心脏直视手术患者并存颈动脉严重狭窄的处理

并存颈动脉严重狭窄的心脏直视手术主要见于冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG),少部分为老年人的瓣膜置换术和升主动脉置换术.颈动脉狭窄检出率的差异(3%～22%)视筛查的方法和狭窄的定义而有所变动,并且与冠状动脉疾病的严重性呈正相关.     

冠心病合并颈动脉狭窄的临床治疗经验与体会

目的探讨冠心病并发颈动脉狭窄手术治疗方法,分析手术的步骤及疗效。方法选取2013年8月~2014年8月我院收治的20例冠心病合并颈动脉狭窄患者作为研究对象。其中,稳定性心绞痛患者17例,首先进行颈内动脉内膜剥脱术,然后在心脏停跳的情况下行冠状动脉旁路移植手术;另外频发心绞痛的患者3例,首先在心脏停跳的情况下行冠状动脉旁路移植术,然后行颈内动脉内膜剥脱术。结果 20例患者手术均顺利成功,术后出现高血压症状4例,手术切口肿胀1例,所有患者均顺利康复出院,手术后30天内未出现患者死亡,在术后6~12个月随访中20例患者均未出现神经系统症状、心肌梗死以及心绞痛等。结论对于冠心病合并颈动脉狭窄患者,采用同期行冠状动脉旁路移植术和颈内动脉内膜剥脱术具有理想的疗效。     

196例瓣膜病颈动脉造影结果分析

重度的颈动脉狭窄是心脏手术如瓣膜置换术、冠状动脉旁路移植术围手术期发生脑卒中并发症的不可忽视的原因之一。瓣膜病合并冠心病的伴发率约为12％，目前国内尚未见瓣膜病合并颈动脉狭窄伴发情况的有关报道。     

冠状动脉旁路移植同期颈动脉内膜剥脱术

目的总结冠心病并发颈动脉狭窄同期手术治疗的经验,并对手术适应证和手术方法进行探讨.方法冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病并发颈动脉狭窄11例中,7例先行颈动脉内膜剥脱术(CEA),然后在心脏跳动下行冠状动脉旁路移植术(off-pump CABG);3例先行CEA,然后在体外循环(CPB)下行CABG,其中1例同期二尖瓣成形术,1例在CPR下先行CEA,然后再行CABG.结果术后30d内死亡2例,余9例术后10d内出院,随诊5个月～1年无死亡,复查未发现持续和短暂神经系统症状,无心绞痛和心肌梗死再发生.结论颈动脉内膜剥脱术和冠状动脉旁路移植术可以同期进行,同期手术减少了分期手术间歇期的风险.术中科学规范的外科操作是取得良好效果的关键.     

肾动脉支架术在需行冠状动脉旁路术合并肾动脉狭窄患者的应用

目的研究需行冠状动脉旁路术患者合并肾动脉狭窄的肾动脉支架治疗,以防止冠状动脉旁路术术后发生急性肾功能不全.方法自2001年4月至2005年1月,我院对拟行冠状动脉旁路术的892例患者中的874例(98%)在冠状动脉造影同时行肾动脉造影,共检出肾动脉狭窄行支架术治疗患者82例(占9%),狭窄肾动脉104支,狭窄＞70%或跨狭窄压差＞20 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133kPa).82例中男56例,女26例,平均年龄66.6±5.1(56～77)岁,合并高血压者77例,肾功能减退者21例.肾动脉支架术前不用抗血小板药物及低分子量肝素,术前抗凝用肝素.支架内径4～7mm,长度14～22mm.肾动脉支架术均先行球囊扩张,再置入支架.每例患者造影剂一次用量35ml～200mi.80例肾动脉支架术后5天内行冠状动脉旁路术,2例肾动脉支架术后第13、15天内行冠状动脉旁路术.结果104处病变肾动脉支架成功率100%,无并发症.术前肾功能减退者中9例于出院时血肌酐下降,3例支架术后一过性血肌酐升高;术前肾功能正常者中4例支架术后一过性血肌酐升高,P＞0.05.所有支架术后一过性血肌酐升高均为双侧肾动脉重度狭窄.892例接受冠状动脉旁路术者术后未发生急性肾功能不全;2001年4月之前我院共行冠状动脉旁路术106例,术前均未行肾动脉造影,其中2例术后发生急性肾功能不全.结论肾动脉狭窄可致冠状动脉旁路术术后急性肾衰的发生,本组冠状动脉旁路术前行肾动脉支架术者占9%.需冠状动脉旁路术者肾动脉狭窄病变多符合动脉硬化病变特点,由于术前成功置入肾动脉支架,冠状动脉旁路术后无一例发生急性肾功能衰竭.肾动脉支架术是治疗肾动脉狭窄的安全有效且简便易行的方法.为防止冠状动脉旁路术术中及术后出血并发症,肾动脉支架术者于冠状动脉旁路术术前应停用抗血小板药及低分子量肝素,因此,尽量缩短肾动脉支架术与冠状动脉旁路术的时间间隔,既可以减少肾动脉支架术后血栓并发症,亦可以减少患者持续卧床的时间.肾动脉支架术对冠心病行冠状动脉旁路术合并肾动脉狭窄并肾功能减退患者的术后肾功能改善有益.     

