PPAR-γ在COPD所致的肺动脉高压患者中的表达变化

Objective To investigate the relationship among peroxisome proliferators - activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), pul-monary arterial systolic pressure(PASP) ,and insulin resistance in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients. Methods A-mong 63 COPD patients, 30 patients with level of PASP above 40mmHg were enrolled in PAH group and other 33 patients were enrolled in COPD group. Twenty healthy medical examination subjects were enrolled in control group. The expression of PPAR-γ, mRNA was detected by real time fluorescent quantitative RT- PCR. Radioimmunoassay was used to measure the level of fasting plasma insulin (FIN). Fasting plas-ma glucose (FPG) was detected by glucose oxidase method. Results The expression of PPAR-γ mRNA was significantly decreased in PAH and COPD group, while FPG, FIN and IRI increased significantly. PAH group had more increased PASP, decreased expression of PPAR-γ and higher IRI than COPD group. Expression of PPAR-γ was negatively related to PASP and IRI. Conclusions The significantly down reg-ulated expression of PPAR-γ maybe explain the higher FPG and PASP.     

股骨头成形术治疗股骨头无菌性坏死的动物实验研究

Objective An experiment study on the femoral head plastic operation to prevent and treat aseptic necrosis of the femoral head. Methods 60 Chinese white rabbits were equally random divided into 4 groups. The four groups except A group were made a globose defect and filled with 95% alcohol tampon for 30 minutes. The B group was natural repair group. The C group was filled with bone cement after being made defect. The D group was filled with bone cement added barium sulfate agent after being made defect. After 12 weeks, all rabbits in four groups were killed. The specimens were random divided into two parts. The articular cartilage was observed and measured immediately. The other specimen was determined with histological examination and extreme anti-pressure rigidity test . Result The femoral heads of bone cement group and the femoral heads of contrast agent bone cement group kept their outline all the time through the articular cartilage observation. After 12 weeks the cartilage thickness of natural repair group (511.74 ± 69.00) was thinner than the other three groups [ control group ( A group ) (511.74 ± 69 00 );Bone cement group ( C group) (468. 36 ± 82. 99 ); Bone cement group contrast agent ( D group ) ( 515.61 ±64. 65 ) ], and it had significant difference ( P < 0. 05, P < 0. 01 ). The rigidity of natural repair group [ (676. 57 ±50. 92) N/mm] had significant difference with that of the other three groups[ A group( 884. 66±52. 29)N/mm;C group(1178.40 ± 170.45) N/mm;D group(928.60 ± 104.42) N/mm] ( P <0.05, P<0. 01 ). Conclusions Femoral head plastic operation was simple and it could release pain. And femoral head outline could be kept integrity. It would be a new operation which was used to treat young patients in Ficat Ⅱ～Ⅲ period to postpone or substitute total hip replacement.     

新疆宫颈癌高发区维吾尔族人群人乳头瘤病毒亚型的研究

目的 分析人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)各亚型在新疆宫颈癌高发区维吾尔族人群中的分布.方法 通过凯普导流杂交HPV DNA检测法,对新疆墨玉县喀尔赛乡维吾尔族男性尿道分泌物及女性宫颈分泌物(各400例)进行21种HPV亚型的检测.结果 (1)女性HPV感染总阳性率为14.25%,HPV亚型按其出现的频率依次为HPV16、58、39、18、33、52、43、66、CP8304、6、11,其中HPV16在HPV阳性者中比例最高(66.67%).(2)男性HPV总阳性率为8.00%,其中HPV16在HPV阳性者中比例最高(44.44%);HPV亚型按其出现的频率依次为HPV16、43、33、39、6(39和6型并列)、53.(3)夫妻间配对后发现男、女性HPV感染类型不同;女性HPV感染者的配偶中大部分HPV阴性;而男性HPV阳性者的配偶中也大部分HPV阴性.夫妻HPV感染吻合率为7.02%,而男性HPV感染与女性吻合率为9.38%.结论 HPV在新疆维吾尔族人群中的阳性率均较低,但HPV阳性者中高危型HPV尤其是HPV16的构成比高,HPV16是新疆地区维吾尔族人群中流行的主要病毒类型.

