Outcome of intravitreal dexamethasone implant for the treatment of ranibizumab-resistant macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion

To assess the effect of intravitreal dexamethasone implant (Ozurdex) for the treatment of macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO) resistant to repeated intravitreal ranibizumab injection. Retrospective review of 11 patients (11 eyes) with ranibizumab-resistant macular edema secondary to RVO. Macular edema was considered refractory to ranibizumab if no change of the pattern of macular fluid on optical coherence tomography and no change of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was observed after at least three consecutive monthly injections, excluding the loading dose. A single Ozurdex injection was performed and BCVA and central foveal thickness (CFT) were reviewed 2, 3, and 6 months after treatment. Mean BCVA improved significantly from 0.51 logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution (log MAR) at baseline to 0.3 log MAR (p = 0.03) at 2 months and 0.29 log MAR (p = 0.003) at 3 months. There was no significant difference in the BCVA between baseline at 6 months (p = 0.62). Mean CFT reduced significantly from 538 µm at baseline to 281 µm at 2 months (p = 0.00003), 281 µm at 3 months (p = 0.00003), and 445 µm at 6 months (p = 0.03). Treatment with Ozurdex results in improvement of BCVA and reduction of CFT in patients with ranibizumab refractory macular edema due to RVO at 3 months. However, it seems that the visual acuity gain may not last up to 6 months, so that a re-injection before this time point could be considered.     

地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂Ozurdex治疗视网膜静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿的研究进展

视网膜静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿(RVO-ME)为一种严重危害视功能的常见眼底表现,原因在于视网膜静脉血栓形成,造成视网膜毛细血管压力升高,导致血-视网膜内外屏障破坏,血管通透性增加,血管内血液成分渗透到血管外。到目前为止,抗血管内皮生长因子、玻璃体内注射曲安奈德及视网膜激光光凝等已经成为治疗RVO-ME的主要方法,但近年来地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂(Ozurdex)逐渐应用于RVO-ME的治疗,其生物可降解缓释特性、能有效提高最佳矫正视力、减少中央视网膜厚度、作用时间长、安全性较好及不良反应相对较少等优点越来越受到青睐。现就Ozurdex的作用机制和药理特性,以及其对RVO-ME的治疗进展进行综述。     

康柏西普治疗视网膜中央静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿的临床疗效

目的:观察康柏西普(Conbercept,0.5mg)玻璃体腔注射治疗视网膜中央静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿的临床疗效和相关并发症.方法:将2014-10/2015-10临床确诊的48例48眼视网膜中央静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿患者纳入本研究,患者分为康柏西普组(24例24眼)和对照组(曲安奈德,24例24眼).对两组患者分别进行玻璃体腔注射治疗,观察指标包括术前和术后1wk,1、3、6、12mo的最佳矫正视力、眼压、玻璃体注射情况、黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度和相关并发症.结果:两组患者注射前各观察参数对比,均无统计学差异(P>0.05).两组患者间术后1wk,1、3、6、12mo最佳矫正视力改善情况比较,均无统计学差异(P>0.05);术后各时间点黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度与术前相比,康柏西普组分别下降了130.17±1.72、253.33±3.14、318.00±1.41、20.01±1.21、15.09±1.41μm,无注射康柏西普相关并发症发生;对照组分别下降了132.5±2.07、249.67±1.21、317.50±4.23、18.01±1.41、16.09±1.31μm,无注射曲安奈德相关并发症发生.术后各时间点间比较,两组患者黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度比较,差异均无统计学意义(F=6.882,P=0.663>0.05);在注射和观察12 mo内,对照组平均注射2.83±0.72次,康柏西普组注射3.17±0.71次,两组在次数上比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);在并发症和操作过程方面,对照组前房穿刺4眼(17%),术后高眼压3眼(13%),经降眼压治疗后眼压控制正常,未出现视神经损害,并发性白内障1眼(4%),康柏西普组均未发生以上相关并发症.结论:玻璃体腔注射康柏西普治疗视网膜中央静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿是一种效果明显、并发症少、安全的治疗方法.     

