八宝丹胶囊对肝癌患者肝动脉化疗栓塞术后并发症的疗效观察

目的:观察八宝丹胶囊治疗肝癌患者肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)术后不良反应并发症的临床应用效果。方法:将162例均经B超、CT、MRI、肝动脉造影和(或)AFP检查确诊为不能手术的中、晚期肝癌患者随机分为两组,每组81例;治疗组入院后即服用八宝丹胶囊,对照组为入院后即服用水飞蓟宾胶囊。观察治疗前后患者丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、总胆红素(TBil)、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(γ-GT)及术后不良反应的发生率。结果:对照组患者TACE术后ALT、AST、γ-GT、TBil等指标均上升,与TACE术前比较差异有统计学意义。而治疗组患者TACE术后以上各项指标未见明显上升,与TACE术前比较差异无统计学意义。对照组与治疗组TACE术后肝功能比较差异有统计学意义。对两组患者TACE术后不良反应症状的疗效观察:两组患者术后发热、腹痛比较差异有统计学意义,治疗组明显低于对照组;恶心、呕吐两组比较差异无统计学意义。结论:八宝丹胶囊对肝癌患者TACE术后并发症,如肝功能损伤、术后发热、术后腹病等不良反应有一定的治疗效果。     

血清胱抑素C和肝纤维化指标在老年肝癌患者中的应用

目的探讨血清胱抑素C(CysC)及肝纤维化指标的检测在老年肝癌患者中的临床意义。方法正常对照组30例、原发性肝癌组25例和转移性肝癌组23例,测定各组患者的血清CysC、透明质酸(HA)、Ⅲ型胶原(PcⅢ)、层黏蛋白(LN)和Ⅳ型胶原(Ⅳ-C)的浓度。结果血清CysC水平在肝癌组患者中明显高于正常对照组,而且原发性肝癌组与转移性肝癌组两组比较差异也有统计学意义(P<0.05),表明血清CysC与肝癌的发生以及是否转移有关;与正常对照组比较血清HA、PcⅢ、LN和Ⅳ-C水平在肝癌组患者中呈明显升高的趋势(P<0.05),表明肝癌患者存在不同程度的肝纤维化趋向。结论血清CysC水平及肝纤维化指标可作为肝癌患者筛查的重要实验室指标,并有助于判断肿瘤的转移与预后,可作为肝癌患者病情监控和疗效评估的重要依据。     

58例肝癌患者手术前后中医复合证证候特点初步研究

目的:通过观察原发性肝癌患者手术前后中医复合证证候分布与转变情况,初步揭示肝癌患者手术前后的中医复合证证候变化特点,为手术后肝癌的辨证论治提供科学依据.方法:参照《中药新药临床研究指导原则》建立肝癌中医复合证证候定性和量化诊断标准,采用自身前后对照的方法,对58例肝癌手术患者手术前后中医复合证证候特点进行初步研究.结果:中医复合证证候分布及变化情况:肝癌患者手术前肝血瘀阻证、湿热内蕴证所占比例较高,分别为22.1％、20.9％;肝癌患者手术后以湿热内蕴证、脾气虚弱证所占比例较高,分别为21.8％、21.0％;手术后肝血瘀阻证减少,脾气虚弱证增多,两者手术前后差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);其余各证手术前后差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).中医复合证证候量化评分结果:肝癌患者手术前量化评分最高的两个证候是:湿热内蕴证22.66分、脾气虚弱证17.75分;手术后量化评分最高的两个证候是:脾气虚弱证24.98分、湿热内蕴证23.31分:手术后肝血瘀阻证减少,脾气虚弱证增多,两者手术前后差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);其余各证手术前后差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:肝癌患者手术前后均呈现肝血瘀阻证和脾气虚弱证的症状,因此需重视活血化瘀、健脾益气,但术后肝血瘀阻证有所减少,脾气虚弱证增多,应该对活血化瘀和健脾益气力度有所调整,肝癌术后中医辨证论治应更重视健脾益气.肝癌患者手术前后湿热内蕴证均较多,手术前后变化无差异,故肝癌患者手术前后均应重视清热利湿.     

