胃癌组织中环氧化酶-2的表达及临床意义

应用免疫组织化学方法检测环氧化酶-2（COX-2）在胃癌患者癌组织、癌旁组织及正常胃黏膜组织中的表述。结果正常胃黏膜组织中无COX-2表达或弱表达；COX-2表达阳性率胃癌组织明显高于癌旁组织（P〈0．05）；COX-2表达与胃癌组织TNM分期、淋巴结转移、周围组织浸润有关（P〈0．05）。认为COX-2在胃癌发生、发展中起重要作用。     

SIRT1在胃癌组织、细胞中的表达及意义

目的观察SIRTl在胃癌组织及胃癌细胞中的表达情况,探讨SIRTl同胃癌临床病理特征之间的关系。方法应用Real．timePCR方法检测SIRTlmRNA在21例新鲜胃癌及癌旁组织中的表达情况;应用Westernblot和Real．timePCR方法在蛋白和mRNA水平检测SIRT1在胃癌、胃黏膜上皮细胞中的表达;应用免疫组织化学染色法检测130例胃癌组织及癌旁正常组织中SIRT1蛋白的表达,分析SIRTl蛋白表达与胃癌临床病理特征的关系。结果SIRTImRNA在新鲜胃癌组织中较正常癌旁组织表达增高（P〈0．05）,SIRT1mRNA及蛋白在胃癌细胞中均比正常胃黏膜上皮细胞中表达增高（P均〈0．05）。免疫组化染色结果表明,SIRTl蛋白在胃癌组织中较正常癌旁组织表达增高（P〈0．05）。SIRT1蛋白表达水平同胃癌患者的年龄及肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移、TNM分期、大小有关（P均〈0．05）,同生存时间呈负相关（r=-0．5023,P〈0．05）。结论SIRT1在胃癌组织和胃癌细胞中呈高表达,其在胃癌发生中充当癌基因的角色。     

Cyr61在胃癌中的表达和意义

背景：Cyr61为CCN家族成员之一,又名CCN1,是一种分泌性蛋白。研究发现Cyr61过表达在多种人类恶性肿瘤的发生、侵袭、转移、复发中发挥重要作用。近年来,Cyr61与胃癌的关系日益受到关注。目的：检测Cyr61在胃癌组织和配对癌旁非癌胃黏膜中的表达并探讨其意义。方法：以RT—PCR检测43例胃癌、40例癌旁非癌胃黏膜标本的Cyr61mRNA表达．以免疫组化方法检测82例胃癌、80例癌旁非癌胃黏膜石蜡包埋组织的Cyr61蛋白表达,分析Cvr61在癌旁非癌胃黏膜和不同浸润深度胃癌组织中的表达差异。结果：胃癌组织Cyr61mRNA相对表达量和Cyr61蛋白高表达率均显著高于癌旁非癌胃黏膜（Cvr61mRNA：0．5286＋0．2139对0．3450＋0．1862,P=0．000;Cyr61蛋白：61．0％对32．5％,P〈0．05）。T。期胃癌组织Cyr61蛋白高表达率显著高于T。。期胃癌组织和癌旁非癌胃黏膜（72．2％对39．3％和32．5％,P〈0．05）,T1-2期胃癌组织与癌旁非癌胃黏膜之间则无明显差异（P〉0．05）。结论：Cyr61在胃癌组织中呈过表达．其表达与胃癌浸润深度相关．提示Cyr61可促进胃癌侵袭,并有望成为预测胃癌预后的分子标记物。     

胃癌组织中CHD1L表达及其临床意义

目的：探讨染色质解旋酶DNA结合蛋白1样基因（CHD1L）在胃癌发生发展中的作用。方法采用实时定量RT-PCR和Western blot法观察3株人胃癌细胞系（AGS、N87、HGC-27）及正常胃黏膜上皮细胞中CHD1L mRNA和蛋白表达的差异;采用免疫组化法检测71例人胃癌组织及其配对癌旁组织中CHD1L蛋白表达,分析CHD1L与胃癌临床病理特征的关系。结果与正常胃黏膜上皮细胞比较,3株胃癌细胞系CHD1L mRNA和蛋白表达水平均明显上调（P＜0．05）;71例胃癌组织中CHD1L蛋白表达阳性率明显高于癌旁组织（P＜0．05）,CHD1L蛋白阳性表达与胃癌TNM分期、分化程度及淋巴结转移显著相关（P＜0．05）,与患者性别、年龄及肿瘤大小无相关性（P＞0．05）。结论 CHD1L在胃癌的发生发展中起促进作用;CHD1L表达有助于判定胃癌恶性表型。     