冠状-锁骨下动脉窃取综合征的治疗

目的确定锁骨下动脉血管重建术是否可以避免和治疗冠状动脉和锁骨下动脉窃取综合征.方法 1985年-2004年40名被诊断患有冠心病伴锁骨下动脉阻塞病,其中在冠状动脉移植手术前被诊断的病人为组1(n=10),冠状-锁骨下动脉窃取综合征发生在冠状动脉旁路移植手术后被诊断的病人为组2(n=30).组1病人直接接受同侧锁骨下动脉旁路移植术和同侧乳内动脉被使用为至少冠状动脉旁路当中的一个管道.组2病人接受胸外锁骨下动脉-颈动脉旁路术,20例经皮下穿刺血管成形和支架术,作为冠状-锁骨下动脉窃取综合征的治疗.结果所有病人经过治疗后症状消失.一名病人接受了经皮血管成形和支架术后,死于进行性的肾衰竭.随访共计为117病人年(平均3.1年/病人).组1血管旁路移植术后的开放率是100%(平均随访3.7年).组2经过经皮穿刺血管内成形和支架术或旁路移植术后(平均随访2.9年).结论锁骨下动脉血管重建术可以避免冠状-锁骨下动脉窃取综合征,并对其提供有效的治疗,同时降低了手术风险.中期随访显示旁路管道具有良好的开放率.     

高龄病人冠状动脉旁路移植术的临床分析——附32例报道

目的 总结高龄病人行冠状动脉旁路移植术病人的特点.方法 对近8年来32例75岁以上冠心病病人行冠状动脉旁路移植术(coronary artery bypass grafting,CABG),其中行不停搏冠状动脉旁路移植术25例,体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术4例(占12%),体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术加二尖瓣置换3例(占9%).结果 32例高龄冠状动脉旁路移植术病人无院内死亡,平均术后气管插管时间12 h,重症监护病房停留时间4 d,术后住院时间18 d,术后引流量831 ml.共有29例次术后发生各种不同的并发症.20例随访3～88个月,晚期死亡3例(占9%),其中因心脏病死亡2例(占6%).结论 高龄冠心病病人只要一般情况好,无严重肺、肝、肾和脑疾病,选择合适的手术方式,加强围手术期处理,可获得良好的手术效果.不停搏冠状动脉旁路移植术可显著降低术后并发症的发生率及院内病死率,为高龄冠状动脉旁路移植术病人首选术式.     

急诊冠状动脉旁路移植术围术期临床分析

目的探讨急诊冠状动脉旁路移植术围术期处理原则。方法选择急诊冠状动脉旁路移植术患者49例,并对患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 9例在体外平行循环支持下行冠状动脉旁路移植术,40例在非体外循环下行冠状动脉旁路移植术,围术期使用主动脉内球囊反搏装置25例,其中术前置入18例,术中置入5例,术后置入2例。术中同期行二尖瓣手术8例,围术期死亡3例,病死率6.1%。结论急诊冠状动脉旁路移植术是治疗危重急性心肌梗死的有效方法,但需要多学科的心脏中心以及一定数量的常规冠状动脉旁路移植术的技术和经验。     