一贯煎联合现代医学常规疗法治疗原发性肝癌临床研究

目的:探讨一贯煎联合现代医学常规疗法治疗原发性肝癌的临床效果。方法:选择2021年1月至2021年12月在医院接受治疗的晚期原发性肝癌患者68例,依据随机数字表将患者分为两组,各34例。对照组患者采用现代医学常规治疗,观察组患者在对照组患者治疗基础上口服一贯煎汤剂。对比两组患者治疗前、后(用药6个月时)的生活质量评分(KPS)、肝脏储备功能(Child-Pugh评分)、体力状况评分[美国东部肿瘤协作组(ECOG)]、中医证候评分;对比两组患者的生存情况、治疗期间的不良反应发生情况;分析影响晚期原发性肝癌患者生存的因素。结果:治疗后两组患者的KPS评分均降低,Child-Pugh评分、ECOG评分、中医证候评分均增高(均P<0.05),且观察组患者的KPS评分高于对照组,而Child-Pugh评分、ECOG评分、中医证候评分则低于对照组(均P<0.05)。对照组患者的生存时间中位数为110.77 d, 95%CI(95.17～126.36)d,观察组患者则为145.62 d, 95%CI(131.47～159.78)d,差异具有统计学意义(χ²=6.10...     

化浊解毒方药治疗各类肝纤维化的疗效

目的 探讨化浊解毒中药治疗肝纤维化的疗效.方法 80例肝纤维化患者随机分为治疗组(40例)和对照组(40例),分别进行相应治疗.比较两组患者治疗前、后临床症状与体征、肝功能、血清纤维化标志物的变化.结果 两组治疗后各指标均较治疗前下降,治疗组患者症状与体征、肝功能、肝纤维化血清学指标与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).治疗组中的病毒性、酒精性、脂肪性组治疗后肝功能、肝纤维化血清学指标均较治疗前下降,病毒性组肝功能、肝纤维化血清学指标与酒精性、脂肪性组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 化浊解毒方药具有较强的抗纤维化作用,尤其对病毒性肝纤维化效果更为显著,值得进一步研究.     

Munc 18-1相互作用蛋白3变化对严重肝纤维化患者肝癌发病率和死亡率的影响

目的:探讨Munc18-1相互作用蛋白3(Mint3)对肝纤维化患者进展为肝癌的影响。方法:对230例肝纤维化患者以发生肝癌为结局分为发生肝癌组(82例)、未发生肝癌组(148例),以发生肝癌死亡和未死亡作为亚组,监测血清Mint3表达情况,并针对Mint3与肝纤维化发生肝癌和肝癌患者生存情况进行分析。结果:发生肝癌组及其死亡亚组患者Mint3水平在入院至36个月监测期间呈升高趋势(P<0.05),且均高于未发生肝癌组和发生肝癌未死亡组(P<0.05)。发生肝癌组患者肝纤维化指标和甲胎蛋白(AFP)显著高于未发生肝癌组(P<0.05)。Mint3与肝纤维化患者发生肝癌、肝癌相关死亡、肝纤维化指标和AFP水平呈正相关性(P<0.05),且以上指标均是肝纤维化患者发生肝癌的危险因素(P<0.05)。Mint3预测肝纤维化发生肝癌及肝癌相关死亡的AUC值、灵敏度和特异度均较高。肝纤维化患者发生肝癌后,Mint3低水平患者生存率高于高水平患者(P<0.001)。结论:Mint3升高可能促进肝纤维化进展为肝癌,监测Mint3值有助于肝纤维化进展为肝癌的早期诊断...     

