真菌球型真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎55例临床分析

目的:探讨真菌球型真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的发病原因、鼻内镜手术方法及临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析55例真菌球型真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎患者的临床资料。结果:全部患者经鼻内镜手术治疗均获临床治愈,无一例出现手术并发症。随访6个月～2年,复发2例。结论:鼻腔、鼻窦局部解剖异常和局部创伤史是真菌球型真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎患者患病的主要原因。鼻内镜手术是治疗真菌球型真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的有效手段。术后复发与术后是否定期冲洗窦腔有关。     

158例非侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎的临床分析

目的分析非侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎的临床特点、影像学特征、治疗方法及预后。方法收集郑州大学第一附属医院2019年10月至2021年10月收治的158例非侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎患者的临床资料, 所有患者均行鼻内镜手术, 经病理明确真菌感染, 术后给予规范化药物治疗及鼻内镜检查随访。结果非侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎主要侵犯上颌窦(67.72%)、蝶窦(23.42%), 以头痛(61.39%)、鼻塞(41.77%)为主要临床表现, 鼻窦CT主要表现为软组织影内可见钙化点, 病理可见真菌菌丝, 鼻内镜手术是目前主要的治疗方法。结论非侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎临床症状不典型, 诊断依据影像学检查及病理结果, 鼻内镜手术可以彻底治疗, 预后好, 复发率不高。     

鼻内镜下手术治疗慢性侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的探讨

目的：评价鼻内镜手术治疗慢性侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的效果。方法：回顾性分析鼻内镜下手术治疗的术后病理确诊为慢性侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的63例患者资料。结果：随访6个月～1年,全部痊愈,少数有轻度并发症。结论：鼻内镜手术是治疗鼻-鼻窦真菌性疾病的有效方法,可不使用抗真菌药。     

鼻内镜下治疗非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的术式选择与疗效

目的探讨鼻内镜手术与传统术式结合治疗非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的疗效。方法对我科2003年6月～2009年6月有完整随访资料的接受鼻内镜手术治疗的58例非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎患者的临床资料进行分析。其中采用单纯鼻内镜手术32例,鼻内镜联合改良柯-陆术式11例,鼻内镜联合下鼻道开窗15例,并对所有患者术后情况进行随访。结果随访1年以上,仅3例手术后复发,其余55例在随访期内均未见复发。结论鼻内镜手术是治疗非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎安全且有效的手段,可基本完整保留鼻腔、鼻窦正常的解剖结构。彻底清除真菌团块、术后定期随访是治疗成功的关键。     

111例非侵袭性真菌性鼻及鼻窦炎临床特征分析

目的:分析非侵袭性真菌性鼻及鼻窦炎的临床特点、诊治过程及疗效,探讨其诊断要点、处理措施及影响疗效和转归的因素。方法:回顾性总结111例非侵袭性真菌性鼻及鼻窦炎患者的临床资料,分析该疾病的临床症状、鼻内镜及CT检查、手术方法、疗效及复发患者的处理。结果:通过临床症状、鼻内镜及CT检查,86例患者术前已获确诊。全部患者经功能性内镜鼻窦手术治疗均获临床治愈,无一例出现手术并发症,随访1～5年,复发12例,于门诊表面麻醉下鼻内镜处理后7例治愈,5例效果不佳。结论:非侵袭性真菌性鼻及鼻窦炎具有独特的鼻内镜及CT表现,可与一般的慢性鼻鼻窦炎相鉴别;鼻内镜手术是治疗非侵袭性真菌性鼻及鼻窦炎的有效手段;彻底清除病变及术后鼻窦引流通畅是影响疗效和转归的最主要因素。     

鼻内镜下治疗真菌性鼻窦炎93例

目的探讨真菌性鼻窦炎经鼻内镜手术治疗的方法及疗效.方法回顾性分析93例真菌性鼻窦炎病例,经鼻内镜下手术治疗的疗效及有关问题.结果93例患者术后经随访3月～2年,窦口引流通畅,无1例复发.结论非侵袭型鼻窦真菌病宜行鼻内镜手术,以彻底清除窦腔病变,术后应继续反复冲洗窦腔,术后不必全身应用抗真菌药物.     