不符合NASCET纳入标准的高危有症状颈动脉狭窄患者的颈动脉成形支架置入术治疗

目的 探讨支架置入术治疗不符合NASCET纳入标准的高危有症状颈动脉狭窄患者的有效性和安全性.方法 对20例不符合NASCET纳入标准的高危有症状颈动脉狭窄患者进行颈动脉支架置入术治疗,其中男性12例,女性8例,年龄62～76岁(平均69岁),短暂性脑缺血发作11例,脑梗死9例.所有患者数字减影血管造影显示颈动脉狭窄程度＞70%(NA-SCET标准),其中-侧颈动脉重度狭窄9例(2例为内膜切除术后再狭窄),双侧颈动脉重度狭窄6例,一侧颈动脉闭塞伴对侧重度狭窄5例(1例为鼻咽癌放疗术后).所有患者均使用栓子保护装置,均采用预扩张和自膨式支架.结果 手术成功率100%,残余狭窄率均＜30%.所有患者术中均出现不同程度的一过性心率和血压下降,1例患者并发微栓子栓塞.其余患者围手术期内无缺血性卒中发作.术后复查颈动脉超声见狭窄显著改善.术后1个月和3个月随访均未发现同侧缺血性卒中和冠状动脉缺血事件.结论 颈动脉支架置入术创伤小、围手术期并发症少,治疗外科手术高危的有症状颈动脉狭窄是安全和有效的.     

肾动脉狭窄支架置入术后冠状动脉旁路移植术的安全性及疗效

目的:探讨冠心病患者肾动脉狭窄支架置入术后行冠状动脉(冠脉)旁路移植术的安全性及疗效.方法:22例行肾动脉狭窄支架置入术后接受冠脉旁路移植术冠心病患者,记录各例临床、冠脉、肾动脉造影情况,随访分析各例肾动脉狭窄支架置入术前后肾功能及冠脉旁路移植术情况,并测定手术前、后及随访期间血清肌酐水平.结果:22例患者均成功置入肾动脉支架(25枚),旁路移植术后72小时血清肌酐较基础测值明显下降[(153±22)μmol/L比(163±31)μmol/L,P<0.05].各例平均移植旁路血管(3.12±0.77)支,术后1例发生脑梗塞.平均随访(15±8)个月,各例血清肌酐水平进一步下降,2例复发胸痛,其中1例接受冠脉支架术,无严重心脏事件生存率95.5%.结论:肾动脉狭窄支架置入术有助于改善患者肾功能,增加冠脉旁路移植术的安全性及改善预后.     

Staged carotid artery stenting and coronary artery bypass graft surgery: initial results from a single center.

The objective of this study was to assess the clinical course of patients undergoing planned percutaneous carotid stenting followed by staged coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Coexisting carotid and coronary atherosclerotic disease is relatively common. A combined or staged surgical approach has a composite stroke, myocardial infarction, or death rate of > 10%. We performed a retrospective search of our single-institution database to identify all patients scheduled to undergo staged carotid stenting followed by CABG. Twenty-three such patients (17 males, 6 females) were identified, with 3/23 (13%) requiring bilateral carotid stenting. Most carotid lesions were asymptomatic (18/26; 69.2%) and severe (mean stenosis, 82.9% 6+/- 8.6%). Stents were successfully placed in 26/26 carotid arteries (100%). One stent procedure (1/26; 3.8%) resulted in a minor stroke, but full recovery occurred within 1 week. There were no other peri-stenting complications. Three patents (3/23; 13%), none of whom suffered an adverse event at carotid stenting, elected not to undergo CABG. The mean interval from last carotid stent to CABG was 69.6 6 +/- 39.6 days (range, 8-157 days). Antiplatelet therapy was ceased > 3 days prior to CABG in 10/20 patients (50%), but continued until surgery in the remainder. There were no peri-CABG bleeding or neurological complications, but one myocardial infarction occurred (1/20; 5%). Therefore, of the 20 patients who underwent planned carotid stenting followed by CABG, our overall rate of death, stroke, or myocardial infarction was 10%. However, our rate of death, persistent stroke or myocardial infarction was 5%. Planned carotid stenting followed by staged CABG is a viable method of treatment for patients with coexistent carotid and coronary atherosclerosis.     