乙转灵片联合恩替卡韦治疗乙型肝炎肝纤维化的临床研究

目的:观察乙转灵片联合恩替卡韦治疗乙型肝炎肝纤维化的临床疗效。方法:将80例符合乙型肝炎肝纤维化西医诊断标准及中医肝肾亏损、脾虚挟瘀型辨证标准的患者随机分为对照组和试验组，每组40例，对照组患者给予恩替卡韦分散片，0.5 mg/次，1次/日，口服；试验组患者给予恩替卡韦分散片联合乙转灵片，5片/次，3次/日，口服，疗程为24周；观察两组患者治疗前后血清肝功能、HBV DNA定量、肝纤维化指标四项、中医证候积分的变化，评价两组患者中医证候疗效。结果:两组患者治疗后血清HA、IV-C、HBV DNA定量、中医证候积分均显著降低(P<0.05),中医证候疗效明显上升(P<0.05);试验组患者治疗后血清HA、IV-C、中医证候积分均低于对照组(P<0.05),试验组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05),两组患者治疗后PC-Ⅲ和LN比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:乙转灵联合恩替卡韦治疗能够减轻乙型肝炎肝纤维化患者的临床症状，改善肝功能，提高乙型肝炎肝纤维化肝肾亏损、脾虚挟瘀型中医证候疗效。     

柔肝消毒汤治疗湿热毒蕴型乙型肝炎肝硬化后原发性肝癌的临床观察

目的:观察柔肝消毒汤联合西医常规疗法治疗湿热毒蕴型乙型肝炎肝硬化后原发性肝癌(PHC)Ⅳ期的临床疗效。方法:2021年3月1日至2021年6月30日上海市中医医院肝病科收治乙型肝炎肝硬化后PHC患者62例，将患者分为两组，对照组患者30例，仅施以西医基础疗法；治疗组患者32例，在西医基础治疗的同时，加用柔肝消毒汤治疗。比较两组患者治疗前后瘤体大小、半年生存率、中位生存期、生活质量(KPS评分)、体力状况(ECOG PS评分)、肝功能、甲胎蛋白(AFP)、中医证侯积分等。记录用药的安全性及不良反应。结果:治疗8周后，治疗组患者瘤体控制率、半年生存率、中位生存期、KPS评分有效率、ECOG PS评分、中医证侯积分明显优于对照组(P<0.05),两组患者治疗后肝功能均有进展，但对照组进展更显著(P<0.05)。两组患者AFP与治疗前比较均差异明显(P<0.05)。两组患者安全性差异无统计学意义，均不存在严重不良反应。结论:柔肝消毒汤联合西医常规疗法能延缓湿热毒蕴型乙型肝炎肝硬化后PHC(Ⅳ期)患者的瘤体生长、延长患者生存期限、提高患者的生存质量及体力、减轻中医症状、减慢患者...     

益气活血方联合恩替卡韦治疗慢性乙型肝炎肝纤维化临床研究

目的:观察益气活血方联合恩替卡韦治疗气阴两虚、瘀血阻络型慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)肝纤维化的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析符合纳入标准的71例气阴两虚、瘀血阻络型CHB肝纤维化患者,根据有无使用益气活血中药汤剂分成治疗组34例,对照组37例。对照组患者口服恩替卡韦分散片,每次0.5mg,1次/d;治疗组患者在对照组治疗基础上加服益气活血方汤剂,每次200ml,2次/d,疗程均为24周。观察两组患者治疗前后的单项症状积分、中医证候积分、肝纤维化血清学标志物、腹部超声、肝脏Fibroscan瞬时弹性成像、肝脏声辐射力脉冲成像(ARFI)、外周血T淋巴细胞亚群等指标变化。结果:治疗24周时,治疗组患者肝区痛、乏力、失眠、便秘的单项症状评分和中医证候积分显著低于对照组(P0.01);治疗组中医证候疗效总有效率显著高于对照组(85.3%vs 59.5%,P0.05);治疗组患者肝纤维化血清学标志物、脾脏厚度、脾脏长径显著低于对照组(P0.01),治疗组门静脉直径低于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)、肝脏硬度值均;治疗后两组患者ARFI肝纤维化分期均较同组治疗前降低,且治疗组降低更为明显,但差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗组患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+计数绝对值显著高于对照组(P0.01)。结论:益气活血方联合恩替卡韦治疗气阴两虚、瘀血阻络型CHB肝纤维化,在改善患者症状、抗肝纤维化、调节免疫方面的疗效优于单用恩替卡韦,值得临床进一步研究应用。     

