基质金属蛋白酶及CD15在肺癌浸润、转移中的作用

目的 探讨基质金属蛋白酶（MMP-2,MMP-9）及其抑制剂（TIMP-1,TIMP-2）和细胞粘附分子CD15在肺癌浸润和转移中的作用,是否能为临床肺癌的诊断和治疗提供一种新的,有效的手段。方法 通过免疫组化方法检测47例肺癌标本中MMP-2 MMP-9,TIMP-1,TIMP-2和CD15的表达情况。结果 腺癌中MMP-2,TIMP-1阻性表达率明显高于鳞癌（P〈0.01）,鳞癌中MMP-9的阳性表达率高于腺癌（P〈0.01）;低分化者MMP-9的阳性表达率高于高,中分化者（P〈0.05）;有淋巴结转移者MMP-2,MMP-9和CD15的阳性表达率高于无淋巴结转移者（P〈0.01）;无淋巴结转移者中TIMP-1的阳性表达率高于有淋巴结转移者。结论 肺癌组织中MMP-2,MMP-9,TIMP-1和CD15的阳性表达可能是肺癌恶性程度和预后判断的指标。     

胃癌患者基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子2的表达与其临床检测的意义

目的探讨在正常胃黏膜组织、胃癌组织及胃区域淋巴结中基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子2(TIMP-2)的表达情况。方法选取经病理证实的胃癌标本96例,胃癌区域淋巴结96例,正常胃黏膜60例,全部病例均随访5年以上。采用免疫组织化学方法的链霉菌抗生物素蛋白-过氧化物酶连接(SP)法检测上述标本中TIMP-2的表达。结果各病理因素TIMP-2表达阳性率:高中度分化与低分化69.0%vs 18.4%(P<0.01);浸润深度T1+T2与T3+T465.9%vs 36.4%(P<0.01);临床分期Ⅰ～Ⅱ型比Ⅲ～Ⅳ型71.1%vs 34.5%(P<0.01);无淋巴结转移与有淋巴结转移64.3%vs 37.0%(P<0.01);生存期≥5年与<5年73.0%vs 33.9%(P<0.01)。结论胃癌组织中TIMP-2表达的下降在胃癌的侵袭转移及预后中发挥着重要的作用。TIMP-2的表达对预测胃癌侵袭转移、评估患者预后状况及合理指导胃癌的综合治疗等具有重要的临床意义。     

乳腺癌环氧合酶-2和基质金属蛋白酶-2及其抑制因子的表达

目的 研究环氧合酶(COX)-2、基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-2及其抑制因子(TIMP-2)在乳腺癌组织中的蛋白表达及其相互关系.方法 建立组织芯片平台,应用免疫组织化学S-P法检测127例乳腺癌组织COX-2、MMP-2和TIMP-2蛋白的表达情况.结果 乳腺癌COX-2、MMP-2和TIMP-2阳性率分别为81.1%(103/127)、96.9%(123/127)和60.6%(77/127);COX-2的表达与乳腺癌腋淋巴结转移和TNM分期均呈正相关(P<0.01,P<0.05),与孕激素受体表达呈负相关(P<0.05);MMP-2蛋白表达与COX-2表达呈显著正相关(r=0.290,P<0.01).结论 乳腺癌COX-2表达状况与肿瘤侵袭转移有密切关系,COX-2可能通过调控MMP-2表达来促进肿瘤侵袭转移.     

基质金属蛋白酶-9和基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂-2对大肠癌浸润转移及预后的影响

目的:探讨大肠癌组织中基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)及其基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂-2(TIMP-2)的表达与临床病理指标之间的关系。方法:收集桂林医学院附属医院1996-10/2002-10手术切除或肠镜活检的大肠癌标本108个。采用S-P免疫组织化学染色技术,检测108个大肠癌组织中MMP-9和TIMP-2蛋白的表达情况。结果:108个大肠癌组织中MMP-9和TIMP-2表达的阳性率分别为60.2%(65/108)和25.0%(27/108);MMP-9的表达在肿瘤浸润度深、有淋巴结转移、Dukes分期晚及生存期短的患者中表达率高(P<0.0001),而TIMP-2的表达则相反;MMP-9和TIMP-2的表达与性别、年龄、肿瘤部位、病理类型和分化程度均无关(P>0.05)。结论:MMP-9和TIMP-2可作为判断大肠癌恶性程度、转移及预后的重要参考指标。     