Abstract：

Objective To study the distribution of human papilloma virus(HPV)subtypes in Uyghur people from the high risk region of cervical cancer in Xinjiang. Methods 21 subtypes of HPV from 400 cases of men's swabs of penile and 400 cases of women's cervix swabs were detected, using flow-through hybridization and gene chip technology. Results(1)The positive rate of HPV among the 400 women cases was 14.25% ,with HPV16 the most common type. In women whose HPV was positive, the positive rate of HPV16 was 66.67%. The ranking of frequencies on the HPV subtypes in women were: HPV 16, 58,39, 18,33,52,43,66, CP8304, HPV6 and 11.(2)Among the 400 male cases, the positive rate of HPV was 8.00%, with HPV16 the most common type. In men whose HPV was positive, the rate of HPV16 was 44.44%. The ranking of HPV subtypes in men were HPV16, 43, 33, 39, 6(HPV39 and 6 are equivalent)and 53.(3)Both wives and husbands were infected by different subtypes of HPV, the positive rate was relatively low among men whose wife's HPV were positive. However, the HPV positive rate was relatively low among women whose husband's HPV were positive. The concordance infection rate of women and men were 7.02% and the concordance infection rate of men and women were 9.38%. Conclusion The HPV positive rates were relatively low in both men and women living in the region with high risk of cervical cancer in Xinjiang. However, the positive rate of high risk types HPV and HPVI6 in both men and women were relatively high. Uyghur men seemed to have played a certain role related to the carcinogenensis of cervical cancer. HPV16 was the main type in both men and women in Xinjiang.     

ENPP1基因多态位点与左心室肥厚的关系研究

Objective To examine the association between genetic polymorphism of rs1409181 in ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) among older Chinese in Guangzhou. Methods 390 subjects aged ≥50 years were randomly selected from the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study-CVD. Information on personal history, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose and lipids were collected. Color Doppler ultrasound was used to measure the indicators of LVH, including left ventricular internal diastolic diameter (LVIDD) , thickness of the interventricular septum diastolic wall (IVSD) and the posterior wall diastolic diameter (LVPWD). LVIDD was calculated using Devereux ventricular mass (LVM)equation while the Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) equation was used to estimate LVH. The genotype of rs1409181 was determined by Taqman SNP genotyping kits using the ABI 7900HT real time PCR system. Results In the GG, CG and CC genotype groups, the proportions of LVH were 21.5%, 28.2% and 37.5% respectively. Compared with GG, the adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for the LVH were 1.39(0.78-2.50) and 2.36(1.21-4.60) for CG genotype and CC genotype of ENPP1 respectively (P for trend=0.01). Conclusion Polymorphism of ENPP1 gene rs1409181 was associated with LVH in the older Chinese people in Guangzhou.     

ENPP1基因多态位点与左心室肥厚的关系研究

Objective To examine the association between genetic polymorphism of rs1409181 in ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) among older Chinese in Guangzhou. Methods 390 subjects aged ≥50 years were randomly selected from the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study-CVD. Information on personal history, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose and lipids were collected. Color Doppler ultrasound was used to measure the indicators of LVH, including left ventricular internal diastolic diameter (LVIDD) , thickness of the interventricular septum diastolic wall (IVSD) and the posterior wall diastolic diameter (LVPWD). LVIDD was calculated using Devereux ventricular mass (LVM)equation while the Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) equation was used to estimate LVH. The genotype of rs1409181 was determined by Taqman SNP genotyping kits using the ABI 7900HT real time PCR system. Results In the GG, CG and CC genotype groups, the proportions of LVH were 21.5%, 28.2% and 37.5% respectively. Compared with GG, the adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for the LVH were 1.39(0.78-2.50) and 2.36(1.21-4.60) for CG genotype and CC genotype of ENPP1 respectively (P for trend=0.01). Conclusion Polymorphism of ENPP1 gene rs1409181 was associated with LVH in the older Chinese people in Guangzhou.     

脑血管疾病患者血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶水平变化及临床意义

To explore the application of NSE in the serum in the diagnosis of the cerebrovascular disease.Methods Serum levels of NSE from 195 patients with cerebrovascular disease and normal controls were detected with ELISA. The blood samples from the patients were acquired within 3 days after the outbreak of cerebrovascular disease and taken again after 2 weeks from 148 of all cases. The result of detecting of NSE was analysed in comparison with and the level of NSE in the CSF. Result There was significance difference between the level of NSE in the serum of patient with cerebrovascular diseases and that of normal controls when the Analysis of Variance was used to analyze the value of measurement. The same outcome was also got using ANOVA to analyze the different test group with the blood samples were acquired within 3 days. ( F = 24.94, P = 0. 000). But in the other hand, there was no evidently different in the different group made up patients if LSD was put in use instead of the ANOVA.Corelation analysis of NSE concentration was done between the in the blood samples in 3 days and those 2 weeks later (r = 0.884, t = 37.904, p = 0.000), NSE concentration in the blood samples and those in the CSF(r = 0.969, t = 8. 695, p = 0. 000), and the outcome show that there was difference between them.The same comparison between NSE concentration was done between the in the blood samples in 3 days and Head CT(r=O.857,p =O.000),Nerve Function Defect(r=0.848,p=0.000).Concluslon Thelevels of NSE in sera of patients with eerebrovascular disease were positive related with the degree of Cerebral infarction or volume of Hematoma shown by Head CT. Therefore, it would contribute to diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease if the detecting of NSE was applied in clinical laboratory.     

