手术治疗股骨远端后髁冠状面骨折

目的探讨股骨远端后髁冠状面骨折的临床特点和治疗方法。方法对13例股骨远端后髁冠状面骨折患者采用切开复位螺钉内固定术治疗。结果 13例均获随访,时间12～28个月。骨折均愈合,时间4～10个月。关节活动度100°～125°。功能恢复按照Letenneur et al方法进行评价:优7例,良2例,可4例。结论对于股骨远端后髁冠状面骨折积极行手术治疗,有利于恢复股骨髁的解剖结构和关节面的完整性和平整性,有利于膝关节早期功能锻炼,避免关节僵硬。     

空心钉治疗股骨外髁冠状面骨折

2009年8月～2010年12月,我科应用空心钉治疗11例股骨外髁冠状面骨折患者,取得良好疗效。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组11例,男8例,女3例,年龄18～56岁。均为闭合性骨折。骨折按Letenneur et al分类[1]:Ⅰ型2例,Ⅱ型8例,Ⅲ型1例。术前患者均     

股骨髁冠状面骨折的分型与治疗

目的 探讨股骨髁冠状面骨折的分型与治疗方法。方法 对1999年3月-2005年12月治疗的9例（12髁）股骨髁冠状面骨折患者，采用改良Letenneur分型：Ⅰ型5例6髁，Ⅱ型2例2髁，Ⅲ型2例4髁。根据骨折类型和伤情特点分别行前外（内）侧、后外（内）侧及膝前马蹄形切口入路显露，直视下复位，松质骨拉力螺钉或克氏针内固定。结果 所有患者获得6个月～2年随访，骨折均获骨性愈合，愈合时间为6～12周，无骨不愈合及骨坏死发生。根据Letenneur等的Hoffa骨折术后功能评估标准：优良5例，可4例。结论 切开复位拉力螺钉内固定是治疗股骨髁冠状面骨折的主要方法，Ⅰ、Ⅲ型骨折宜用前外侧或内侧入路，Ⅱ型骨折则宜用后外侧或内侧入路。合并伸膝装置损伤的双髁骨折，则膝前马蹄形切口显露较充分。     

关节镜下撬拨复位内固定治疗股骨髁冠状面骨折

目的探讨关节镜监视下行骨折块撬拨复位空心钉内固定治疗股骨髁冠状面骨折的临床效果。方法2000年2月至2007年9月,在关节镜监视下行骨折块撬拨复位空心钉内固定治疗11例股骨髁冠状面骨折患者,男8例,女3例;年龄22～53岁,平均32．8岁;内髁骨折2例,外髁骨折9例。其中9例外侧髁骨折根据Letenneur分类,Ⅱa1例、Ⅱb3例、Ⅱc型5例。结果手术时间30～60min,平均45min。全部获得随访,随访时间1—3年,平均25．6月。骨折均临床愈合,愈合时间8～15月,平均11．3月。结论关节镜监视下行骨折块撬拨复位空心钉内固定治疗股骨髁冠状面骨折的临床效果满意。     