基质金属蛋白酶-2在胰腺癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的 探讨基质金属蛋白酶2(MMP-2)在胰腺癌组织中的表述及其与肿瘤临床病理特征的关系.方法 采用S-P免疫组织化学法检测36例胰腺癌(胰腺癌组)组织及14例正常胰腺(对照组)组织中MMP-2的表达.结果 胰腺癌组织中MMP-2的表达率为66.7%(24/36),正常胰腺组织中表达率为14.3%(2/14),2组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=3.587,P<0.01);有淋巴结转移的胰腺癌组织MMP-2表达率为86.7%(13/15),高于无淋巴结转移者的52.4%(11/21),2组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.629,P<0.05);胰腺癌TNM分期中Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期MMP.2表达率为41.2%(7/17),Ⅲ期和Ⅳ期表达率为89.5%(17/19),2组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.418,P<0.01);胰腺癌高分化、中分化和低分化组织MMP-2表达率分别为50.0%(5/10)、66.7%(10/15)和72.8%(8/11),组间比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.073,P>0.05).结论 MMP-2在胰腺癌组织中表达明显增强,并与胰腺癌侵袭转移密切相关,可视为反映胰腺癌侵袭特性的又一标志物.     

基质金属蛋白酶-9和上皮型钙依赖黏附素在食管癌中的表达及其意义

目的探讨基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)和上皮型钙依赖黏附素(E-cadherin)在食管癌中的表达及其意义。方法应用免疫组化SP法检测69例食管癌组织及69例正常者胃镜取材组织中MMP-9和E-cadherin蛋白表达情况。结果食管鳞癌组织中MMP-9的阳性表达率高于正常食管黏膜鳞状上皮组织(71.0%vs46.4%,P<0.05),食管鳞癌组织中E-cadherin的阳性表达率低于正常食管黏膜鳞状上皮(50.7%vs72.5%,P<0.01)。MMP-9与E-cadherin的阳性表达率在食管癌不同病理分级及有无淋巴结转移中差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);随着病理分级的增高及MMP-9阳性表达率依次增强,而E-cadherin阳性表达率依次降低(P<0.05或P<0.01);浸润达深肌层组E-cadherin蛋白阳性表达率低于浸润达浅肌层组(P<0.01);MMP-9与E-cadherin的蛋白表达呈负相关(r=-0.269,P<0.05)。结论 E-cadherin、MMP-9表达可能与食管癌的发生发展密切相关。     

口腔疣状癌基质金属蛋白酶-2、基质金属蛋白酶-9和金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子-2的表达及其相关性的研究

目的:研究口腔疣状癌中基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-2、MMP-9及金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子(TIMP-2)的表达.探讨其在口腔疣状癌发生发展过程中的作用和意义.方法:取25例口腔疣状癌,10例正常口腔黏膜,25例口腔鳞癌(高、低分化鳞癌各为15、10例),应用免疫组织化学法检测上述标本中MMP-2、MMP-9及,TIMP-2的表达和分布.结果:正常口腔黏膜组织TIMP-2为阴性表达:MMP-2、MMP-9的阳性表达率分别为10.00%、20.00%.口腔疣状癌MMP-2阳性表达率为28.00%.MMP-9阳性表达率为44.00%,TIMP-2阳性表达率为72.00%.口腔疣状癌、口腔高分化鳞癌、口腔低分化鳞癌MMP-2、MMP-9、TIMP-2表达均高于正常口腔黏膜(P<0.05).结论:在口腔疣状癌,口腔高分化鳞癌、口腔低分化鳞癌中.MMP-2与MMP-9的阳性表达率呈正相关,与TIMP-2呈负相关;相关分析发现,MMP-2、MMP-9和TIMP-2的袁达两两相关,同时3者的表达可能单独或共同参与.     

MMP-2和TIMP-2在大肠癌组织中的表达及其意义

目的 探讨基质金属蛋白酶(MMP-2)及其抑制物(TIMP-2)的表达与大肠癌浸润,转移的关系.方法 应用免疫组织化学S-P法对58例大肠癌组织中MMP-2和TIMP-2进行检测.并以大肠腺瘤组织标本20例作为对照.结果 MMP-2的表达率在大肠癌为74.1%,高于大肠腺癌瘤的35%(P<0.05).其表达与大肠癌的浸润深度,Dukes分期和淋巴结转移均密切相关(P<0.05).TIMP-2的表达在大肠腺瘤及大肠癌组织中无显著性差异(P>0.05),但其表达与大肠癌组织学类型.分化程度,淋巴结有无转移密切相关.大肠癌MMP-2和TIMP一2蛋白表达存在显著负相关(r=-0.3684,P<0.05).结论 MMP-2和TIMP-2对大肠癌浸润、转移均有明显影响.MMP-2蛋白阳性表达促进大肠癌浸润和转移,MMP-2和TIMP-2的检测可作为临床判断大肠癌的恶性程度、转移及估计预后的重要参考指标.     

