92例子宫内膜癌的临床特点及预后影响因素分析

目的 探讨子宫内膜癌的临床特点及与预后的相关性,为临床治疗提供依据.方法 回顾性分析手术初治的92例子宫内膜癌患者的临床资料,随访观察5年生存率,并对可能影响预后的临床指标进行单因素和多因素分析.结果 92例患者5年生存率为72.41%.单因素分析显示,病理类型、病理学分期、组织学分级、肌层浸润、宫颈受累、盆腔淋巴结转移与生存时间有显著相关性(P＜0.05).多因素回归分析表明,影响子宫内膜癌患者生存时间的独立预后因素为病理类型、组织学分级和肌层浸润.结论 病理类型、组织学分级和肌层浸润为影响子宫内膜癌患者生存时间的独立预后因素,据此制定规范化个体治疗方案有望提高患者的生存率.

Abstract：

Objective To study the dependablity of clinical characteristics and prognosis in patients with endometrial cancer,so as to apply the basis for the treatment. Methods The clinical and pathological data of 92 patients with endometrial cancer were analyzed retrospectively, 5-year survival rate was followed and observed. Using Cox proportional hazard regression analysis to evaluate the factors related to overall survival. Results The overall 5-year survival rate was 72.41%. Using univariate analysis, the survival time was correlated with histologic type, pathological staging, histologic grade, myometrium invasion,cervical invasion and lymph node metastasis (P＜0.05).Using multivariate analysis, the survival time was correlated with histologic type,histologic grade and myometrium invasion. Conclusions Histologic type, histologic grade and myometrium invasion are independent prognostic factors for survival time of patients. In order to improve the prognosis of the patients, they should be treated by individual therapies.     

残胃癌的临床病理特征及预后分析

目的 探讨残胃癌的临床病理特征及预后相关因素.方法 回顾性分析1992年3月至2009年9月收治的48例残胃癌患者的临床病理资料.结果 48例患者中.肿瘤位于吻合口32例,位于非吻合口16例.组织学分型:未分化癌2例,低分化腺癌32例,中分化腺癌12例,高分化腺癌2例.病理分期:Ⅰ期5例,Ⅱ期6例,Ⅲ期28例,Ⅳ期9例.根治性切除术患者1、3、5年生存率分别为100.0%、65.4%和32.5%,均显著高于姑息性切除术患者的28.5%、12.2%、0,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);病理分期Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ期的5年生存率分别为100.0%、66.7%、21.4%和0,各分期之间比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 残胃癌病变主要位于吻合口附近,其预后与是否行根治性手术和肿瘤病理分期密切相关.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors of remnant gastric cancer. Method Took a retrospective analysis on the clinical data of 48 patients with remnant gastric cancer from March 1992 to September 2009. Results Of these 48 cases,32 had lesion at anastomotic site and the remaining 16 located in non-anastomotic site. The histological type included 2undifferentiated adenocarcinoma,32 poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, 12 moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma and 2 well differentiated adenocarcinoma. The pathological stages included stage Ⅰ 5 cases,stage Ⅱ 6 cases,stage Ⅲ 28 cases and stage Ⅳ 9 cases. The 1-year,3-year and 5-year survival rates in patients with the radical treatment were 100.0% ,65.4% and 32.5% respectively, and which were significantly higher than those in patients without radical treatment (28.5% ,12.2% ,0),the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). The 5-year survival rates of pathological stage Ⅰ , Ⅱ , Ⅲ and Ⅳ were 100.0%,66.7% ,21.4% and 0 respectively, the differences between the various stages were statistically significant (P＜ 0.05). Conclusion The remnant gastric lesions are mainly located near the anastomosis, the prognosis of remnant gastric cancer is closely related to whether taken radical surgery and the tumor's pathological stage.     