MTAl蛋白在胃癌中的表达及临床意义

应用免疫组化SP法检测67例胃癌、31例癌旁非典型增生及20例正常胃黏膜组织的MTAl蛋白表达，分析其与胃癌发生发展、浸润转移的关系。结果显示，MTAl蛋白在正常胃黏膜、癌旁非典型增生和胃癌组织中的表达率分别为5．00％、22．58％和67．16％，组间比较均有统计学差异（P均〈0．05）；MTAl蛋白表达与胃癌浸润程度、分化程度及淋巴结转移密切相关（P均〈0．05）。提示MTAl参与胃癌的发生发展。     

胃癌及淋巴结转移与血管内皮生长因子A和C的表达及其意义

目的 探讨胃癌及淋巴结转移中血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）A和C的表达特点及其与临床病理特征的关系。方法 应用链霉抗生物素蛋白-过氧化酶染色方法，检测12例正常胃黏膜，8例胃黏膜不典型增生，47例胃癌原发灶以及17例淋巴结转移灶VEGF-A、-C的表达状况。结果 VEGF-A、-C在正常胃黏膜中无阳性表达，在胃黏膜不典型增生中有少量表达，胃癌原发灶中VEGF-A、-C阳性表达率分别是61．89％，57．36％，明显高于正常组织和不典型增生（P〈0．05）；17例淋巴结转移灶中VEGF-A、-C阳性表达率分别是41．18％（7／17），70．59％（12／17），两者差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论 VEGF-A、-C的过度表达与胃黏膜不典型增生及胃癌转移有密切关系，VEGF-A、-C突出地与区域淋巴结转移明显相关。     

Paxillin和PTEN在胃腺癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的研究正常胃黏膜和胃腺癌组织中桩蛋白（Paxillin）及张力蛋白同源的磷酸酶基因（PTEN）的表达及其临床意义。方法应用免疫组织化学sP法分别检测Paxillin和VrEN在40例正常胃黏膜组织、88例胃腺癌组织中的表达,并探讨其与胃腺癌临床病理特征的关系以及二者之间表达的相关性。结果胃腺癌组织中Paxillin阳性表达率（72．5％）明显高于正常胃黏膜（32．5％）（P〈0．05）;PTEN阳性表达率（47．7％）明显低于正常胃黏膜（100％）（P〈0．05）。胃腺癌组织中PaxiUin和PTEN的表达与胃腺癌浸润深度、分化程度、淋巴结转移及临床分期有关（P〈0．05）,与年龄和性别无关（P〉0．05）。经Spearman相关分析,胃腺癌组织中Paxillin与PTEN的表达呈显著负相关（r=-0．369,P〈0．05）。结论胃腺癌组织中Paxillin蛋白水平的高表达与PTEN蛋白水平的低表达可能与胃腺癌的浸润和淋巴结转移等恶性生物学行为相关,二者联合检测可能成为一组能够有效判断胃癌恶性程度和患者预后的指标。     

HIF-1α与iNOS在胃癌组织中的表达及意义

目的研究胃癌组织中缺氧诱导因子1α（HIF-1α）和诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）的表达及意义,探讨HIF-1α与iNOS的相关性。方法胃癌手术标本95例,采用免疫组化法检测HIF-1α和iNOS在胃癌组织和癌旁正常胃黏膜组织中的表达。结果HIF-1α和iNOS在胃癌组织中的表达水平明显高于癌旁正常组织（P均〈0．05）;HIF—1α和iNOS的表达与胃癌的TNM分期、浸润程度和淋巴结转移有关（P〈0．05）;HIF-1α与iNOS正相关（r=0．710,P〈0．05）。结论HIF-1α与iNOS联合检测可作为反映胃癌生物学行为的指标。     

