Central and peripheral actions of delta sleep-inducing peptide on electrical stability of the heart

In rabbits under nembutal anesthesia delta sleep-inducing peptide injected intravenously or directly into a ventricle of the brain raised the threshold for ventricular fibrillation. Its effect on the electrical stability of the heart after central administration developed later than after systemic administration. Bilateral vagotomy did not alter the central effects of this peptide. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, N ^o 6, pp. 566–568, June, 1994 Presented by K. V. Sudakov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Binding of3H-diazepam in rat brain eleven months after termination of corazole kindling

Binding of³H-diazepam in rat cerebellum decreases by 14% (p<0.05) 11 months after termination of kindling and one day after injection of a test dose of corazole (30 mg/kg), while it increases by 19.5% after a single injection of a convulsive dose of corazole (50–75 mg/kg). No changes are found in the cortex. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, N ^o 2, pp. 135–137, February, 1994 Presented by G. N. Kryzhanovskii, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Reaction of mouse ovary to opioid receptor block during early postnatal ontogenesis

Prolonged administration of naloxone (5 mg/kg body weight) during the juvenile period stimulated ovarian folliculogenesis and pubescence in mice; the effect was absent in animals of other ages, when a single injection was given, or when the dose of preparation was decreased. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, N ^o 3, pp. 341–344, March, 1996 Presented by O. V. Volkova, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Neurochemical characteristics of the effects of delta sleep-inducing peptide in wistar rats with hyperactivity of the dopaminergic system

Quantitative cytochemical assay showed that single injection of delta sleep-inducing peptide increased monoamine oxidase activity (substrates: serotonin and tryptamine) in the caudate and accumbens nuclei and glutamate dehydrogenase activity in the hippocampus of stress-resistant Wistar rats chronically treated with L-DOPA. Enzyme activities in the sensorimotor cortex did not change. Delta sleep-inducing peptide had no effects on acetylcholine esterase and aminopeptides activities in the brain of Wistar rats. Translated fromByulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 130,No. 11, pp. 537–539, November, 2000     

Effect of cytochromec on the necrosis zone in transitory myocardial ischemia

The cardioprotector effect of cytochromec during a 15-min complete blocking of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery was studied in rat experiments. Cytochromec in a dose of 20 mg/kg was found to noticeably reduce the necrosis zone 4 h after transitory ischemia. The protective effect of a single injection of cytochromec was virtually undetectable after 72, h, this pointing to the need for a course of treatment. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, N ^o , 4, pp. 439–440, April, 1994     

Experimental validation for a clinical study of GABA-positive substances in threatened abortion

The barouterography method revealed that intravenous phenibut in a dose of 50 mg/kg and phenazepam in a dose of 2.5 mg/kg have a suppressive effect on the contractile isometric (fetus-expelling) activity of the uterus in nonpregnant and pregnant rabbits. Phenibut (150 mg/kg) and phenazepam (3 mg/kg) do not have an adverse effect on fetal development in rats. Clinical trials of phenibut and phenazepam as gravidoprotectors in threatened abortions are recommended. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 7, pp. 35–37, July, 1994     

The effect of delta-sleep-inducing peptide on the Ca-transporting system of the sarcoplasmic reticulum and activity of the myocardial antioxidant enzymes

It is demonstrated that immobilization stress against the background of lowered catalase activity impairs the function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca pump, particularly at high Ca²⁺ levels. the membranes of intracellular Ca²⁺ depots are destroyed much more rapidly than in the control, which results in Ca²⁺ release. Administration of delta sleep-inducing peptide to control animals results in a 30% increase in catalase activity for an unchanged level of superoxide dismusase and markedly improves the function of the Ca-transporting system at elevated levels of free Ca²⁺. A long-term stress after administration of the peptide not only causes no damage to the Ca-transporting system but actually increases its efficiency (compared with the control) at a high catalase level. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, N ^o 3, pp. 248–251, March, 1996 Presented by G. N. Kryzhanovskii, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Lowering of lipid peroxidation and acute toxicity of bromobenzene by a polymeric form of zinc-metallothionein