股骨远端髁上-髁间骨折合并冠状面骨折

背景：孤立的股骨远端髁冠状面骨折（Hoffa骨折）十分罕见，其诊断困难，在治疗上也存在争议。股骨远端髁上骨折合并冠状面骨折也很少发生。此项研究的目的就是明确股骨远端髁上-髁间骨折合并股骨髁冠状面骨折的机率．并描述m这些损伤的影像学表现。方法：对189例患者的202个股骨远端髁上-髁间骨折进行临床和影像学回顾性评估。结果：在202个股骨远端髁上-髁间骨折中有77个（38．1％）诊断合并有冠状面骨折。在这些冠状面骨折中有59个（76．6％）只累及单髁，18个累及了股骨内和外髁累及单髁的冠状面骨折中有85％位于外髁。股骨远端开放骨折合并冠状面骨折的可能性是闭合骨折患者的2．8倍（95％可信区间，1．54～5．25）。在102个进行CT检查的膝关节中有47％被诊断出冠状面骨折，与其相比，在100个未行CT检查的膝关节中，其诊出率只有29％（p=0．008）。术前未被诊断出的10个冠状面骨折只是在术中固定股骨远端骨折时才明确诊断，且这些病例术前均未行过CT检查。结论：冠状面骨折经常与高能的股骨远端髁上-髁间骨折合并发生；在本研究中，合并冠状面骨折的发生率为38％。外髁较内髁更易受累。累及双髁的冠状面骨折也很常见，并且大多数冠状面骨折伴有开放伤口。加上了冠状面骨折的诊断使股骨远端髁上-髁间骨折的外科治疗的策略和方法发生改变，因此，术前对股骨远端损伤者，特别当合并有开放损伤时，竭力推荐进行CT扫描。     

股骨髁上及髁间骨折合并髌骨冠状面与矢状面骨折一例报告

患者男，１９岁。从高处坠落左膝跪姿着地３０min后入院。查体：左膝上呈“台阶样”畸形，膝关节及大腿下段肿胀，股骨髁上有异常活动，有髌骨骨擦感，浮髌试验（＋），膝内外分离试验及前后抽屉试验因患者疼痛而无法配合检查，髋关节、踝关节活动良好，足背、胫后动脉搏动有力     

髁髓内针治疗股骨髁部骨折28例报告

目的 :评价股骨髁上髓内针治疗股骨髁部骨折的效果和适应证。方法 :选取 2 8例股骨髁部骨折 ,根据AO分型 ,A1型 6例 ,A2型 1 0例 ,A3型 2例 ,C1型 8例 ,C2型 1例 ,C3型 1例 ,闭合复位或有限切口或广泛切开复位采用股骨髁上髓内针固定。结果 :骨折全部愈合 ,膝关节活动平均为 1 1 0°,术后无感染发生 ,有 1例尾钉稍退出。结论 :股骨髁上髓内针系治疗股骨髁部骨折的一种较理想方法 ,特别适用于AO分型中A型和C1骨折     

少见的股骨外侧髁骨折1例报告

目的 报道1例少见的股骨外侧髁骨折,介绍其诊疗经验。方法 患者,男性,21岁,因“高处坠落后右膝部疼痛、活动受限1小时”入院,经体查、膝关节正侧位X片、CT及MRI检查诊断为股骨外侧髁骨折。完善术前准备后于伤后第二天在全麻下行股骨外侧髁骨折切开复位内固定术。术中见骨折块位于股骨外侧髁前下方,向后上移位,予以复位骨折块,埋头空心钉垂直加压,抗滑钢板固定。结果 手术顺利,术后3 d出院。术后3月门诊随访,已弃拐行走,CT检查提示骨折愈合。膝关节Neer评分为96分,HSS评分为98分,膝关节功能等级为“优”。结论 青年股骨远端骨折往往为高能量损伤,术前应仔细查体并完善X线摄片、CT、MRI检查,制定完善的手术方案,术中解剖复位、坚强内固定,术后早期康复锻炼,才能取得满意的临床效果。按现有的股骨远端骨折分类标准不能涵盖此种骨折,故其分类标准有待完善,以帮助骨科医生更好地理解和规范治疗此类骨折。     

股骨外侧髁冠状面骨折的手术治疗

目的 探讨前外侧入路切开复位内固定治疗股骨外侧髁冠状面骨折的方法及临床疗效.方法 采用前外侧入路切开复位,松质骨拉力螺钉或联合防滑动钢板内固定治疗股骨外侧髁冠状面骨折11例.结果 本组随访8～36个月,骨折全部愈合,未见切口感染及骨坏死.膝关节功能参照Letenneur评定标准:优7例.良3例,差1例.结论 前外侧入路切开复位内固定治疗股骨外侧髁冠状面骨折是一种安全有效的治疗方法,拉力螺钉联合防滑动钢板可以较好地克服骨折端的剪切应力,避免了内固定螺钉的松动.     

