重组人碱性成纤维细胞生长因子对大鼠动脉内皮损伤后再狭窄的影响

目的：探讨重组人碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（rh-bFGF)对经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术后再狭窄的预防效果。方法：用2F球囊导管造成大鼠左颈总动脉内皮损伤。治疗组每天im rh-bFGF 10kU/kg.分别于术后7天和14天,每组各处死大鼠10只,取左颈总动脉进行[^3H]胸腺嘧啶掺入测定和病理形态学检查。结果：在第7天和第14天时,与模型对照组相比,rh-bFGF治疗组颈总动脉平均新生内膜厚度明显变薄;平均中膜面积缩小;平滑肌细胞和弹力板层数减少;胶原含量及[^3H]胸腺嘧啶掺入量也比模型对照组明显降低。结论：适当应用rh-bFGF有抑制气囊损伤后动脉新生内膜增厚,降低再狭窄发生的作用。     

普罗布考抑制再狭窄与其调节功能性血管重构的关系

目的　研究普罗布考抗动脉成形术后再狭窄与其调节功能性血管重构的关系。方法　用 3 5F球囊导管构建兔动脉粥样硬化动脉成形术后再狭窄模型。动脉成形术 2wk后取其胸主动脉 ,固定染色并进行计算机图像分析 ;观察血管环对乙酰胆碱诱导的舒张百分率 ,然后再观察其对内源性收缩物质去甲肾上腺素 (NA)、KCl以及 5 羟色胺 (5 HT)的收缩反应性。同时 ,在动脉成形术 2wk后留其血清 ,观察普罗布考对动脉成形术后血清一氧化氮 (NO)含量的影响。结果　普罗布考明显增加血管管腔面积 ,减少新生内膜面积 ;可保护动脉成形术后血管的舒张功能 ,保护内皮细胞合成与释放内皮源性舒张因子NO ,降低血管对内源性收缩物质的收缩反应性。结论　普罗布考能提高扩张性血管重塑 ,抑制收缩性血管重塑 ,从而防止动脉成形术后管腔缩窄防止再狭窄的发生     

诺帝对血管内皮生长因子诱导的人脐血源性内皮祖细胞功能的影响

探讨手性化合物诺帝(Nordy)对血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)诱导的人脐血源性内皮祖细胞(EPCs)功能的影响及其意义。应用密度梯度离心法分离新鲜人脐血的单个核细胞，接种于EGM-2培养液中培养7～10 d获得内皮祖细胞(EPCs)。分别采用MTT法、Millicell-PCF培养小室系统和Matrigel内小管形成试验检测诺帝对VEGF刺激下EPCs增殖活性、迁移能力和体外形成小管样结构能力的影响。结果表明，100 μmol·L^-1诺帝作用24 h明显抑制EPCs增殖活性(P<0.05)，诺帝(25～50 μmol·L^-1)作用48～72 h也明显抑制EPCs增殖活性(P<0.05)。诺帝(25～100 μmol·L^-1)显著抑制VEGF诱导的EPCs迁移活性和体外形成小管样结构的能力(P<0.05)。诺帝能抑制体外VEGF诱导的人脐血源性EPCs增殖、迁移和体外小管形成能力，提示其具有抗EPCs效应。     

紫杉醇对兔血管内皮和平滑肌细胞增生影响的差异及意义

目的探讨紫杉醇对兔血管内皮和平滑肌增生影响的差异及意义.方法将兔血管平滑肌细胞接种于共培养体系上室、内皮细胞接种于下室建立体外内膜修复模型,观察紫杉醇对兔血管平滑肌和内皮细胞3H-TdR掺入、细胞计数和迁移率的影响,用直线回归法计算紫杉醇对平滑肌和内皮细胞增生迁移的半数有效抑制浓度IC50.结果在1 nmol·L-1～1 μmol·L-1之间,紫杉醇呈浓度依赖地抑制平滑肌细胞3H-TdR掺入、细胞计数和迁移(n=6, P＜0.01).在10 nmol·L-1～1 μmol·L-1之间,紫杉醇呈浓度依赖地抑制内皮细胞3H-TdR掺入、细胞计数和迁移(n=6, P＜0.01).1 nmol·L-1紫杉醇对内皮细胞3H-TdR掺入和细胞计数有抑制倾向,但与对照组相比无统计学差异.而1 nmol·L-1的紫杉醇却已显著抑制内皮细胞迁移(n=6, P＜0.01).紫杉醇对兔血管平滑肌细胞增生、迁移抑制的IC50分别为 10.09±0.47、9.16±0.54 nmol·L-1,对内皮细胞增生、迁移抑制的IC50分别为 19.05±0.35、5.37±0.51 nmol·L-1.10 nmol·L-1紫杉醇作用 20 min 在观察时间内能持续抑制融合内皮组平滑肌增生,而对数内皮组平滑肌增殖在10 d时明显高于对照组.结论紫杉醇在抑制兔血管平滑肌细胞增生的同时也抑制内皮增生,紫杉醇干预后平滑肌细胞增生延迟与内皮细胞再生延迟密切相关.     

