR*13 alleles may be the protective factors for HBV clearance and HLA-DR*03, and DR*07 alleles may be the risk factors for HBV persistence.     

HLA-DR.DQ基因与骨关节结核的易感性研究

目的 探讨HLA-DR.DQ基因多态性与骨关节结核的遗传关联性,比较骨关节结核与肺结核之间易感基因的差异。方法 采用聚合酶链反应-序列特异性引物 (PCR-SSP)方法,对86例骨关节结核,88例正常人及34例肺结核的HLA-DR.DQ等位基因进行分析。结果 骨关节结核组与正常人比较,骨关节结核组DRB109、DQB10301基因频率增高 (38.99%比8.24%　PC ＜0.0001　RR =8.92;18.27%比2.66%　PC ＜0.05　RR =2.21),DRB113.2基因频率显著低于对照组 (4.76%比20.50%　PC ＜0.001　RR =0.18)。骨关节结核组与肺结核比较,DRB109、DQB10301基因频率增高 (38.99%比9.2%　PC ＜0.0001;18.15%比1.85%　PC ＜0.001),而DRB115基因频率低于肺结核组 (17.17%比36.3%　PC ＜0.01)。结论 HLA-DRB109、DQB10301可能是我国骨关节结核的易感基因,DRB113.2为保护基因。骨关节结核与肺结核之间易感基因存在差异。     

HLA-DRB1基因多态性与肺结核易感性的病例对照研究

目的探讨HLA-DRB1基因多态性与唐山地区汉族人群肺结核发病的关系。方法采用l：1配对的病例对照研究设计（2010年3～6月上旬在唐山市结核病医院）连续收治的汉族成人（年龄≥18岁）新发肺结核患者124例组成患者组;同时,再经统一结核菌素皮肤试验（TST）确认在同期为有结核分枝杆菌感染的健康体检者中,选择与患者组同民族、同性别、年龄相差不超过3岁、相同居住地匹配条件的共361名,且保证与每例患者匹配的对照至少有2名,在其中随机（扔硬币方法）选取1名与患者组患者结为对子,严格按照配对条件从361名中编号后随机抓取124名作为对照组。采用聚合酶链反应一特异性序列引物（PCR—SSP）和限制性片断长度多态性（PCR—RFLP）的方法检测HLA-DRBl基因DR15、DR16、DR1、DR11位点多态性,对与肺结核相关的危险因素进行问卷调查,应用SPSS12．0软件进行单因素和多因素条件logistic回归分析。结果患者组中DR11野生型占85．5％（106／124）,对照组野生型占87．1％（108／124）,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P=0．712;OR=1．146;95％C10．555-2．366）;患者组中DR16野生型占75．0％（93／124）,对照组野生型占83．1％（103／]24）,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P=0．119;OR=1．635;95％C10．879～3．042）;患者组中DR15野生型占85．3％（81／124）,对照组野生型占82．2％（102／124）,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P=0．002;OR=2．461;95％CI=1．363～4．444）;故DRl5基因突变型可能是肺结核发生的易感基因型;DRl5位点突变如果与DRl6位点突变同时存在时,风险增加（P=0．007;OR=4．904;95％CI=1．554～15．476）,比单独的DRl5、DRl6位点突变的作用要大,说明该2个基因可能具有协同作用,能显著增加结核病的易感性。对17个环境危险因素进行了单因素条件logistic回归分析,在多因素分析中调整卡痕、体质指数、人均居住面积、家族史4个因素后,DRl5突变基因型仍与肺结核显著相关（Wald X2=9．844,P=0．002;OR=2．996;95％CI=1．510-5．945）。结论DRl5基因突变型为结核病的易感基因型。