年轻子宫内膜癌的临床特点及预后分析

目的 探讨年轻子宫内膜癌的临床特点及预后.方法 对82例确诊的子宫内膜癌患者进行回顾性分析,其中≤45岁31例(年轻组),＞45岁51例(年老组),分析两组患者的临床特点、诊治情况及预后.结果 年轻组原发性不孕率和妊娠＜3次率[38.7%(12/31)和74.2%(23/31)]明显高于年老组[3.9%(2/51)和29.4%(15/51)](P＜0.05).两组患者肌层浸润程度比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);而病理类型、组织学分级、手术病理分期、5年生存率及复发时间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 不孕或少孕为年轻子宫内膜癌的发病因素;年轻子宫内膜癌肌层浸润程度较年老患者轻,病理类型、组织学分级、手术病理分期与年老患者相似,但并没有获得比年老者更好的预后.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of young patients with endometrial cancer. Methods Eighty-two cases with endometrial cancer were analyzed retrospectively,31 cases in the young group were ≤ 45 years old, and 51 cases in the old group were ＞ 45 years old. The clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis between the two groups were compared. Results Twelve cases with primary infertility took up 38.7% in the young group,23 cases with less than 3 times of pregnancy occupied 74.2%, and there was no statistical difference,compared with the old group [3.9%(2/51)and 29.4% (15/51)] (P＜0.05). There was statistically significant between the two groups in myometrial invasion (P ＜ 0.05 ); while there was no significance between the two groups in pathological type, histological grade,clinical stage, 5-year survival rate and recurrence period (P＞0.05). Conclusion Infertility or less pregnancy are risk factors for endometrial cancer in the young; the degree of endometrial invasion in the young is more shallow than that in the old; there is no significant difference between the young and the old in pathological type, histological grade and clinical stage; but the prognosis is similar between the young and the old patients.     

骨桥蛋白和基质金属蛋白酶-9在胰腺癌中的表达及其临床意义

Objective To investigate the expression and the role of osteopontin(OPN)and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9)in the invasion and metastasis of pancreatic carcinoma.Methods Human pancreatic cancer cell line MIA PaCa-2 was cultured in vitro.The location of OPN protein in pancreatic tumor cell line was detected by immunofluorescence staining.100 cases of pancreatic cancer and 40 cases of adjacent normal pancreatic tissues were used to analysis.The expressions of OPN and MMP-9 were investigated by immunohistochemistry assay.Results OPN expressed in the cell membrane and cytoplasm,OPN and MMP-9 in pancreatic cancer tissues positive rates were 73.0%(73/100)and 68.0%(68/100),which were higher than that in adjacent normal pancreatic tissues(all P ＜ 0.05).OPN and MMP-9 expression were associated with pancreatic tumor grade,lymph node metastasis and perineural invasion of pancreatic cancer(P ＜ 0.05).OPN and MMP-9 in pancreatic cancer tissues were positively correlated(r,=0.39,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions OPN and M MP-2 might play an important role in the development of invasion and metastasis of pancreatic carcinoma.OPN and MMP-2 might play synergetic roles in the progression of pancreatic carcinoma.     

乳腺腺样囊性癌临床病理分析

目的 探讨乳腺腺样囊性癌(ACC)的病理诊断、免疫表型及临床预后.方法 复习6例乳腺腺样囊性癌的临床病理资料,采用免疫组织化学SP法进行免疫表型检测并进行分析,同时对患者进行随访.结果 6例均为女性,中位年龄58岁,左乳2例,右乳4例,最常见临床表现为单侧乳腺肿块,影像学无特征性改变,大体境界清楚,也可呈浸润性生长,镜下病理形态学多样,肿瘤成分包括腺上皮细胞(腺腔细胞)和肌上皮细胞(基底细胞)构成,免疫组化表型腺腔细胞表达CK7、E-Cadherin、CK5/6、CD117,基底细胞表达P63、SMA、s-100,6例均获随访资料,未出现复发及远处转移.结论 乳腺腺样囊性癌是一类少见类型的乳腺癌,有独特的组织学形态特征及免疫表型,预后较好.     

沉默VEGF基因对腺样囊性癌细胞侵袭的影响

目的：利用RNAi技术沉默腺样囊性癌细胞株ACC-2中VEGF的表达,探讨其对肿瘤细胞侵袭能力的影响。方法：利用RNAi技术沉默VEGF表达,用Transwell侵袭实验检测细胞体外侵袭能力的变化。结果：与对照组比较,VEGF的siRNA能有效地抑制实验组ACC-2细胞的侵袭能力。结论：沉默VEGF减弱腺样囊性癌的侵袭能力。     

腺样囊性癌的临床诊治进展

腺样囊性癌(ACC)是一种来源于腺体导管的低度恶性肿瘤,最常发生于涎腺组织[1],ACC以其独特的嗜神经侵袭性和肺高度转移性两大生物学特性吸引着众多肿瘤学研究者的关注,是涎腺肿瘤研究的热点. 一、ACC的流行病学 腺样囊性癌病因不明.虽然可以发生于任何年龄,但以40 ～ 60岁占绝大多数,女性稍多于男性,约1.2∶1.好发于涎腺,以小涎腺为多见.所有头颈部腺样囊性癌中,28％～ 42％发生在大涎腺,58％～72％发生在小涎腺[2].大涎腺中最常见发生于颌下腺,小涎腺最多见于腭腺.国内外有关ACC在不同腺体发生的构成比各不相同,但却在颌下腺及舌下腺中是居首位的恶性肿瘤[3].     

