瘦素对成骨细胞增殖及CollagenⅠ和Cbfa1 mRNA表达的影响

目的研究瘦素在体外对原代培养乳鼠颅盖骨成骨细胞增殖及对CollagenⅠ(Ⅰ型胶原蛋白)和Cbfa1 mRNA表达的影响。方法培养乳鼠成骨细胞,以乳鼠成骨细胞为体外实验模型,采用MTT法检测不同浓度瘦素(0、40、80和160ng/ml)作用于成骨细胞后的增殖情况;通过RT-PCR方法检测不同浓度瘦素对CollagenⅠ和Cbfa1 mRNA的表达的影响。结果瘦素作用于成骨细胞后,可促进其增值,OD值显著增加(P0.01);瘦素增加CollagenⅠ和Cbfa1 mRNA的表达,呈剂量效应关系。结论瘦素促进成骨细胞增殖,同时通过调节CollagenⅠ和Cbfa1的表达,促进成骨细胞分化,进而促进骨形成。     

瘦素对成骨细胞增殖及Collagen I和Cbfa1 mRNA表达的影响

目的 研究瘦素在体外对原代培养乳鼠颅盖骨成骨细胞增殖及对CollagenI(I型胶原蛋白)和Cbfa1 mRNA表达的影响.方法 培养乳鼠成骨细胞,以乳鼠成骨细胞为体外实验模型,采用MTT法检测不同浓度瘦素(0、40、80和160 ng/ml)作用于成骨细胞后的增殖情况;通过RT-PCR方法检测不同浓度瘦素对CollagenI和Cbfa1 mRNA的表达的影响.结果 瘦素作用于成骨细胞后,可促进其增值,OD值显著增加(P<0.01);瘦素增加CollagenI和Cbfa1 mRNA的表达,呈剂量效应关系.结论 瘦素促进成骨细胞增殖,同时通过调节CollagenI和Cbfa1的表达,促进成骨细胞分化,进而促进骨形成.     

rhIGF-1对成骨细胞增殖、分化及骨保护素、骨保护素配体基因mRNA表达的影响

目的 观察不同剂量rhIGF-1对成骨细胞增殖，分化及骨保护素，骨保护素配体mRNA基因表达的影响，为明确骨保护素，骨保护素配体在骨质疏松症发病的作用机理及rhIGF-1在临床中应用提供实验依据。方法 取2代培养的大鼠成骨细胞，在rhIGF-1为0ng/ml,10ng/ml,20ng/ml,50ng/ml的浓度中培养。观察细胞的生长及钙结节的形成，MTT法，碱性磷酸酶（ALP），骨钙素（OCN）测定细胞增殖和分化，RT－PCR测定rhIGF-1对成骨细胞骨保护素，骨保护素配体基因mRNA表达的影响。结果 成骨细胞在7d可铺满瓶壁，30d可形成钙结节，rhIGF-1可促进成骨细胞的增殖，ALP和OGN的分泌，促进骨保护素，骨保护素配体基因的表达，以促进骨保护素表达明显，在rhIGF-1为10ng/ml时作用明显。结论 rhIGF-1可促进大鼠成骨细胞的增殖，分化，及骨保护素，骨保护素配体基因mRNA的表达，骨保护素mRNA表达显。rhIGF-1可能通过影响骨保护素，骨保护素配体而调节成骨细胞破骨细胞的平衡，使骨重建，从而防治骨质疏松症。     

rhPTHl-34对成骨细胞增殖及BMP-7、BMP-9基因表达的影响

目的 研究重组人甲状旁腺激素1-34(rhPTH1-34)对成骨细胞增殖及BMP-7、BMP-9基因表达的影响.方法 通过不同剂量的重组人甲状旁腺素(rhPTH1-34)(0、10-11、10-10、10-9、10-8、10-7mol/L)间歇性(24 h/周期,前12 h rhPTH1-34干预)刺激体外培养的成骨细胞,用噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测细胞的增殖能力,RT-PCR法检测成骨细胞BMP-7、BMP-9基因的表达.结果 间歇性小剂量rhPTH1-34可明显促进成骨细胞的增殖能力及增强BMP-7、BMP-9基因的表达.结论 间歇性小剂量rhPTH1-34可促进成骨细胞增殖,可能与BMP-7、BMP-9基因表达相关.     

