1556例孕妇妊娠高血压综合征的预测及干预效果观察

目的探讨妊娠高血压综合征的预测及预防效果。方法应用SD-Ⅱ型妊娠高血压预测分析系统,对我院门诊定期产检的1556例孕妇进行妊娠高血压预防性监测,筛选出妊娠高血压疑似患者523例。随机分为干预组和观察组。其中,干预组为264例,给予药物治疗和特殊护理干预;观察组为259例,只定期产前检查,做一般护理干预。结果干预组中发展为妊娠高血压12例,发生率为4.55%;观察组中发展为妊娠高血压26例,发生率为10.16%,干预组妊娠高血压的发病率明显低于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论通过应用SD-Ⅱ型妊娠高血压监测系统预测妊娠高血压,并对高危人群进行干预,能有效降低妊娠期高血压疾病的发病率。     

子宫动脉搏动指数及舒张早期切迹在预测妊娠高血压疾病中的价值

目的 :探讨子宫动脉搏动指数(PI)及舒张早期切迹在预测妊娠高血压疾病中的价值。方法 :记录85例孕11~14周及22~28周孕妇的子宫动脉PI值及舒张早期切迹,后经临床诊断及妊娠结局分为妊娠高血压组、子痫前期组、对照组。比较各组间不同孕周时PI值的变化及舒张早期切迹的显示。结果:妊娠高血压组及子痫前期组于孕11~14周及22~28周所测PI值均高于同孕周对照组(均P0.05)。对照组双侧子宫动脉血流频谱22周后均未出现舒张期早期"V"形切迹;妊娠高血压组双侧子宫动脉同时出现舒张期"V"形切迹32例;子痫前期子宫动脉同时出现舒张期"V"形切迹25例。结论:双侧子宫动脉舒张早期切迹的出现对预测妊娠期高血压疾病的高危孕妇有较高的敏感性,如孕11~14周PI值2.0,孕22~28周PI值1.5,综合预测重度子痫前期高危孕妇的临床价值较高。     

超声测量孕28周胎儿腹围早期预测巨大儿发生的临床价值

目的探索超声测量孕28周胎儿腹围早期预测巨大儿发生的临床价值。方法选取本院2015年6月～2017年6月之间进行产检、妊娠28周的200例孕妇作为本次的追踪研究对象,将其足月分娩的新生儿按出生时的体重分为非巨大儿和巨大儿两组,回顾性分析并比较两组胎儿在妊娠28周时超声测量的腹围数值,分析巨大儿与非巨大儿腹围之间的差异性。结果妊娠28周时AC值在巨大儿与非巨大儿组之间具有明显统计学差异(P=0.00)。经超声腹围诊断巨大儿28周时胎儿腹围的临界值为237.5mm,准确度为87.2%,敏感度为93.1%,特异度为73.5%。结论妊娠28周时超声测量胎儿腹围是预测巨大儿的一项重要指标,当胎儿腹围≥237.5mm时,对预测巨大儿发生具有一定的临床价值。     

我国航海人员高血压病患病率

目的　了解我国航海人员的高血压病患病率。方法　根据 JNC VI标准 ,以收缩压≥ 140mm Hg或舒张压≥ 90 m m Hg(1mm Hg=0 .133k Pa)为高血压 ,诊断标准 ,用统一设计、规定表格和标准化的调查方法 ,调查我国航海人员 ,年龄 16～ 5 8岁 ,平均 (2 3.6± 4.3)岁。结果　 (1)航海人员高血压病总患病率为 4.82 % ,随年龄增加而呈现明显升高的趋势 ;(2 )水面船舶人员、水下作业人员患病率分别为 4.6 5 %和 5 .5 1% (0 .0 1相似文献   

妊娠期高血压疾病与胎儿血流动力学的关系

目的 :探讨孕晚期胎儿大脑中动脉和脐动脉阻力指标及比值与妊娠期高血压疾病的关系。方法 :运用彩色多普勒超声检测80例胎龄34~40周的正常胎儿和88例母体患妊娠期高血压疾病胎儿的大脑中动脉和脐动脉的搏动指数(PI)、RI、收缩期峰值流速与舒张末期流速比值(S/D)。88例妊娠期高血压组又分为轻度组与重度组。对正常组、轻度组、重度组的阻力指标与比值结果行统计学分析。结果:正常组与妊娠期高血压疾病轻度组阻力指标及比值比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P0.05);正常组与妊娠期高血压疾病重度组比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.01);妊娠期高血压疾病轻度组与重度组比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论:晚期妊娠胎儿大脑中动脉和脐动脉各项阻力指标比值与妊娠期高血压疾病严重程度有一定的相关性。随着妊娠期高血压疾病的加重,胎儿脐动脉3个阻力指标升高,胎儿大脑中动脉3个阻力指标及与脐动脉阻力指标比值降低。     

钙剂联合Mp监测系统对妊娠期高血压疾病的预防作用

妊娠期高血压疾病是妊娠期特有疾病,是孕产妇和围产儿死亡的重要原因,发病率为5％～12％[1]。且呈逐渐上升趋势,其发病原因尚未完全阐明。流行病学调查证实低钙饮食人群妊娠期高血压疾病的发生率明显高于高钙饮食人群：通过缺钙饲料和去钙离子水喂养孕羊,其导致血压升高、血管阻力增加、子宫胎盘血流减少和蛋白尿嘲;柴新燕等[3]研究发现妊娠期高血压疾病患者血清中钙离子浓度低于正常妊娠的孕妇,且随着妊娠期高血压疾病病情的加重血清钙离子浓度降低更为明显。     

妊娠期高血压疾病肝功能、血小板变化及发生HELLP综合征的处理

目的:分析妊娠期高血压疾病对肝功能、血小板变化的影响,探讨HELLP综合征的发生和终止妊娠的时机、方式及对母儿的影响.方法:对我院2001-01～2009-01住院分娩的532例妊娠期高血压疾病患者资料进行回顾性分析.结果:重度患者分娩孕周平均35±2.2周,有98例采用剖宫产终止妊娠,剖宫产率66.7%.轻度患者分娩孕周平均38±2.5周,有115例采用剖宫产终止妊娠,剖宫产率29.9%.随病情加重,肝功能异常患者增多,血小板计数则随病情进展而减少.重度患者HELLP综合征发生率为10.2%,其中剖宫产12例,剖宫产率80%.轻度患者无HELLP综合征发生.结论:随着妊娠期高血压疾病病情的加重,出现肝功能异常明显增多,表明对肝脏的损害也逐步加重.血小板计数则随病情进展而减少.重度患者发生HELLP综合征严重影响母婴预后,通过及早诊断、积极处理,适时以剖宫产作为主要的终止妊娠的手段,可以获得较好的母婴结局.     

妊娠期高血压疾病血浆叶酸和维生素B_(12)浓度变化

目的了解妊娠期高血压疾病患者血浆中叶酸和维生素B12浓度的变化。方法采用放免法检测56例妊娠期高血压疾病患者(妊娠期高血压疾病组)分娩前后及79例正常自然分娩的妇女(自然分娩组)和26例正常非孕期妇女(正常非孕组)血浆中的叶酸和维生素B12浓度。结果自然分娩组血浆中叶酸、维生素B12浓度低于正常非孕组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。妊娠期高血压疾病组分娩前血浆叶酸、维生素B12浓度低于自然分娩组和正常非孕组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);妊娠期高血压疾病组分娩后血浆叶酸、维生素B12浓度增高,与分娩前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论妊娠晚期叶酸和维生素B12的缺乏可能与妊娠期高血压疾病的发病及病情发展有关。     

连续无创动脉血压(CNAP)与间歇动脉血压监测在急诊创伤患者救治中的一致性分析

目的对比连续无创动脉血压(continuous non-invasive arterial pressure,CNAP)与心电监护仪间歇式动脉血压监测对急诊创伤患者血压监测结果的一致性,并探讨CNAP是否可发现使用心电监护仪间歇式动脉血压监测时未发现的低血压发作。方法本研究采取前瞻性试验方法对比分析110例急诊创伤患者在2h内同时使用心电监护仪(每15min测量1次)及CNAP进行动脉血压监测的数据,并使用BlandAltman散点图对获得的数据进行统计学分析。结果 CNAP和心电监护仪间歇式监测获得的动脉血压之间的平均差(±标准差)为:收缩压(SAP):-6mm Hg(±21mm Hg),舒张压(DAP):-3mm Hg(±17mm Hg),平均动脉压(MAP):-7mm Hg(±18mm Hg)。在心电监护仪监测的间隔期,由CNAP监测到明确的低血压发作(≥4min)41例(SAP90mm Hg 26例,MAP65mm Hg 15例),其中16例(SAP90mm Hg 11例,MAP65mm Hg 5例)在随后的心电监护中也被监测出低血压。结论急诊创伤患者使用CNAP与心电监护仪间歇式测量的动脉血压具有一致性,而CNAP能够快速识别被心电监护仪间歇式动脉血压监测遗漏或延迟发现的低血压发作。     

经会阴部超声测量孕中、晚期宫颈长度对预测早产的应用分析

目的探讨孕中、晚期经会阴部超声测量宫颈长度对预测早产的临床价值。方法对194例表现有早产先兆的孕妇在孕中期(24~28周)和孕晚期(30~34周)采取经会阴部超声测量宫颈长度。结果在第一阶段(孕中期)测量的孕妇宫颈长度明显大于第二阶段(孕晚期),且差异具有统计学意义。在第一阶段(孕24~28周)194例孕妇中,足月分娩184例,占94.85%,早产10例,占5.15%。在第二阶段(孕30~34周)192例孕妇中,足月分娩184例,占95.83%,早产8例,占4.17%。在第一阶段和第一阶段,与宫颈长度≥30mm的孕妇相比较,宫颈长度25~29mm及25mm的孕妇发生早产的风险分别是≥30mm孕妇5.3倍、6.8倍和14.5倍、18.7倍。以宫颈长度30mm作为发生早产的预测值,在第一阶段(孕24~28周)的敏感度为20.00%,特异度为97.28%,准确度为93.30%;在第二阶段(孕30~34周)的敏感度为40.00%,特异度为93.65%,准确度为92.27%。结论孕晚期孕妇的宫颈长度较孕中期孕妇明显缩短,而宫颈长度越短发生早产的风险越大,孕晚期(孕30~34周)宫颈长度测量对早产预测有一定的价值。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）