Runx3和Smad4在胃癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的：研究Runx3、Smad4蛋白在胃癌及正常胃黏膜组织中的表达差异及其与胃癌生物学行为的关系。方法：应用免疫组织化学法检测Runx3、Smad4蛋白在56例胃癌组织及40例癌旁组织中Runx3、Smad4的表达。结果（：1）胃癌组织中Runx3和Smad4阳性表达率分别为37.5%和44.6%,在癌旁组织分别为92.5%和87.5%。两种蛋白在胃癌组织表达差异具有显著性（P〈0.05）。Smad4的表达与胃癌不同分化程度、浸润深度、淋巴结转移及临床分期相关（P〈0.05）;Runx3的表达与胃癌不同分化程度、浸润深度、淋巴结转移（P〈0.05）相关,与临床分期无关（P〉0.05）。（2）Runx3与Smad4在胃癌组织中的表达呈正相关（P〈0.05,r=0.4264）。结论：Runx3、Smad4的低表达与胃癌的浸润和转移有密切的关系,在胃癌的发生、发展中起着不同程度的作用。     

胃癌组织中唾液酸化Lewis和黏蛋白-2的表达

目的:探讨人胃癌组织中唾液酸化Lewis(SleX)和黏蛋白-2(MUC-2)的表达情况及与胃癌浸润转移的关系.方法:应用免疫组织化学SP法检测103例人胃癌组织中SleX和MUC-2蛋白的表达.以20例正常胃黏膜为对照.结果:正常胃黏膜组织中SleX和MUC-2蛋白阳性表达率均为20.0%(4/20).胃癌组织中SleX和MUC-2蛋白阳性表达率分别为90.29%(93/103)和82.52%(85/103),均高于正常胃黏膜(P＜0.05).进展期胃癌组织中SleX和MUC-2蛋白阳性表达率高于早期胃癌(P＜0.05);SleX和MUC-2蛋白表达与胃癌浸润和淋巴结转移有关(P＜0.05).胃癌组织中2者的表达呈正相关(P＜0.05).结论:SleX和MUC-2蛋白表达与胃癌的浸润和转移密切相关,可作为判断胃癌浸润和转移的指标之一.     

Oct4与TGF-β信号通路相关因子在胃癌组织中的表达和相互关系

目的:探讨八聚体结合蛋白4(Oct4)与TGF-β信号通路相关因子在胃癌组织中的表达情况和相互关系.方法:57例胃癌患者手术切除的癌组织及对应正常胃组织,采用Western blotting法检测Oct4、TβRⅡ、Smad2、Smad3、E-Cadheri蛋白的表达情况,分析它们与胃癌临床病理特征的关系,以及胃癌组织Oct4表达与TβRⅡ、Smad2、Smad3、E-Cadherin的相关性.结果:胃癌组织Oct4蛋白的表达明显高于正常组织,TβRⅡ、Smad2、Smad3、E-Cadherin蛋白的表达明显低于正常组织(P＜0.05).胃癌组织Oct4、TβRⅡ、Smad2、Smad3、E-Cadherin表达与与肿瘤组织分型、临床分期、淋巴结转移和浆膜浸润有关(P＜0.05).胃癌组织Oct4表达与TβRⅡ、Smad2、Smad3、E-Cadherin呈负相关关系(r=-0.887、-0.912、-0.779、-0.879,P＜0.01).结论:胃癌组织Oct4高表达可参与胃癌的发生发展和浸润、转移,其机制可能与调节TGF-β信号通路,诱导细胞上皮间质转化有关.     

Cx43、Smad1蛋白在胃癌中的表达及意义

目的：探讨Cx43、Smad1蛋白在胃癌中的表达及意义。方法：采用免疫组织化学染色法检测Cx43和Smad1在胃癌和癌旁组织中的表达情况。结果：胃癌组织Cx43的阳性表达率明显低于正常胃组织,Smad1的阳性表达率明显高于正常胃组织（P＜0.05）。胃癌组织Smad1、Cx43蛋白的表达与年龄、性别无关,与分化程度、淋巴结转移和浸润深度有关（P＜0.01,P＜0.05）。胃癌组织Cx43与Smad1的表达呈显著负相关（P＜0.01）。结论：Cx43、Smad1蛋白的异常表达可能在胃癌的发生发展中具有重要作用。     

三叶肽因子1表达与胃癌及胃溃疡的关系

目的 通过测定三叶因子1(TFF1)蛋白在胃癌和胃溃疡组织中的表达情况,探讨组织TFF1蛋白表达水平在胃癌及胃溃疡中的临床意义.方法 56份胃黏膜标本取自18例正常对照者,25例胃溃疡和13例溃疡型胃癌患者,采用免疫组化法测定胃黏膜中TFF1蛋白的表达.结果 胃溃疡和溃疡旁组织、胃癌旁组织中TFF1表达明显高于正常胃黏膜和胃癌组织(均P＜0.001),胃癌组织TFF1表达则明显低于正常胃黏膜(P＜0.001);TFF1升高增加患者罹患胃溃疡风险(OR:1.365,95% CI 1.065～1.749,P＜0.05); TFF1表达下调则增高患者罹患胃癌风险(OR:3.067,95% CI 1.391～6.757,P＜0.01).结论 TFF1在胃黏膜保护、损伤修护具有一定的作用;TFF1蛋白在胃溃疡中高表达,而在胃癌中表达明显降低,检测TFF1蛋白表达有利于胃癌与胃溃疡的鉴别诊断.     