组织微阵列检测结直肠癌组织中MMP-2、MMP-9和TIMP-2蛋白的表达

目的 探讨MMP-2、MMP-9 和TIMP-2蛋白表达与结直肠癌侵袭转移的关系,寻找用于预测结直肠癌侵袭转移的分子标记物.方法 组织微阵列结合免疫组化技术检测结直肠癌及其癌旁正常肠黏膜上皮中的MMP-2、MMP-9 和TIMP-2蛋白表达.结果 结直肠癌组织中,MMP-9蛋白阳性表达率显著高于癌旁肠黏膜组织(P<0.001),TIMP-2蛋白阳性表达率显著低于癌旁黏膜组织(P<0.05).浸润至肠壁浆膜层的结直肠癌和Dukes'C、D期癌组织的MMP-2蛋白阳性表达率显著高于浸润肠壁浅、深平滑肌层和Dukes'A、 B期结直肠癌(P<0.05);肠壁局部淋巴结转移的结直肠癌中MMP-2、MMP-9 蛋白阳性表达率显著高于无淋巴结转移癌(P<0.05);Dukes'A、B期结直肠癌TIMP2蛋白阳性表达率显著高于Dukes'C、D期(P<0.05).TIMP2蛋白阳性的结直肠癌生存时间显著长于TIMP2阴性的结直肠癌(P<0.05).结直肠癌中MMP-2蛋白阳性表达与MMP-9表达呈正相关(P＜0.001),但TIMP-2蛋白阳性表达与MMP-2表达呈显著负相关(P<0.05).二变量多因素回归分析显示,MMP-2蛋白表达、癌组织的浸润深度和Dukes分期可作为预测结直肠癌淋巴结转移的独立指标.结论 结直肠癌MMP-9和TIMP-2蛋白共同高表达及MMP-2与TIMP-2蛋白的表达失衡在结直肠癌侵袭、转移中起重要作用.MMP-2蛋白表达可作为结直肠癌淋巴结转移的独立预测指标.     

基质金属蛋白酶-2及其抑制物-2在高氧致慢性肺疾病新生大鼠肺组织中的动态变化及意义

目的 探讨基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP-2)及其抑制物-2(TIMP-2)mRNA和蛋白在高氧致慢性肺疾病(CLD)新生大鼠肺组织中的动态表达规律以及在CLD发生中的作用和意义.方法 足月新生大鼠出生后12 h内分别持续吸入0.90～0.95的高氧或空气,于1、3、7、14和21 d取肺组织进行苏木素-伊红(HE)染色,辐射状肺泡计数(RAC);用免疫组化和逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法分别检测肺组织MMP-2和TIMP-2的蛋白及mRNA表达.结果 病理观察高氧组早期炎症反应,7 d出现肺泡发育阻滞,最终纤维化;在7 d时高氧组RAC值较空气组降低(P＜0.05),14 d和21 d的差异更为显著(P均＜0.01);在高氧暴露3 d时,MMP-2的蛋白和mRNA表达均较空气组增强(P＜0.05和P＜0.01),14 d时MMP-2蛋白表达减弱(P＜0.05),而mRNA水平两组间差异无统计学意义;TIMP-2的蛋白和mRNA表达在两组中各时间点比较差异均无统计学意义.结论 高氧暴露后,肺组织中MMP-2/TIMP-2表达失衡,使细胞外基质降解异常,可能是高氧致肺早期炎性损伤和最终肺间质纤维化及发育障碍的机制之一.     