鼻内镜手术治疗真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎26例临床分析

真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎为慢性鼻窦炎里的一种类型,随着CT及鼻内镜的广泛普及,其诊断和治疗取得了较好的效果。2007-01-2011-01期间我科共收治26例真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎患者,均在鼻内镜下手术治疗,随访6个月～3年,效果满意,现报告如下。1资料与方法1.1临床资料通过CT冠状位检查,鼻内镜手术及术后病理证实26例患者为真菌性鼻鼻窦炎,男7例,女19     

鼻内镜手术治疗非侵袭型真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎86例的疗效观察

目的观察鼻内镜手术治疗非侵袭型真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的临床疗效。方法 2015年6月至2016年8月在我科治疗的非侵袭型真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎患者86例,行鼻内镜下鼻窦开放术,术后联合药物治疗及鼻腔冲洗,随访6个月到2年,分析临床疗效。结果 86例非侵袭型真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎患者中,84例术后一次性治愈,随访6个月~2年无复发。2例复发患者,经再次手术后治愈。结论鼻内镜下鼻窦开放术结合药物治疗与鼻腔冲洗,是治疗非侵袭型真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的有效方法。     

鼻内镜手术治疗非侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎

目的探讨非侵袭性真菌性鼻及鼻窦炎（noninvasive fungal rhino-sinusitis,NIFRS）的临床特点和疗效,加深对这一疾病的认识,提高临床诊疗效果。方法回顾性分析47例NIFRS患者的临床表现、鼻内镜检查和CT扫描的病变特征、以及鼻内镜下手术治疗的效果。结果 47例中大部分为真菌球性真菌性鼻及鼻窦炎（40/47）,7例为变应性真菌性鼻及鼻窦炎,7例鼻窦内均发现典型的变应性黏蛋白蓄积。CT显示NIFRS影像学有特殊表现。47例患者均治愈,随访1～10年,复发率6.4%（3/47）,3例伴糖尿病,经再次治疗后痊愈。结论 NIFRS临床症状不具特异性,鼻内镜检查和CT扫描对诊断有特殊价值,鼻内镜手术疗效确切,术后鼻内镜复查、鼻腔冲洗及药物治疗可有效预防疾病复发。     

鼻内镜手术治疗非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎

目的探讨非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的临床特征,鼻内镜手术方法及疗效。方法回顾性分析102例非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎患者临床资料。结果所有患者均行鼻内镜手术治疗,随访6个月至4年,治愈77例,好转20例,复发5例。结论鼻腔鼻窦解剖异常是非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的主要致病因素。鼻内镜手术是治疗非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的有效手段,术后复发与手术的彻底性、术后鼻腔鼻窦处理有关。     

鼻内镜手术治疗非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎59例分析

目的：探讨非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的致病原因、临床特征、鼻内镜手术方法及临床疗效。方法：对2003—01—2006—12的59例非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果：全部病例随访2～5年,无一例并发症,57例一次性治愈,复发2例,经再次手术后治愈。结论：鼻内镜手术清除病灶是治疗非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的最有效方法,手术中应尽量扩大鼻窦的自然开口,手术后定期冲洗窦腔及定期复查可防止疾病的复发。     

小儿鼻窦炎的治疗

目的探讨小儿鼻窦炎的治疗方法,提高治疗效果,减少并发症。方法回顾性分析我院收治的100例小儿鼻窦炎,根据患儿不同情况采用药物鼻腔置换疗法、鼻内镜引导上颌窦自然开口置管冲洗及鼻内镜下功能性鼻窦手术治疗的疗效。结果痊愈74例,好转19例。总有效率为93%,全组病例无严重并发症。结论根据患儿不同情况采用药物鼻腔置换疗法、鼻内镜引导上颌窦自然开口置管冲洗及鼻内镜下功能性鼻窦手术治疗小儿鼻窦炎,治疗效果良好,值得临床推广。     

鼻内镜手术治疗慢性侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎45例

目的探讨鼻内镜下治疗慢性侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎的疗效。方法在鼻内镜下对45例慢性侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎患者行鼻窦清创术,部分病例加行下鼻道开窗术,彻底清除鼻窦病变组织及鼻病变黏膜和骨质,充分开放鼻窦,术后应用大扶康冲洗术腔,并定期行鼻内镜检查。结果随访6个月至6年,治愈41例,复发4例。复发病例经再次鼻内镜手术后治愈,无手术并发症。结论鼻内镜下鼻窦清创术是治疗侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎的重要手段,术后定期复查并辅以大扶康术腔冲洗,疗效良好。     

早期慢性侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻窦CT特征及其诊断意义

目的 :探讨早期慢性侵袭性真菌性鼻 鼻窦炎 (CIFRS)鼻窦CT特征及其诊断意义。方法 :以病理学诊断为依据 ,对 18例诊断为早期CIFRS的鼻窦CT影像学表现进行回顾性分析 ,并与 35例非侵袭性真菌性鼻 鼻窦炎 (NIFRS)进行比较。结果 :早期CIFRS鼻窦CT表现为 :14例 (77.8% )为单窦病变 ,多见于上颌窦 ,其次是蝶窦、筛窦 ;多窦病变为 4例 (2 2 .2 % ) ;病变鼻窦内表现为密度不均匀不透光影 ;单窦病变者窦腔均不同程度向邻近鼻窦、鼻腔或眼眶膨出 ;12例 (6 6 .7% )病变鼻窦内可见钙化斑或点 ,CT值为 80～ 16 0Hu ;7例 (38.9% )病变鼻窦显示窦壁骨质破坏 ,其中 2例同时有中鼻甲大部分破坏 ,1例同时有鼻中隔破坏。与NIFRS鼻窦CT比较 ,CIFRS多窦病变比例和骨质破坏比例较高 ,且破坏程度较大。结论 :早期CIFRS鼻窦CT表现病变多窦侵犯、病变鼻窦骨质破坏的机率略高 ,但总体特征与NIFRS基本相似 ,因此鼻窦CT对早期CIFRS的诊断无特异性意义。     

Proteomics blood testing to distinguish chronic rhinosinusitis subtypes

Objectives: To evaluate the potential of surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (SELDI‐TOF‐MS) proteomic profiling of serum samples to distinguish chronic rhinosinusitis subtypes. Study Design: Translational study of serum samples from prospectively enrolled patients undergoing sinus surgery. Methods: Patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis were prospectively enrolled in an ongoing, institutional review board approved proteomics study. SELDI‐TOF‐MS was performed on 42 serum samples in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (15 patients diagnosed with allergic fungal rhinosinusitis, 10 patients with Samter's triad, and 17 with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis). Classification tree analysis on protein spectra developed from peaks detected in the 0 to 100 kD range was performed to identify disease subtypes. Results: SELDI‐TOF‐MS correctly identified patients with allergic fungal rhinosinusitis from serum samples with 84% sensitivity and 90% specificity, and correctly identified patients with Samter's triad with 88% sensitivity and 88% specificity in two subtype comparison groups. SELDI‐TOF‐MS correctly identified patients with allergic fungal rhinosinusitis with 76% sensitivity and 82% specificity, and correctly identified patients with Samter's triad with 80% sensitivity and 90% specificity in three subtype comparison groups. Conclusion: The study provides molecular evidence that allergic fungal rhinosinusitis is a discrete subtype of chronic rhinosinusitis. SELDI‐TOF‐MS is a promising technology that could lead to the development of a rapid blood test, to identify severe chronic rhinosinusitis subtypes. Further investigation into the utility of this technology is warranted.     

Nasal mycology of chronic rhinosinusitis

BACKGROUND: Ponikau used a novel collection and culturing method to recover fungi from nasal secretion in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. The same method had been used previously in Europe with a similar result. However, the use of Ponikau's method has not been reported in Asia. METHODS: Fifty-one patients with chronic rhinosinusitis who were scheduled for functional endoscopic sinus surgery were enrolled in this study. One day before functional endoscopic sinus surgery, swab specimens were obtained from middle meatuses and were sent to the microbiology laboratory for routine bacterial and fungal cultures. Then, the same nasal cavity was lavaged with 20 mL of sterile water. The exhaled fluid was collected and processed using the Ponikau method. Skin testing with Candida extract was done also in all patients. The results obtained by different culture methods were compared. RESULTS: Bacteria grew from 45 of 51 swab specimens. The culture rate was 88.2%. Fungi were cultured from 6 of 51 swab specimens (11.8%) and from 25 of 51 lavage specimens (49%). The fungal culture rates were significantly different between swab and lavage specimens (p < 0.001). Candida was the most common cultured fungi in the lavaged specimens. CONCLUSION: The study showed that Ponikau's method resulted in a higher fungal culture rate than that obtained with the swab method, but the culture rate was lower than the bacterial culture rate. Additional study is needed to investigate the role of fungi in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis.     

Fungal rhinosinusitis - still unsolved problem

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammatory disease affecting the nose and paranasal sinuses. Fungi are considered to be one of the pathogens responsible for some kinds of CRS. Fungal rhinosinusitis - the classifications schemes, the diagnostic criteria and methods of treatment are still being discussed. 338 patients underwent the endoscopic sinus surgery due to CRS in the Otolaryngology Department of the Medical University of Lodz in the years 2009-2011 (February). The histopathological examination revealed fungi only in three patients. The authors report three cases of patients with fungal rhinosinustis - the fungal ball of the sphenoid sinus in one patients, the fungal ball of the maxillary sinus in the second one and non-invasive fungal rhinosinusitis. The different classifications and diagnostic criteria are also presented. Based on the publications using updated diagnostic standards and sensitive techniques to detect fungi, a higher number of patients can now be diagnosed with fungal rhinosinusitis.     

Noninvasive fungal sinusitis (fungus ball)--diagnostic difficulties

Noninvasive fungal sinusitis (fungus ball) is usually found in one sinus and the most frequently is caused by Aspergillus. Diagnostic criteria are based on histopathology, and fungal cultures are frequently negative. The clinical symptomatology mimics chronic rhinosinusitis and radiology, specially CT and MRI are helpful for making decision of surgery. The authors present 4 cases of fungus ball of the paranasal sinus. In one case clinical symptoms, endoscopic examination of nasal cavity and CT scans suggested foreign body in the maxillary sinus. In other case clinical and radiological evidences made us to thing of neoplasmatic disease of the frontal sinus. In remaining two cases mycetoma was found in the sphenoid sinus. Surgical removal was the treatment in all cases and followed by systemic antifungal therapy in one case because of bone destruction. Histopathology revealed hyphae of Aspergillus without evidence of tissue invasion, fungal cultures in two cases were negative, an in other two Aspergillus fumigatus culture were obtained.     

Allergic fungal otomastoiditis: A case report

Allergic mucin is described as thick, peanut butter‐like mucus impacted in the paranasal sinuses of patients with allergic fungal rhinosinusitis. The presence of allergic mucin in the middle ear has never been reported. We encountered a 65‐year‐old female with allergic mucin found impacted in her left middle ear and mastoid cavity during revised tympanoplasty surgery at our institute. Bilateral endoscopic sinus surgery performed 3 months later showed no evidence of fungal infection or allergic mucin in her paranasal sinuses. We report the case herein and propose the term allergic fungal otomastoiditis for this disease entity.