2型糖尿病对脑梗死患者血小板衍生内皮细胞生长因子和血管内皮细胞生长因子的影响

目的观察2型糖尿病对急性脑梗死患者血清血小板衍生内皮细胞生长因子(PD-ECGF)和血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)的影响。方法入选急性脑梗死患者73例(其中非伴随糖尿病患者32例设为A组,伴随糖尿病患者41例设为B组)、同期住院的合并2型糖尿病的非脑血管病患者30例(C组),以及不伴糖尿病的非脑血管病患者30例(D组)为研究对象。用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附实验法检测A组和B组患者在发病后第1,3,7,10~14天时的血清PD-ECGF、VEGF浓度,C组和D组患者检测入院第1天的血清PD-ECGF、VEGF浓度。用美国国立卫生院神经功能缺损评分(NIHSS)量表对A组和B组进行NIHSS评分。结果发病后1,3,7,10~14 d,A组的PD-ECGF分别为(5.93±1.25),(5.93±1.25),(4.19±1.23)和(3.67±1.06)μg·m L^-1,B组的PD-ECGF分别为(2.88±0.54),(2.84±0.53),(2.81±0.41)和(2.86±0.49)μg·m L^-1;A组的VEGF分别为(172.32±31.91),(254.36±49.56),(321.80±52.20)和(195.91±40.25)pg·m L^-1,B组的VEGF分别为(154.91±31.84),(158.69±29.27),(156.92±38.16)和(159.64±27.21)pg·m L^-1,2组各个时间点比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。入院第1天,C组和D组的PD-ECGF分别为(2.25±0.49)和(2.79±0.51)μg·m L^-1,VEGF分别为(94.90±19.85)和(151.11±30.33)pg·m L^-1,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。发病后第1天,A组和B组的NIHSS评分分别为(12.52±3.25)和(12.89±2.56)分,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);发病后第10~14天,A组和B组的NIHSS评分分别为(4.24±1.87)和(6.48±2.15)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 2型糖尿病可通过降低脑梗死患者血清PD-ECGF和VEGF表达水平,影响患者的预后。     

血管内皮生长因子预防血管成形术后再狭窄的机制

目的 探讨血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）预防血管成形术后再狭窄的机制.方法 使用高脂饲养建立实验性动脉粥样硬化家兔模型.将VEGF作用于健康兔和动脉粥样硬化兔主动脉血管内皮细胞（VEC）,测定一氧化氮（NO）、125I-内皮素（ET）、6-酮-前列腺素F1α（6-keto-PGF1α）、组织纤溶酶原激活物（t-PA）、纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂（PAI）等.结果 VEC异常组与VEC正常组比较,ET、PAI和t-PA均显著升高,NO、6-keto-PGF1α、t-PA/PAI均明显降低,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.不同质量浓度VEGF组与空白对照组比较,NO、6-keto-PGF1α和PAI均升高,其他指标均降低,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论 动脉粥样硬化伴有VEC分泌功能异常,VEGF可促进健康兔和动脉粥样硬化兔的VEC增殖,并促进NO、PAI等分泌,抑制ET、t-PA,降低t-PA/PAI.     