Atomic and electronic structure of solids of Ge2Br2PN,Ge2I2PN,Sn2Cl2PN,Sn2Br2PN and Sn2I2PN inorganic double helices: a first principles study

We report the results of density functional theory calculations on the atomic and electronic structure of solids formed by assembling A₂B₂PN (A = Ge and Sn, B = Cl, Br, and I) inorganic double helices. The calculations have been performed using a generalized gradient approximation for the exchange–correlation functional and including van der Waals interactions. Our results show that the double helices crystallize in a monoclinic lattice with van der Waals type weak interactions between the double helices. In all cases except Ge₂Cl₂PN, the solids are stable with a binding energy between the double helices ranging from 0.06 eV per atom to 0.09 eV per atom and inter-double helices separation of more than 3.33 Å. All the solids are semiconducting. Further calculations have been done by using meta-GGA with a modified Becke–Johnson functional to obtain better band gaps, which are found to lie in the range of 0.91 eV to 1.49 eV. In the case of Ge₂Br₂PN the solid is a direct band gap semiconductor although the isolated double helix has an indirect band gap and it is suggested to be interesting for photovoltaic, and other optoelectronic applications. The charge transfer between the atoms has been studied using Bader charge analysis and the DDEC6 method in the CHARGEMOL program, which suggests charge transfer from the outer helix to the inner helix.

We report the results of density functional theory calculations on the atomic and electronic structure of solids formed by assembling A₂B₂PN (A = Ge and Sn, B = Cl, Br, and I) inorganic double helices.     

MMP-2和TIMP-2在大肠癌组织中的表达及其意义

目的探讨基质金属蛋白酶(MMP-2)及其抑制物(TIMP-2)的表达与大肠癌浸润,转移的关系。方法应用免疫组织化学S-P法对58例大肠癌组织中MMP-2和TIMP-2进行检测,并以大肠腺瘤组织标本20例作为对照。结果MMP-2的表达率在大肠癌为74.1%,高于大肠腺癌瘤的35%(P<0.05)。其表达与大肠癌的浸润深度,Dukes分期和淋巴结转移均密切相关(P<0.05)。TIMP-2的表达在大肠腺瘤及大肠癌组织中无显著性差异(P>0.05),但其表达与大肠癌组织学类型。分化程度,淋巴结有无转移密切相关,大肠癌MMP-2和TIMP-2蛋白表达存在显著负相关(r=-0.3684,P<0.05)。结论MMP-2和TIMP-2对大肠癌浸润、转移均有明显影响。MMP-2蛋白阳性表达促进大肠癌浸润和转移,MMP-2和TIMP-2的检测可作为临床判断大肠癌的恶性程度、转移及估计预后的重要参考指标。     

Grain growth of NpO2 and UO2 nanocrystals

We report on the crystallite growth of nanometric NpO₂ and UO₂ powders. The AnO₂ nanoparticles (An = U and Np) were synthesized by hydrothermal decomposition of the corresponding actinide(iv) oxalates. NpO₂ powder was isothermally annealed between 950 °C and 1150 °C and UO₂ between 650 °C and 1000 °C. The crystallite growth was then followed by high-temperature X-ray diffraction (HT-XRD). The activation energies for the growth of crystallites of UO₂ and NpO₂ were determined to be 264(26) kJ mol⁻¹ and 442(32) kJ mol⁻¹, respectively, with a growth exponent n = 4. The value of the exponent n and the low activation energy suggest that the crystalline growth is rate-controlled by the mobility of the pores, which migrate by atomic diffusion along the pore surfaces. We could thus estimate the cation self-diffusion coefficient along the surface in UO₂, NpO₂ and PuO₂. While data for surface diffusion coefficients for NpO₂ and PuO₂ are lacking in the literature, the comparison with literature data for UO₂ supports further the hypothesis of a surface diffusion controlled growth mechanism.

We report on the crystallite growth of nanometric NpO₂ and UO₂ powders.     

Photoluminescence of PdS2 and PdSe2 quantum dots

Group-10 transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) materials have recently attracted considerable attention in optoelectronics applications. However, so far their quantum dot (QD) counterparts with photoluminescence (PL) nature still remain to be revealed. In this study, 2 typical types of group-10 TMD material (PdS₂ and PdSe₂) QDs are fabricated via liquid exfoliation using N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) solvent. The absorption and PL spectra of these QD solutions are studied, exhibiting excitation wavelength-dependent behaviors and large Stokes shifts. Furthermore, the quantum yield and decay lifetime are also investigated and analyzed. The obtained results suggest promising optoelectronic applications with group-10 TMD QDs in the future.

PdS₂ and PdSe₂ QDs are fabricated via liquid exfoliation using NMP solvent. The PL behaviors of these QD solutions are studied. The obtained results suggest promising optoelectronic applications with group-10 TMD QDs in the future.     