股骨远端髁钢板治疗股骨髁部复杂型骨折

[目的]探讨股骨远端髁钢板治疗股骨髁部复杂型骨折的优点。[方法]本组16例股骨髁部复杂型骨折，按AO分类，C1型3例，C2型9例，C3型4例，均采用股骨远端髁钢板治疗。[结果]16例均获随访，随访6—24个月，平均12个月，16例骨折全部愈合。术后2周即行膝关节功能锻炼，按Noyes的评分标准，优6例，良7例，可3例，优良率达81．31％。[结论]选择股骨远端髁钢板治疗股骨髁部复杂型骨折，是一种较为行之有效的方法。     

Twenty-seven-year nonunion of a Hoffa fracture in a 46-year-old patient

A Hoffa fracture is an uncommon clinical entity typically seen in adults after high-energy trauma. Nonunion of a Hoffa fracture appears to be even more uncommon. To our knowledge, only three cases of nonunion of a Hoffa fracture have been documented in the literature to date, including two children and one adult. This article presents a case of an adult who had nonunion of a Hoffa fracture for 27 years and was treated by open reduction and internal fixation, and the varus deformity corrected with xenogenous bone graft. An excellent result has been achieved to date. This unusual case reminds us that we cannot neglect the possibility of nonunion of a cancellous bone fracture, especially the Hoffa fractures of the medial femoral condyle if they are treated nonoperatively. It also demonstrates that internal fixation with bone graft is effective, even for the 27-year Hoffa fracture.     

Hoffa fracture associated with ipsilateral femoral shaft fracture: clinical feature and treatment

Hoffa fracture associated with ipsilateral femoral shaft fracture is very rare.Three cases of this rare type of injury were retrospectively reviewed.The sites of femoral shaft fractures and Hoffa fractures were documented.All femoral shaft fractures were managed with internal fixation.The rate of misdiagnosis for the Hoffa fractures was documented.Functions of the affected knees were evaluated according to the modified Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) scores at two years follow-up.Femoral fractures were either transverse or composite in all three cases.Ipsilateral Hoffa fractures occurred at medial condyle in two cases,and lateral condyle in one case.Only one Hoffa fracture was identified preoperatively.All the femoral shaft fractures healed uneventfully.In the patient whose Hoffa fracture was correctly diagnosed,the modified HSS score was 94.In another patient,whose Hoffa fracture was treated by a second operation,the modified HSS score was 93.And in the third case,who refused additional operation for the Hoffa fracture,the modified HSS score was only 70.Conclusively femoral shaft fracture can be associated with ipsilateral Hoffa fracture,especially in motorcycle accident.This type of injury is very rare and misdiagnosis is common.     

Hoffa骨折的治疗

股骨单髁或双髁冠状面骨折,在四肢骨折中发生率低,但其属关节内骨折,合理的治疗关系到膝关节功能的恢复,故值得重视.1996年1月～2005年10月,我科收治Hoffa骨折患者12例,10例切开复位内固定,2例非手术治疗,均取得较好效果.     

手法复位外固定治疗肱骨外科颈骨折

2008年5月至2010年5月我院采取维吾尔医手法复位外固定治疗肱骨外科颈骨折取得良好效果,现总结报告如下。     

A case report of the Hoffa fracture and a review of literature

The Hoffa fracture is an uncommon fracture. There is a lot of confusion about its diagnosis and management with several conflicting reports in literature. We reported a 25-year-old patient with non-union of Hoffa fracture, and meanwhile tried to develop an algorithm-based treatment for Hoffa fractures. A systematic review of the available literature was performed. Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library and PubMed were searched for relevant articles. Fifty-five articles were reviewed, and the clinical knowledge base was summarized. The understanding of the mechanism of trauma has become more nuanced. The literature has also evolved to classify the fracture with the purpose of surgical management in mind. This can be used to plan approach and fixation with preservation of blood supply. Classification can also prognosticate the outcomes in Hoffa fracture.     

