野菊花提取物对动物离体子宫的兴奋作用

目的：探讨野菊花不同提取物对大鼠、小鼠、家兔离体子宫平滑肌的兴奋作用.方法：采用常规方法制备动物离体子宫实验材料,用BL-420F生物机能实验系统记录离体子宫平滑肌的活动,以子宫收缩的幅度、频率及收缩力作为指标,观察野菊花提取物对注射己烯雌酚后大鼠、小鼠、家兔离体子宫平滑肌的影响,计算兴奋子宫的IC50.结果：野菊花正丁醇组分、水溶性组分对大鼠、小鼠、家兔离体子宫平滑肌均有明显的兴奋作用,收缩的幅度增高,频率加快,张力增加,并呈量效关系;石油醚组分仅对家兔离体子宫平滑肌有兴奋作用,而对大鼠和小鼠离体子宫平滑肌无兴奋作用.结论：野菊花提取物正丁醇组分及水溶性组分对大鼠、小鼠和家兔离体子宫平滑肌有明显兴奋作用.     

甜茶提取液对家兔、小鼠小肠运动的实验研究

目的观察不同浓度甜茶提取液对家兔离体小肠的收缩活动及对小鼠在体小肠推进运动的影响。方法采用离体肠段实验法和小肠推进运动实验法,观察甜茶提取液对家兔离体小肠收缩活动及小鼠在体小肠推进运动的效应。结果三种浓度甜茶提取液(终浓度:2×10-6g/L、4×10-6g/L、6×10-6g/L),对家兔不同部位离体小肠平滑肌的收缩运动均有抑制作用,使其张力降低,收缩幅度变小(P<0.01),而高剂量组对收缩频率有减少作用(P<0.05);对小鼠在体小肠推进运动有明显的抑制作用(P<0.01)。结论甜茶提取液对离体小肠平滑肌的收缩运动、小鼠在体小肠推进运动均具有明显抑制作用。     

陈皮提取物对小鼠胃排空、肠推进及家兔离体回肠平滑肌的影响

目的研究陈皮提取物对在体小鼠胃排空、肠推进的影响及对家兔离体回肠平滑肌肌条收缩活动的影响。方法将48只昆明小鼠随机分为陈皮提取物高剂量(10mL/kg)、中剂量(5mL/kg)、低剂量(2.5mL/kg)及空白对照(蒸馏水)4个组,每组12只,以胃肠内标记物墨汁在小鼠胃内色素相对残留率及肠推进比为指标,观察提取物对在体小鼠胃排空及肠推进的影响;在离体条件下,以家兔回肠平滑肌肌条的张力和频率为指标,通过不同浓度的陈皮提取物作用于家兔离体回肠平滑肌,观察提取物对离体回肠平滑肌收缩活动的影响。结果陈皮提取物在2.5、5、10mL/kg剂量下都能够提高小鼠胃排空率和促进小肠的推进作用,与对照组相比,差异具有显著性;在离体条件下,陈皮提取物在0.1g/L时能显著降低家兔离体回肠平滑肌的张力和收缩频率;在0.05g/L时也可明显降低平滑肌张力;在0.025g/L时,家兔离体回肠平滑肌的张力、收缩频率无显著性变化。结论陈皮提取物对在体动物胃肠动力具有促进作用,并存在一定的剂量—效应关系,而对离体肠管有一定的抑制作用,其抑制效应可能由胆碱能M受体介导。     

滇虹妇康膏对离体及在体大鼠子宫调节作用的研究

目的 :实验观察滇虹妇康膏对子宫收缩的影响 .方法 :采用文献报道的大鼠离体和在体子宫实验方法 .结果 :滇虹妇康膏体外 (1 5 ,3 0mg生药 /mL)显著增强大鼠离体子宫最大收缩幅度 (P <0 0 5 ) ,显著降低基础张力 (P <0 0 1) ,并在基础张力及最大收缩幅度方面显著对抗垂体后叶激素作用 (P <0 0 5 ) ;滇虹妇康膏 (13 3,2 6 6g生药 /kg)对在体大鼠子宫收缩频率呈双向调节作用 ,同时在收缩频率及收缩幅度方面显著对抗垂体后叶激素作用 (P <0 0 5 ) .结论 :滇虹妇康膏具有调节子宫收缩的作用     

泽泻醇B对豚鼠离体回肠的影响

目的　观察泽泻醇B( 2 3-acetatealisolB)对豚鼠离体回肠收缩的影响。方法　将豚鼠离体回肠悬吊于麦氏浴槽中 ,通过体外给药的方法 ,观察回肠的收缩情况 ,并计算回肠的收缩幅度。结果　浴槽浓度为 1 .2 5× 1 0 -2 mg/mL、1 .2 5×1 0 -3 mg/mL、1 .2 5× 1 0 -4 mg/mL时 ,泽泻醇B对组胺引起的豚鼠离体回肠收缩有对抗作用 ,且随着剂量的增加而增加。结论　泽泻醇B拮抗组胺对离体豚鼠回肠的收缩作用是通过非特异性竞争而发挥的。     

