褥疮护理的新进展

褥疮是临床工作中常见的并发症,而褥疮的防护是临床护理工作的难点之一,通过对有关褥疮理论性回顾与比较,认为褥疮不可能绝对避免发生,但是能运用较新及合理的预防措施将褥疮的发生率降到最低.通过介绍褥疮预防、治疗理论进展,分析了与预防密切相关的因素,并且通过一般护理与局部、物理、药物治疗相结合,介绍了褥疮新的治疗方法.     

褥疮防治过程管理中的几点体会

目的探讨临床护理工作中褥疮发生原因、护理措施及效果。方法通过对护士培训，提高预防意识，加强处罚力度等方法，分析了在护理工作中应正确了解危险因素，提高护士的预防意识。结果护士提高防护意识后，能够有效的减少褥疮危害降低难免褥疮发生率。结论做好患者住院期间的褥疮治疗和护理，既可减轻患者的病苦减少并发症发生，又节省医疗费用有明显的经济和社会效益，是把护理工作落实到实处的具体体现。     

骨科病人发生褥疮的相关因素分析

目的分析骨科病人发生褥疮的原因及相关因素,探讨切实可行预防褥疮的措施。方法取2002年1月~2004年1月本科56例褥疮病人进行相关因素的统计学分析。结果褥疮好发部位多见于骶尾部,重度褥疮多发生于脊柱损伤的病人。结论预防重于治疗,特别是脊柱骨折、骨盆骨折、髋关节骨折等这类易发生褥疮的病人要引起足够重视,及时采取有针对性的护理措施,预防褥疮的发生具有重要意义。     

浅析循证护理在神经内科褥疮预防中的应用效果

目的：探讨神经内科褥疮预防使用循证护理的效果,积极的避免患者的褥疮发生.方法：临床中根据我院的120例神经内科患者来进行研究分析,将患者分成对照组和试验组,试验组患者接受循证护理,对照组患者接受普通护理,对两组患者的褥疮预防情况进行比较分析.结果：对照组发生1度褥疮15例,2度褥疮3例,试验组中有1度褥疮仅仅发生3例,并且经过积极治疗快速实现了痊愈对照组完全痊愈13.02d和实验组完全痊愈10.27d,经过比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论：神经内科患者接受循证护理能够有效的降低褥疮发生几率,对临床预防褥疮的发生起到了较大的帮助.     

神经外科昏迷病人褥疮的预防护理

[目的]探讨对昏迷病人褥疮预防的综合措施，杜绝昏迷病人褥疮的发生。[方法]回顾性分析150例昏迷病人的护理措施。[结果]150例昏迷病人发生Ⅰ期褥疮5例，无Ⅱ度以上褥疮发生。[结论]昏迷病人在应用电动气垫床的同时，采取综合护理措施，可有效预防褥疮发生。     

颅脑外伤昏迷病人压疮预防及护理措施

目的:探讨对颅脑外伤昏迷病人压疮预防的综合措施,避免颅脑外伤昏迷病人褥疮的发生.方法:回顾性分析120例颅脑外伤的护理措施.结果:120例昏迷病人发生Ⅰ期褥疮3例,无Ⅱ期以上褥疮发生.结论:颅脑外伤昏迷病人采取综合护理措施,可有效预防褥疮发生.     

褥疮护理新进展

随着医学研究的深入发展,在临床上对于褥疮发生的诱因、预防的措施、治疗的方法及护理等均取得了比较显着地成果。作为护理人员,只有熟悉了褥疮的基本知识,掌握了熟练的护理技巧,才能更好的帮助久卧病床的严重疾病患者预防褥疮的发生,从而提高整体的护理质量。本文主要使对褥疮护理的新进展做一简单综述,分别是从褥疮形成的相关因素、褥疮的预防、褥疮的分期、褥疮的护理几个方面进行论述的,希望对临床褥疮的预防及护理能有所帮助。     

骨科卧床患者应用翻身翼预防褥疮的体会

目的 探讨骨科卧床患者应用翻身翼预防褥疮的体会.方法 骨科卧床患者采用翻身翼预防褥疮发病的护理干预组与传统护理组对于褥疮发病情况对比.结果 691例护理干预组无褥疮发生,而6 7 6例传统护理组有6例发生褥疮,其中1期4例,2期2例.护理干预组褥疮的发生率低于常规护理组.结论 采用翻身翼的护理干预能有效减低骨科卧床患者褥疮发病率.     