依普拉芬对新生大鼠颅盖骨成骨细胞BMP-2和TGF-β1 mRNA表达的影响

目的研究依普拉芬对体外培养的原代大鼠成骨细胞BMP-2(Bone Morphogenic Protein-2,骨形态发生蛋白-2)和TGF-β1(Transforming Growth Factor-β1,转化生长因子-β1)mRNA表达的影响,探讨其预防绝经后骨质疏松的机制。方法体外分离培养新生大鼠颅盖骨成骨细胞,取第二代细胞,将不同浓度的依普拉芬加入培养液,72h后用RT-PCR技术检测各组细胞BMP-2和TGF-β1mRNA表达情况。结果与阴性对照组比较,各浓度组的依普拉芬均可使成骨细胞BMP-2和TGF-β1mRNA表达量显著增加(P<0.01),其中,依普拉芬浓度在10-8~10-5mol/L之间作用最为显著。结论10-8~10-5mol/L浓度范围内的依普拉芬均可促进成骨细胞BMP-2和TGF-β1mRNA的表达,从而间接促进其增殖和分化,增加骨形成。     

胰岛素样生长因子1对成骨细胞中BMP-2、BMP-7基因表达的影响

目的研究胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF-1)对成骨细胞中BMP-2、BMP-7基因表达的影响,探讨IGF-1促进成骨细胞增殖、分化的分子机理.方法以不同浓度的IGF-1刺激分离培养的大鼠成骨细胞,提取细胞总RNA,RT-PCR扩增BMP-2及BMP-7基因cDNA,同时扩增管家基因βactin作为内对照.扫描PCR产物电泳照片,计算BMP-2/β-actin及BMP-7/-βactin的积分光密度比值,推算BMP-2及BMP-7基因的相对表达水平.结果 IGF-1可以在转录水平增加大鼠成骨细胞中BMP-2及BMP-7基因的表达,并呈明显的剂量依赖关系.结论 IGG-1促进成骨细胞增殖、分化的作用可能是通过增加BMP-2及BMP-7基因的表达来实现的.     

联合甲状旁腺激素和普萘洛尔对人成骨细胞增殖及OPG和RANKL mRNA表达的影响

目的 联合甲状旁腺激素(rhPTH 1-34)和普萘洛尔(PRO)处理体外培养的人松质骨源性成骨细胞(HOB),观察其对人成骨细胞增殖及骨保护素(OPO)和核因子KB受体活化因子配体(RANKL )基因表达的影响,探讨其对骨代谢影响的可能机制。方法 (1)以成人骼骨和股骨颈部松质骨为原料,分离培养原代人成骨细胞并对其鉴定。(2)以人成骨细胞为体外实验模型,固定浓度rhPTH1- 34 (50 ng/ml)和不同浓度PRO(0. 1μM,1μM,10μM)分别及联合刺激体外培养的人成骨细胞72 h后,采用CCK-8法检测细胞增殖能力,用实时荧光定量PCR法检测成骨细胞OPG和RANKL基因的表达。结果 rhPTH1-34和PRO单独给药均可促进成骨细胞增殖(P <0.05),在PRO 10μM时成骨细胞OPG基因的表达量增加(P<0.05),且大于RANKL基因的表达量;相反,联合rhPTH 1-34和PRO给药抑制成骨细胞增殖(P<0.05),并抑制成骨细胞OPG和RANKL基因的表达(P<0.05),且随着PRO浓度的增加,OPG和RANKL基因表达均呈下降趋势。结论 rhPTH1- 34和PRO单独给药均可促进成骨细胞增殖,而两者联合给药后却抑制了成骨细胞的增殖,可能是通过调控OPG和RANKL基因的表达来实现的。     

瑞舒伐他汀对体外培养人成骨细胞增殖及LRPS、Runx2基因表达的影响

目的 观察不同浓度的瑞舒伐他汀对体外培养的人成骨细胞增殖及LRPS,Runx2基因表达的影响,探讨瑞舒伐他汀影响骨代谢可能的分子机制。方法 (1)成骨细胞的培养与鉴定;(2)给予不同浓度(0,10-6 , 10-7 ,10-8,10-9 mol/L)的瑞舒伐他汀刺激体外培养的人成骨细胞,24 h后采用CCK-8比色法检测细胞的增殖能力,用荧光定量PCR法检测LRPS , Runx2的相对表达水平。结果 瑞舒伐他汀可明显促进细胞增殖(P<0.05),并促进成骨细胞LRPS , Runx2基因的表达(P<0.05),10-7mol/L增殖最明显、基因的表达量最高。结论 瑞舒伐他汀可促进成骨细胞的增殖,可能与LRPS , Runx2基因表达增加有关。     

腺病毒介导的BMP-2基因诱导脂肪间充质干细胞向成骨细胞定向分化

目的探讨人骨形态发生蛋白-2(BMP-2)基因通过腺病毒转染青山羊脂肪间充质干细胞(ADSCs)的可行性及其向成骨细胞定向分化的能力。方法取麻醉状态下青山羊腹股沟脂肪组织,经体外分离培养获得ADSCs,转染以腺病毒介导的人BMP-2基因。倒置相差显微镜观察细胞形态,MTT法检测ADSCs生长增殖情况,免疫细胞化学法对ADSCs细胞进行碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性测定,SABC法检测ADSCsⅠ型胶原的表达,通过RT-PCR、Western blot法检测BMP-2基因的表达水平。结果转染人BMP-2基因的ADSCs形态规则;细胞生长速度快,且随培养时间的延长逐渐增多(P0.05);成骨诱导后,转染组细胞ALP活性和Ⅰ型胶原表达强度明显高于未转染组(P0.05);转染组ADSCs BMP-2基因m RNA水平和蛋白含量均明显强于未转染组(P0.05)。结论经腺病毒介导的人BMP-2基因转染的青山羊ADSCs在体外诱导培养中可以向成骨细胞定向分化,并保持较强的增殖能力;转染后细胞BMP-2目的基因表达增高。     

破骨细胞对IGF-1诱导成骨细胞骨同化的促进作用

目的 探讨破骨细胞(osteoclast, OC)存在时IGF-1对成骨细胞(osteoblast, OB)活性的影响。方法 体外培养MC3T3小鼠成骨细胞及RANKL诱导分化成熟的破骨细胞。以10ng/ mL的rhIGF-1直接干预单独或与破骨细胞共育的成骨细胞, 并设空白对照组,培养12h,检测成骨细胞的增殖、凋亡及碱性磷酸酶活性;培养8d后Von kossa钙化染色法观察矿化结节的形成。结果 成骨细胞、破骨细胞共培养时,rhIGF-1作用12h能够明显促进成骨细胞增殖(P<0.05),抑制成骨细胞的凋亡(P<0.05),使细胞内ALP活性升高(P<0.05),8d时钙化结节的个数及面积百分比升高(P<0.05);与单独培养的成骨细胞组有显著性差异。结论 破骨细胞可明显促进IGF-1所诱导的成骨细胞骨同化作用。     

Effect of N-acetylsphingosine (C2) and the ceramidase inhibitor (1S,2R)-D-erythro-2-(N-myristoylamino)-1-phenyl-1-propanol on the regulation of Sertoli cell function.

In the present study, a possible role of ceramide in the regulation of Sertoli cell function was investigated. Intracellular ceramide levels were increased by adding N-acetylsphingosine (C2) or by inhibiting ceramidase with (1 S,2R)-D-erythro-2-(N-myristoylamino)-1-phenyl-1-propanol (MAPP). Cultured Sertoli cells were stimulated for 3 days with different doses of C2, MAPP, and their corresponding inactive analogs. The effect of these drugs was evaluated along four well-known Sertoli cell parameters: lactate and transferrin secretion, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP) activity, and estradiol production. C2 and MAPP increased lactate production and decreased transferrin secretion. The inactive analogs did not produce any effect. In FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone)-stimulated cultures, C2 and MAPP produced a further increment in lactate production and decreased FSH-stimulated transferrin secretion. No effect was observed under basal or FSH-stimulated gamma-GTP activity, and both treatments decreased estradiol production in response to FSH. Results obtained in dbcAMP (dibutyryladenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate)-stimulated cultures suggest that the observed effects of ceramide on transferrin secretion are secondary to a decrease in cAMP production, whereas the effects of ceramide on lactate and estradiol productions are post-cAMP formation regulatory events. In summary, our results show that ceramide can regulate Sertoli cell function. Similar to what has been observed for other signaling molecules, ceramide can interact with the FSH-dependent pathway, but the precise steps involved in this interaction are still unknown.     