A surgical approach to coexistent coronary and carotid artery disease.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the early results of combined coronary artery bypass graft surgery and carotid endarterectomy. DESIGN: Retrospective and ongoing analysis of patients who underwent combined coronary artery bypass graft surgery and carotid endarterectomy. SETTING: Cardiothoracic unit in a London teaching hospital. PATIENTS: From June 1987 to March 1995, 64 patients were identified. They were patients who were scheduled to have coronary artery bypass graft surgery or required urgent coronary revascularisation and who were found to have significant coexistent carotid disease. (Unilateral carotid stenosis > 70%, bilateral carotid stenosis > 50%, or unilateral carotid stenosis > 50% with contralateral occlusion.) INTERVENTIONS: Both procedures were performed during one anaesthesia: the carotid endarterectomy was performed first without cardiopulmonary bypass. After completion of carotid endarterectomy, coronary artery bypass graft surgery was performed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The incidence of stroke, transient ischaemic attack, and myocardial infarction in the early postoperative period was analysed. RESULTS: Myocardial revascularisation was successful in all 64 patients. There were no perioperative infarcts. In three patients (4.7%) a new neurological deficit developed postoperatively: two recovered fully before hospital discharge. CONCLUSIONS: Combined coronary artery bypass graft surgery and carotid endarterectomy were performed safely and with good results.     

药物洗脱支架与冠状动脉旁路移植术治疗冠状动脉多支病变的比较

目的比较药物洗脱支架与冠状动脉旁路移植术治疗冠状动脉复杂多支病变的疗效。方法连续入选行血运重建治疗的冠心病多支病变患者200名,随机分为经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)组和冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)组,每组100例。PCI组和CABG组中分别有合并糖尿病者(糖尿病亚组)27例和25例。观察术后1年内主要心脑血管不良事件(死亡、脑卒中、非致死性心肌梗死、靶血管再次血运重建)、再狭窄、心绞痛复发发生率,血浆肌酸激酶水平和PCI组支架内血栓形成发生率。结果两组患者的基线特征差异无统计学意义。PCI组与CABG组1个月、6个月和1年的主要心脑血管不良事件发生率分别为4.0%、7.0%、12.0%比6.0%、9.0%、15.2%(P>0.05);心绞痛复发率分别为2.0%、4.0%、6.0%比1.0%、3.0%、5.1%(P>0.05)。术后1年再狭窄率分别为11.3%比13.2%(P>0.05)。PCI组术后亚急性血栓形成率1.0%。PCI组和CABG组术后肌酸激酶MB型同工酶升高的患者比例分别为26%比82%(P<0.05)。PCI组糖尿病亚组与CABG组糖尿病亚组1个月、6个月和1年的严重心脑血管不良事件发生率分别为7.4%、11.1%、18.5%比8.0%、16.0%、24.0%(P>0.05)。结论药物洗脱支架时代PCI与CABG治疗冠状动脉多支病变的近、远期疗效相近,对于合并糖尿病的患者同样有效。     

Thirty-day outcomes of direct carotid artery stenting with cerebral protection in high-risk patients.

BACKGROUND: Implantation of a carotid artery stent after predilation is a standard approach in the endovascular treatment of carotid artery stenoses. Stenting without predilation may be an alternative approach in a certain subset of patients. The present prospective, single-center registry was designed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of direct carotid artery stenting (DCAS) in high-risk patients. METHODS AND RESULTS: Symptomatic patients with stenosis >50% and asymptomatic patients with stenosis >70% were eligible for enrolment. Criteria for high-risk patients included: need or history of open heart surgery, history of myocardial infarction, multivessel coronary artery disease, left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction < or =40%), severe pulmonary or renal disease, significant contralateral carotid disease, previous endarterectomy, and age > or =80 years. All procedures were performed using a filter protection device. Patients underwent complete clinical examination before and after DCAS and at 30-day follow-up. A total of 83 consecutive patients (45 males, 68+/-9 years, 33% symptomatic) underwent 100 procedures and 103 stents were deployed successfully. The technical success rate of stenting was 100%. Predilation of carotid stenosis was necessary in 1 (1%) procedure. Carotid-artery stenoses before and after DCAS were 80+/-9% and 7+/-9%, respectively. The median fluoroscopic time for DCAS was 7 min. The overall rate of in-hospital major adverse cerebrovascular events (death, stroke, myocardial infarction) was 5% (2 minor strokes, 3 transient attacks). There was 1 (1%) minor stroke within the 30-day follow-up. CONCLUSION: DCAS is feasible and can be performed with an acceptable risk in high-risk patients.     