HMGB1、VEGF—C在肺癌组织中的表达及临床意义

采用免疫组织化学染色方法检测肺癌组织中高迁移率族蛋白1（HMGB1）及血管内皮生长因子C（VEGF-C）的表达。结果发现,非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）组织HMGB1及VEGF-C阳性率明显高于癌旁组织（P〈0．05）。HMGB1在肺鳞癌组织中阳性表达率明显低于腺癌组织,而其癌旁组织阳性表达率明显高于腺癌癌旁组织（P均〈0．05）。肺鳞癌组织中VEGF-C阳性表达率明显低于腺癌组织（P〈0．05）;有淋巴结转移NSCLC组织HMGB1及VEGF-C阳性率明显高于无淋巴结转移NSCLC（P均〈0．05）;VEGF-C表达与HMGB1表达呈正相关（P〈0．05）。认为HMGB1和VEGF—C的表达与肺癌组织病理类型和淋巴结转移相关,可作为肺癌转移、治疗和预后判断指标。     

15-羟基前列腺素脱氢酶与胃癌发生关系的研究

NAD依赖性15-羟基前列腺素脱氢酶（15-PGDH）是前列腺素和相关廿烷类生物降解、灭活的关键酶，其表达缺失或减低可能与一些恶性肿瘤的发生、发展密切相关。目的：探讨15-PGDH在胃癌组织和癌旁组织中的表达及其与临床病理特征的关系，初步评价15-PGDH在胃癌发生、发展中的作用及其意义。方法：随机收集30例胃癌患者的癌组织、癌旁3cm和6cm的对照组织，以及10例胃息肉、萎缩性胃炎和健康志愿者正常胃黏膜组织标本，以免疫组化和Western blot法检测15-PGDH蛋白表达，半定量逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）法检测其mRNA表达，并分析其临床病理特征。结果：癌组织中15-PGDH蛋白和mRNA表达显著低于癌旁3cm、癌旁6cm对照组织和正常胃黏膜（P均〈0.01），约1／3癌组织中15-PGDH表达缺失，胃息肉和萎缩性胃炎组织显著低于正常胃黏膜（P均〈0．01）；癌组织中15-PGDH蛋白表达量较癌旁3cm和6cm对照组织分别平均降低5．7倍和8．3倍，胃息肉和萎缩性胃炎组织较正常胃组织分别平均降低2．0倍和2．1倍；黏液腺癌中15-PGDH蛋白量显著低于高分化腺癌（只〈0．05），印戒细胞癌中15-PGDH蛋白和mRNA的表达均缺失：伴有远处转移组15-PGDH蛋白和mRNA表达显著低于无远处转移组（P〈0．05和P〈0．01）；Ⅳ期胃癌组织15-PGDH蛋白表达量显著低于Ⅰ期（P〈0．01），其mRNA表达在Ⅲ、Ⅳ期胃癌组织中显著低于Ⅰ、Ⅱ期胃癌（P均〈0．01）。结论：15-PGDH在胃癌组织中表达减少甚至缺失，在癌旁组织和胃癌前状态中表达减少；15-PGDH表达缺失或减少可能是胃癌发生、发展．以及胃癌浸润转移的重要机制之一。     

Expression of semaphorin 6D in gastric carcinoma and its significance

INTRODUCTION The semaphorin family is characterized by a phylogene- tically conserved sema domain in the extracellular region[1]. This family has been subdivided into eight groups, which play a crucial role in formation of nervous system,embryogenesis, an…     

Expression of survivin and caspase-3 in gastric cancer

Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. However, the molecular pathways involved in the regulation of gastric carcinogenesis are not completely elucidated. In the last decade, basic cancer research has been focused on the deregulation of apoptosis as a central event in the process of carcinogenesis. Caspase-3 and survivin are regulators of apoptosis and have been implicated in the development of gastric cancer. The aim of the present study was to compare the expression of mRNA and protein for survivin and caspase-3 in the gastric cancer and in the cancer margin with that in normal human gastric mucosa. Fifteen patients with advanced gastric cancer (all H. pylori-positive) and 15 matched control subjects with normal gastric mucosa were included in this study. The biospy specimens for histology and for molecular analyses were taken from gastric tumor, tumor surrounding gastric mucosa and in normal patients from the mucosa of antrum and corpus. Survivin mRNA expression was very weak, but detectable, in the normal gastric mucosa. However, at the protein level, no expression for survivin was detected in the normal gastric mucosa. In the biopsy specimens from tumor and surrounding gastric mucosa, a significant increase in survivin mRNA and protein expression was observed. The expression of survivin was higher in the tumor than in the tumor margin. The mRNA and protein expression of caspase-3 was detected in the gastric mucosa of normal subjects. In gastric cancer only the expression of procaspase-3 was observed, while the expression of active caspase-3 was completely undetectable. In the gastric mucosa surrounding gastric cancer, no gene and protein expression for caspase-3 was detected. We conclude that the changes in the level of caspase-3 and survivin play an important role in the transformation from normal gastric mucosa to gastric career.     

Effect of Helicobacter pylori infection on gastric epithelial proliferation in progression from normal mucosa to gastriccarcinoma

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Decreased expression of gastrokine 1 in gastric mucosa of gastric cancer patients

AIM: To investigate the expression of gastrokine 1(GKN1) in normal gastric mucosa, precancerous lesions and gastric cancer tissues, and to analyse its correlations with tumour site and pathological pattern.METHODS: Thirty gastric cancer patients(12 cases of diffuse type and 18 cases of intestinal type), 13 atrophic gastritis patients and 15 healthy volunteers with almost normal gastric mucosa(superficial gastritis) were enrolled in this study. Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infection was examined in all subjects. All gastric mucosa biopsy specimens were obtained. Cancer-adjacent specimens were taken from corresponding gastric cancer patients. Immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR were performed to determine the expressions of the GKN1 protein and m RNA, respectively.RESULTS: H. pylori infection had no significant association with age, gender, tumour site or pathological pattern in all subjects. Compared with the superficial gastritis and atrophic gastritis groups, the expression of GKN1 protein(P = 0.011) and m RNA(P < 0.001) in gastric cancer was significantly decreased. The GKN1 m RNA level in diffuse type gastric cancer was significantly lower than in intestinal type gastric cancer(0.296 ± 0.076 vs 0.525 ± 0.164, P < 0.001).CONCLUSION: Compared with almost normal gastric mucosa, GKN1 expression in the gastric mucosa of gastric cancer patients is decreased; this is associated with progression and prognosis of gastric cancer.     

Enzyme Activities in Human Gastric Cancer and Polyps

Enzyme activities and the protein to DNA ratio in gastric biopsy specimens from patients with gastric cancer and polyps have been measured and compared with values from controls. In uninvolved mucosa in antral gastric cancer increased activities were found for several membrane and lysosomal enzymes, whereas the monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity was decreased (p < 0.0005). In cancer tissue the MAO was also decreased (p < 0.0003). In uninvolved mucosa in gastric cancer of the body, most membrane and lysosomal enzyme activities were increased. In the cancer tissue itself an increase in membrane enzyme activities was found for several enzymes. whereas the MAO activity was decreased (p < 0.0001). Differences between activities in specimens from the gastric mucosa in patients with gastric polyps and those in controls were less pronounced than between gastric cancer and controls. A discriminant analysis, using the enzymes most sensitive to establish correct diagnosis, could identify normal gastric mucosa in 85–95%, atrophic gastritis in 56–63%, and uninvolved mucosa in gastric cancer in 66–78%.     