鉴别多房囊性肾细胞癌的主要CT征象及临界值

目的 探讨符合WHO 2004年诊断标准的多房囊性肾细胞癌(MCRCC)患者的CT特征及与其他亚型囊性肾细胞癌(CRCC)的鉴别要点.方法 依据是否符合WHO 2004年病理诊断标准将40例患者分为两组:MCRCC组及其他亚型CRCC组(CRCC组),复阅CT片,对比肿瘤直径、边界、密度、囊壁及分隔最大厚度、钙化、强化值等CT征象.采用ROC曲线法确定相关指标的临界值及诊断的特异度、灵敏度.结果 MCRCC组17例,CRCC组23例.MCRCC多表现为囊壁薄、分隔细小、无明显结节的囊性占位.囊壁及分隔最大厚度是鉴别MCRCC及其他亚型CRCC的惟一CT征象(P＜0.01),其临界值为6mm,诊断的灵敏度和特异度分别为89%和75%.结论 囊壁及分隔厚度小于6 mm是鉴别MCRCC与其他亚型CRCC的主要CT征象.

Abstract：

Objective To determine the main CT features and the key points of differential diagnosis of multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma (MCRCC) classified according to 2004 WHO pathological diagnostic criteria. Methods According to the criteria, 40 patients were divided into two groups: MCRCC group and other subtypes of cystic renal cell carcinoma (CRCC). The CT findings were evaluated and compared between two groups for cystic content, wall, septum, nodularity, calcification and enhancement. ROC curve was used to determine the cut-off value of the possible CT feature which could distinguish MCRCC from other subtypes of CRCC. Results Seventeen cases of MCRCC group and 23 cases of CRCC group were included in this study according to the diagnostic criteria. MCRCC appeared as a well defined multilocular cystic mass with thin wall and sepia and no expansile solid nodules. Thickness of cystic wall and/or septum is was main CT findings to distinguish MCRCC from other subtypes of CRCC (P ＜ 0.01 ). The cut-off value of the thickness was 6 mm and its sensibility, specificity was 89% ,75% respectively. Conclusion Cystic wall and/or septum with a thickness of less than 6 mm are the main CT findings to dis tinguish MCRCC from other subtypes of CRCC.     

石油钻井行业工人肌肉骨骼疾患及影响因素分析

目的 调查石油行业工人的职业性肌肉骨骼疾患情况,探讨可能的影响因素.方法 选取860名石油钻井行业工人为调查对象,采用国内出版、经过适当修改的北欧肌肉骨骼问卷进行流行病学横断面调查.结果 石油工人肌肉骨骼疾患年患病率排在前三位的部位分别是腰部(50.6%)、颈部(29.8%)、肩部(23.4%),除手腕、髋臀外,其他部位的年患病率在不同工龄段的差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).每周工作时间＞40 h的工人颈部、肩部、背部和腰部的肌肉骨骼疾患年患病率较每周工作＜40 h的工人高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).Logistic分析显示,职业因素中工作时长时间保持弯腰姿势、长时间站立、躯干重复性的弯曲、不适搬举姿势、搬举高质量物体等是腰部疾患的危险因素(P＜0.05),组织管理因素中经常加班、休息不足是腰部疾患的危险因素(P＜0.05).结论 石油行业工人肌肉骨骼疾患比较严重,应改善劳动姿势,减轻劳动强度,合理安排劳动休息制度等,并有计划地开展一定的健康促进活动等.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the morbidity and influence factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) in oil drillers. Methods The modified Nordic Standardized Questionnaire for WMSD was used to perform the epidemiological investigation in 860 oil drillers. Results The predominant sites of WMSD in the oil drillers were waist (50.6%), neck (29.8%) and shoulder (23.4%), respectively. There were significant differences of the WMSD morbidities in all body sites except for wrist and hip among groups with different working years (P＜0.05 of P＜0.01 ). The WMSD morbidities in the neck, shoulder, back and waist of oil drillers working for more than 40 h a week were significantly higher than those of oil drillers working for less than 40 h a week (P＜0.05). The results of logistic regression analysis revealed that some occupational factors, i.e. keeping stoop and stand for long time, repeating trunk bend, keeping awkward lift posture and lifting the heave objects, were the risk factors for WMSD at waist (P＜0.05 ), also some management factors, i.e. overtime work and inadequate rest, were the risk factors for WMSD at waist (P＜0.05). Conclusion The WMSD appears to be a serious ergonomic problem in oil drillers, it is necessary to correct working posture, reduce working load, improve organizational management, and encourage a workplace health program with regular work and rest.     

