精神科护士心理健康状况分析

目的了解精神科护士心理健康状况。方法用症状自评量表(SCL-90),对芜湖市精神病医院30名护士进行调查。结果精神科护士SCL-90量表阳性项目平均分、人际关系、精神病性因子分低于中国常模,其它各因子分两者无统计学差异。结论精神科护士心理健康状况较好。     

87例女性劳教吸毒人员心理健康水平分析

目的了解女性劳教吸毒人员的心理健康状况及其相关因素。方法对山西某劳教所女性吸毒人员进行90项症状清单(SCL-90)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)的调查。结果女性吸毒人员SAS(45.46±9.549)、SDS(50.52±10.609)分、SCL-90总均分(1.85±0.416)分及各因子均比常模高(P0.001)。除文化和职业无显著差异之外,已婚的女性焦虑评分、躯体化因子、强迫因子分数均高于未婚和离婚的女性,且差异显著(P0.05);吸毒时间长于10年的女性焦虑评分、SCL-90总均分、躯体化、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性因子均高于吸毒少于10年的女性(P0.05)。结论女性吸毒人员心理健康状况较差,呼吁社会关注和加强女性吸毒人员的心理治疗。     

精神科护士心理健康状况调查分析

目的 了解精神科护士心理健康状况.方法 采用症状自评量表(SCL- 90)对无锡市精神卫生中心76名精神科护士进行调查.结果 精神科护士SCL- 90各因子评分中躯体化、抑郁、敌对、恐怖、焦虑、偏执因子分较中国常模均有显著升高(P＜0.05).结论 精神科护士存在一定的心理健康问题.     

唐山地区产科护士心理健康状况的调查研究

目的了解唐山地区产科护士心理健康状况.方法采用整群抽样的方法,随机抽取唐山地区16所医院的292名产科护士为观察组,387名非产科护士为对照组,应用焦虑自评量表（SAS）、症状自评量表（SCL-90）进行问卷调查.结果两组SCL-90各因子分、SAS标准分比较,未见统计学差异（P〉0.05）.结论产科护士与非产科护士比较,心理健康水平趋于一致.     

精神科护工心理健康状况调查

目的 了解精神科护工心理健康状况.方法 采用症状自评量表(SCL- 90)对无锡市精神卫生中心95名精神科护工进行调查.结果 精神科护工SCL- 90评分中,躯体化、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、偏执因子分较中国常模有显著差异(P＜0.05);恐怖因子分较中国常模有非常显著性差异(t＝6.12,P＜0.01);精神病性因子分较...     

女性精神分裂症患者配偶心理状况的调查

目的：探讨女性精神分裂病患者配偶的心理健康状况。方法：对173例女性患者配偶采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)，抑郁自评量表(SDS)进行测评。并以60例与这相匹配的非女性精神病的配偶为对照。结果：女性患者配偶SCL-90总分及各因子分均高于对照组，心理健康水平与社会支持水平呈负相关。城市与农村患者配偶除抑郁、焦虑、敌对、人际敏感，因子分外，总分及其余各因子分比较差异无显著性。且两组SAS、SDS总分和标准分均有差异。结论：女性精神分裂症配偶存在不同程度的心理问题．与社会支持、文化经济状况等有显著关系，城市患者配偶存在更多的心理问题。     

Mental Health Status of Medical Students in Different Grades

目的 了解不同年级医学生心理健康状况的差异,为其心理健康教育工作及心理卫生干预提供科学依据.方法 采用症状自评量表(SCL- 90)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁状态问卷(DSI)、人际信任量表(ITS)、社交回避及苦恼量表(SAD)抽样调查陕西省共计2770名医学生.结果 ①SCL- 90中除敌对因子外,其他各项因子结果均显示一年级医学生高于三年级医学生,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.001);②SAS得分没有显著性差异(t=-1.75,P＞0.05);③DSI得分显示有显著性差异(t=-4.89,P＜0.001);④ITS得分显示有显著性差异(t=-2.08,P＜0.05)⑤SAD得分显示有显著性差异(t=-3.32,P＜0.001).结论 不同年级医学生的心理健康状况存在差异,在医学生的素质教育中必须针对学生不同的心理特点,有针对地开展心理健康教育.     