Ki-67表达及幽门螺杆菌感染在阿司匹林相关性胃黏膜病变中的作用

目的探讨Ki-67表达及幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,H.pylori)在阿司匹林相关性胃黏膜病变中的作用。方法本组阿司匹林相关性胃黏膜病变患者共136例,根据胃镜下表现分为出血组、溃疡组和胃炎组;所有患者均应用快速尿素酶试验检测、病理组织学Giemsa染色及13C尿素呼气试验将136例阿司匹林相关性胃黏膜病变患者分为H.pylori感染阳性组和阴性组,应用免疫组织化学染色对各组病变的增殖细胞核抗原Ki-67表达进行检测。结果在正常胃黏膜上皮组织Ki-67无表达或呈弱阳性表达,平均染色积分为0.125±0.354。在阿司匹林相关性胃黏膜病变中,出血组胃黏膜上皮组织Ki-67平均染色积分为3.916±1.676;溃疡组胃黏膜上皮组织Ki-67平均染色积分为2.174±1.527;胃炎组胃黏膜上皮组织Ki-67平均染色积分为1.394±0.899。出血组胃黏膜上皮组织Ki-67平均染色积分显著高于溃疡组及胃炎组(P<0.05)。H.pylori感染阳性组胃黏膜上皮组织Ki-67平均染色积分为2.275±1.511,H.pylori感染阴性组胃黏膜上皮组织Ki-67平均染色积分为1.588±1.698。H.pylori感染阳性组胃黏膜上皮组织Ki-67染色积分明显高于H.pylori感染阴性组(P<0.05)。结论阿司匹林相关性胃黏膜病变组织中,阿司匹林和H.py-lori均可导致胃黏膜的损伤,促进胃黏膜上皮细胞增殖。     

Caspase-3和P53在胃癌中的表达及临床意义

目的通过检测Caspase-3和P53在胃癌组织及正常胃黏膜组织中的表达情况,探讨两者与胃癌发生、发展的关系。方法采用免疫组化SP法检测胃癌组织及正常胃黏膜组织中两者的表达情况。结果胃癌组织及正常胃黏膜组织中,Caspase-3的表达阳性率分别为30.0%(15/50)、70.0%(14/20),差异有统计学意义(P0.05);P53在胃癌组织及正常胃黏膜中表达阳性率分别为76.0%(38/50)、25.0%(5/20),差异有统计学意义(P0.05);Caspase-3和P53的阳性表达率与胃癌的浸润深度、分化程度、淋巴结转移密切相关。结论 Caspase-3和P53与胃癌的发生及发展密切相关。     

Combined expression of gastrointestinal hormone SP and anti-apoptosis geneBcl-2 in gastric carcinoma

AIM To study the combined expression of gastrointestinal hormone substance P and anti-apoptosis gene Bcl-2 in gastric carcinoma and its significance.METHODS Substance P and Bcl-2 protein expression was examined by the S-P immunohistochemicalmethod in 33 cases of gastric carcinoma, 17 adjacent the carcinoma and 13 normal gastric mucoma.RESULTS Positive expression of SP in gastric carcinoma was higher than that of both adjacent and normalmucosa (P < 0.001). There was no statistical difference in the positive expression between adjacent andnormal mucosa (P > 0.05). The expression of bcl-2 both in gastric carcinoma and adjacent tissues werehigher than that of normal gastric mucosa (P< 0.05-0.01). But the positive expression of Bcl-2 had nostatistical significance between gastric carcinoma and adjacent tissues.CONCLUSION Both gastrointestinal hormone SP and Bcl-2 gene have synergistic expression in gastriccarcinoma, indicating that they all take part in the occurrence of gastric carcinoma. Abnormal expression ofBcl-2 gene occurred in benign gastric pathological changes, once they become carcinoma, the positiveexpression of cell is no more increased, possibly because that there is no more increase of the intensity of Bcl-2 inhibition of cell apoptosis.     

Sleep deprivation increase the expression of inducible heat shock protein 70 in rat gastric mucosa

AIM: To investigate if sleep deprivation is able to increase the expression of inducible heat shock protein 70 in gastric mucosa and its possible role in mucosal defense. METHODS: Rats for sleep disruption were placed inside a computerized rotating drum, gastric mucosa was taken from rats with 1, 3 and 7d sleep deprivation. RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were used to determine the expression of heat shock protein 70. Ethanol (500mL.L(-1), i.g.) was used to induce gastric mucosa damage. RESULTS: RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunostaining confirmed that the sleep deprivation as a stress resulted in significantly greater expression of inducible heat shock protein 70 in gastric mucosa of rats. After the 500mL.L(-1) ethanol challenge, the ulcer area found in the rats with 7d sleep deprivation (19.15 +/- 4.2)mm(2) was significantly lower (P<0.01) than the corresponding control (53.7 +/- 8.1) mm(2). CONCLUSION: Sleep deprivation as a stress, in addition to lowering the gastric mucosal barrier, is able to stimulate the expression of inducible heat shock protein 70 in gastric mucosa of rats, the heat shock protein 70 may play an important role in gastric mucosal protection.