125I抗AFP抗体在肝癌病人体内的药代动力学观察

目的：用＾１２５Ｉ标记抗ＡＦＰ多克隆抗体治疗１２例原发性肝癌患者，观察其药代动力学特征。方法：用改良氯胺－Ｔ法制备＾１２５Ｉ－抗ＡＦＰ抗体，标记率为６５％～８３％，比放射性为５５．５～７４ＭＢｑ／ｍｇ（ＩｇＧ）。全部病便采用Ｓｅｌｄｉｎｇｅｒ插管技术，经肝动脉注射给药。给药后在不同时间点采集外周静脉血测放射活性。所得数据用计算机程序ＰＫ－ＧＲＡＰＨ模拟出＾１２５Ｉ－抗ＡＦＰ抗体的药代动力学模型、血     

^125I—抗AFP放射免疫治疗原发性肝癌临床观察

将纯化抗ＡＦＰ多抗，用氯胺Ｔ氧化法标记＾１２５Ｉ，得＾１２５Ｉ－抗ＡＦＰ抗体进行导向治疗不能切除的肝癌２２例。均经静脉滴注。全组＾１２５Ｉ中位剂量为２８９．３（１００．３－７０８．９）ＭＢｑ，抗ＡＦＰ抗体的ＩｇＧ量为５．２ｍｇ。     

~（125）I－抗AFP放射免疫治疗原发性肝癌临床观察

将纯化抗ＡＦＰ多抗，用氯胺Ｔ氧化法标记￣（１２５）Ｉ，得￣（１２５）Ｉ－抗ＡＦＰ抗体进行导向治疗不能切除的肝癌２２例。均经静脉滴注。全组￣（１２５）Ｉ中位剂量为２８９．３（１００．３～７０８．９）ＭＢｑ，抗ＡＦＰ抗体的ＩｇＧ量为５．２ｍｇ（１．８～１２．８ｍｇ）。可评价疗效１９例，有效率为３１．６％（ＣＲ５．３％，ＰＲ２６．３％），总有效率（ＣＲ＋ＰＲ＋ＭＲ）为４２．１％，肿瘤缩小率为６３．２％（１２／１９）、ＡＦＰ下降率６４．７％（１１／１７），６例转阴，治后１年生存率为４７．１％（８／１７），７例尚存活，５例存括１４～３３个月。治疗耐受良好，毒副反应轻微。￣（１２５）Ｉ半衰期长，射线穿透力短，对正常组织扰乱少，使用方便，防护较简便，具有显著实用价值。     

^125I—抗AFP制备的研究

用亲和层析法提纯马抗ＡＦＰ，采用氯胺Ｔ改良法标记＾１２５Ｉ，经ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ５０柱分 离，以ｒ计数与紫外同步监测进行标记物的收集。并对＾１２５Ｉ－抗ＡＦＰ制备方法及其稳定性等进行探讨和测定。     

^125I—抗AFP的质量和安全性检定

应用三氯醋酸法、琼脂糖免疫扩散法、细菌培养、鲎试验、动物安全试验等方法检定＾１２５Ｉ－抗ＡＦＰ的质量和安全性。检定结果：＾１２５Ｉ－抗ＡＦＰ为无色、透明、澄清的液体，ｐＨ值为６．５，放化纯度为９８％，放射比为５５．５ｍＢｑ／ｍｇ抗体蛋白，细菌培养无菌生长，鲎试验阴性，抗体活性及贮存稳定性良好，动物安全试验合格。检定方法简便、快速、敏感、特异。     

~（125）I─抗AFP的质量和安全性检定

应用三氯醋酸法、琼脂糖免疫扩散法、细菌培养、鲎试验、动物安全试验等方法检定￣（１２５）Ｉ－抗ＡＦＰ的质量和安全性。检定结果：￣（１２５）Ｉ－抗ＡＦＰ为无色、透明、澄清的液体，ｐＨ值为６．５，放化纯度为９８％，放射比为５５．５ｍＢｑ／ｍｇ抗体蛋白，细菌培养无菌生长，鲎试验阴性，抗体活性及贮存稳定性良好，动物安全试验合格。检定方法简便、快速、敏感、特异。     

碱性成纤维细胞生长因子的放射免疫分析

建立及评价碱性成纤维细胞生长因子的＾１２５Ｉ标及放射免疫分析方法。方法：采用氨胺Ｔ经法进行ｂＦＧＦ＾１２５Ｉ标记，并以双抗体－ＰＥＧ的ＲＩＡ测定家兔血清ｂＦＧＦ水平。结果：＾１２５Ｉ标记ｂＦＧＦ的碘利用率为８１．９８％，比放射性为３．０３ＭＢｑ／μｇ，放化纯度达９５．０％以上；ｂＦＧＦ放免分析灵敏度可达０．４ｎｇ。结论：本研究为ｂＦＧＦ的＾１２５Ｉ标记及定量测定提供了简便可靠的方法。     