PTEN蛋白在胃癌中的表达及其与病理特征的关系

目的 研究胃癌组织中PTEN蛋白表达和临床病理因素的关系.方法 采用免疫组织化学S-P法检测10例正常胃黏膜及64例胃癌组织中PTEN蛋白表达.结果 胃癌组织PTEN蛋白阳性率显著低于正常胃黏膜(P＜0.05).PTEN蛋白表达与胃癌组织分化程度(P＜0.05)、淋巴结转移(P＜0.01)有关.结论 PTEN蛋白表达与胃癌的临床病理特征有密切关系,PTEN蛋白表达可作为判断胃癌病理生物学行为的客观指标.     

胃腺癌组织中肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体受体-4的表达

目的:探讨肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体-4(TRAIL-R4)在诱导胃癌细胞凋亡过程中的作用.方法:应用Western blot、RT-PCR、原位杂交和免疫组织化学技术,检测31例正常胃黏膜和胃腺癌组织中TRAIL-附蛋白和mRNA的表达.结果:Western blot结果显示,正常胃黏膜组织中TRAIL-R4蛋白的阳性表达率80.65%,高于其在胃腺癌组织中的阳性表达率6.45%(P＜0.05);免疫组织化学结果显示,正常胃黏膜组织中TRAIL-R4蛋白均有强染色,在胃腺癌组织中染色均为阴性(P＜0.05);RT-PCR结果显示,正常胃黏膜组织中TRAIL-R4 mRNA表达高于胃腺癌组织中的表达(P＜0.05);原位杂交结果显示,正常胃黏膜组织中TRAIL-R4 mRNA染色均为阳性,而在胃腺癌组织中阳性表达率为3.23%(P＜0.05).结论:TRAIL-R4在胃癌组织中的表达缺失是TRAIL特异性诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡的原因之一.     

错配修复基因hMLH1在胃癌中表达特点的研究

[目的]了解胃癌组织错配修复基因hMLH1蛋白的表达特点.[方法]采用免疫组织化学SP法检测579例胃癌组织、333例癌旁组织和341例非癌患者胃黏膜的hMLH1蛋白表达情况.组间率的差异采用卡方检验法进行比较.[结果]胃癌组、癌旁组与非癌患者胃黏膜组的hMLH1蛋白阳性表达率分别为71.68%(415/579)、84.38%(281/333)与85.92%(293/341),前者显著低于后两者(P＜0.05),而后两者间差异无显著性意义(P＞0.05).胃癌组织中hMLH1蛋白的阳性表达率在高中分化组显著高于低分化组(P＜0.05),在无淋巴结转移组显著高于淋巴结转移组(P＜0.05),hMLH1蛋白的阳性表达率与患者性别、年龄无关(P＞0.05).[结论]我国部分胃癌发生可能与错配修复基因hMLH1的表达下调有关.     

COX-2与MMP-7蛋白在胃癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的 探讨环氧合酶-2(COX-2)和基质金属蛋白酶-7(MMP-7)蛋白在胃癌组织中的表达、相互关系及意义.方法 应用免疫组化方法检测了82胃癌组织及30周边正常胃黏膜中COX-2和MMP-7的表达情况.结果 COX-2蛋白在胃癌组织和周边正常胃黏膜组织中阳性表达率分别为63.4%和13.3%,胃癌组织中COX-2蛋白阳性率显著高于正常胃黏膜(p＜0.001).MMP-7蛋白在胃癌组织和周边正常胃黏膜组织中阳性表达率分别为73.2%和10%,胃癌组织中MMP-7蛋白阳性率显著高于正常胃黏膜(P＜0.001).COX-2的异常表达与肿瘤细胞分化程度、淋巴结转移、TNM分期显著相关(p＜0.05).MMP-7阳性表达率与淋巴结转移、TNM分期显著相关(P＜0.001),而与肿瘤细胞分化程度无显著性相关(p＞0.05).胃癌组织中COX-2与MMP-7表达具有显著等级正相关(P＜0.001).结论 COX-2与MMP-7表达与胃癌的生物学行为密切相关,且两者之间的表达强度具有显著等级正相关.COX-2与MMP-7可作为反映胃癌侵袭转移、判断预后的生物学指标.     

TGF-β信号转导通路相关蛋白Runx3、Smad4在胃腺癌组织中的表达及意义

目的 研究Runx3、Smad4蛋白在胃腺癌组织中的表达及意义.方法 应用免疫组织化学法检测Runx3、Smad4蛋白在56例胃腺癌组织(胃腺癌组)及40例正常胃黏膜组织中(正常对照组)的表达,分析其与胃腺癌分化程度的关系.结果 (1)胃腺癌组织中Runx3和Smad4蛋白阳性表达率分别为37.5%和44.6%,在正常胃黏膜组织中的阳性表达率分别为92.5%和87.5%,2种蛋白在正常胃黏膜组织与胃腺癌组织中表达差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).Smad4和Runx3的表达与胃腺癌不同分化程度有关,高中分化组阳性率高于低分化组(P<0.05);(2)Runx3与Smad4在胃腺癌组织中的表达呈正相关(r=0.426 4,P<0.05).结论 Runx3、Smad4的低表达与胃腺癌的发生及分化程度密切相关.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.