Plasma and liver contents of malonic aldehyde are studied one day after administration of bromobenzene to mice pretreated with a polymeric form of zinc-metallothionein from rat liver. It is found that zinc-metallothionein injected in a dose of 1–4 mg/kg 5–10 min prior to injection of bromobenzene (2 g/kg, about 56% of LD₅₀) markedly lowers the malonic dialdehyde level and active toxicity of this xenobiotic. Administration of a mixture modeling Zn-metallothionein (albumin, cysteine, and zinc) in a dose of 4 mg/kg has no appreciable effect on the malonic dialdehyde level raised after bromobenzene injection, and does not change its LD₅₀. It is concluded that the protective effect of exogenous zinc-metallothionein is due to its antioxidant activity, which allows for normalization of lipid peroxidation. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 1, pp. 43–45, January, 1995 Presented by B. B. Moroz, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Ambiguity of the effect of high and low doses of amino-acid preparations on the immune response and phagocytosis in mice

It is shown that the effect of amino-acid preparations (levamine-70–70, cerebrolysin, and aviamine) is dose-dependent. Thus, levamine-70 and cerebrolysin at 65 mg/kg do not affect the immune response but stimulate phagocytosis. Aviamine at 65 mg/kg inhibits the immune response but stimulates phagocytosis and in a dose of 6.5×10⁻² mg/kg boosts both processes. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, N ^o 5, pp. 500–501, May, 1994 Presented by A. D. Ado, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Cascade afteraction of delta sleep-inducing peptide in rats

Delta sleep-inducing peptide is found to alter markedly the levels of substance P, β-endorphin, and corticosterone in the hypothalamus and blood plasma of rats, suggesting that the long-lasting stress-mitigating effects of this peptide are due to the considerable changes it causes in the content of other oligopeptides and hormones, involving them in various processes. Thus, DSIP itself appears to act only as a trigger, initiating a cascade of interdependent molecular reactions that correlate with the degree of resistance to stress. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 1, pp. 6–9, January, 1995     

Dose-dependent influence of buprenorphine on the phospholipid composition of cat hepatocyte plasma membranes in hemorrhagic shock

It is established that buprenorphine (0.3 mg/kg) induces considerable alterations in the phospholipid composition of hepatocyte plasma membranes as a result of phosphatidylserine accumulation and a considerable loss of sphingomyelin and lysophosphatidylserine. When administered in a dose of 0.03 mg/kg, buprenorphine facilitates normalization of the phosphoinositol turnover in hepatocyte plasma membranes. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 8, pp. 164–165, August, 1994 Presented by G. N. Kryzhanovskii, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Reaction of pulmonary tumor transplants to irradiation and platidiam in the subcapsular test

Effects of γ-irradiation in a dose of 6 Gy and platidiam in a total dose of 16 mg/kg on the growth rate of transplants of 20 human pulmonary carcinomas under the renal capsules of immunodepressed mice were studied. Ten out of 11 tumors resistant to radiation were found to be resistant to platidiam as well. On the other hand, only 10 out of 15 carcinomas resistant to platidiam were resistant to radiation. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 11, pp. 505–507, November, 1994     

Effect of isobutyl ester of retinoic acid on the cellular composition of bronchoalveolar lavage and on the mitotic activity of alveolar monocyte-macrophages in rats

Different doses of the isobutyl ester of retinoic acid were administered intraperitoneally into rats for two weeks. The dose of 1 mg/kg caused a significant increase in the mitotic activity of cells of the macrophagal series in alveoli; an anti-inflammatory effect was observed at a dose of 10 mg/kg. The isobutyl ester of retinoic acid did not affect the cell ratio (alveolar macrophages, lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils) in the internal medium of the lungs. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 12, pp. 645–647, December, 1994 Presented by N. K. Permyakov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

A new method of stimulating uteroplacental blood flow,based on the regulation of venous circulation in the uterus