Feasibility and safety of transradial stenting for unprotected left main coronary artery stenoses.

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is considered an excellent alternative treatment for unprotected left main coronary artery (ULMCA) stenoses. Most PCIs for ULMCA stenoses are performed via the transfemoral approach. The feasibility and safety of the transradial approach for this particular entity are unknown. The present study assessed the feasibility, safety and 1-year outcomes of the transradial approach for stenting of ULMCA stenoses. METHODS AND RESULTS: Of 131 consecutive patients who underwent coronary stenting for ULMCA stenoses, 113 patients (86.3%) received stenting using the transradial approach. All 113 procedures were performed with 6 or 7 French (Fr) catheters except 1 procedure requiring an 8 Fr guiding catheter for directional atherectomy. The technical success rate was 100%, and angiographic success was achieved in 96 patients (85.9%). Two patients had local hematoma (1.8%), and no procedure-related deaths, Q-wave myocardial infarction, repetitive PCI, stroke or emergent coronary artery bypass graft surgery during hospitalization were noted. One (0.9%) in-hospital cardiac death occurred due to ventricular tachyarrhythmia. More than half of our patients stayed in hospital by < or =3 days. The 1-year target lesion revascularization and cardiac death rate were 14.2% and 3.5%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This investigation demonstrated the feasibility, safety and accepted short-term clinical outcomes of transradial stenting for ULMCA stenosis. This procedure may offer a feasible alternative to the transfemoral approach.     

Early and late clinical outcomes after primary stenting of the unprotected left main coronary artery stenosis in the setting of acute myocardial infarction

BACKGROUND: Acute left main coronary artery occlusion is a dramatic condition with very high mortality. The study was aimed to evaluate the effect of primary stenting in patients with left main coronary artery (LMCA) disease in the setting of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS: Between June 1997 and April 2002, primary stenting for left main coronary artery disease was performed in 18 patients with acute myocardial infarction. We evaluated early and late clinical outcomes, and prognostic determinants in this clinical setting. RESULTS: Mean ages of patients were 59 +/- 12 years. Fourteen patients had cardiogenic shock on admission. Angiographic success (TIMI flow > or = 2 and diameter stenosis < 30% after stenting) was achieved in 17 patients (94%). In-hospital death occurred in eight patients (44%). Two patients (11%) received emergent bypass surgery because of hemodynamic instability after primary stenting. On univariate analysis, good pre-intervention TIMI flow (grade > or = 2) was identified as a good prognostic determinant of in-hospital survival. During mean follow-up of 39 +/- 22 months, there was no late death and one patient received bypass surgery. Probability of freedom from death at 3-year was 56 +/- 12%. CONCLUSION: Primary stenting is a valuable therapeutic strategy for left main coronary disease in the setting of acute myocardial infarction, and it might save the life especially in patients with good pre-intervention TIMI flow (grade > or = 2). Long-term clinical outcome of patients surviving to hospital discharge is favorable.     

Left main coronary artery stenosis: factors predicting cardiac events in patients awaiting coronary surgery

Although most patients with left main coronary artery stenosis undergo urgent coronary artery bypass grafting, limited information is available regarding the risk factors that might lead to cardiac events between angiographic diagnosis and surgery. We retrospectively reviewed 1,731 cases of coronary artery bypass grafting at our institution, 97 of which were performed in patients with significant (> or = 50%) left main coronary artery stenosis. These patients were placed in 1 of 2 groups: eventful waiting or uneventful waiting. We analyzed multiple preoperative variables, and the incidence of serious cardiac events (death, myocardial infarction, unstable angina, left ventricular failure, and life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias) during the waiting period between angiography and surgery Four patients (4.1%) experienced serious cardiac events while awaiting surgery (1 had non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction; 3 had life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias); none died. All the events occurred more than 24 hours after cardiac catheterization. Of the preoperative variables analyzed (acute coronary syndrome, age, history of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking, renal failure, severity of left main stenosis, right coronary artery involvement, ejection fraction, and use of intra-aortic balloon pump), only acute coronary syndrome predicted the incidence of preoperative cardiac events (P=0.001). The occurrence of severe cardiac events while patients await coronary artery bypass grafting is rare. Carefully selected patients with severe left main coronary artery stenosis can safely await surgery. Concomitant acute coronary syndrome and severe left main coronary artery stenosis indicate a high risk for cardiac events. Therefore, in patients with these conditions, emergency coronary artery bypass may be preferable.     