影响病毒性脑炎近期预后的相关危险因素分析

目的 探讨影响病毒性脑炎近期预后的相关危险因素.方法 回顾性分析124例病毒性脑炎患者的临床资料,应用格拉斯哥预后量表(COS)分级将患者分为预后良好组(89例)和预后不良组(35例).并选取14个危险因素进行Logistic回归分析.结果 单因素分析表明,抽搐持续时间、意识障碍、局灶性神经功能缺损,头颅MRI异常、脑电图重度异常与病毒性脑炎近期预后有显著相关性(P＜0.05);而年龄、性别、精神行为异常、脑膜刺激征、脑脊液(CSF)压力、CSF白细胞数、CSF蛋白、外周血白细胞计数、头颅CT异常与病毒性脑炎近期预后无显著相关性(P＞0.05).多因素分析表明,抽搐持续时间(OR=2.877,P=0.005)和头颅MRI异常(OR=16.582,P=0.008)为影响病毒性脑炎近期预后的独立危险因素.结论 病毒性脑炎的预后是多因素共同作用的结果,头颅MRI异常和抽搐持续时间是影响病毒性脑炎近期预后的独立危险因素.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the risk factors of short-term prognosis in patients with viral encephalitis. Methods Clinical data of 124 patients with viral encephalitis were analyzed retrospectively. All patients were divided into good prognosis group and poor prognosis group according to the Glasgow outcome scale. Fourteen related risk factors were chosen and multifactor Logistic regression analysis was made. Results Univariate analysis showed, the duration of seizure, consciousness disorder, deficiency of cranial nerves, severe abnormal electroencephalogram and abnormal cranial MRI had significant correlation with short-term prognosis (P＜0.05), but age, sex,behavior disorder, meningeal irritation sign, pressure of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), leukocyte number of CSF, protein level of CSF, peripheral white blood cell, and abnormal cranial CT had no correlation with short-term prognosis (P ＞0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the abnormal of cranial MRI and the duration of seizure were the independent risk factors of short-term prognosis. Conclusions The short-term prognosis of viral encephalitis relates with many factors. The abnormal cranial MRI and the duration of seizure are the important related risk factors.     

结直肠癌独立预后因素:TNM分期、肿瘤芽、神经周围侵犯、瘤旁淋巴细胞浸润和尿糖

目的探讨临床因素与病理形态学因素对结直肠癌预后的影响。方法运用单因素及多因素Cox比例风险模型对226例结直肠癌的临床与病理形态学因素与预后的关系进行分析。结果单因素分析显示肿瘤浸润深度、脉管侵犯、神经周围侵犯、肿瘤芽、肿瘤间质淋巴细胞浸润、Crohn’s样反应、转移淋巴结数目、远处转移、TNM分期、尿糖与预后有关。多因素分析显示年龄大、TNM分期高、肿瘤芽级别高、存在神经周围侵犯、肿瘤间质淋巴细胞浸润少及尿糖阳性的相对危险度高。结论年龄、TNM分期、肿瘤芽、神经周围侵犯、肿瘤间质淋巴细胞浸润和尿糖是估计结直肠癌患者预后的独立指标。     

细胞凋亡、血管内皮生长因子与食管鳞癌淋巴结转移及预后的关系

目的探讨食管鳞癌组织中细胞凋亡、血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）的表达与临床病理及预后的关系。方法采用原位DNA末端标记（TUNEL法）、免疫组化（S-P法）及组织病理学等方法，检测61例原发性食管鳞癌组织中细胞凋亡、VEGF的表达。计算出凋亡指数（AI）并测出VEGF的平均吸光度，进行单因素和多因素COX分析。结果AI和VEGF吸光度（A）与肿瘤的分化程度、TNM分期有关。低分化程度组和高TNM分期组VEGF吸光度明显高于高分化程度组及低TNM分期组（P〈0．01），而其AI值明显低于高分化程度组及低TNM分期组（P〈0．01）。浸润深度超过肌层组及有淋巴结转移组VEGF明显高于浸润深度未超过肌层及无淋巴结转移组（P〈0．01），而AI与浸润深度无关（P〉0．05）。单因素分析结果显示患者生存率降低与AI、VEGF、TNM分期、淋巴结转移、分化程度和浸润深度有关。将上述指标进行多因素COX分析，结果显示AI、VEGF是独立的预后因素。结论细胞凋亡和血管形成参与了食管鳞癌的形成；VEGF与食管鳞癌的血管形成密切相关，其表达增高与食管鳞癌的浸润及淋巴结转移有关；AI、VEGF是食管鳞癌独立的预后因素。     