Effects of propane-2, 2-diphosphonate (PDP) on matrix-induced ectopic bone formation in comparison to ethane-1-hydroxy-1, 1-diphosphonate (EHDP)

The most prominent effect of propane-2, 2-diphosphonate (PDP) and ethane-1-hydroxy-1, 1-diphosphonate (EHDP) on matrix-induced ectopic bone in the rat was a dose-dependent inhibition of osteogenesis in the early phases of development. The delay was seen as a consequence of osteoprogenitor cell inhibition. Additionally, later phases of bone maturation were disturbed by interference with the mineralization and remodeling processes. However, direct effects on the calcium phosphates of bone are only of minor additional value, which remains of lesser importance in comparison to the cellular impairment. After withdrawal of diphosphonates, the effects were nearly completely remitted. Neither PDP nor EHDP, even given in high doses, resulted in a lasting reduction in ectopic mass. The remission may be referred to the recovery of cell activities, whereas the mineral impregnation of osteoidosis was, if at all, of little importance. For treatment of ectopic osteogenesis PDP proved inefficient.     

Dual action of isoflurane on the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-mediated currents through recombinant alpha(1)beta(2)gamma(2L)-GABA(A)-receptor channels

Isoflurane (ISO) increased the agonist-induced chloride flux through the gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor (GABA(A)R). This may reflect an anesthetic-induced increase in the apparent agonist affinity. A dual effect of anesthetics was postulated for both the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) and the GABA(A)R. We tested the hypothesis that, in addition to a blocking effect, ISO increases gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-gated currents through recombinant GABA(A)R channels. HEK293 cells were transfected with rat cDNA for alpha(1),beta(2),gamma(2L) subunits. Currents elicited by 1 mM or 0. 01 mM GABA, respectively, alone, or with increasing concentrations of ISO, were recorded by using standard patch clamp techniques. ISO reduced the peak current elicited by 1 mM GABA. Currents induced by 0.01 mM GABA were potentiated by small ISO (twofold at 0.5 mM ISO) and inhibited by larger concentrations. Withdrawal of ISO and GABA induced rebound currents, suggesting an open-channel block by ISO. These currents increased with increasing concentrations of ISO. At large concentrations of ISO, the inhibitory effect predominated and was caused by, at least partly, an open-channel block. At small concentrations of ISO, potentiation of the GABA-gated currents was more prominent. This dual action of ISO indicates different binding sites at the GABA(A)R. The balance between potentiation and block depends on the concentrations of both ISO and GABA.     

Beta-cell calcium-independent group VIA phospholipase A(2) (iPLA(2)beta): tracking iPLA(2)beta movements in response to stimulation with insulin secretagogues in INS-1 cells

Evidence that group VIA cytosolic calcium-independent phospholipase A(2) (iPLA(2)beta) participates in beta-cell signal transduction includes the observations that inhibition of iPLA(2)beta with the bromoenol lactone suicide substrate suppresses glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and that overexpression of iPLA(2)beta amplifies insulin secretory responses in INS-1 insulinoma cells. Immunofluorescence analyses also reveal that iPLA(2)beta accumulates in the perinuclear region of INS-1 cells stimulated with glucose and forskolin. To characterize this phenomenon further, iPLA(2)beta was expressed as a fusion protein with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) in INS-1 cells so that movements of iPLA(2)beta are reflected by changes in the subcellular distribution of green fluorescence. Stimulation of INS-1 cells overexpressing iPLA(2)beta-EGFP induced greater insulin secretion and punctate accumulation of iPLA(2)beta-EGFP fluorescence in the perinuclear region. To determine the identity of organelles with which iPLA(2)beta might associate, colocalization of green fluorescence with fluorophores associated with specific trackers targeted to different subcellular organelles was examined. Such analyses reveal association of iPLA(2)beta-EGFP fluorescence with the ER and Golgi compartments. Arachidonate-containing plasmenylethanolamine phospholipid species are abundant in beta-cell endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and are excellent substrates for iPLA(2)beta. Arachidonic acid produced by iPLA(2)beta-catalyzed hydrolysis of their substrates induces release of Ca(2+) from ER stores-an event thought to participate in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.     

Treatment of stage II lung cancer (T1N1 and T2N1)

Adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma have a worse prognosis than squamous cell carcinoma in the T1N1 and T2N1 subsets. In addition, local failure is a major problem with squamous carcinoma, whereas the most common sites of first recurrence are systemic, especially the brain, in non-squamous cell carcinoma. It is clear that radiation therapy can prevent local recurrences. In addition, chemotherapy prolongs survival but systemic recurrences--especially in the brain--remain the major obstacle to improved cure rates.