An attempt to treat Hoffa fractures under arthroscopy: A case report

We treated a 15-year-old female patient with fracture of the post-lateral femoral condyle and the bone shifted in front of the knee. Considering that the traditional surgical approach has the shortcomings of significant trauma and poor prognosis, we designed an arthroscopic procedure, which achieved satisfactory short-term efficacy, effectively reduced and fixed the fractures, avoided damage to vascular nerves, and maximally reduced the trauma caused by surgery itself.     

Hoffa骨折合并同侧髌骨脱位及踝关节骨折1例

患者,女,62岁,因下楼梯时摔倒后出现左下肢肿痛、活动受限6d入院.伤后曾到当地附近医院就诊,行膝关节CT示左股骨外侧髁骨折合并髌骨脱位(图1a,1b,1c,1d),后于另一医院就诊,予以髌骨脱位手法复位,患肢石膏固定后进一步踝关节X线检查发现左内、外踝骨折(图1e).为进一步治疗来我院就诊.患者既往体健.查体:双下肢...     

Conjoint bicondylar Hoffa fracture in a child: a rare variant treated by minimally invasive approach

A case of conjoint Hoffa-type fracture in a child is presented. Hoffa fracture, i.e., coronal slice fracture of the condyles of the femur, is rare in adults and even rarer in the pediatric population. To date, no case of conjoint bicondylar Hoffa fracture has been reported in the literature. The presented case was successfully treated by arthroscopically assisted internal fixation.     

Arthroscopic-assisted fixation of Hoffa fracture: A case report and description of technique

Medial condyle Hoffa fractures are intra articular injuries, which require prompt anatomical reduction and internal fixation. Arthroscopy-guided fixation of these fractures has also been advocated; the advantages include avoidance of soft tissue dissection, fast recovery and mobilization. We describe a case of a 28-year-old male patient presenting with a 10-day-old medial condylar Hoffa fracture. Skin condition prevented from conventional open reduction and internal fixation; hence, taking note of the urgency of fixation of an intraarticular fracture, arthroscopic-assisted minimally invasive approach was performed with good outcome.     

Plate fixation for Letenneur type I Hoffa fracture: a biomechanical study

BackgroundA coronal fracture of the posterior femoral condyle, also known as a Hoffa fracture, is an unusual injury, and there are only a handful of case reports or series exploring it. The optimal fixation method of these intraarticular fractures remains controversial; improper or unstable fixation usually lead to an unsatisfactory prognosis. The use of posterior–anterior or reversed lag screw fixation is still a popular method. Additional buttress plating is also recommended for fixation of these difficult fractures. The purpose of this study was to compare the mechanical strength of four different fixation patterns for this uncommon fracture.Material and methodsSixteen sawbone simulated models of Letenneur type I Hoffa fractures were created with one of four fixation patterns: two screws implanted in the anterior–posterior (AP) direction or posterior–anterior (PA) direction; one screw in the PA direction with a plate implanted in the posterior position of the distal femoral condyle or with a plate in the lateral position. Biomechanical testing was performed to determine the post-fixation axial stiffness, the maximum load to failure and the fragment vertical displacement for each of the four constructs.ResultsThe plate fixation patterns whether implanted in the posterior or lateral position were shown to provide higher overall axial stiffness and load to failure, and less vertical displacement than the other two patterns of pure screw fixation. Among these constructs, the lateral plate fixation was found to provide the highest stiffness and load to failure and the least displacement for the posterior condylar fragments, followed by the posterior plate fixation. The lowest overall stiffness and load to failure and the largest vertical displacement were found in the construct with the AP direction placed screws.ConclusionIt was concluded that the lateral position implanted plate is biomechanically the strongest fixation method for Letenneur type I Hoffa fractures. However, this plate fixation is not recommended for all cases. The choice of internal fixation pattern depends on the surgeons.