胃癌手术患者预后影响因素分析

目的探讨胃癌患者术后生存的影响因素。方法应用单因素和多因素Cox回归分析方法,回顾性分析2000年1月-2005年12月有完整临床资料和随访资料的289例胃癌患者临床资料。结果 289例胃癌患者术后1年、3年和5年生存率分别为80.96%、50.87%和42.91%;单因素分析表明：肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移、远处转移、Bor-rmann分型、肿瘤部位、组织病理学分级、TNM分期和肿瘤的根治度、化疗疗程对胃癌患者的5年生存率均有影响（P〈0.05）。Cox回归分析显示：Borrmann分型、病理组织学分级、肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结及远处转移,TNM分期和化疗6个疗程7个因素是影响胃癌术后生存的独立因素（P〈0.05）。结论胃癌的Borrmann分型、病理组织学分级、肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移、远处转移、TNM分期和化疗6个疗程是影响其术后生存的重要因素。     

细胞凋亡、血管内皮生长因子与胃癌淋巴结转移及预后的关系

目的研究胃癌组织中细胞凋亡、血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）的表达与临床病理及预后的关系。方法采用原位DNA末端标记（TUNEL法）、免疫组化（S—P法）及组织病理学等方法,检测84例胃癌组织中细胞凋亡、VEGF的表达情况。计算出凋亡指数（AI）及VEGF阳性细胞的表达率,进行单因素和多因素COX分析。结果AI和VEGF阳性细胞的表达率与肿瘤的分化程度、TNM分期有关。低分化程度组和高TNM分期组VEGF阳性细胞的表达率明显高于高分化程度组和低TNM分期组（P〈0．01）,而其AI值明显低于高分化程度组和低TNM分期组（P〈0．01）。浸润深度超过肌层组及有淋巴结转移组VEGF阳性细胞的表达率明显高于浸润深度未超过肌层组及无淋巴结转移组（P〈0．01）,AI与浸润深度有关（P〈0．05）。单因素分析结果显示患者生存率降低与AI、VEGF、TNM分期、淋巴结转移、分化程度和浸润深度有关。将上述指标进行多因素COX分析,结果显示AI、VEGF是独立的预后因素。结论细胞凋亡和血管形成参与了胃癌的形成;VEGF与胃癌的血管形成密切相关,其阳性表达增高与胃癌的浸润及淋巴结转移有关;AI、VEGF是胃癌独立的预后因素。     

子宫腺肌病合并子宫内膜癌的临床病理分析

目的 研究子宫腺肌病合并子宫内膜癌患者的临床病理特征,并比较子宫腺肌病合并子宫内膜癌患者与单纯的子宫内膜癌患者的高危影响因素及其对复发与预后意义.方法 对凉山州第二人民医院妇产科2005年2月至2015年7月期间治疗的307例子宫内膜癌患者的临床病理资料进行了回顾性分析,其中子宫腺肌病合并子宫内膜癌患者31例(A组,10.1％),其余276例为单纯的子宫内膜癌患者(B组,89.9％),比较两组患者手术病理分期、病理类型、肌层浸润深度、雌激素受体和孕激素受体的表达、细胞学分型、腹水细胞学、淋巴结转移,复发率、3年无病存活率、3年总存活率等资料.结果 A组相比于B组,其肌层深度浸润较浅、组织分化程度好、PR阳性检测率高、ER阳性检测率高、复发率低、3年无病存活率高、3年总存活率高,差异均具有统计学意义(x2值分别为4.065、6.285、4.480、6.813、4.98、12.45、17.87,均P＜0.05).两组患者手术病理分期、年龄、绝经率、体重指数、腹水细胞学阳性率、淋巴结转移及病理类型比较差异均无统计学意义(x2值分别为1.47、2.31、1.22、1.76、1.21、2.04、2.57,均P＞0.05).结论 子宫腺肌病合并子宫内膜癌可能为雌激素依赖性肿瘤,肌层浸润较浅,组织分化好,相较单纯的性子宫内膜癌患者其高危因素少.患者术后复发率低,3年无病存活率高,3年总存活率高,预后较好.     