Pharmacological and mechanistic aspects concerning the use of heparin and β-cyclodextrin tetradecasulfate for the treatment of vascular restenosis

Aberrant smooth muscle cell (SMC) growth within the intimal tissues of the arterial wall plays a major role in the development of restenosis which commonly occurs following coronary bolloon angioplasty. Studies from several laboratories have demonstrated that heparin reduced neointimal formation in response to balloon denudation in vivo and that heparin also inhibits the growth and migration of cultured SMC in vitro. In this paper, data will be presented demonstrating that heparin markedly inhibits neointimal thickening and bromodexyuridine incorporation into newly synthesized DNA in a fully characterized rat model of arterial injury. Heparin treatment begun at the time of angioplasty and continued for as little as 2–4 days resulted in substantial inhibiton of neointimal formation 14 days later. The relevance of the rat model to human restenosis and the positive and negative aspects concerning the use of heparin and heparin-like molecules for the treatment of vascular restenosis will be discussed. In addition, we will show that heparin recognizes specific binding sites on the surface of cultured aortic SMC which is a feature possibly associated with the anti-proliferative mechanism of action of heparin. Finally, a highly sulfated cyclic polysaccharide, β-cyclodextrin tetradecasulfate (S-β-CD), was found to significantly inhibit neointimal formation in the rat model of arterial injury. S-β-CD retains several positive aspects but lacks some of the negative features associated with the chronic use of heparin for the treatment of vascular restenosis. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Arsenic trioxide induces growth inhibition and death in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells accompanied by mitochondrial increase and GSH depletion

Arsenic trioxide (ATO; As₂O₃) induces cell death in various cells via oxidative stress. Expose to chronic arsenic is involved in the development of vascular diseases. However, little is known about the cytotoxic effects of ATO on human normal vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Thus, in this study, we investigated the effects of ATO on cell growth and death in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle (HPASM) cells in relation to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH) levels. ATO treatment decreased the growth of HPASM cells with an IC₅₀ of ～30–50 μM at 24 h, and ATO induced HPASM cell death via apoptosis or necrosis dependent on the doses of it at this time. Treatment with 50 μM ATO did not increase ROS levels at the early time points, but it significantly increased mitochondrial levels at 24 h. ATO also induced GSH depletion in HPASM cells. N‐acetyl cysteine (NAC; a well‐known antioxidant) did not significantly affect apoptotic cell death, ROS levels, or GSH depletion in ATO‐treated HPASM cells. However, l ‐buthionine sulfoximine (BSO; an inhibitor of GSH synthesis) intensified mitochondrial levels in ATO‐treated HPASM cells, and significantly increased cell death and GSH depletion in these cells as well. In summary, we provided the first evidence that ATO inhibited the growth of HPASM cells, and induced apoptotic and/or necrotic cell death in these cells, accompanied by increases in mitochondrial level and GSH depletion.     

以血管内皮生长因子及其受体为靶点的肿瘤疫苗研究进展

肿瘤的生长、侵袭和迁移依赖于血管新生.因此,以抑制肿瘤血管形成为目标的抗肿瘤治疗策略是当前研究的热点.血管内皮生长因子及其受体在肿瘤血管新生这一病理性血管形成过程中起关键作用,从而使它们成为研发肿瘤疫苗的靶点.此文就疫苗的研发基础、免疫机制及研究进展做一综述.     

小鼠视网膜血管内皮细胞生长因子与视网膜新生血管的相关性研究

目的研究氧诱导视网膜新生血管小鼠模型中视网膜血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)与视网膜新生血管的相关性。方法通过建立氧诱导视网膜新生血管小鼠模型,分别于12、14、17、21 d龄随机抽取2组幼鼠各6只,一侧眼球测定视网膜VEGF水平,另一侧眼球进行视网膜铺片、ADP酶染色,考察其相关性。结果模型组小鼠左眼球ADP酶染色结果显示,模型组12 d龄小鼠血管迂曲、扩张、变形,随时间延长血管变形加重,17 d时最严重,且视乳头周围出现大片无灌注区,视网膜周边可见大量新生血管生成,到21 d时模型开始恢复。视网膜VEGF测定结果显示,12 d龄模型小鼠VEGF开始升高,17 d达峰值,以后下降。结论视网膜VEGF变化和视网膜血管形态具有很好的正相关性,17 d时新生血管形成最多。     

肺癌患者放疗前后血清血管内皮生长因子水平测定及临床意义

目的探讨肺癌患者放疗前后血清血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）的变化。方法采用EUSA法于放疗前后检测40例肺癌患者VEGF的水平。并与对照组比较。结果肺癌患者血清VEGF水平较对照组明显升高，差异有显著性；Ⅲ期患者VEGF水平显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ期患者。与病理类型无明显相关性；放疗后2周和放疗后1月血清VEGF水平明显下降，放疗前和放疗后NR＋PR组血清VEGF水平分别高于CR＋PR组，放疗后血清VEGF水平比放疗前下降，但NR＋PD组VEGF水平下降不明显。结论治疗前血清VEGF水平处于低水平患者。近期疗效好，血清VEGF水平处于高水平患者具有潜在复发和转移，近期疗效差。检测血清VEGF水平动态变化．有助于肺癌患者临床分期、病情检测、疗效观察和预后判断。     