Does preoperative statin therapy improve outcomes in patients undergoing isolated cardiac valve surgery?

Preoperative statins have been associated with decreased mortality after coronary artery bypass grafting. Data are limited on whether these benefits extend to patients undergoing cardiac valve surgery. We examined whether preoperative statins decrease morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing isolated cardiac valve surgery. In a retrospective cohort analysis of consecutive patients who underwent surgical valve repair or replacement (excluding concomitant coronary artery bypass grafting, aortic root replacement, or ventricular assist device placement) at St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital, the primary outcome was 30-day mortality. Secondary outcomes included 30-day major adverse events (composite of early mortality, postoperative myocardial infarction, or stroke). Of 825 patients, 31% received preoperative statins (n = 255). Logistic regression analysis revealed that age >65 years (p = 0.02), history of congestive heart failure (p = 0.001), and total bypass time >80 minutes (p = 0.01) were independent predictors of increased 30-day mortality. Preoperative statin therapy was not associated with decreased 30-day mortality (odds ratio 0.89, 95% confidence interval 0.38 to 2.03), major adverse events (odds ratio 1.09, 95% confidence interval 0.61 to 1.96), postoperative myocardial infarction (p = 0.70), or stroke (p = 0.57). At a mean follow-up of 1.57 years, preoperative statin therapy was not associated with decreased mortality (p = 0.81). In the analysis using propensity score matching (354 propensity-matched patients, 177 in each group), preoperative statin was not associated with improved primary or secondary outcomes. In conclusion, preoperative statin therapy was not associated with a decrease in morbidity or mortality in patients undergoing isolated cardiac valve surgery.     

Dual antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel and aspirin after carotid artery stenting.

BACKGROUND: Carotid artery stenting is being used as an alternative to carotid endarterectomy, both within the context of clinical trials and in non-surgical candidates. Though stenting is known to activate platelets, the role of antithrombotic therapy in carotid stenting has not been fully characterized. METHODS AND RESULTS: Consecutive patients (n = 162) were followed in a single-center carotid stent registry. The cumulative rate of 30-day death, stroke, transient ischemic attack and myocardial infarction in those patients receiving a thienopyridine was determined, as were rates of stent thrombosis and intracranial hemorrhage. The mean age of the patients was 70.3 years and there was an extremely high prevalence of cardiovascular comorbidities, including 40% with unstable angina. The carotid lesion was symptomatic in 59% of patients. The average pre-treatment stenosis was 83%. The cumulative 30-day rate of death, stroke, transient ischemic attack and myocardial infarction was 5.6%. Specifically, in the patients who received ticlopidine (n = 23), the rate was 13%, versus 4.3% in the patients who received clopidogrel (n = 139) (p = 0.01). In this series, there were no cases of stent thrombosis and 1 intracranial hemorrhage. CONCLUSION: Dual antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel plus aspirin in patients receiving carotid artery stents is associated with a low rate of ischemic events. Furthermore, clopidogrel appears superior to ticlopidine. Thus, our findings lend support to the dual antiplatelet strategy of clopidogrel plus aspirin for patients undergoing carotid artery stenting.     

Iatrogenic left main coronary artery stenosis

Iatrogenic left main coronary artery stenosis is a potentially life-threatening complication of cardiac valve replacement surgery due to injury by perfusion cannulas. This requires prompt clinical recognition and diagnosis by repeat coronary angiography, and treatment by early coronary artery bypass grafting. We present 3 patients who had normal coronary arteries prior to valve replacement surgery, and who developed severe left main coronary artery stenosis after surgery. Accelerating angina and refractory ventricular arrhythmia were presenting clinical manifestations. Coronary artery bypass grafting was successfully performed in all 3 patients.