86名精神科护士心理健康状况调查分析

目的了解精神科护士的心理健康状况。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对我院86名精神科护士进行测试,并与常模比较。结果①精神科护士SCL-90各因子评分均高于常模,其中强迫因子差异显著(t=2.15,P<0.05),躯体化症状、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖因子差异非常显著(t=2.74～3.09,P<0.01);②男护士SCL-90人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖因子评分较女护士差异显著(t=2.03～2.22,P<0.05);③30岁以下护士组的SCL-90躯体化症状、人际关系、焦虑、恐怖因子分明显高于31岁以上护士组,差异显著(t=2.04～2.31,P<0.05)。结论精神科护士的心理健康状况较差,尤其是男护士的心理健康状况偏重,30岁以下护士的心理健康状况较31岁以上者差。     

综合性心理干预对新兵心理健康水平的影响

目的:了解部队新兵的心理健康水平,通过综合性心理干预提高他们的心理健康水平和战斗力。方法:选用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)等了解其心理健康状况,并运用多种形式组合的综合性心理干预。结果:采取综合性心理干预后新兵焦虑情绪的发生率由干预前35.34%下降为21.64%(χ2=16.81,P<0.01);抑郁情绪的发生率由干预前26.85%降为15.62%(χ2=14.89,P<0.01);SCL-90各因子分分析提示各种心理问题的发生率均有不同程度的下降,以焦虑、人际敏感、抑郁、强迫、敌对、躯体化明显;SCL-90焦虑、躯体化、抑郁、人际敏感、强迫等因子分明显低于干预前(P<0.05)。结论:通过综合性心理干预对提高和维护新兵的心理健康水平、保障部队的战斗力有积极意义。     

运动疗法对神经症治疗的研究

目的　探讨运动疗法对神经症治疗的疗效。方法　采用精神症状自评量表 (SCL-90 )、焦虑自评量表 (SAS)和抑郁自评量表 (SDS)对 45例神经症患者进行治疗前后测试 ,通过平均疗程 2 8天的运动疗法治疗 ,进行对照分析。结果　经临床疗效评定 ,痊愈 1 4例 ,显好 2 0例 ,好转 6例 ,显效 75 .5 6% ,有效 88.89%。另外在 SCL-90各项因子及 SAS、SDS评分上 ,除了敌对、偏执两因子有显著差异 (P<0 .0 5 )外 ,其余治疗前后差异性非常显著 (P<0 .0 1 )。结论　运动疗法作为一种简便易行、副作用少的心理治疗方法应得到重视和推广     

综合医院医生心理健康状况调查

目的：了解综合医院医生心理健康状况.方法：采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）调查了综合医院的328名医生.结果：综合医院的医生中至少1个因子平均分大于3分者占27.74%;综合医院医生的SCL-90各因子得分除恐怖因子外,其他因子分均高于国内正常人的水平,差异均有显著性（P＜0.05）;女医生在躯体化、人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌意、偏执因子上的得分均高于男医生,男医生在强迫因子上的得分高于女医生,且差异都具有显著性（P＜0.05）;急诊科和外科医生的SCL-90各因子得分明显高于内科和精神科医生.结论：综合医院的医生尤其是急诊科和外科医生存在明显的心理卫生问题,应该引起社会的重视.     

综合医院医护人员对精神疾病认知调查

目的调查医护人员对精神疾病知识掌握、疾病处理等现状,为精神疾病的识别、处理、监管中所遇到的问题提供解决的方法和数据。方法采用横断面抽样调查法,通过问卷调查762人,分4组对比分析:三级医院、二级医院、社区及镇级卫生院、乡村医生。结果对精神疾病知识了解三级医院医护人员达到62.6%,社区及镇卫生院59.4%,二级医院57.7%,乡村医生55.2%。对ICD诊断系统了解居首位,不同级别医院存在显著差异(χ2=8.40,P0.05),用药仍以氯氮平、五氟利多为主,对新型药品运用率低。知识来源以自学为主。结论综合医院医护人员对精神疾病认知水平低,急需加强精神疾病专业知识学习。     

The health and health care of doctors

A postal survey of 1,500 doctors who had qualified between 1935 and 1959 and were in active practice in Great Britian elicited 988 replies (a 66 per cent response rate). Nine hundred and thirty-two of the replies were suitable for analysis. There were few differences between hospital doctors and general practitioners in reported medical histories: respiratory tuberculosis had occurred more often among hospital doctors; other respiratory diseases were slightly more common among general practitioners, as were diseases of the digestive tract.

The view held by some members of the profession that doctors receive poor medical care was not confirmed. There is, however, cause for disquiet at the possible consequences of self-treatment and the financial implications of illness.

     

Change in Attitude for Better Health in British Hospital Doctors?

A pilot study investigated the correlation in 100 hospital doctors (average age 51 years), between overall hostility score, hostility subset scores, exercise stress testing, age, total blood cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein (HDL), and glucose levels. The mean hostility score (15.91) was higher in U.K. hospital doctors compared with U.S. doctors (14.65) and U.S. lawyers (13.00). Moreover, 64% of U.K. doctors had a hostility score in the top two quartiles, compared with 47% and 45% for U.S. doctors and lawyers, respectively. Cynicism scored highest in rank, followed by aggressive responding and neuroticism. All blood tests and crdiovascular status were normal. There was no relationship between hostility or its subsets and any of the physiological or biochemical indicators investigated.     