动脉粥样硬化血管内皮分泌功能失调与平滑肌细胞增殖

血管内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞是血管壁两种主要细胞,两者在结构上和功能上有着密切的关系,动脉粥样硬化的发生源于循环因子和血管壁细胞间的相互作用,内皮细胞损伤等所导致的分泌功能失调和平滑肌细胞的异常增殖而引起的血管腔狭窄和痉挛是动脉粥样硬化等多种血管疾病发生发展的共同病理基础。本文从动脉粥样硬化病理状态下血管内皮分泌的生长因子、细胞因子、血管活性物质对平滑肌细胞增殖影响的最新研究进展做一综述。     

雷公藤内酯抑制内皮细胞血管内皮生长因子表达与合成

目的:研究雷公藤内酯对血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)mRNA表达及VEGF合成与分泌的影响,进一步探讨雷公藤内酯降低肾小球肾炎患者尿蛋白的作用机制。方法:以人内皮细胞系ECV-304为研究对象,利用半定量逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR),流式细胞仪,酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测不同剂量雷公藤内酯对佛波脂(TPA)诱导的内皮细胞VEGFmRNA表达及VEGF合成与分泌的影响,用RT-PCR检测雷公藤内酯对内皮细胞c-fos/c-jun mRNA表达的影响。结果:TPA能够明显上调VEGF mRNA表达,蛋白合成与分泌。而雷公藤内酯可以抑制TPA诱导的内皮细胞VEGF mRNA表达及VEGF蛋白合成与分泌,该作用在10μg·L~(-1)时更为明显。同样,雷公藤内酯剂量依赖性地抑制TPA诱导的内皮细胞c-fos/c-jun mRNA的表达。结论:雷公藤内酯通过影响c-fos/c-jun基因转录而抑制内皮细胞VEGFmRNA表达及VEGF合成与分泌是雷公藤内酯降低肾小球肾炎患者尿蛋白的作用机制之一。     

反义寡脱氧核苷酸抑制U937泡沫细胞血管内皮生长因子的表达(英文)

AIM:To study the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induced by oxidized low density liprotein (ox-LDL) and the inhibitory effects of antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (asODN) on the levels of VEGF protein and mRNA in the U937 foam cells. METHODS: U937 cells were incubated with ox-LDL 80 mg/L for 48h, then ,the foam cells were treated with asODN (0,5,10, and 20μmol/L). The VEGF concentration in the media was determined by ELISA. The VEGF protein expression level in cells was measured by immuohistochemistry; the positive ratio detected by a morphometrical analysis system was used as the amount of the VEGF expression level. The VEGF mRNA level was examined by Northern blotting. RESULTS: After U937 cells were incubated with ox-LDL, VEGF expression level increased greatly both in the cells and in the media. asODN markeldy inhibited the increase of VEGF. After treatment with asODN 20μmol/L, the VEGF protein concentration in the media decreased by 45.0%, the VEGF positive ratio detected by immuohistochemistry in cells decreased by 64.9%, and the VEGF mRNA level decreased by 47.1%. CONCLUSION: The expression of VEGF in U937 foam cells was strong. asODN inhibited VEGF expression significantly in U937 foam cells in vitro.     

Homocysteine impaired endothelial function through compromised vascular endothelial growth factor/Akt/endothelial nitric oxide synthase signalling

1. Hyperhomocysteinaemia (HHcy) is associated with endothelial dysfunction and has been recognized as a risk factor of cardiovascular disease. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of homocysteine (Hcy) on endothelial function in vivo and in vitro, and the underlying signalling pathways. 2. The HHcy animal model was established by intragastric administration with l ‐methionine in rats. Plasma Hcy and nitric oxide (NO) concentration were measured by fluorescence immunoassay or nitrate reductase method, respectively. Vasorelaxation in response to acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside were carried out on aortic rings. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were treated with indicated concentrations of Hcy in the in vitro experiments. Intracellular NO level and NO concentration in culture medium were assayed. The alterations of possible signalling proteins were detected by western blot analysis. 3. l ‐methionine administration induced a significant increase in plasma Hcy and decrease in plasma NO. Endothelium‐dependent relaxation of aortic rings in response to acetylcholine was impaired in l ‐methionine‐administrated rats. The in vitro study showed that Hcy reduced both intracellular and culture medium NO levels. Furthermore, Hcy decreased phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) at serine‐1177 and phosphorylation of Akt at serine‐473. Hcy‐induced dephosphorylation of eNOS at Ser‐1177 was partially reversed by insulin (Akt activator) and GF109203X (PKC inhibitor). Furthermore, Hcy reduced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in a dose‐dependent manner. 4. In conclusion, Hcy impaired endothelial function through compromised VEGF/Akt/endothelial nitric oxide synthase signalling. These findings will be beneficial for further understanding the role of Hcy in cardiovascular disease.     