预防截瘫患者褥疮发生的护理对策

目的探讨预防截瘫患者褥疮发生的护理对策。方法对26例截瘫患者在临床护理上关键是做好"五勤":勤翻身、勤擦洗、勤按摩、勤整理、勤更换等护理工作。结果 26例截瘫患者通过我们精心护理,无一例褥疮发生。结论预防截瘫患者褥疮的发生,做好早期预防护理工作十分重要,精心而合理的临床护理是防止截瘫患者发生褥疮的有效措施。     

预防截瘫患者褥疮发生的护理对策

目的探讨预防截瘫患者褥疮发生的护理对策。方法对26例截瘫患者在临床护理上关键是做好“五勤”：勤翻身、勤擦洗、勤按摩、勤整理、勤更换等护理工作。结果26例截瘫患者通过我们精心护理。无一例褥疮发生。结论预防截瘫患者褥疮的发生,做好早期预防护理工作十分重要,精心而合理的临床护理是防止截瘫患者发生褥疮的有效措施。     

危重新生儿压疮高危因素分析及护理对策

目的探讨危重新生儿压疮发生的高危因素,并总结相应有效的预防护理对策。方法对人住NICU的危重新生儿压疮高危因素进行分析评估,采取相应的预防对策。结果发生压疮12例,压疮发生率0．76％。结论针对引发新生儿压疮的各类危险因素进行相应的预防护理,对于降低压疮的发生具有重要意义。     

Are all pressure ulcers avoidable?

A quality of care debate centers on whether pressure ulcers result from factors largely dependent on caregivers, or whether pressure ulcers result from factors associated with patient morbidity. A reduction in incidence, defined as the development of a new pressure ulcer, is the focus of prevention strategies. Yet epidemiological data demonstrates a stability in the incidence of pressure ulcers despite drastic improvements in understanding of pressure ulcers, increased regulatory oversight, and improvements in technologies available for prevention of pressure ulcers. The explanation for this stable incidence of pressure ulcers includes a failure of known effective preventive treatment to be applied or the failure of prevention strategies to be effective in spite of being applied. No intervention strategy has been reported that consistently and reproducibly reduces the incidence of pressure ulcers to zero. The published data on prevention of pressure ulcers do not support an assumption that all pressure ulcers are preventable. An effective prevention strategy demonstrated to eliminate pressure ulcers across healthcare settings is lacking.     

Cost-effectiveness of pressure-relieving devices for the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers

OBJECTIVES: The cost-effectiveness of alternating pressure-relieving devices, mattress replacements, and mattress overlays compared with a standard hospital (high-specification foam mattress) for the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers in hospital patients in the United Kingdom was investigated. METHODS: A decision-analytic model was constructed to evaluate different strategies to prevent or treat pressure ulcers. Three scenarios were evaluated: the prevention of pressure ulcers, the treatment of superficial ulcers, and the treatment of severe ulcers. Epidemiological and effectiveness data were obtained from the clinical literature. Expert opinion using a rating scale technique was used to obtain quality of life data. Costs of the devices were obtained from manufacturers, whereas costs of treatment were obtained from the literature. Uncertainty was explored through probabilistic sensitivity analysis. RESULTS: Using 30,000 pounds sterling/QALY (quality-adjusted life year) as the decision-maker's cut off point (the current UK standard), in scenario 1 (prevention), the cost-effective strategy was the mattress overlay at 1, 4, and 12 weeks. In scenarios 2 and 3, the cost-effective strategy was the mattress replacement at 1, 4, and 12 weeks. Standard care was a dominated intervention in all scenarios for values of the decision-maker's ceiling ratio ranging from 5,000 pounds sterling to 100,000 pounds sterling/QALY. However, the probabilistic sensitivity analysis results reflected the high uncertainty surrounding the choice of devices. CONCLUSIONS: Current information suggests that alternating pressure mattress overlays may be cost-effective for the prevention of pressure ulcers, whereas alternating pressure mattress replacements appears to be cost-effective for the treatment of superficial and severe pressure ulcers.     