A comparison of hospital and general practice blood pressure readings using a shared-care record card

Shared-care blood pressure record cards were issued to 149 consecutive hypertensive patients attending our hospital clinic. In 108 (72.5 per cent), general practitioners entered readings they had obtained onto the cards. The use of the record card has proved helpful in the management of patients, and we are encouraged by the co-operation of the family doctors.

A comparison of blood pressures measured in hospital and in general practice showed that general practitioners found systolic pressures to be an average of 5.5 mm Hg lower than hospital doctors, but there were no differences in diastolic pressure. In many cases, wide discrepancies were found both in hospital and general practice. We conclude that it is a myth that patients' blood pressures are lower when they consult their family doctor, or that outpatient blood pressure readings are falsely elevated by the stress of hospital attendance.

     

Images of health and medical science conveyed by television

Content analysis was carried out on medical programmes on BBC television over a three-month period. Television medical programmes were shown to concentrate on hospital-based, technological and expert-dependent issues at the expense of primary care and community health. Images of technology, the hospital and the hospital specialist were found to predominate. Issues such as the family, preventive care, housing and the environment were rarely raised. Doctors appeared and spoke in 94 per cent of programmes, whereas nurses were seen (although not necessarily heard) in 30 per cent. Of 70 doctors interviewed on television, nearly three quarters were hospital doctors or scientists. Only one doctor was explicitly referred to as a general practitioner.     

综合医院医生神经症防治知识知晓情况调查

目的了解西安市各级综合医院医生对神经症相关知识的知晓率,为神经症的早期诊治提供依据。方法采用问卷调查的方式,对西安市3所不同级别综合医院371名医生进行神经症知识知晓情况进行调查。结果 70%以上的医生听说过广泛焦虑障碍、强迫症、社交焦虑障碍、惊恐障碍,45.6%～69.0%的医生能够列举出不同神经症临床表现。能对神经症做出诊断、治疗及能列举出治疗药物的比例分别为37.7%、32.1%和41.0%。三级医院医生神经症知识知晓率高于二级和一级医院(P<0.01)。神经症知识的来源以广播、电视或录像、报纸、杂志为主。结论综合医院应通过多种途径增强对医生神经症知识的宣传教育,提高医生早发现神经症患者的能力,以使患者能够早诊断和早治疗。     

学籍制管理下乡村医生培训满意度及需求的调查分析

了解进行学籍制管理下乡村医生对区级医院组织乡村医生培训项目的满意度,并进一步了解对培训的需求,推进乡村医生医生培训工作更加规范化、合理化。方法 采用自制的乡村医生培训授课满意度调查表及培训需求调查表,选取在我院进行培训的15个社区卫生服务中心的153名乡村医生进行问卷调查。结果 乡村医生对培训的总体满意度为86.47%,较培训前有所提高。92.16%的人希望培训以理论结合实践的形式,42.48%的人希望能安排在门诊轮转2~4周,只有24.83%的希望在病房轮转。在培训内容的需求上关注农村常见病多发病、针灸、推拿等方面知识的培训占90.20%。结论 学籍制管理下的乡村医生培训顺应了广大乡医的迫切需求,能够促进乡村医生的医疗水平。     

医生、护士、患者评价优秀临床护士的差异性研究

从优秀临床护士的评价入手 ,通过护士的合作者 :医生 ,护理工作服务对象 :患者及护士自身对优秀临床护士进行评价 ,明确临床护理工作对护士的要求 ,从而确定优秀的临床护士所应当具有的特质 ,并为优秀临床护士评价提供实证性的建议。1　对象与方法1.1　被试取样本研究选取新疆地区不同医院 ,不同科室的医生、护士、患者作为被试。被试来自 :新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院 ,友谊医院 ,新疆维吾尔自治区昌吉州医院 ,新疆石河子大学医学院附属第一临床学院 ,石河子市人民医院 ,石河子市纺织医院 ,石河子市通联医院。发放问卷 2 0 0 0份 ,回收有效问…     

Parasuicide assessment in the emergency department

Parasuicide is an important predictor of future suicide. We collected information on all parasuicides presenting to the emergency department of a general hospital over a 3-month period. We examined detection rates, referral patterns and compared emergency department risk assessments of parasuicide with those of the psychiatric liaison team. We detected 123 parasuicides. One hundred and five (85.4%) were detected in the emergency department. Ninety-five (77.2%) were referred to the liaison psychiatry service. Liaison psychiatric risk assessment agreed with emergency department risk assessment in all cases that emergency doctors judged to be at low risk of suicide. However in cases that emergency doctors judged to be high risk the liaison assessment agreed in only 38.5% of cases. Emergency doctors appear to be appropriately cautious in their assessment of risk. However, parasuicides regularly go undetected in hospital and are not always referred for psychiatric evaluation when detected. More training in the detection, assessment and management of parasuicide is required for emergency doctors.