Clinical significance of anti-beta 2 glycoprotein Ⅰ antibodies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus complicated with thrombocytopenia

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of anti-β2 glycoprotein Ⅰ(anti-β2GP Ⅰ)antibodies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)and to assess their association with lupus thrombocytopenia.Methods Anti-β2GP Ⅰ antibodies were tested in 108 SLE patients(including 37thrombocytopenia patients),30 patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA)and 30 healthy individuals by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The clinical features and laboratory findings were collected,and the associations of anti-β2GP Ⅰ antibody with laboratory findings and disease activity were analyzed.Results Sensitivities of anti-β2GP Ⅰ antibody were 19.44%(21/108)in SLE and 10%(3/30)in RA,respectively.The specificity of anti-β2GP Ⅰ antibody was 95.0% in SLE.The anti-β2GP Ⅰ antibody titers of the SLE group were significantly higher than normal group(P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant correlation between anti-β2GP Ⅰ antibodies and thrombocytopenia(r =-0.028,P ＞0.05).Anti-β2GP Ⅰ antibody was positively correlated to anticardiolipin antibody(r = 0.566,P ＜ 0.01).No associations were found between anti-β2GP Ⅰ antibody and other clinical and laboratory features.There was no statistical correlation between the level of anti-β2GP Ⅰ antibody and SLEDAI scores.Conclusions Anti-β2GP Ⅰ antibody had high specificity in SLE.There was no significant correlation between anti-β2GP Ⅰ antibodies and lupus thrombocytopenia.     

葡萄糖酸镁对离体大鼠心肌缺血再灌注细胞凋亡的影响

Objective To observe the protective effect of magnesium gluconate on myocardial apoptosis by ischemia reperfusion injury in isolated rat hearts, and study the possible mechanism. Methods The hearts of 48 Sprague-Dawely rats were isolated, linked to Lange-ndorff perfusion apparatus, and randomly divided into 3 equal groups(n = 16 each) : Control group, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) group and magnesium gheonate group. 8 rats in each group were perfused. Control group was pedused with modified KH buffer for 110min. I/B group was perfuesd with modified KH buffer for 20 min, then exposed to iscbemia for 30 min, and then reperfused with modified KH buffer for 60 min. Magnesium gheonate group was perfumed with modified KH buffer with magnesium gluconate for 20 min, then exposed to isohemia for 30 min and then reperfused with modified KH buffer with magnesium glueonate for 60 min. Lacate dehydrogenase (LDH) and ereatine kinase (CK) in the effluent liquid from the heart were measured after reperfusion. The concentration of Ca2+ and NO in the left ventricle were determined. The other 8 rats in each group were reperfused for 120 minutes as the method described before. After repeffusion, the myoeyte apoptosis was examined by Annexin-V-FITC/PI. After the two experiments the incidence of ventrieular arrhytlunias during reperfusion was assessed. Results Compared with I/R, magnesium glueonate decreased the incidence of ventricular an'hythmias(P <0. 01). The contents of CK and LDH in the effluent liquid from the heart in magnesium glueonate group was lower than that of I/R group (P <0. 01). The contents of Ca2+ and NO in the left ventricle in magnesium gluconate group was decreased than that of I/R group (P <0. 01). The index of myocyte apoptosis were significanfly lower in magnesium glueonate group than that of I/R group (apoptosis index :27.79±1.59 vs 33.61±2.10, P < 0. 01) . Conclusion Magnesium glueonate has protective effect on myocardial isohemia reperfusion injury in rats. The protective effect may be related to decreasing myocyte apoptosis by increasing the content of NO and relieving calcium overload.     