Experiments on pregnant rabbits infused with troxevasin showed that the rate of uteroplacental blood flow after infusion depended on the dose and the initial (preinfusion) rate of this blood flow. After the dose of 140 mg/kg, the blood flow rate increased if it was initially low and decreased if it was high. After a lower dose (70 mg/kg), the blood flow rate decreased to different degrees depending on the initial blood flow rate in the uterus. The findings suggest that the use of troxevasin to treat the fetus is indicated in cases of placental insufficiency. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 4, pp. 346–349, April, 1995 Presented by B. I. Tkachenko, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Anti-ischemic effect of a new oxynicotinic acid derivative

The effect of a new derivative of oxynicotinic acid (KONA) on experimental cerebral ischemia is examined in rats. It is demonstrated that a single dose of the preparation (30 mg/kg) significantly decreases the severity of ischemic damage and increases the survival of the animals after bilateral ligation of the common carotid arteries. Comparison with xanthinol-nicotinate shows the advantages of the new preparation. Although KONA does not inhibit free-radical oxidationin vitro, it does lower the content of free-radical oxidation products in rat blood plasma to the normal level. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 7, pp. 49–51, July, 1994 Presented by I. P. Ashmarin, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

The effect of etimyzol on the development of the deafferentation pain syndrome

Administration of etimyzol in a dose of 4 mg/kg to rats with deafferentation pain syndrome reduces the incidence of the syndrome and its severity. This effect is associated with activation of the hypothalamic-hypophyseal-adrenal system. Systematic administration of the preparation models repeated stress, thus developing adaptation. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, N ^o 3 pp. 258–261, March, 1996 Presented by G. N. Kryzhanovskii, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Potentiating effect of thyrotropin-releasing hormone and of its synthetic analog digipramine on morphine-induced analgesia

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and its synthetic analog digipramine (DP) shortened the latency of the tail-flick response in mice when injected intraperitoneally in a dose of 5 mg/kg and to potentiate significantly the analgesic action of morphine. Possible mechanisms of these two effects and prospects for their medical use are discussed. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 8, pp. 117–119, August, 1994     

Radioprotective action of lymphokinin,a composite preparation of cytokines

Lymphokinin injected into mice in a dose of 25,000 U/kg intraperitoneally before or after their single irradiation producing acute radiation sickness is found to prolong their survival. The optimal time for administering Lymphokinin depends on the radiation dose. Its survival-prolonging effect is most marked when it is injected 1 h or 24 h before or 23 h after exposure to a dose of 6.0 Gy. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 7, pp. 38–40, July, 1994 Presented by N. N. Trapeznikov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Involvement of angiotensin II system components in regulation of DNA synthesis in pyloric epithelium of albino rats

Effects of intraperitoneal injections of angiotensin II and oral intake of cosaar (angiotensin II receptor blocker) and ednite (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor) on DNA synthesis in the pyloric portion of the stomach was studied in adult albino rats by autoradiography with³H-thymidine. Proliferative processes in the studied tissue were enhanced 24 h after single injection of the peptide in a dose of 50 μg/kg and 4 h after injection of 100 μg/kg peptide. Treatment with cosaar and ednite for 2 weeks led to normalization of stress-activated epithelial proliferation in the pyloric part of the stomach. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 129, No. 2, pp. 214–216, February, 2000     

Electrophysiological characteristics of visual perception in volunteers administered fluacizine

Electrophysiological manifestations of disturbed visual perception were studied in 18 healthy volunteers following blockade of M-cholinergic brain structures with the tricyclic antidepressant fluacizine given orally in a single dose of 1 mg/kg. The synchronization of spontaneous electroencephalographic activity observed 2 h after dosing indicated that the cholinergic structures were stably blocked. Evoked potentials were recorded in response to presented images having identical physical parameters but differing in information content (a checkerboard, slanting bands, or circles). When the amplitudetime characteristics of components of visual evoked potential were analyzed, the brain's electrical response to presented stimuli was found to be altered as compared to the initial (predosing) state: perception of physical parameters of the stimuli was distorted. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o , 3, pp. 236–238, March, 1995