阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征白天高碳酸血症相关因素的研究

目的 研究阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)伴白天高碳酸血症的患病率,并与白天不伴高碳酸血症患者资料进行比较,经相关和回归分析探寻导致白天高二氧化碳的影响因素,以提高对本病的认识.方法 对连续收集到的肺功能正常的110例OSAHS中29例伴白天高碳酸血症者(研究组)与白天元高碳酸血症者81例(对照组)进行比较,观察两组年龄、体重指数(BMI)、肺功能、白天血气、夜间动态血氧饱和度(SaO2)、多导睡眠图(PSG)的差别,并对与PaCO2有关的因素进行相关和回归分析.结果 两组一秒率(FFV1/FVC)差异无显著性(P＞0.05),研究组较对照组年轻,BMI、呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)较对照组高(P＜0.05).研究组白天PaO2显著低于对照组,PaCO2、[HCO3-]显著高于对照组(P＜0.001).研究组夜间平均SaO2(MSaO2)、最低SaO2(LSaO2)显著低于对照组,氧饱和度≤90%的时间占总监测时间的百分比(SIT90)显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).高碳酸血症组白天PaCO2与MSaO2、LSaO2呈负相关(r值分别为-0.625;-0.429),与SIT90、AHI呈正相关(r值分别为0.563;0.385).经回归(逐步筛选法)分析,高碳酸血症组MSaO2可以解释引起白天PaCO2升高因素中的39.1%(R2=0.391,P=0.001).结论 OSAHS伴白天高碳酸血症的患病率为26.4%.伴白天高碳酸血症者多见于青年和中年患者并且较肥胖,夜间缺氧程度较白天无高碳酸血症者更为严重,提示病情较重.白天高碳酸血症与夜间缺氧有关,MSaO2是引起OSAHS白天高碳酸血症的重要因素之一,可将其作为OSAHS伴白天高碳酸血症的一个预测指标.     

Sufentanil-related respiratory depression and antinociception in the dog. Mediation by different receptor types

The mu-receptor purportedly is considered the site responsible for the mediation of opioid-related respiratory depression. However, there is no equivocal understanding whether the same site is also responsible for antinociception. For blockade of effects, the selective mu-antagonist beta-funaltrexamine (CAS 72782-05-9, beta-FNA) was given intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) prior to increasing doses of sufentanil (CAS 60561-17-3) (3, 6 and 12 micrograms/kg) in the conscious dog. This was followed by the selective delta-antagonist naltrindole (CAS 111555-53-4) (160 micrograms/kg). After one week, using the same dosages and the same animals, saline instead of beta-FNA was given i.c.v., again followed by sufentanil and naltrindole. Arterial blood gases (paO2, paCO2) were used to demonstrate respiratory impairment while somatosenory-evoked potentials reflected sensory blockade. Maximal depression of paO2 was 73.9 with and 55.0 mmHg without beta-FNA, while paCO2 rose to 44.7 without and to 35.0 mmHg with beta-FNA (p < 0.005). In the evoked potential, maximal depression was 39.1% with and 92.7% without beta-FNA (p < 0.005). Naltrindole reversed residual hypoxia, however, not hypercarbia or amplitude reduction of the evoked potential. For regulation of paO2, a mu-delta-receptor interaction is postulated while paCO2 and sensory blockade are affected solely by the opioid mu-site.     

NO/ET比值失衡在妊娠高血压综合征发病中的作用

目的 :探讨妊娠高血压综合征 (妊高征 )患者母儿血浆中一氧化氮 (NO)、内皮素 (ET)及NO/ET比值的变化在妊高征发病中的作用。方法 :采用硝酸还原酶法和放射免疫法分别测定40例妊高征患者 (妊高征组 )和30例正常晚期妊娠妇女 (对照组 )静脉血及新生儿脐血中NO和ET的含量。结果 :妊高征组母血及脐血中NO含量均显著低于对照组 (P<0.01) ,ET含量显著高于对照组 (P<0.01) ,NO/ET比值显著低于对照组 (P<0.01) ,且病情越重比值越低。妊高征组母血及脐血中NO和ET之间均无明显相关性 (r分别为0.274、0.220 ,均P>0.05) ,而对照组母血及脐血中NO和ET之间均呈正相关 (r分别为0.642、0.529 ,均P<0.01)。妊高征组母血NO/ET比值与孕妇平均动脉压呈负相关 (r= -0.629,P<0.01) ,与新生儿出生体重呈正相关 (r=0.480,P<0.01)。结论 :妊娠期NO/ET比例失衡可能是妊高征发病机制中的一个重要环节。     

65例脑血管硬化性痴呆症患者ET、CGRP、NO的变化

目的：观察脑血管硬化性痴呆症（VD）患者血清ET、CGRP与NO的水平,分析其相互关系,探讨血管舒缩功能状态改变与VD发病的可能关系。方法：根据诊断标准筛选VD患者65例,分为轻度痴呆组（VD.1)30例,重度痴呆组（VD.2)35例,并设立正常对照组30例,进行血清ET、CGRP、NO指标检测。结果：VD组ET显著高于正常对照组,CGRP、NO显著低于正常对照组（P＜0.01);VD.2组ET高于VD.1组,CGRP、NO低于VD.1组（P＜0.01);VD患者的ET与CGRP、NO呈负相关性,CGRP与NO与正相关（P＜0.01)。结论：在VD患者血中ET升高,CGRP、NO降低,VD的发病与血管舒缩调节功能异常有关。     

Sibutramine reduces feeding, body fat and improves insulin resistance in dietary-obese male Wistar rats independently of hypothalamic neuropeptide Y

We studied the effects of the novel noradrenaline and serotonin (5-HT) reuptake inhibitor sibutramine on feeding and body weight in a rat model of dietary obesity, and whether it interacts with hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY) neurones. Chow-fed and dietary-obese (DIO) male Wistar rats were given sibutramine (3 mg kg(-1) day(-1) p.o.) or deionized water for 21 days. Sibutramine decreased food intake throughout the treatment period in both dietary-obese rats (P<0.0001) and lean rats (P<0.0001). Weight gain was reduced so that final body weight was 10% lower in dietary-obese (P<0.005) and 8% lower in lean (P<0.05) rats versus their untreated controls. Plasma leptin concentration was lower in sibutramine-treated dietary-obese rats (P<0.05), and in treated lean rats (P<0.05). Using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) as a measure of insulin resistance, untreated DIO rats were significantly more insulin resistant than controls (P<0.005), and this was corrected by sibutramine treatment (P<0.05). Neither hypothalamic NPY mRNA nor NPY peptide levels in a number of hypothalamic nuclei were significantly altered by sibutramine compared to untreated controls. The hypophagic and anti-obesity effects of sibutramine in dietary-obese Wistar rats appear not to be mediated by inhibition of ARC NPY neurones.     

急性脑血管病病人血浆内皮素及降钙素基因相关肽测定的临床意义

目的　探讨内皮素 (ET)及降钙素基因相关肽 (CGRP)水平的变化在急性脑血管病发生、发展中的意义。方法　选择发病在 4 8h内的急性脑血管病病人 ,其中脑梗死 4 0例、脑出血 2 2例 ,4 0例健康体检者作为对照组 ,采用放射免疫法测定血浆ET及CGRP。结果　急性脑梗死组ET显著高于对照组 (P <0 0 1) ,CGRP显著低于对照组 (P <0 0 5 ) ,而脑出血组ET及CGRP均显著高于对照组 (P <0 0 1,P <0 0 5 )。治疗 3周后 ,脑梗死组轻中型及恢复较好的重型病人ET降至接近正常水平 ,CGRP也升至接近正常水平 ,而重型及恢复较差的中型病人ET虽有下降 ,但仍显著高于对照组 (P <0 0 5 ) ,CGRP基本降至正常。脑出血组ET及CGRP均降至接近正常。结论　急性脑血管病发生、发展及预后与ET、CGRP的变化有关 ,监测ET及CGRP水平的变化对于急性脑血管病特别是脑梗死的病情演变及预后判断有重要意义。     

血清内皮素在小儿川崎病中的诊断价值及临床意义

目的　观察 36例川崎病 (KD)患儿不同时期及 34名正常健康儿童的血清内皮素 (ET)的变化 ,探讨其对川崎病患儿合并冠状动脉损害的诊断价值及临床意义。方法　采用放射免疫测定 (radioim munoassay,RIA)法测定不同时期 36例川崎病患儿和 34名健康正常儿童 ET的含量。结果　 KD组急性期 ET含量 (78±10 ) ng/ L显著高于亚急性期 ET含量 (5 0± 8) ng/ L及正常对照组 ET含量 (4 5± 8) ng/ L ,急性期伴冠状动脉损伤的 ET含量 (85± 13) ng/ L明显高于不伴冠状动脉损伤的 ET含量 (6 2± 11) ng/ L。结论　检测 ET对川崎病的早期诊断以及川崎病发生、转归、预后判断有重要价值     

Release of endothelin in the oleic acid-induced respiratory distress syndrome in rats.

Rats injected intravenously with oleic acid developed pulmonary edema leading to hypoxia and hypercarbia. These changes were accompanied by an increase in immunoreactive endothelin (ir-ET) in plasma as early as 15 min after injection. At 45 min after injection plasma levels peaked at 114 +/- 19 pg/ml plasma (n = 8) and reached basal levels again after 240 min. In contrast, much larger amounts of ir-ET were found in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, with a peak at 120 min (2878 +/- 258 pg/lung, n = 7) preceding the maximum hypoxia observed at 180 min. In both plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples ir-ET was characterized by reverse-phase HPLC as a mixture consisting mainly of ET-1 and smaller amounts of big ET-1, ET-2 and ET-3. In light of the biological effects of ET, the data suggest that these peptides might be of pathophysiological significance in this model of adult respiratory distress syndrome.     

心衰患者内皮素与肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统(RAAS)的关系

采用放免分析法测定了５３例慢性充血性心力衰竭（ＣＨＦ）患者及１９例正常对照者血浆内皮素（ＥＴ）、血浆肾素活性（ＰＲＡ）、血管紧张素Ⅱ（ＡⅡ）和醛固酮（ＡＬＤＯ）值，结果显示：ＣＨＦ心功能Ⅱ级患者ＡⅡ高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。严重心衰（心功能Ⅲ、Ⅳ级）患者ＥＴ、ＡⅡ、ＡＬＤＯ均明显高于心功能Ⅱ级和对照组（均Ｐ＜０．０１）；ＡⅡ高于心功能Ⅱ级组和对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。ＥＴ与ＰＲＡ呈正相关。表明ＣＨＦ患者ＥＴ与肾素－血管紧张素－醛固酮系统的变化是一致的，二者可能存在相互促进的调节作用。     

肺炎及肺癌患者血浆内皮素、降钙素基因相关肽的检测及意义

目的探讨内皮素(ET)、降钙素基因相关肽(CGRF，)在肺炎、肺癌等肺部疾病发病中的意义。方法用放射免疫分析法测定了18例慢性支气管炎(慢支)患者、27例肺癌患者、20例肺炎患者血浆ET及CGRP含量，并与同年龄段20例健康正常人作对照。结果肺炎、肺癌组ET含量明显高于正常对照组，肺癌及慢支组中合并肺心病者CGRP含量明显低于正常对照组，且与ET含量呈明显负相关。结论ET含量增高及CGRP含量下降在肺癌及慢支合并肺心病的发病过程中可能起一定作用。     

内皮素心钠素在左向右分流型先天性心脏病肺动脉高压的相关性研究

目的探讨血浆内皮素(ET)、心钠素(ANP)在左向右分流型先天性心脏病(CHD)肺动脉高压形成中的相互关系及临床意义。方法左向右分流型CHD合并肺动脉高压患者32例,正常对照组14例。采用放射性免疫法测定血浆ET、ANP的浓度,分析上述各指标在病变进展过程中的变化特点及相关性。结果①CHD各组术前肘静脉ET的浓度大于对照组(P<0.05);轻度肺动脉高压组与高肺血流量组之间术前肘静脉ET浓度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);轻度、中度与重度肺动脉高压组之间的术前肘静脉ET浓度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);重度>中度>轻度肺动脉高压组。②CHD各组术前肘静脉血浆ANP浓度分别明显高于正常对照组(P<0.05);高肺血流量组、轻度、中度与重度肺动脉高压组之间术前肘静脉血浆ANP浓度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);重度>中度>轻度>高肺血流量组。③CHD各组肺动脉血浆ET浓度与肺动脉收缩压/主动脉收缩压呈正相关关系(r=0.794,P<0.01);ANP浓度与肺动脉收缩压/主动脉收缩压呈正相关关系(r=0.700,P<0.01)。④CHD各组术前肘静脉血浆ET与ANP浓度之间呈正相关关系(r=0.891,P<0.01)。结论ANP、ET共同参与了肺动脉高压的病理生理过程,ET合成增多,使缩血管物质与舒血管物质间失衡,促进了肺动脉高压的发生发展;ANP的升高则为机体的一种防御性反应,对维持肺循环稳定,减缓肺动脉高压的发生发展有积极作用。本实验将为延缓肺动脉高压形成或逆转失去手术机会的肺动脉高压患者的治疗提供一定的实验根据。     

拉萨健康藏,汉族运动时肺泡——动脉血氧分压梯度的变化

对海拔3658m的拉萨高原世居藏族10人及已习服的移居汉族9人的每分钟肺通气量（VE）、肺泡—动脉氧分压梯度（A－a）DO2及动脉血氧饱和度（SaO2）进行了测定，以了解西藏高原世居藏族的（A—a）DO2是否低于移居汉族，VE对其影响以及（A－a）DO2降低在维持SaO2上的作用。结果显示世居藏族在运动时VE较低，动脉血CO2分压（PaCO2）较高，（A－a）DO2明显低于移居汉族；在重度运动负荷时，世居藏族的PaO2及SaO2均高于汉族。结果提示（A－a）DO2的缩小代偿了VE。降低所致SaO2下降，对维持较高的SaO2、尤其在维持运动时的SaO2具有重要的作用。     

常规检查血压正常的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者50例临床分析

目的了解白天常规检查血压正常的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）患者夜间睡眠中血压的情况。方法选择50例白天常规检查血压正常且经多导睡眠图监测确诊为OSAHS的患者。将50例OSAHS患者按照有无夜间高血压分为有夜间高血压的OSAHS患者组与无夜间高血压的OSAHS患者组,并将2组睡眠监测指标进行比较。多导睡眠图监测同时均行动脉血压监测。睡眠监测后测清晨醒来时血压及抽取空腹静脉血,检测血清内皮素（ET）和降钙素基因相关肽（CGRP）水平。结果夜间睡眠中出现血压升高18例（36％）,其中16例清晨醒来时也有血压升高。夜间血压升高的OSAHS患者呼吸紊乱指数、最低血氧饱和度、血清ET、ET／CGRP比值分别为（39．07±6．12）次／h、（69．11±8．89）％、（1．24±0．17）g／L、（2．49±0．62）,与无夜间高血压组[（27．11±5．07）次／h、（83．39±10．04）％、（0．87±0．14）g／L、（1．91±0．46）]相比均明显升高。结论以白天常规血压检查来衡量OSAHS患者是否合并高血压会使一部分有夜间高血压的患者漏诊。     

Postnatal Outcomes In Term And Preterm Lambs Following Fetal Growth Restriction

1. Epidemiological evidence indicates that low birthweight increases the risk of a number of adult-onset diseases. It is now apparent that many babies with a low birthweight may have been subjected to a combination of reduced growth rates in utero as well as preterm birth. However, the long-term effects of preterm birth following intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR) are unknown. Thus, our objectives were: (i) to identify prenatal factors associated with preterm birth in IUGR fetuses; and (ii) to characterize postnatal effects of preterm birth following IUGR. 2. We studied pregnant sheep and their offspring, in which fetal growth was restricted by umbilico-placental embolization during late gestation. Some of these animals were born at term (146 +/- 1 days) and some were born prematurely (139 +/- 1 days). In both groups, we have conducted longitudinal studies of postnatal respiratory function, cardiovascular function and learning ability up to 6-8 weeks of age. 3. Before birth, IUGR fetuses born prematurely (P-IUGR) were more hypoxaemic and acidaemic and had higher haemoglobin concentrations than both control fetuses and IUGR fetuses born at term (T-IUGR). In P-IUGR fetuses, plasma cortisol concentrations increased earlier than in the two other groups. The P-IUGR lambs had lower birthweights than T-IUGR lambs and both groups of IUGR lambs remained lighter than controls for 8 weeks. 4. After birth, P-IUGR lambs were hypoxaemic compared with T-IUGR and control lambs. Pulmonary diffusing capacity (adjusted for lung volume) was significantly lower in both groups of IUGR lambs than in controls, with P-IUGR lambs having lower values than T-IUGR lambs. Lung compliance (adjusted for lung volume), was not different between P-IUGR and control lambs, but values were higher in T-IUGR lambs than in control and P-IUGR lambs. Chest wall compliance (adjusted for lung volume) was higher in both groups of IUGR lambs than in controls. 5. During the 8 week postnatal study period, both groups of IUGR lambs had lower mean arterial pressures than control lambs; this relative hypotension was greatest in P-IUGR lambs. 6. In tests of learning ability, P-IUGR lambs took longer to complete a simple maze task at all ages and, in the second postnatal week, made a greater number of errors compared with controls. In an obstacle course, P-IUGR lambs recorded longer trial durations; they also made more errors than control lambs. 7. We conclude that preterm birth in the presence of late- gestational placental insufficiency and IUGR can result in specific effects on respiratory and cardiovascular development after birth, in addition to the effects of IUGR alone.     