葡萄糖酸镁对离体大鼠心肌缺血再灌注细胞凋亡的影响

Objective To observe the protective effect of magnesium gluconate on myocardial apoptosis by ischemia reperfusion injury in isolated rat hearts, and study the possible mechanism. Methods The hearts of 48 Sprague-Dawely rats were isolated, linked to Lange-ndorff perfusion apparatus, and randomly divided into 3 equal groups(n = 16 each) : Control group, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) group and magnesium gheonate group. 8 rats in each group were perfused. Control group was pedused with modified KH buffer for 110min. I/B group was perfuesd with modified KH buffer for 20 min, then exposed to iscbemia for 30 min, and then reperfused with modified KH buffer for 60 min. Magnesium gheonate group was perfumed with modified KH buffer with magnesium gluconate for 20 min, then exposed to isohemia for 30 min and then reperfused with modified KH buffer with magnesium glueonate for 60 min. Lacate dehydrogenase (LDH) and ereatine kinase (CK) in the effluent liquid from the heart were measured after reperfusion. The concentration of Ca2+ and NO in the left ventricle were determined. The other 8 rats in each group were reperfused for 120 minutes as the method described before. After repeffusion, the myoeyte apoptosis was examined by Annexin-V-FITC/PI. After the two experiments the incidence of ventrieular arrhytlunias during reperfusion was assessed. Results Compared with I/R, magnesium glueonate decreased the incidence of ventricular an'hythmias(P <0. 01). The contents of CK and LDH in the effluent liquid from the heart in magnesium glueonate group was lower than that of I/R group (P <0. 01). The contents of Ca2+ and NO in the left ventricle in magnesium gluconate group was decreased than that of I/R group (P <0. 01). The index of myocyte apoptosis were significanfly lower in magnesium glueonate group than that of I/R group (apoptosis index :27.79±1.59 vs 33.61±2.10, P < 0. 01) . Conclusion Magnesium glueonate has protective effect on myocardial isohemia reperfusion injury in rats. The protective effect may be related to decreasing myocyte apoptosis by increasing the content of NO and relieving calcium overload.     

囊性肾癌的临床分析

目的提高囊性肾癌的诊治水平,提高对囊性肾癌的认识。方法回顾性分析2001年6月～2006年1月收治的16例囊性肾癌患者的流行病学、病理学、临床表现、影像学特征及临床治疗资料,并与TNM分期构成与囊性肾癌组相同的11例非囊性肾癌比较预后。结果囊性肾癌无特征性的临床表现,术前影像学检查可以提供诊断线索,经病理确诊肾癌囊性变10例,多囊性肾癌4例,单纯性囊肿癌变2例。结论囊性肾癌是一类在影像学和大体病理上具有囊性改变的肾癌的统称,由3种病理学类型构成,术前正确鉴别各亚型是选择手术方式和判断预后的关键。     

囊性肾癌的影像学诊断分析

目的 认识囊性肾癌的影像学特征，提高对囊性肾癌的早期诊治水平。方法 回顾性分析1998年6月～2006年6月收治的21例囊性肾癌患者的影像学及临床资料。21例患者均经手术．和病理证实。结果 常规超声联合彩色多普勒超声的诊断准确率为86％；增强CT的诊断准确率为81％；二者联合诊断准确率为100％。结论 囊性肾癌影像学表现复杂多变，常规超声联合彩色多普勒超声和增强CT对囊性肾癌的诊断有重要价值。根治性肾切除术是囊性肾癌的首选治疗方法。     

Three cases of retroperitoneal cystic lymphangioma

Retroperitoneal cystic lymphangioma is a rare benign tumor. Three cases of retroperitoneal cystic lymphangioma with histological proof were reported. Every case revealed similar characteristic appearances on CT, such as 1. unilocular or multilocular cystic mass with homogeneous near-water density, 2. non-enhanced or slightly enhanced wall and septum, 3. commonly thin wall without irregularity, 4. compression of surrounding organs with sharp margin. No secondary changes such as hydronephrosis and ischemic change were noted in the surrounding compressed organs, revealing that this tumor is soft and the growth is slow. Several differential diagnoses were considered, but diagnosis was not so difficult on CT, considering anatomical relations and clinical appearances.     

A case of multilocular cystic nephroma

Multilocular cystic nephroma is an uncommon and usually benign nephroblastic neoplasm. Considering its therapeutic indication, it is important to distinguish this lesion from malignant renal masses. The lesion usually shows a well-encapsulated, multilocular cystic mass on US and CT. Occasionally, imaging studies are not useful for preoperative diagnosis, however, surgical biopsy should be considered for correct pathological diagnosis.     