针刺至阳八阵穴联合巴氯芬治疗原发性肝癌介入术后顽固性呃逆患者的临床观察

目的:观察针刺至阳八阵穴联合巴氯芬治疗原发性肝癌介入术后顽固性呃逆的临床疗效及对生活质量的影响。方法:将62例原发性肝癌介入术后顽固性呃逆患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组31例。对照组患者口服巴氯芬片,观察组患者在对照组治疗基础上加用针刺至阳八阵穴,疗程为7 d。观察两组患者治疗前后呃逆、睡眠状况、生活质量评分及中医症状评分,并评定临床疗效。结果:治疗后观察组患者呃逆、中医症状、睡眠状况评分明显低于对照组,生活质量评分明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);观察组患者临床疗效总有效率为93.10%,明显高于对照组的75.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:针刺至阳八阵穴联合巴氯芬治疗原发性肝癌介入术后顽固性呃逆患者,可明显改其临床症状及生活质量,值得推广应用。     

Cryptogenic pyogenic liver abscess as the herald of colon cancer

Background and Aim: Colonic mucosal defects might be a route for bacterial invasion into the portal system, with subsequent hematogenous spread to the liver. We retrospectively investigated the results of colonoscopy and the clinical characteristics of patients with pyogenic liver abscess of colonic origin. Methods: A total of 230 consecutive patients with pyogenic liver abscess were reviewed between 2003 and 2010. The 230 patients were categorized into three groups (pancreatobiliary [n = 135], cryptogenic [n = 81], and others [n = 14]). Of the 81 cryptogenic patients, 37 (45.7%) underwent colonoscopy. Colonic lesions with mucosal defects were considered colonic causes of abscess. Results: In the 37 colonoscopic investigations, colon cancer was found in six patients (16.2%), laterally‐spreading tumor (LST) in two patients (5.4%), multiple colon ulcers in one patient (2.7%), colon polyps in 17 patients (45.9%), and diverticula in four patients (10.8%). Nine (11%) of 81 cryptogenic abscesses were therefore reclassified as being of colonic origin (colon cancer = 6, LST = 2, ulcer = 1). Three cases were stage III colon cancer, and the others were stage I. Two LST were high‐grade dysplasia. The percentage of patients with Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) and diabetes mellitus (DM) of colonic origin was 66.7%, which was significantly higher than the 8.6% for other causes (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Of the 37 patients with cryptogenic pyogenic liver abscess who underwent colonoscopy, nine (24.3%) were diagnosed with a colonic cause. Colonoscopy should be considered for the detection of hidden colonic malignant lesions in patients with cryptogenic pyogenic liver abscess, especially for patients with K. pneumoniae and DM.     

Cryptogenic pyogenic liver abscess as a sign of colorectal cancer: a population‐based 5‐year follow‐up study

Background/aims: No large‐scale population‐based study has ever been conducted to examine the relationship between cryptogenic pyogenic liver abscesses (PLA) and the subsequent risk of colorectal cancer. This study aimed to estimate the risk for colorectal cancer following a diagnosis of cryptogenic PLA over a 5‐year period. Methods: The study group comprised 274 patients who visited an outpatient care centre or were hospitalized with a diagnosis of cryptogenic PLA between 2001 and 2003. The comparison group included 1370 randomly selected subjects. Cox proportional hazard regressions were performed to compare the 5‐year colorectal cancer‐free survival rates for these two groups. Results: Of the total sample, 40 patients from the study group (2.43%) had colorectal cancer during the 5‐year follow‐up period: 15 (5.45% of those with cryptogenic PLA) and 25 from the comparison group (1.82% of the comparison group). After adjusting for patients' age, sex, monthly income, level of urbanization and geographical location, the hazard of colorectal cancer during the 5‐year period was 3.36 times greater for patients with cryptogenic PLA than for the comparison group [95% confidence interval (CI)=1.72–6.56, P<0.001]. The adjusted hazard of colorectal cancer during the 5‐year follow‐up period was 5.54 times higher for cryptogetic PLA patients with diabetes (95% CI=2.11–14.56, P<0.001) than the comparison group and 2.64 times higher among PLA patients without diabetes (95% CI=1.19–5.85, P<0.05). Conclusions: We conclude that cryptogenic PLA is an alarm that may signal colorectal cancer, especially among female patients with diabetes.     