用快速斑点免疫金渗滤法检测抗双链DNA抗体

目的为了提供一种简便、快速、可靠的检测抗双链ＤＮＡ（ｄｓ－ＤＮＡ）抗体的新方法。方法将生物素化的质粒ｄｓ－ＤＮＡ结合于包被了亲和素的硝酸纤维素（ＮＣ）膜上，以胶体金标记的葡萄球菌蛋白Ａ（ＳＰＡ）作为显示剂，建立了一种检测抗ｄｓ－ＤＮＡ抗体的快速斑点免疫金渗滤法（ＤＩＧＦＡ）。结果ＤＩＧＦＡ对未经选择的系统性红斑狼疮（ＳＬＥ）和活动性ＳＬＥ的阳性率分别为６７．２％和９５．９％；对非ＳＬＥ的自身免疫病患者的阳性率仅为２．９％；正常人未见假阳性。与短膜虫免疫荧光法（ＣＬ．ＩＦＡ）、放射免疫法（Ｆａｒ）、酶联免疫吸附法（ＥＬＩＳＡ）和斑点免疫结合法（ＤＩＢＡ）四种方法比较，ＤＩＧＦＡ的敏感性优于ＣＬ．ＩＦＡ、ＥＬＩＳＡ和ＤＩＢＡ，特异性优于Ｆａｒ和ＥＬＩＳＡ。结论ＤＩＧＦＡ快速、简便，整个检测过程只需２分钟，不需特殊设备，是一种值得推广的检测抗ｄｓ－ＤＮＡ抗体的常规方法。     

抗人AFP－R－LCA McAb在裸鼠人肝癌模型中放免显像及治疗

放射性核素~（１３１）Ｉ标记的抗人小扁豆凝集素结合型甲胎蛋白异质体（ＡＦＰ－Ｒ－ＬＣＡ）ＭｃＡｂ，注入荷瘤裸鼠腹腔后，能在裸鼠人肝癌模型肿瘤区积聚，其放射性核素浓度是裸鼠肝脏的５．２倍；而~（１３１）Ｉ标记的正常小鼠ＩｇＧ（ｍＩｇＧ）及游离~（１３１）Ｉ却无肿瘤区积聚，且在荷瘤裸鼠体内呈均匀分布。~（１３１）Ｉ－ＡＦＰ－Ｒ－ＬＣＡＭｃＡｂ组γ照像均显示出裸鼠人肝癌的阳性定位。用~（１３１）Ｉ－ＡＦＰ－Ｒ－ＬＣＡＭｃＡｂ治疗裸鼠人肝癌，肿瘤生长受到明显抑制（８５．０％），优于~（１３１）Ｉ－ｍＩｇＧ及游离~（１３１）Ｉ（４６．０％、２０；１％，Ｐ＜０．０５）．结果表明：ＡＦＰ－Ｒ－ＬＣＡＭｃＡｂ对人肝癌细胞有较强的亲和力和特异性，有希望成为肝癌导向研究的理想载体。     

几种阿魏酸衍生物高分子药物对血小板聚集和血栓素B_2、6-酮-前列腺素F_(Ⅰα)产生的影响

目的通过测定兔血小板聚集和血栓素Ｂ２（ＴＸＢ２）、６－酮－前列腺素Ｆ_(Ⅰα)（６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ_(Ⅰα)）的含量,比较观察阿魏酸（Ｆ）、吲哚美辛（Ｉ）、阿魏酸－吲哚美辛结合物（ＦＩ）和阿魏酸－吲哚美辛－淀粉高分子载体衍生物（ＦＩＳ）在抗血栓方面的药理作用特点。方法用比浊法和放免法测定Ｆ、Ｉ、ＦＩ和ＦＩＳ在体外对兔血小板聚集和对ＴＸＢ２,６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ_(１α)生成的影响。结果Ｆ、Ｉ、ＦＩ和ＦＩＳ显著地抑制ＡＤＰ和ＡＡ诱导的兔血小板聚集和ＴＸＢ_２,６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ_(Ⅰα)的产生。在 １２．５－２４０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ的剂量范围内,对血小板聚集的抑制率, Ｆ为 １１．３％－３１．８％（ＡＤＰ诱导）和 ３.３％－１８．５％（ＡＡ诱导）、Ｉ为３％－３４．３％（ＡＤＰ诱导）和２％－２０．２％（ＡＡ诱导）、ＦＩ为５．０％－５９．３％（ＡＤＰ诱导）和０．３％－６３．１％（ＡＡ诱导）、ＦＩＳ为３.１％－３９．１％（ＡＤＰ诱导）和１．５％－３９.６％（ＡＡ诱导）。剂量为 ２４０.０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ时对ＴＸＢ_２和６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ_(Ⅰα)产生的抑制率, Ｆ为 １４．８％和 １.２％、Ⅰ为 ２４.９％和 ２６．２％、 ＦＩ为 ４０.６％和２９．３％     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.