Evolution of vitreomacular traction following the use of the dexamethasone intravitreal implant (ozurdex) in the treatment of macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion

Abstract Purpose: To report a case of worsening of vitreomacular traction (VMT) after the dexamethasone intravitreal implant (Ozurdex; Allergan, Inc., Irvine, CA) for the treatment of macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). Case: A 71-year-old man who presented with macular edema secondary to CRVO was treated by intravitreal injections of bevacizumab followed by Ozurdex. Results: VMT developed during the course of treatment and became more evident when macular edema resolved after treatment with Ozurdex. Conclusion: VMT may become apparent and worsen after resolution of macular edema treated with intravitreal Ozurdex.     

Real-life study of the use of anti-VEGF therapy versus dexamethasone implant for treatment of macular edema in retinal vein occlusion

Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology - To investigate the long-time outcome of patients with branch vein occlusion (BRVO) and central vein occlusion (CRVO) treated with...     

Simultaneous intravitreal dexamethasone and aflibercept for refractory macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion

Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology - To assess the functional and anatomical outcomes of concurrent administration of aflibercept injection and dexamethasone (DEX)...     

Hyperbaric oxygen treatment for cystoid macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion

A prospective study was made to estimate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on 14 eyes of cystoid macular edema (CME) secondary to retinal vein occlusion. The visual acuity was improved 2-6 lines (average 3.6 lines) after the treatment, while the control group of 12 cases showed little improvement. The therapeutic effect was stable, however, fluorescein angiography showed no leakage reduction from the perifoveal capillaries, or visual function was enhanced prior to eventual improvement in the fundus. Since HBO therapy has few contraindications nor side effects, it is an effective modality in the treatment of CME.     

雷珠单抗和曲安奈德治疗视网膜中央静脉阻塞的黄斑水肿的配对病例研究

目的:研究玻璃体腔注射曲安奈德(triamcinolone acetonide,TA)和雷珠单抗(Lucentis)治疗视网膜中央静脉阻塞(central retinal vein occlusion,CRVO)的黄斑水肿的疗效.方法:配对病例对照研究.将2013年1月至2015年6月,在我院因CRVO并发黄斑水肿而接受玻璃体腔注射TA或Lucentis 的患者,根据患者基线水平的最佳矫正视力(best-corrected visual acuity,BCVA) (logMAR视力)和黄斑中心厚度(central macular thickness,CMT)将两组患者进行配对,选出12对患者,主要的观察指标为随访1年时两组患者的BCVA和CMT.结果:TA组患者的BCVA由基线时的0.78±0.12提高到0.55±0.24(P=0.005),CMT由基线时的(598.92±192.67) μm减少到(258.28±75.38) μm (P=0.002).Lucentis组患者的BCVA由基线时的0.78±0.11提高到0.48±0.21 (P=0.002),CMT由基线时的(591.75±181.68) μm减少到(281.17±63.08) μm (P=0.002).TA组和Lucentis组患者基线及最终的BCVA和CMT直接均无显著差异.TA组的平均注药次数为(2.4±0.9)次,Lucentis组为(4.0±1.6)次,两组有统计学差异(P=0.012).结论:玻璃体腔注射TA或Lucentis均能减轻CRVO所致的黄斑水肿并提高视力,两者的疗效并无显著差异.TA的平均注射次数比Lucentis组少,但是TA更容易引起眼压升高.应该根据患者的综合情况制定个性化的治疗方案.     

玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗联合地塞米松缓释剂治疗视网膜静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿

目的：比较玻璃体腔注射地塞米松缓释剂(Ozurdex)联合雷珠单抗治疗视网膜静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿(RVO-ME)与单独使用雷珠单抗治疗的疗效及安全性的差异。方法：选取2020-06/2022-12就诊于我院经眼底血管荧光造影检查确诊为非缺血型RVO-ME的患者，所有患者先行玻璃体腔注射0.5 mg雷珠单抗注射液，2 wk后复查黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度(CRT)≥300 μm的42例42眼患者纳入研究，随机分为联合治疗组(21例21眼，即时给予玻璃体腔内注射地塞米松缓释剂)及单药治疗组[21例21眼，仍继续按3+按需(PRN)方式行雷珠单抗注射治疗]。观察治疗前及分组治疗后2 wk，1、2、3、4、5、6 mo的最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、CRT及眼压的改变，并观察眼部及全身并发症的发生情况。结果：分组治疗后2 wk，1、2、3、4、5、6 mo，两组患者BCVA及CRT的改善程度较治疗前显著好转(均P<0.01)； 治疗后2、3 mo，两组间BCVA及CRT比较有差异(均P<0.05)，治疗后2 mo时联合治疗组BCVA字母数增加最明显。单药治疗组黄斑水肿平均复发时间为1.45±0.53 mo，雷珠单抗注射平均4.21±0.78次，两组患者治疗后均未见严重并发症。联合治疗组最常见的并发症为结膜下出血和眼压升高，局部使用降压药后眼压可控制，没有患者需接受抗青光眼及白内障手术。结论：玻璃体腔注射地塞米松缓释剂联合雷珠单抗治疗RVO-ME与单独使用雷珠单抗治疗相比，能显著提高患者的视力，有效减轻黄斑水肿，疗效持续时间长，可有效减少玻璃体腔注药次数。     

视网膜分支静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿的治疗进展

黄斑水肿（macular edema， ME）是视网膜分支静脉阻塞（branch retinal vein occlusion，BRVO）的常见并发症，也是导致视力下降的主要原因。目前，BRVO继发ME的治疗主要包括黄斑格栅样激光光凝和玻璃体内注射激素或抗血管内皮生长因子药物。激素类药物主要包括曲安奈德和地塞米松玻璃体植入剂，抗血管内皮生长因子药物包括雷珠单抗、贝伐单抗、阿柏西普、康柏西普。玻璃体切割术是BRVO继发ME一种有前景的治疗方法。     

Long-term evaluation of patients treated with dexamethasone intravitreal implant for macular edema due to retinal vein occlusion

Purpose

To evaluate the long-term visual prognosis and complications of patients who received intravitreal Ozurdex injections for the treatment of macular edema (ME) due to retinal vein occlusion (RVO).

Methods

A total of 17 patients who received Ozurdex injections in our institution as part of the GENEVA study were recalled for examination. Recorded parameters included final visual acuity (VA), final retinal thickness by optical coherence tomography, persistence of ME, and the occurrence of any complications.

Results

Mean follow-up time was 50.5 months. Patients with branch RVO (BRVO) had a more favorable prognosis than central RVO (CRVO), and their mean VA had improved significantly, whereas the mean VA for the patients with CRVO did not improve significantly. Retinal thickness had reduced significantly in the whole group and in each subgroup separately. Complications included 10 patients with cataract progression, 1 with elevated intraocular pressure, and 1 with neovascularization and vitreous hemorrhage.

Conclusions

This is the first reported long-term evaluation of patients treated with Ozurdex. Our results indicate that it has favorable long-term safety profile, and may have a beneficial effect on the visual prognosis in BRVO even in the absence of continuous treatment. Further research is required to establish the optimal retreatment schedule for Ozurdex.     

炎症在视网膜静脉阻塞性黄斑水肿中的作用

视网膜静脉阻塞性黄斑水肿是造成患者视力下降及致盲的常见原因。研究表明,炎症机制在黄斑水肿的发生过程中发挥了重要作用。视网膜静脉阻塞发生后,局部损伤激活固有免疫活性细胞,合成和释放大量细胞因子,共同参与炎症反应,导致黄斑水肿发生。本文就视网膜静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿可能的炎症机制作一综述,以期为针对炎症的治疗提供理论依据。