Treatment of deep burns with human fetal tissues

Treatment of third (AB) degree burns by applying a suspension prepared from human placenta and fetal skin proves as effective as plastic surgery. This approach is particularly helpful when supplies of donor skin are limited, in the therapy of patients with polyvalent allergy, elderly and senile patients with a severe somatic pathology hampering autodermaplasty, in the therapy of children, and in cases of untreatable infected burns. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, N ^o 4, pp. 405–407, April, 1994     

Use of cultured fibroblasts to restore skin in patients with severe burns

A novel and unique method for treating skin burns by grafting cultured cells to the wound surface is described. The major graft elements are allogeneic human fibroblasts rather than keratinocytes. Experience with its use in 222 severely burned patients, including those after early surgical necrectomy, showed this method to be an effective means of treating “borderline” third-degree burns. Epitheliazation times were shortened from 31±2 days to 8.4±0.9 days. When the method was combined with dermatoautoplasty using a 1:6 perforated netted skin flap, the epithelialization period decreased from 20±2.3 to 12±1.3 days. The method proved to be highly effective in the treatment of slowly healing wounds in donor areas. It is concluded that the advantages of the proposed method — high efficacy, the much lower costs (in comparison with other methods) because no expensive nutrient media or growth biostimulators have to be used, and the very short time required to obtain a graft from allogeneic fibroblasts-argue for its wide use in clinical practice. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 6, pp. 566–570, June, 1995     

Experimental study of cytokine regulation of postburn regeneration of the cornea

A complex of cytokines with interleukin-1, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and growth-transforming factor-α, activities promoted resorption of debris and proliferation of keratoblasts in eye burns. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 127, No. 3, pp. 314–316, March, 1999     

Morphological evaluation of the effect of king crab collagenase on experimental thermal burn

The effect of crab collagenase on the healing of thermal burns of uninfected rats is studied morphologically. The enzyme is applied to the wounds using a polyethylene oxide gel with antibiotics. Protease with antibiotics is more effective than Laevomecol ointment. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 122, No. 7, pp. 97–100, July, 1996     

Age dependence of skin autofluorescence

The nontryptophane intrinsic fluorescence of finger pad skin was studied in men aged 20–70 years in order to evaluate the possibility of using this parameter as a biomarker of aging. Linear correlation coefficients (r) between the fluorescence intensity and age varied from 0.50 to 0.66 for various skin sites. Age dependence of the mean value of fluorescence (F) measured on 4 fingers can be approximated by a second-degree polynomial:F=2.82−0.083T+0.0014T ² (r ₁=0.64,r ₂=0.71), whereT is chronological age in years. The proposed measurement of skin autofluorescence is a simple, noninvasive, rapid test for evaluating the aging of the skin in subjects over 40 with a high age-related determination (r ²=0.5). Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 127, No. 3, pp. 351–353, March, 1999     

Comparison of the efficacies of cutaneous and subcutaneous administration of tactivin for correction of secondary immunodeficiency in infants and young children

A method for noninvasive administration of immunomodulators, specifically, of tactivin, has been developed. The dosage form for cutaneous applications represents a special film containing the immunocorrector tactivin. Before application the film and underlying skin site are moistened with normal saline, after which the film is held with a plaster on the skin of the forearm flexor surface for 10–12 h. The optimal dose of tactivin for applications is 100μg. Comparative analysis showed that the efficacies of cutaneous and subcutaneous administration of tactivin to infants and young children are comparable according to immunological criteria and clinical results. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimentalnoi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 11, pp. 496–498, November, 1994 Presented by V. K. Lepakhin, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Applications of collagenolytic protease preparations from invertebrates

The mechanism of action of new enzyme preparations (Collagenase from hydrobionts, Polycollagenase-K, Fermenkol) was described. The structure-destroying effect of these preparations is due to biochemical properties of their active components — collagenolytic protease complexes from various hydrobiont species. These preparations can be effectively applied in medicine and cosmetology for the treatment of burns and frostbites, purulent wounds, trophic and decubitus ulcers, bone and joint inflammations, contractures, dermal scars and keloids, as well as for cell culturing and regulation of drug effects. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperemental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 12, pp. 670–672, December, 1999     

Factors influencing the manifestation of skin allergic reaction to microorganism antigens in healthy subjects

The patterns of variation in skin allergic reactions to antigens ofStaphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, and tuberculin were studied in healthy subjects. The extent of skin reaction was found to vary within a wide range in different populations, with no relationship to genotypic factors. The results of the skin test were related to the type of antigen and did not correlate with the sex, age, or blood group of examinees or with the results of the leukocyte migration inhibition test. Effects of “familial” or climatic and geographic factors were also negligible. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, No. 2, pp. 186–189, February, 1995     

Effects of sex steroid hormones on lipid peroxidation and glutathione antioxidant system in rat skin

Effects of estradiol and testosterone on the intensity of lipid peroxidation and contents of glutathione redox system components in the dermis and epidermis of rat skin were studied. Only estradiol induced considerable dose-dependent and tissue-specific biphasic antioxidant effects on the skin. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 12, pp. 663–666, December, 1999     

Acoustic assessment of skin grafts in children with burn contractures

The outcome of skin plasty is assessed quantitatively with the use of an acoustic skin analyzer, which allows one to measure the rate of the propagation of a surface acoustic wave in the skin. An objective criterion is proposed for evaluating the efficiency of grafting. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 122, No. 10, pp. 478–480, October, 1996     

Role of nitric oxide in modulation of afferent impulses in cutaneous branches of somatic nerves by polarized light

Subcutaneous injection of L-NAME inhibited afferent impulse activity inn. ischiadicus andn. saphenus and abolished the increase in this activity induced by stimulation of mechanoreceptors after skin irradiation with polarized light with various spectral characteristics. Subsequent subcutaneous injection of sodium nitroprusside restored the pattern of afferent impulse activity in these nerves during repeated skin irradiation with polarized light. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 130, No. 8, pp. 140–143, August, 2000     

Allergen-containing drug fromMalassezia SPP. yeast

Malassezia spp. yeast habituating the skin of healthy humans can be a source of allergens for patients with atopic dermatitis. We proposed a method for obtaining allergen-containing preparation by trimming outer cell wall proteins with 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate. The resultant preparation contained 36 and 67 kD proteins known asMalassezia allergens. IgE antibodies to these proteins were detected in the sera of young people with atopic dermatitis. Translated fromByulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 130, No. 11, pp. 548–551, November, 2000     

Quantitative estimation of chromosome aberration frequency in cancer patients induced by endogenous and exogenous factors

In patients with skin melanoma and colon cancer, cell distribution by the number of chromosome aberrations cannot be described by Poisson distribution, but corresponds to a bipopulation model combining the Poisson and geometric distributions. In contrast to the control, in patients with malignant tumors, cells with geometric distribution possess the majority of chromosomal aberrations. Translated fromByulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 130, No. 11, pp. 574–576, November, 2000     

Investigation of mass-transfer in occluded rat arteryIn Vivo

The release of radiolabeled immunoglobulins from distal end of blocked rat carotid artery was studiedin vivo. The elimination half-time was 8–9 min for a 4–5-cm long segment of blocked artery and 16–24 min for a 7–8-cm long segment. Surprisingly high rate of convection in completely blocked arteries under conditions of pulsatile pressure has been demonstrated. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 125, No. 4, pp. 388–391, April, 1997     

Myoepithelial differentiation of basal cell carcinoma and metatypic skin cancer

Basal cell carcinoma and metatypic skin cancer were studied using the indirect immunoperoxidase technique. In basal cell carcinoma morphea-type tumors and in metatypic skin cancer tumor cells contained contractile proteins, specifically, α-actin and smooth muscle myosin. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, N ^o 6, pp. 651–653, June, 1994 Presented by N. K. Permyakov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Effect of ionizing radiation on the expression of transforming growth factor-β

Experiments demonstrate the stimulation of transforming growth factor-β expression in porcine skin soon after ψ-irradiation in a dose of 64 Gy and in mouse macrophages after whole body irradiation in a dose of 4 Gy, which suggests the involvement of macrophages that produce transforming growth factor-β during the early postirradiation period in the development of postirradiation fibrosis. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 126, No. 11, pp. 529–533, November, 1998     

Modification of ethylmethane sulfonate-induced mytagenesis with adrenaline

Experiments withCrepis capillaris dry seeds show that pretreatment with adrenaline hydrochloride and adrenaline hydrotartrate significantly reduces the number of aberrations induced by the supermutagen ethylmethane sulfonate. The effective concentration ranges for adrenaline adrenaline hydrotartrate and hydrochloride are 10⁻¹–10⁻⁷ M and 10⁻³–10⁻⁷ M, respectively. Adrenaline hydrochloride is more effective than adrenaline hydrotartrate (79.1vs. 65%, respectively). Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 126, No. 10, pp. 427–429, October, 1998     

Perfluorodecalin-induced changes in clinical and immunological parameters of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis

Perftoran injected into guinea pigs for 17 days after immunization with encephalitogenic mixture reduces morbidity and/or mortality, suppresses specific inhibition of migration of peripheral blood leukocytes and skin delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction to the main myelin protein, and stimulates the production of anti-myelin antibodies. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 123, No. 3, pp. 315–318, March, 1997     

Effects of fibroblasts, collagen, and laminin on healing of superficial split wounds

Application of cultured fibroblasts on a superficial split wound accelerates its healing: 3–4 daysvs. 5–7 days with type I collagen or laminin and 7–10 days with conventional dressings and wound-healing means. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 124, No. 8, pp. 229–322, August, 1997     

Two mechanisms of progesterone action on the skin (Results of biochemical analysis)

Effects of progesterone on functional activity of lysosomes and lipid peroxidation are measured in the skin of rats in relation to its dose, duration of exposure to it, and skin tissue type (epidermis and dermis). This hormone is shown to regulate both lipid peroxidation intensity and lysosomal activity. It is concluded that these two affects represent two mechanisms through which progesterone exerts its anti-inflammatory effect on the skin. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 122, No. 8, pp. 173–176, August, 1996