二氢青蒿素抑制K562细胞血管内皮生长因子的表达

目的通过观察二氢青蒿素抑制K562细胞血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的表达，探讨青蒿素类药物在抑制血液肿瘤血管新生方面的作用。方法运用MTT法、免疫组化分析和Western blotting分析等探讨了二氢青蒿素对K562细胞增殖以及VEGF表达方面的影响，并进一步对药物预处理后肿瘤细胞的条件培养基在促内皮细胞增殖以及促鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜(CAM)血管新生的作用进行评定。结果二氢青蒿素能有效抑制K562细胞的增殖，并显著下调K562细胞VEGF蛋白和mRNA的表达。同时,药物预处理细胞的条件培养基，其促内皮细胞增殖和促CAM血管新生的能力都有所下降，并呈药物浓度依赖性。结论二氢青蒿素能显著下调K562细胞VEGF的表达，并能抑制由其诱导的血管新生作用。     

欧芹素乙对人脐静脉内皮细胞的保护作用及对血管内皮生长因子表达的影响

目的:研究欧芹素乙对内皮细胞的保护作用;溶血磷脂酰胆碱(LPC)对人脐静脉内皮细胞株HUVEC细胞中血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达的影响以及欧芹素乙的影响.方法:应用四唑盐(MTT)法检测溶血磷脂酰胆碱对HUVEC细胞的毒性作用及欧芹素乙的保护作用;应用基础酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测各组条件培养基中VEGF蛋白含量;采用RT-PCR法及Reahime PCR方法检测溶血磷脂酰胆碱对VEGF mRNA的表达及欧芹素乙的影响.结果:MTT检测结果显示,溶血磷脂酰胆碱对HUVEC细胞具有较强的生长抑制作用,而欧芹素乙对溶血磷脂酰胆碱所致的细胞增殖抑制具有较好的保护作用.ELISA结果显示,HUVEC细胞暴露于溶血磷脂酰胆碱后,VEGF蛋白含量明显升高;加入欧芹素乙后剂量依赖性地降低VEGF蛋白的表达.RT-PCR结果显示,溶血磷脂酰胆碱可以增加3种VEGF异构体的转录水平,其中VEGF165的表达显著增加,欧芹素乙可剂量依赖性地抑制溶血磷脂酰胆碱引起的VEGF mRNA的高表达.结论:欧芹素乙对溶血磷脂酰胆碱引起的细胞损伤有明显的保护作用;欧芹素乙可抑制溶血磷脂酰胆碱所诱导的HUVEC细胞中VEGF蛋白及VEGF mRNA的高表达,对内皮细胞起到保护作用.     

维拉帕米诱导血管平滑肌细胞凋亡及其在再狭窄机制中的作用

目的探讨维拉帕米能否诱导血管平滑肌细胞凋亡及细胞凋亡在再狭窄机制中的作用。方法分别取正常兔髂动脉,动脉粥样硬化及再狭窄髂动脉血管中膜组织进行平滑肌细胞培养,［３Ｈ］ ＴｄＲ参入法测定细胞增殖活性,维拉帕米诱导平滑肌细胞凋亡,通过电镜观察,ＤＮＡ凝胶电泳及流式细胞仪了解各组平滑肌细胞凋亡情况。结果维拉帕米诱导下,平滑肌细胞的变化具有凋亡的典型特征。血管成形术后,细胞增殖及凋亡系统均被激活,再狭窄组细胞增殖程度增加２６％,细胞凋亡激活程度增加１９％,二者比例失衡。结论维拉帕米能够引起血管平滑肌细胞凋亡,而平滑肌细胞凋亡的相对减少在再狭窄的发生机制中发挥一定的作用。