Efficient and stable transduction of dopaminergic neurons in rat substantia nigra by rAAV 2/1, 2/2, 2/5, 2/6.2, 2/7, 2/8 and 2/9

Dysfunction of the nigrostriatal system is the major cause of Parkinson's disease (PD). This brain region is therefore an important target for gene delivery aiming at disease modeling and gene therapy. Recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV) vectors have been developed as efficient vehicles for gene transfer into the central nervous system. Recently, several serotypes have been described, with varying tropism for brain transduction. In light of the further development of a viral vector-mediated rat model for PD, we performed a comprehensive comparison of the transduction and tropism for dopaminergic neurons (DNs) in the adult Wistar rat substantia nigra (SN) of seven rAAV vector serotypes (rAAV 2/1, 2/2, 2/5, 2/6.2, 2/7, 2/8 and 2/9). All vectors were normalized by titer and volume, and stereotactically injected into the SN. Gene expression was assessed non-invasively and quantitatively in vivo by bioluminescence imaging at 2 and 5 weeks after injection, and was found to be stable over time. Immunohistochemistry at 6 weeks following injection revealed the most widespread enhanced green fluorescence protein expression and the highest number of positive nigral cells using rAAV 2/7, 2/9 and 2/1. The area transduced by rAAV 2/8 was smaller, but nevertheless almost equal numbers of nigral cells were targeted. Detailed confocal analysis revealed that serotype 2/7, 2/9, 2/1 and 2/8 transduced at least 70% of the DNs. In conclusion, these results show that various rAAV serotypes efficiently transduce nigral DNs, but significant differences in transgene expression pattern and level were observed.     

高血压病人定量运动前后氧及二氧化碳分压的变化

目的 研究高血压病人定时定量运动前后氧及二氧化碳分压的变化,以指导病人正常的运动。方法 选取 30例高血压病人,按 I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ期高血压分类,分别测定其运动前、后氧及二氧化碳分压,另选取 30例无高血压病和心、脑、肾等疾病者为对照组。结果 高血压患者动脉氧分压运动后较运动前均有不同程度的升高, I、Ⅱ期高血压病患者动脉氧分压较Ⅲ期运动后比运动前有明显提高。结论 适当的运动可能有助于 I、Ⅱ期高血压病人降压治疗。     

Non-invasive conjunctival PCO2 and PO2 monitoring during hyper- and hypoventilation

In order to evaluate potential applications of non-invasive fiberoptic conjunctival carbon dioxide (Pcj,CO2) and polarographic oxygen (Pcj,O2) sensors, we studied the effects of graded hyper- and hypoventilation on Pcj,CO2 and Pcj,O2 values in dogs. Pcj,CO2 values correlated well with Pa,CO2 (r = 0.95, n = 114); the mean Pcj,CO2--Pa,CO2 gradient was 4 +/- 3 (S.D.) Torr. Both hyper- and hypoventilation resulted in decreased Pcj,O2 values, whereas decreased Pa,O2 was observed only during hypoventilation; thus, the Pcj,O2/Pa,O2 index decreased during hyperventilation but was maintained during hypoventilation. Because both cerebral and conjunctival capillary beds vasoconstrict during hyperventilation, this methodology may assist in the non-invasive monitoring of cerebral oxygenation during cerebral resuscitation and surgery. Non-invasive Pcj,CO2 monitoring, which reflects Pa,CO2 during changes in ventilation, may be used to simplify ventilator management and weaning, as well as guide appropriate timing of arterial blood gas analysis in hemodynamically stable patients.     

Transcutaneous and capillary pCO2 and pO2 measurements in healthy adults

Transcutaneous carbon dioxide and oxygen tensions (tc-pCO2 and tc-pO2) were measured in seven healthy adult volunteers during hyperventilation in atmospheric air and during CO2 inhalation. Three skin sensors were applied to each subject: an O2 electrode, a CO2 electrode, and a combined O2-CO2 electrode, each heated to 44 degrees C. We observed close correlation between tc-pCO2 and capillary-pCO2, the relation being close to that calculated from the anaerobic temperature coefficient of pCO2 in blood. For O2, on the other hand, the relationship between transcutaneous and capillary values appeared more complex. Electrode drift during in-vivo monitoring was greater for pCO2 (up to 12%) than for pO2 (up to 7%), but generally we observed no differences in drift between the combined and the single electrodes. We conclude that tc-pCO2 measured with a single or a combined electrode reliably predicts capillary-pCO2 in healthy adults and that changes are rapidly observed. Our conclusions regarding tc-pO2 values are less definite because of uncertain interpretation of the capillary-pO2 values.