442例不明原因ALT、胆红素升高的肝脏疾病患者的临床与病理学分析

目的通过病理学分析不明原因肝脏疾病的病因,为临床诊断及治疗指导方向。方法对2005年1月1日至2008年12月30日4年期间在本院住院的442例不明原因肝功异常的患者行肝脏穿刺术,应用CHISS2004统计学软件对其病例资料进行统计学分析。结果在本研究中,86%的患者通过病理学分析可明确临床诊断。ALT升高的肝脏疾病在各年龄组以及不同性别中的分布存在差异（P〈0.01,P〈0.05）,儿童组以肝脏其他感染性疾病、遗传代谢性疾病为主;少年组以药物性及中毒性肝损伤、自身免疫性肝病为主;青年组以药物性及中毒性肝损伤为主;中老年组以药物性及中毒性肝损伤、脂肪肝、酒精性肝病为主;男性以药物性及中毒性肝损伤、脂肪肝为主;女性以药物性及中毒性肝损伤为主。胆红素升高的肝脏疾病在不同年龄组以及不同性别中的分布存在差异（P〈0.01,P〈0.05）。儿童组以肝脏其他感染性疾病、病毒性肝炎以及药物性及中毒性肝损伤为主;少年组以遗传代谢性疾病为主;青年组以遗传代谢性疾病为主;中老年组以药物性及中毒性肝损伤、脂肪肝为主;男性以遗传代谢性疾病为主,女性以遗传代谢性疾病、药物性及中毒性肝损伤为主。（此两段作者没有翻译）结论病理学分析在不明原因的肝脏疾病的诊断中至关重要,不同原因所致肝脏疾病在不同年龄及性别中的分布存在差异,可进一步进行大样本量调查研究。     

中医药治疗原发性肝癌的研究进展

原发性肝癌是消化系统常见的恶性肿瘤,发现时多处于中晚期,预后差。中医药在防治原发性肝癌方面有其独特的优势,简述了原发性肝癌的病因、病机和中医对肝癌的辩证治疗,总结了中医药联合经肝动脉化疗栓塞术、肝癌根治术、放化疗以及分子靶向药物等综合治疗方面取得的进展,以期对原发性肝癌的临床治疗及改善预后提供一定的参考。     

Relationship between clinical and pathologic findings in patients with chronic liver diseases

AIM: To explore the relationship between clinical findings of patients with chronic liver diseases and the pathologic grading and staging of liver tissues. METHODS: The inflammatory activity and fibrosis of consecutive liver biopsies from 200 patients were determined according to the diagnosis criteria of chronic hepatitis in China established in 1995. A comparative analysis was carried out for 200 patients with chronic liver diseases by comparing their clinical manifestations, serum biochemical markers with the grading and staging of liver tissues.RESULTS: It was revealed that age, index of clinical symptoms and physical signs were obviously relevant to the pathologic grading and staging of liver tissues (P&lt;0.05). Blood platelet, red blood cells, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), N-terminal procollagen Ⅲ (PⅢ NP) were apparently correlated with the degree of inflammation. PGA (prothrombin time, GGT, apoprotein A1) index, PGAA (PGA+A2-macroglobublin) index, albumin and albumin/globulin were relevant to both inflammation and fibrosis. Hyaluronic acid (HA) was an accurate variable for the severity of hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. The combination of serum markers for fibrosis could increase the diagnostic accuracy. It was notable that viral replication markers were not relevant to the degree of inflammation and fibrosis. CONCLUSION: There is a good correlation between clinica findings and the pathologic grading and staging of liver tissues, which may give aid to the noninvasive diagnosis of liver fibrosis.     