Multiple Organ Involvement with Hydatid Cysts

Hydatid disease is the most common infections worldwide, but it rarely involves multiple organs. Herein, a 12-year-old boy is presented, who was admitted to Children''s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran with symptoms of irritability, sleepless, and weakness of the extremities. Patient''s brain computed tomography (CT) scan with contrast media showed large multilocular cystic lesions in right temporal lobe associated with two other smaller similar cystic lesions in centrum semiovale bilaterally. Abdominal sonography revealed intestinal mesenteric and a cardiac cyst. Abdomino-pelvic CT scan showed a cyst medial to the cecum and a cortical cyst in the left kidney as well as a heart cyst. The echocardiography confirmed hydatid cysts at apical and interventricular septum. Serology test was positive for hydatid cyst. Albendazole and praziquantel were started for the patient immediately and right temporal lobe lesions were removed via neurosurgery intervention. After one month, cardiac and mesenteric cysts were operated during two separate surgeries. Pathologic findings of all cysts were compatible with hydatid cyst. Cystic hydatidosis should be suspected in any cystic mass, whilst prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatments are the keys in management of affected patients.     

Uncommon renal tumor in children

We experienced six rare cases of solid renal tumor, which include two benign (CMN, MLCN) and four malignant tumors (CCSK 2, MRTK2). CMN is the most common benign solid tumor in the neonate. MLCN has typical US or CT findings manifested by multilocular cysts and thick wall septa. CCSK and MRTK are rare malignant neoplasms, which present characteristic clinical findings such as bone metastasis or intracranial metastasis. It is important for the radiologist to understand those characteristic clinical presentation of these tumors, because differential diagnosis is often impossible just on the basis of imaging.     

彩色多普勒超声对囊性肾癌的诊断价值研究

目的:探讨彩色多普勒超声对囊性肾癌的诊断价值。方法:对疑似或查体疑似囊性肾癌的患者进行彩色多普勒超声检查。结果:50例手术后经病理证实的囊性肾癌患者其二维声像图表现及彩色多普勒表现具有一定的特征。结论:彩色多普勒超声能提高囊性肾癌的诊断率。     

胆囊癌的CT诊断临床分析

目的：分析胆囊癌的CT影象表现,旨在提高胆囊癌的诊断水平。方法对22例经手术以及病理证实胆管癌患者的CT影像学和临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果胆囊癌患者CT检查均有明显改变,主要有胆囊壁增厚型、腔内结节型、肿块型、合并肝脏和其他脏器受侵、以及淋巴结转移、胆管扩张、胆囊结石等间接征象。结论 CT诊断技术在胆囊癌诊断方面具有较高的临床价值,值得临床推广使用。但其存在一定的局限性;细心分析胆囊及其周围的结构、器官的改变,有助提高胆囊癌的 CT 诊断水平。     

Application of computer tomography-oriented criteria for stroke subtype classification in a prospective study

PURPOSE: To apply stroke subclassification criteria based on computer tomography (CT) to strokes in the Nurses' Health Study and to assess reliability and validity of the criteria. METHODS: Among 121,701 women aged 30-55 years at entry, subclassification criteria were applied to 1369 incident strokes which occurred from 1976 to 1994. Reproducibility of the subclassification criteria was assessed in a systematic sample of 100 strokes reviewed by two independent reviewers. As a validation, relative risks (RR) for stroke subtypes were examined in a prospective analysis of 112,282 women aged 34 to 59 years, free of cardiovascular disease and cancer in 1980, with follow-up through 1994. RESULTS: Strokes were subclassified as follows: 226 subarachnoid hemorrhages, 135 intraparenchymal hemorrhages, 103 embolic, 217 large-artery occlusive, 309 lacunar, and 97 other thrombotic infarctions, as well as 282 strokes of undetermined type. No intercoder discrepancies were found in classification of subarachnoid hemorrhage, intraparenchymal hemorrhage, or embolic infarction, whereas there were four discrepancies relative to subclassification of thrombotic infarction, mostly due to inconsistent documentation of CT findings. In multivariate models, associations of older age (> 60 years), current smoking, history of diabetes, and high cholesterol with stroke subtypes were consistent with previous epidemiologic, clinical, or pathologic findings. CONCLUSIONS: Stroke diagnostic criteria based primarily on CT were found to have a high rate of reliability and validity. These stroke subclassification criteria may be useful in examining whether associations for various lifestyle and health behaviors differ with stroke subtypes.     

肾平滑肌肉瘤的CT表现

目的:讨论肾平滑肌肉瘤的CT表现。方法:对9例经病理证实的肾平滑肌肉瘤的CT征象进行回顾性分析。结果:CT表现为均匀高密度肿块2例,高、低、等混杂密度,其内有坏死、囊变6例,表现为均匀等密度肿块1例。CT增强扫描肿块多呈不均匀强化,其内可见液化、坏死征象。结论:肿块较大,坏死、囊变明显及肿块内出血为肾平滑肌肉瘤的主要CT表现,但其影像学表现于肾癌相似,术前难以鉴别,最终确诊依靠病理学检查。