结直肠癌根治术后复发转移的危险因素分析

目的：探讨结直肠癌患者根治术后复发转移的相关临床病理危险因素。方法：选择2004年1月-2011年7月行结直肠癌根治术患者183例,Cox模型分析临床病理因素与复发转移的关系。结果：全组复发转移率为23.50%（43/183）。单因素分析显示,淋巴结转移、TNM分期、肠壁浸润深度、肠梗阻的存在与术后复发转移有关;多因素Cox模型分析显示,淋巴结转移、TNM分期、肠壁浸润深度、肠梗阻的存在是术后复发转移的危险因素。结论：淋巴结转移、TNM分期、肠壁浸润深度、肠梗阻的存在是结直肠癌患者根治术后复发转移的危险因素。     

影响子宫内膜癌预后的高危因素分析

目的:回顾性分析总结影响子宫内膜癌预后的高危因素。方法:对2000年12月~2004年12月中山大学附属第三医院、中山大学附属第二医院及中山大学附属肿瘤医院妇科收治的189例子宫内膜癌病例进行回顾性分析,进一步探讨病理类型、组织学分级、肌层浸润深度、淋巴结转移、手术病理分期、合并症与预后之间的关系。结果:手术病理分期、不同病理类型、组织学分级、有无肌层浸润和淋巴结转移中患者的生存曲线比较,结果均P<0.05,差异有统计学业意义;有无合并糖尿病、高血压或肥胖患者的生存曲线比较,结果均P>0.05,差异无统计学意义。COX回归多因素分析,组织学分级与肌层浸润深度对生存时间的影响差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:特殊病理类型、组织学低分化、深肌层浸润、淋巴结转移、期别晚是提示预后不良的高危因素。     

Postoperative radiotherapy in patients with salivary duct carcinoma: clinical outcomes and prognostic factors

This study sought to investigate the clinical outcome and the role of postoperative radiotherapy for patients with salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) who had undergone surgery and postoperative radiotherapy. We performed a retrospective analysis of 25 SDC patients treated between 1998 and 2011 with surgery and postoperative radiotherapy. The median prescribed dose was 60 Gy (range, 49.5–61.4 Gy). The clinical target volume (CTV) was defined as the tumor bed in four patients, the tumor bed and ipsilateral neck in 14 patients, and the tumor bed and bilateral neck in six patients. Local control (LC), disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and prognostic variables were analyzed with the log-rank test. The 5-year LC, DFS and OS were 67%, 45% and 47%, respectively. Disease recurrence was found in 12 patients: seven as local, four as regional and eight as distant failure. Perineural and lymphovascular invasion was a significant prognostic factor for LC (P = 0.03). Local failure was common, and the presence of local recurrence significantly affected the OS (P < 0.05). We conclude that surgery and postoperative radiotherapy is expected to decrease the risk of local failure and contribute to good prognoses for patients with SDC. It might be advisable to have the CTV include the cranial nerves involved and the corresponding parts of the skull base in cases of pathologically positive perineural invasion.     

胃癌患者根治术后预后因素分析

目的 分析影响胃癌根治术后患者预后的临床病理因素,提高对胃癌的认识及治疗水平,为临床诊治提供依据.方法 回顾性分析1999年1月至2009年12月收治并行标准胃癌根治术的胃癌患者的临床病理资料,符合标准的581例患者共随访到179例,建立数据库用SPSS 13.0软件进行分析.结果 单因素分析表明：胃癌根治术后患者预后影响因素包括年龄、肿瘤部位、肿瘤最大直径、大体类型、组织学类型、浸润深度、TNM分期、手术方式、标本切缘和淋巴结转移个数（P＜0.05或＜0.01）;性别与预后无相关性（P＞0.05）.多因素Cox回归分析提示：TNM分期和淋巴结转移个数是影响胃癌患者预后的独立因素,其中淋巴结转移个数是影响胃癌预后最重要的因素.结论 TNM分期和淋巴结转移个数是胃癌预后的独立影响因素,其中淋巴结转移个数是胃癌预后最为重要的影响因素,因此国际抗癌联盟的淋巴结分期是胃癌预后更好的判断指标.