不同中医证型非酒精性脂肪性肝炎患者肝硬度值及影响因素分析

目的:比较肝郁脾虚证和湿热蕴结证非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)患者肝硬度值,探讨NASH患者肝纤维化的影响因素。方法:对2015年8月至2020年9月就诊的116例NASH患者进行回顾性分析,记录患者年龄、性别、身高、体重,计算体质量指数(BMI),收集患者肝硬度值及腹部B超、肝功能、血脂等检查结果。依据中医证型和是否超重将患者分组,进行组间比较和析因方差分析,采用逐步多元线性回归分析各因素对患者肝硬度值的影响。结果:析因方差分析显示,中医证型和是否超重对NASH患者肝硬度值的影响具有交互效应,非超重肝胆湿热型和超重肝郁脾虚型患者的肝硬度值较高;多元线性回归显示脂肪肝程度、BMI、中医证型是NASH患者肝硬度值的影响因素。结论:中医证型与NASH患者肝硬度值相关,临床诊治过程中应关注复杂体质患者的肝硬度值,在进行体重管理等基础治疗的同时合理运用中医药进行干预。     

Association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and liver cancer

AIM:To investigate the association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) and liver cancer,and NAFLD prevalence in different liver tumors.METHODS:This is a retrospective study of the clinical,laboratory and histological data of 120 patients diagnosed with primary or secondary hepatic neoplasms and treated at a tertiary center where they underwent hepatic resection and/or liver transplantation,with subsequent evaluation of the explant or liver biopsy.The following criteria were used to exclude patients from the study:a history of alcohol abuse,hepatitis B or C infection,no tumor detected in the liver tissue examined by histological analysis,and the presence of chronic autoimmune hepatitis,hemochromatosis,Wilson’s disease,or hepatoblastoma.The occurrence of NAFLD and the association with its known risk factors were studied.The risk factors considered were diabetes mellitus,impaired glucose tolerance,impaired fasting glucose,body mass index,dyslipidemia,and arterial hypertension.Presence of reticulin fibers in the hepatic neoplasms was assessed by histological analysis using slide-mounted specimens stained with either hematoxylin and eosin or Masson’s trichrome and silver impregnation.Analysis of tumor-free liver parenchyma was carried out to determine the association between NAFLD and its histological grade.RESULTS:No difference was found in the association of NAFLD with the general population(34.2% and 30.0% respectively,95%CI:25.8-43.4).Evaluation by cancer type showed that NAFLD was more prevalent in patients with liver metastasis of colorectal cancer than in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(OR = 3.99,95%CI:1.78-8.94,P < 0.001 vs OR = 0.60,95%CI:0.18-2.01,P = 0.406 and OR = 0.70,95%CI:0.18-2.80,P = 0.613,respectively).There was a higher prevalence of liver fibrosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(OR = 3.50,95%CI:1.06-11.57,P = 0.032).Evaluation of the relationship between the presence of NAFLD,nonalcoholic steatohepatitis,and liver fibrosis,and their risk factors,showed no significant statistical association for any of the tumors studied.CONCLUSION:NAFLD is more common in patients with liver metastases caused by colorectal cancer.     

577例原发性肝癌患者临床特征和治疗方案选择分析

目的：了解原发性肝癌的病因、临床症状、体征及治疗方案选择。方法回顾性分析2011年5月至2012年12月住院的确诊为原发性肝癌的初诊患者,分析临床资料、实验室和影像学检查及所采用的治疗方案和预后情况。结果共纳入577例资料完整的初发初治原发性肝癌患者,男女比例512∶65;年龄22～90岁,平均年龄（53.1±12.0）岁,其中88.6%（511例）患者乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）标志物阳性,132例（22.9%）有乙型肝炎相关性肝病家族史;在513例行乙型肝炎病毒标志物检查患者中,467例（91.0%）患者 HBsAg 阳性,158例（30.8%）HBeAg阳性,HBeAg 阴性309例（60.2%）;临床首发症状中肝区疼痛最多（32.8%）,符合手术治疗指征115例（19.9%）,其中进行了手术治疗患者仅47例（40.9%）。结论我国原发性肝癌患者以男性多见,与 HBV 感染密切相关,临床表现缺乏特异性,可手术患者手术切除治疗的比例仍偏低,需要进一步提高治疗的规范性。