清香桂提取物对胃肠功能影响的实验研究

目的:评价清香桂提取成分对胃肠道平滑肌的作用和对急性胃溃疡的防治作用.方法:采用豚鼠离体回肠、大鼠离体胃底条和十二指肠实验,活性碳法观察对小鼠的肠推进作用,应用盐酸-乙醇致小鼠实验性胃溃疡模型,观察清香桂正丁醇部分和总碱对胃肠道平滑肌收缩功能和对急性胃溃疡的防治作用.结果:清香桂正丁醇部分和总碱对乙酰胆碱和组胺引起的豚鼠离体回肠平滑肌强烈收缩无明显抑制作用,而药物本身可引起回肠平滑肌收缩,并呈浓度依赖性,EC50分别为9.9×10-6和7.3×10-6g/L;对离体大鼠胃肌条亦有明显的收缩作用,其EC50分别为1.65×10-5和4.3×10-6g/L;此外,清香桂总碱尚能增加十二指肠平滑肌的自发收缩幅度,对收缩频率无明显影响;而正丁醇提取物对十二指肠平滑肌的自发收缩幅度和频率均无明显影响.清香桂正丁醇部分和总碱均明显促进小鼠肠蠕动,而对盐酸-乙醇致小鼠实验性胃溃疡无明显的保护作用.结论:提示清香桂提取成分对胃肠道平滑肌有明显的兴奋作用,促进胃肠蠕动,所含甾体生物碱可能是其主要的活性成分.     

Nisoldipine对心血管系统的药理作用及毒性

Nisoldipine 10μg/kg明显缩小家兔心肌梗塞范围,3μg/kg明显降低麻醉狗血压及左室内压,减慢心率,增加冠脉血流量及冠状窦血氧含量;1,3,10μg/kg降低麻醉狗冠脉及椎动脉阻力强于股动脉阻力。1～10μg明显增加离体豚鼠心脏冠脉沉量,抑制心肌收缩振幅,大剂量则减慢心率。2.6×10~(-10)～1×10~(-8)M非竞争性对抗KCl收缩家兔离体主动脉条反应,但不影响去甲肾上腺素所致收缩反应。nisoldipine抑制Cacl_2所致离体兔耳血管收缩反应的IC_(50)为1.7×10~(-11)M,而抑制去甲肾上腺素收缩反应的JC_(50)为4.0×10~(-4)M。小鼠灌胃LD_(50)为292±32mg/kg。     

妇血宁药理作用初探（Ⅱ）

妇血宁3mg/ml有兴奋大鼠离体子宫平滑肌作用,生物效价测定表明1mg妇血宁收缩大鼠和小鼠子宫肌的作用强度与5×10~(-5)u和1.8×10~(-5)u的垂体后叶素相当。2mg/ml妇血宁松弛豚鼠气管条和家兔回肠平滑肌,对蟾蜍心脏有兴奋作用。猫静脉注射妇血宁500mg/kg血压先升后降,心率加快,未见其致敏作用。     

白萝卜提取物对小鼠胃排空、肠推进及家兔离体回肠平滑肌的影响

目的:研究白萝卜提取物(Raphanus sativus extract,Ecr)对在体小鼠胃排空及肠推进的影响及对家兔离体回肠平滑肌条收缩活动的影响.方法:通过水煮蒸发的方法,制备得到白萝卜提取物;将48只昆明小鼠随机分为白萝卜提取物高剂量(20 mL/kg)、中剂量(10 mL/kg)、低剂量(5 mL/kg)组及...     

二氢石蒜碱对家兔心室乳头肌及血管平滑肌收缩的影响

目的 :观察二氢石蒜碱 (dihydrolycorine ,DL)对家兔心室乳头肌的作用。方法 :采用家兔离体右心室乳头肌(PM)、胸主动脉 (TA)及基底动脉 (BA)标本 ,记录药物对其张力的影响。结果 :DL或Nim对电刺激诱发PM的收缩均有剂量依赖性抑制作用 ,其IC50 值分别为 (1.4 5± 0 .89)× 10 -3 mol·L-1、(1.30± 0 .4 5 )× 10 -6mol·L-1;KCl(6 0mmol·L-1)、NA(0 .1mmol·L-1)所致TA及BA收缩 ,DL使之呈剂量依赖性松弛 ,其IC50 值对TA分别为 (2 .91± 0 .99)× 10 -3mol·L-1、(1.4 9± 0 .5 9)× 10 -3 mol·L-1;对BA分别为 (3.4 1± 1.5 2 )× 10 -3 mol·L-1、(6 .6 9± 3.12 )× 10 -4mol·L-1,DL拮抗NA所致基底动脉收缩作用明显强于KCl(P <0 .0 1)。Nim对KCl所致收缩的抑制显著强于对NA(P <0 .0 1) ;DL对电刺激诱发PM收缩的IC50 值低于KCl所致TA、BA收缩IC50 值 ,且显著高于NA所致BA收缩IC50 值 ,低于NA所致TA收缩IC50 值。结论 :DL对电刺激所致PM的收缩具有抑制作用 ,其作用机制可能为抑制PDC、ROC ,且抑制作用ROC >PDC。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.