急性心肌梗塞患者血浆内皮素水平变化的意义

动态观察２８例急性心肌梗塞患者血浆内皮素及血清肌红蛋白水平的变化，并同时选择１３例不稳定心绞痛患者和１５例健康人做对对照。结果表明、ＡＭＩ组血中ＥＴ及Ｍｂ水平平均于梗塞２４小时之内达峰值，且随病程延长而逐渐下降，７天后降至正常范围；ＡＭＩ组血浆ＥＴ水平显著高于ＵＡ组及正常组，其中ＵＡ组又明显高于正常组；     

瑞芬太尼和丙泊酚联合闭环靶控的临床应用

目的:探讨以脑电双频指数(BIS)、平均动脉压(MBP)、心率(HR)为闭环反馈指标行丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼联合闭环靶控的可行性。方法:40例年龄18~39a,拟行妇科腹腔镜择期手术病人随机分成2组,靶控组设丙泊酚3mg·L-1,瑞芬太尼4μg·L-1的浓度行诱导和维持;闭环靶控组设同样初始浓度,以BIS值(50~60),MBP(8~12kPa),HR(60~100次·min-1)为反馈指标在诱导和麻醉维持过程中进行靶控浓度的反馈调控,术中监测HR,MBP,BIS等指标。结果:术中BIS最高值靶控组为63.7±s2.8,明显高于闭环靶控组的53.3±2.0(P<0.01),且超出所设上限60。插管期靶控组MBP最低值低于闭环靶控组(P<0.05),且低于8kPa;切皮期靶控组MBP最高值明显高于闭环靶控组(P<0.01),且超过12kPa。切皮期靶控组HR最高值明显高于闭环靶控组(P<0.01)。结论:以BIS,MBP和HR作为反馈指标行丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼联合闭环靶控可以更好地维持血流动力学的稳定及适当的麻醉深度。     

Sustained virological response to interferon reduces cirrhosis in chronic hepatitis C: a 1,386-patient study from Taiwan

Background The long‐term benefits of interferon‐based therapy on preventing cirrhosis at non‐cirrhotic stage in chronic hepatitis C patients are not fully clarified. Aim To evaluate the effectiveness of interferon‐based therapy regarding to cirrhosis prevention in non‐cirrhotic chronic hepatitis C patients. Methods A total of 1386 biopsy‐proven, non‐cirrhotic chronic hepatitis C patients (892 received interferon‐based therapy and 494 untreated) were enrolled. Results Fifty‐six untreated and 51 treated (24 sustained virologic responders and 27 non‐responders) patients developed cirrhosis during a mean follow‐up period of 5.0 (1–16) and 5.1 (1–15.3) years, respectively. The annual incidences of cirrhosis in untreated and treated groups were 2.26 and 1.11% (non‐responders: 1.99%, sustained responders: 0.74%), respectively. The 15‐year cumulative incidence of cirrhosis was significantly lower in treated (9.9%) than untreated patients (39.8%, P = 0.0008, log‐rank test). The 14.5‐year cumulative incidence of cirrhosis was significantly lower in sustained responders (4.8%) compared with non‐responders (21.6%, P = 0.0007) and untreated patients (36.6%, P < 0.0001). The difference was not significant between non‐responders and untreated controls. Cox proportional hazards regression showed sustained virologic responders and younger age were independent negative factors for cirrhosis development. Conclusion A sustained virologic response secondary to IFN‐based therapy could reduce cirrhosis development in chronic hepatitis C patients.     

Acute effects of ANP and BNP on hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in humans.

1. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) have pulmonary vasorelaxant activity with plasma concentrations being elevated in patients with hypoxaemic pulmonary hypertension. However, their effects on acute hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV), the initiating stimulus for pulmonary hypertension have not to date been investigated. We have therefore studied the effects of ANP and BNP on acute HPV in humans. 2. Eight healthy volunteers were studied on three separate occasions. After reaching a resting haemodynamic state (t0), an infusion of either ANP (10 pmol kg-1 min-1), BNP (10 pmol kg-1 min-1) or placebo (5% dextrose) was commenced. This was given alone for 30 min (t30) before subjects were rendered hypoxaemic (SaO2 75-80%) for a further 30 min (t60), with the initial infusion continuing to t60. Pulsed-wave Doppler analysis of pulmonary artery flow was used to measure mean pulmonary arterial pressure (MPAP) and hence total pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) was calculated. 3. MPAP and PVR both tended to decrease in response to ANP and BNP infusion, although compared with placebo, the difference at t30 was only statistically significant for PVR. Hypoxaemia increased MPAP and PVR, although values at t60 were significantly lower following both ANP and BNP compared with placebo. 4. In terms of the actual change in PVR (delta PVR) induced by hypoxaemia (from t30 to t60), BNP (146(16) dyn s cm-5), but not ANP (183(21) dyn s cm-5) significantly attenuated delta PVR compared with placebo (194(26) dyns s cm-5): mean difference BNP versus placebo 48 dyn s cm-5, 95% Cl 3-93. An identical pattern was observed for delta MPAP where BNP (15.9(1.1) mmHg), but not ANP (18.0(1.2) mmHg) significantly attenuated delta MPAP compared with placebo (19.0(1.7) mmHg): mean difference BNP versus placebo 3.1 mmHg, 95% Cl 0.7-5.5. 5. Thus, although both ANP and BNP exhibit pulmonary vasorelaxant activity, only BNP significantly attenuated the MPAP and PVR responses to acute hypoxaemia. This suggests that the natriuretic peptides may have a role in attenuating pulmonary hypertension secondary to hypoxaemia.     

Effect of treatment on myocardial performance index (MPI) in chronic severe anaemia

Anaemia is a common ailment in developing countries which imposes mechanical load on heart. Myocardial Performance index (MPI) was evaluated by apex cardiogram (ACG) in 30 patients suffering from chronic severe anaemia (CSA) (with hemoglobin level less than 6 gm% and at least more than 3 months duration) before and after treatment in the age group of 20-40 years and compared with age and sex matched healthy controls. MPI was measured by simultaneous recordings of apex cardiogram, carotid arterial pulse, electrocardiogram and phonocardiogram on four channel polyrite (INCO). There was considerable increase (P<0.001) in heart rate (HR), left ventricular ejection time (ET) (P<0.02), shortening of isovolumic contraction time (ICT) (P<0.001), with no significant change in isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) in anaemia versus controls. On treatment of anaemia HR and ET decreases (P<0.001), ICT increases (P<0.01) without any change in IVRT. Our findings indicate that performance of myocardium is improved after treatment. So treatment should be instituted as early as possible.     

补肺活血胶囊联合布地奈德福莫特罗吸入粉雾剂对慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期合并肺动脉高压的治疗效果研究

目的:探讨补肺活血胶囊联合布地奈德福莫特罗吸入粉雾剂治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期合并肺动脉高压的效果。方法:选取2019年1月至2021年1月该院收治的慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期合并肺动脉高压患者80例,以随机数字表法分为对照组与研究组,每组40例。对照组患者给予常规对症治疗,研究组患者在对照组的基础上给予补肺活血胶囊联合布地奈德福莫特罗吸入粉雾剂治疗。采用慢性阻塞性肺疾病评估量表(CAT)评估患者生活质量;比较两组患者的临床疗效,治疗前后的免疫功能指标水平[T淋巴细胞亚群CD3⁺、CD4⁺和CD8⁺,自然杀伤细胞(NK细胞)]、血气分析指标水平[动脉血氧分压(PaO₂)、动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO₂)和动脉血氧饱和度(SaO₂)]、肺功能指标水平[第1 s用力呼吸容积(FEV₁)、FEV₁/用力肺活量(FVC)和最大呼气流量(PEF)]、肺动脉压力[肺动脉舒张压(PADP)、肺动脉收缩压(PASP)和肺动脉平均压(MPAP)]和6 min步行试验(6MWT)距离。结果:研究组患者的治疗总有效率为87.50%(35/40),与对照组的65.00%(26/40)比较,明显较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗14 d的CD3⁺、CD4⁺、NK细胞、PaO₂、SaO₂、FEV₁、FEV₁/FVC和PEF水平均升高,且研究组患者明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗14 d的CD8⁺、PaCO₂、PADP、PASP和MPAP水平均降低,且研究组患者明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者出院后3个月的6MWT距离均延长,CAT评分均降低;且研究组患者6MWT距离明显长于对照组,CAT评分明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:补肺活血胶囊联合布地奈德福莫特罗吸入粉雾剂治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期合并肺动脉高压,可有效改善患者肺功能、血气水平,降低肺动脉压力,提高免疫功能、运动耐力和生活质量,疗效显著。