术中压疮的护理干预及预防

目的浅谈术中压疮的预防护理,为临床提供参考依据。方法采用回顾性分析统计的方法,结合Braden压疮风险评估,采取对应的一系列护理干预措施,对我院近年来发生手术压疮的患者数量进行分析比较。结果近年来我院发生术中压疮的比例不断下降。结论结合Braden压疮风险评估,采取对应的护理干预措施,可有效地降低术中压疮的发生率。     

自制尼龙床垫对夏季卧床患者压疮预防研究

目的：探索自制尼龙床垫对夏季卧床患者压疮的预防效果。方法：对2011年8月1日-2013年8月31日住院的60例长期卧床偏瘫、大小便失禁患者进行研究,采用对照研究的方式将其分为对照组和试验组,每组各30例。对照组患者给予常规的压疮预防方法,试验组在常规基础上加用自制尼龙床垫进行预防,对比归纳两组患者的临床效果。结果：两组患者压疮高危率、难免压疮发生率及对护理总满意度比较,差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：自制尼龙床垫对夏季卧床患者压疮的预防效果确切,可有效降低压疮的发生率,促进疾病转归,减轻患者痛楚,具有较高的临床使用价值。     

脊髓损伤合并截瘫患者褥疮的预防与护理探讨

目的探讨分析脊髓损伤合并截瘫患者褥疮的预防与护理。方法纳入48例患者作为此次研究的对象,所有患者均在本院确诊为脊髓损伤合并截瘫,自愿在本院接受治疗并参与此次研究,纳入时间段为2015年3月-2019年4月,患者随机抽签分为两组,对照组和观察组各24例。对照组实施常规预防及护理,观察组在对照组基础上实施专门的褥疮的预防与护理方法。结果对照组褥疮发生率为6/24(25.00%),观察组褥疮发生率为1/24(4.17%),观察组患者优于对照组,且观察组患者的满意率也高于对照组,P<0.05,差异有统计学意义。结论针对脊髓损伤合并截瘫患者褥疮,实施专门的预防与护理,效果明显,并且患者满意度较高。     

综合牵引床、褥疮防治床垫治疗老年性下肢骨折疗效分析

目的:综合牵引床、褥疮防治床垫治疗老年下肢骨折,并作出临床疗效分析。方法:对132例老年下肢骨折患者采取牵引术结合褥疮防治床垫进行治疗,观察患者骨折愈合情况,并于1a后进行随访,观察治疗效果。结果:132例患者经过系统治疗后其中129例康复出院;3例患者骨折处呈纤维愈合,肢体功能得到部分恢复。随访1a,80%以上患者骨折处无疼痛,活动功能尚可。结论:牵引床结合褥疮防治床垫对老年性下肢骨折的治疗具有较好疗效。     

Pressure ulcers and endothelial dysfunction: is there a link?

Pressure ulcers were first described in the medical literature in the mid-16th century. Today, in the 21st century, pressure ulcers continue to cause pain and suffering to patients and increase the cost of medical care. Researchers and clinicians have used significant time and money to develop prevention and treatment strategies for pressure ulcers. Accepted risk factors for pressure ulcer development include pressure, shear force, friction, moisture and malnutrition. Yet despite procedures to help minimize these risk factors, pressure ulcers are still problematic. Endothelial dysfunction, which is a well-documented cardiovascular risk factor, has been proposed as another risk factor for pressure ulcers. Yet little is known about how pressure ulcers and endothelial dysfunction are linked. In this article we explore the literature to build an argument that research into the role of endothelial function is a plausible line of translational investigation that would contribute greatly to the knowledge base that guides present-day practices in the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers.