胍丁胺对大鼠心室肌细胞L—钙通道电流的影响

目的:观察胍丁胺(Agm)对大鼠心室肌细胞L-型钙通道电流(I_(Ca-L))的影响.方法:以酶解法制备单个心室肌细胞.应用全细胞膜片箝技术记录大鼠单个心室肌细胞钙通道电流.结果:(1)Agm(0.5,1,2mmol/L)可浓度依赖性地降低电压依赖性激活I_(Ca-L)(pA)峰值,其值从1451±236 (对照组)到937±105(n=8,P<0.05),585±74(n=8,P<0.01),和301±156(n=8,P<0.01).(2)Agm 1 mmol/L使用依赖性地阻滞I_(Ca-L)·1 Hz时抑制率为53％±12％(P<0.05),3Hz时为69％±11％(P<0.01).(3)Agm使I-V曲线上移,但对I_(Ca-L)的电压依赖特征、最大激活电压以及I_(Ca-L)稳态激活无明显影响.在Agm 1 mmol/L作用下,半数激活电压(V_(0.5)和斜率参数(k)与对照组相比均无显著性差异.V_(0.5)分别为(-20.2±2.5)mV和(-20.5±2.7)mV,k分别为(3.2±0.4)mV和(3.0±0.5)mV.(4)Agm 1 mmol/L可明显使钙电流稳态失活曲线左移,加速钙通道电压依赖性稳态失活.V_(0.5)分别为(-32±6)mV和(-40±5)mV,k分别为(7.6±O.9)mV和(12.5±1.1)mV(P<0.05).(5)Agm 1mmol/L还使I_(Ca)从失活状态下恢复明显减慢.结论:Agm抑制I_(Ca-L),并主要作用于L-型钙通道的失活状态,表现为钙通道失活加速和从失活状态下恢复减慢.     

花生四烯酸乙醇胺对大鼠心肌细胞L型钙电流的影响

目的研究anandamide(花生四烯酸乙醇胺)对单个大鼠心肌细胞L型钙电流(I Ca-L)的影响。方法应用全细胞膜片钳技术记录I Ca-L,并观察anandamide对该电流的作用。结果 (1)anandamide浓度依赖性地减小I Ca-L,其IC50值为(1.3±0.3)μmol·L-1。(2)1μmol·L-1anandamide可明显使稳态失活曲线左移,失活中点电压(V1/2)由(-34.4±0.2)mV变为(-42.2±0.6)mV,K值由(5.7±0.2)变为(6.4±0.4),表明anandamide改变了钙通道失活的电压依赖性。anandamide 1μmol·L-1对稳态激活曲线无明显影响。结论 anandamide可使稳态失活曲线左移而剂量依赖性地减小I Ca-L。     

槟榔碱对大鼠心室肌细胞瞬时外向钾电流的影响

目的：研究槟榔碱(Are)对大鼠心室肌细胞瞬时外向钾电流(I_(to))的影响。方法：利用全细胞膜片钳技术测定大鼠心室肌细胞的I_(to)。结果：10.0μmol·L~(-1) Are可以降低I_(to),使I_(to)幅值从(10.6±s 1.2)pA·pF~(-1)降至(6.2±0.9)pA·pF~(-1)(P＜0.01,n=20)。在1～100μmol·L~(-1)范围内Are的作用呈浓度依赖性,IC_(50)为8.2μmol·L~(-1)。10.0μmol·L~(-1)Are使稳态激活曲线右移,半激活电压(V_(1/2))从(-11.6±0.6)mV移至(-2.3±0.1)mV,但曲线斜率基本不变。Are对失活曲线影响不大,但10.0μmol·L~(-1)Are使通道失活后恢复时间常数从(88±16)ms延长为(152±24)ms(P＜0.01,n=18)。结论：Are浓度依赖地阻滞大鼠心室肌细胞的I_(to)。     

心肌肽素对豚鼠心室肌细胞L型钙通道的影响

目的研究心肌肽素对豚鼠心室肌细胞L型钙通道的影响,探讨心肌肽素在离子通道水平的药理作用机制。方法用急性酶解分离法获得豚鼠心室肌细胞,标准的全细胞膜片钳技术记录L型钙电流(ICa-L)。结果心肌肽素1、5、10、50、100、500 mg.L-1使豚鼠心室肌细胞ICa-L分别增加(5±4)%、(21±5)%、(30±5)%、(55±8)%、(76±11)%、(80±9)%,半最大效应浓度(EC50)为(18±6)mg.L-1。心肌肽素50 mg.L-1使ICa-L激活时间(TTP)从(6.7±0.9)m s缩短为(5.9±0.7)m s(P<0.01);使ICa-L电流密度-电压曲线下移,但激活电压、峰电压和I-V曲线的形状不变;激活曲线向负电压方向变化,半数激活电压从(-4.3±0.4)mV减少至(-8.6±0.4)mV(P<0.05);不影响稳态失活曲线和稳态失活后恢复曲线。结论心肌肽素浓度依赖性增强豚鼠心室肌细胞ICa-L。     

海葵毒素anthopleurin—Q对豚鼠心室肌细胞钠电流的作用

目的:研究从海葵(Anthopleura xanthogrammica)提取的毒素anthopleurin-Q(AP-Q)对豚鼠心室肌钠电流(I_(Na))的作用。方法:用酶消化法分离豚鼠单个心室肌细胞,用全细胞膜片箝技术记录心室肌细胞钠电流。结果:AP-Q 3-30nmol/L浓度依赖性地增大I_(Na),EC_(50)、为104nmol/L(95％可信范围:78-130nmol/L)。AP-Q 300nmol/L使I-V曲线左移,使半数激活电压从(-36.3±2.3)mV变为(-43±23)mV(n=6,P<0.01),半数失活电压从(-75±6)mV变为(-59±5)mV(n=6,P<0.01)。AP-Q 300nmol/L使I_(Na)半数恢复时间从(114±36)ms缩短为(17±2)ms(n=6,P<0.01),并明显减慢I_(Na)的快速失活时间常数(τ_f)。结论:AP-Q对I_(Na)有促进作用并减慢其失活过程。     

5—羟色胺增强去甲肾上腺素诱导的肥厚心肌L—型钙电流

目的:研究5-羟色胺(5-HT)对去甲肾上腺素(NE)诱导的大鼠肥厚心肌L-型钙电流(I_(Ca))的影响.方法:大鼠腹腔注射NE建立心肌肥厚模型;酶解分离单个心室肌细胞;全细胞膜片箝记录I_(Ca).结果:(1)腹腔注射NE第15天,大鼠左心室与体重比增加31.8％(2)肥厚心肌细胞I_(Ca)与正常心肌细胞相比,明显增加0mV时分别为4.5pA/pF±0.5pA/pF和3.5pA/pF±0.3pA/pF(P<0.01).(3)5-HT可显著增加肥厚和正常心肌细胞I_(Ca),并使最大激活电流从0mV降低至-10mV;此外,5-HT增加I_(Ca)作用在肥厚心肌细胞更为显著.(4)稳态激活和失活实验发现,5-HT对稳态激活曲线无显著影响,而影响稳态失活曲线,使半失活电压从-39.5mV±1.8mV升高至-27.8mV±1.7mV(P<0.05),而不改变钙通道电压依赖性(斜率因子k无显著变化).结论:5-HT通过改变L-型钙通道稳态失活特征而显著增加I_(Ca),此作用在肥厚心肌细胞更显著,提示在肥厚心肌5-HT更易于诱导心律失常发生.     

用β-escin穿孔膜片箝技术记录豚鼠心室肌细胞L-型钙电流

目的:用β-escin在豚鼠心室肌细胞建立穿孔膜片箝技术(PPR),并记录L-型钙电流(I_(Ca,L)),与传统的全细胞记录(WCR)模式相比较。方法:用酶消化法分离单个心室肌细胞,将β-escin配在电极内液中穿孔心室肌细胞膜形成PPR模式,用WCR及PPR技术记录心室肌细胞I_(Ca,L),结果:β-escin 20,25,30μmol/L可在心室肌细胞膜穿孔形成PPR模式,用β-escin 25μmol/L成功率最高(16/17,94％),用PPR模式记录的I_(Ca,L)其衰减明显比WCR方式记录的慢,I_(Ca,L)幅值在WCR形成后20min减小36％,而在PPR形成后30min仅缓慢减小8％,在两种模式下,I_(Ca,L)的I-V曲线,激活和失活曲线无显著差异,在PPR模式下,I_(Ca,L)的失活速率比在WCR模式下慢,在-20mV-+10mV电压下,其快失活相时间常数(τ_f)比WCR长(n=6,P<0.05),在-10mV-+10mV电压下,其慢失活相时间常数(τ_s)也比WCR长(n=6,P<0.05),在两种方式下,I_(Ca,L)的激活速率无显著差异。结论:用β-escin25μmol/L在豚鼠心室肌细胞能得到较稳定的PPR模式,此方法可以用于在普通的WCR模式下衰减较明显的电流如L-型钙电流的记录。     

双苯氟嗪对豚鼠心室肌细胞膜钠电流的影响(英文)

目的观察双苯氟嗪对豚鼠心室肌细胞膜钠电流的影响。方法用酶解方法分离豚鼠心室肌细胞,全细胞膜片钳技术记录钠电流。结果将细胞钳制在-80mV,给(-80～+50)mV,50ms和步阶10mV的去极化脉冲,记录到的电流被河豚毒素10μmol·L-1完全抑制。在该刺激条件下,该电流最大激活电压在-20mV左右,翻转电压在+30mV左右,提示该电流为钠电流。双苯氟嗪可以浓度依赖性地抑制钠电流。双苯氟嗪对钠电流的抑制作用在冲洗后可部分恢复,表明其对钠通道的抑制作用具有可逆性。双苯氟嗪可使钠电流I-V曲线上移,但对钠电流的电压依赖性特征、最大激活电压和翻转电压无明显影响。在双苯氟嗪40μmol·L-1存在下,最大激活电压下的峰值电流下降约46%;双苯氟嗪可明显使钠电流稳态失活曲线左移,但不影响曲线的斜率因子。双苯氟嗪40μmol·L-1可使钠电流半数失活电压从(-73.0±4.6)mV减少到(-82.8±7.2)mV。但双苯氟嗪对钠电流稳态激活无明显影响,在双苯氟嗪40μmol·L-1存在下,半数激活电压(-33.7±3.6)mV和斜率因子(5.6±2.4)mV与对照组激活电压(-34.9±5.1)mV和斜率因子(6.0±4.8)mV相比无显著性差异。双苯氟嗪可以使钠电流从失活状态下恢复明显减慢,双苯氟嗪40μmo·lL-1可使恢复时间常数延长(79±28)vs(36±11)ms。结论双苯氟嗪可以浓度依赖性、使用依赖性和频率依赖性地抑制心肌钠电流,并且主要作用于钠电流的失活状态。     

DDPH对豚鼠心室肌细胞延迟整流钾电流两种成分的抑制作用

目的:研究1-(2,6-二甲基苯氧基)-2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯乙氨基)丙烷盐酸盐(DDPH)对豚鼠心室肌细胞快激活(I_(Kr))和慢激活(I_(Ks))延迟整流钾电流的作用.方法:全细胞膜片箝技术.结果:DDPH 0.1-100μmol/L浓度依赖性抑制I_(Kr),I_Kr-tail[IC_(50)(μmol/L)为6.1,95％可信限为(2.8—13.5)].DDPH同时浓度依赖性抑制 I_(Ks),I_(Ks-tail[IC_(50)(μmol/L)为12.5,95％可信限为(4.8-32.2)].DDPH(10 μmol/L)不影响I_(Kr)和I_(Ks)的电压依赖性激活过程,给药前I_(Kr)的半激活电压(V_(1/2),mV)和斜率因子(k,mV)分别为(-21.7±0.8)和(5.9±0.8),给药后分别为(-23.5±2.4)和(8.1±2.2),无统计学意义(P>0.05).用药前后I_(Ks)的半激活电压和斜率因子的差异亦无统计学意义(P>0.05),用药前分别为(27.0±0.8)和(14.9± 0.9),用药后分别为(27.1±0.7)和(16.6±0.8).DDPH(<10μmol/L)可抑制 I_(Kr)和 I_(Ks)的去激活过程,并且加快I_(Kr)的失活.结论:DDPH抑制I_(Kr)和I_(Ks)无选择性.且主要作用于其去激活过程,而非激活过程.DDPH进一步通过加速其失活过程抑制I_(Kr).     

白藜芦醇对豚鼠心室肌细胞L型钙通道的影响

目的研究白藜芦醇(resveratrol,RES)对豚鼠心室肌细胞L型钙通道的影响。方法酶解法分离单个豚鼠心室肌细胞,采用全细胞膜片钳技术记录白藜芦醇对豚鼠单个心室细胞L型钙通道电流(ICa-L)的影响。结果不同浓度的RES明显抑制ICa-L,1、10、100μmol.L-1L的RES使其峰电流密度从(12.96±1.48)pA/pF减少到(11.36±1.59)、(9.96±1.51)和(7.77±0.68)pA/pF(n=6,P<0.01),冲洗后可恢复至(11.85±0.83)pA/pF。RES可使ICa-L的I-U关系曲线上移,其形状和峰值电压保持不变;RES还可使通道的激活曲线右移,但失活曲线和失活恢复时间无改变。结论白藜芦醇通过延长L型钙通道激活过程而明显抑制ICa-L,减少细胞外的钙离子内流,延长有效不应期,从而发挥抗心律失常作用。     

Effect of resveratrol on L-type calcium current in rat ventricular myocytes

AIM: To study the effect of resveratrol on L-type calcium current (I(Ca-L)) in isolated rat ventricular myocytes and the mechanisms underlying these effects. METHODS: I(Ca-L) was examined in isolated single rat ventricular myocytes by using the whole cell patch-clamp recording technique. RESULTS: Resveratrol (10-40 micromol/L) reduced the peak amplitude of I(Ca-L) and shifted the current-voltage (I-V) curve upwards in a concentration-dependent manner. Resveratrol (10, 20, 40 micromol/L) decreased the peak amplitude of I(Ca-L) from -14.2+/-1.5 pA/pF to -10.5+/-1.5 pA/pF (P<0.05), -7.5+/-2.4 pA/pF (P<0.01), and -5.2+/-1.2 pA/pF (P<0.01), respectively. Resveratrol (40 micromol/L) shifted the steady-state activation curve of I(Ca-L) to the right and changed the half-activation potential (V0.5) from -19.4+/-0.4 mV to -15.4+/-1.9 mV (P<0.05). Resveratrol at a concentration of 40 micromol/L did not affect the steady-state inactivation curve of I(Ca-L), but did markedly shift the time-dependent recovery curve of I(Ca-L) to the right, and slow down the recovery of I(Ca-L) from inactivation. Sodium orthovanadate (Na(3)VO(4); 1 mmol/L), a potent inhibitor of tyrosine phosphatase, significantly inhibited the effects of resveratrol (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Resveratrol inhibited I(Ca-L) mainly by inhibiting the activation of L-type calcium channels and slowing down the recovery of L-type calcium channels from inactivation. This inhibitory effect of resveratrol was mediated by the inhibition of protein tyrosine kinase in rat ventricular myocytes.     

Effects of (S)-amlodipine and (R)-amlodipine on L-type calcium channel current of rat ventricular myocytes and cytosolic calcium of aortic smooth muscle cells

OBJECTIVE: Amlodipine (Aml) has R- and S-isomers with different pharmacological effects. However, no data are available on the influence of (S)-Aml and (R)-Aml on L-type calcium channel current (I(Ca-L)) or cytosolic calcium (Ca2+). This study is to investigate effects on I(Ca-L) and cytosolic Ca2+. METHODS: I(Ca-L), peak currents, I-V curves, steady state activation curves, steady state inactivation curves and recovery curves from inactivation with (S)-Aml and (R)-Aml were recorded by whole-cell patch clamp configuration. Cytosolic Ca2+ of smooth muscle cells was assayed by Fura-2/AM. RESULTS: At the concentrations of 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, and 10 micromol/L, 1.5 +/- 0.2%, 25.4 +/- 5.3%, 65.2 +/- 7.3%, 78.4 +/- 8.1%, and 94.2 +/- 5.0% of I(Ca-L) were blocked by (S)-Aml. I-V curves were shifted upward. Half-activation voltages were -16.01 +/- 1.65 mV, -17.61 +/- 1.60 mV, -20.17 +/- 1.46 mV, -21.87 +/- 1.69 mV and -24.09 +/- 1.87 mV (P < 0.05). Half-inactivation voltages were -27.16 +/- 4.48 mV, -28.69 +/- 4.52 mV, -31.19 +/- 4.17 mV, -32.63 +/- 4.34 mV and -35.16 +/- 4.46 mV (P < 0.05). Recovery time were prolonged gradually (P < 0.05). 10.3 +/- 1.2%, 35.2 +/- 3.5%, 60.1 +/- 5.0%, 78.9 +/- 6.1%, and 91.2 +/- 7.6% of cytosolic Ca2+ were reduced at different concentrations (P < 0.05). However, (R)-Aml at different concentrations had no effect on I(Ca-L) and cytosolic Ca2+ (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Only (S)-Aml has calcium channel blockade activity, while (R)-Aml has none of the pharmacologic actions associated with CCBs.     

双苯氟嗪对哇巴因诱发豚鼠乳头肌迟后除极和触发活动的影响

目的:研究双苯氟嗪(DiP)对哇巴因和高钙诱发豚鼠乳头肌迟后除极(DADs)和触发活动(TA)的影响.方法:应用哇巴因(1 μmol/L)和高钙(5.4 mmol/L)诱发稳定且可重复的迟后除极和触发活动.用细胞内玻璃微电极技术记录DADs和TA诸参数.结果:(1)预先应用DiP(10,30 μmol/L)对DADs和TA有明显的抑制作用.在DiP(30 μmol/L)作用下,DADs的幅度由(10.5±2.2)降到(3.6±0.3)mV,DADs时程由(230±19)缩短到(152±14)ms,引起DADs的时间从(21±5)延长至(66±11)min,TA未见发生.(2)诱发DADs后再给予Dip(10,30μmol/L),DADs和TA被明显抑制.在Dip(30μmol/L)作用下,DADS的幅度由(10.4±1.2)降至(3.3±0.6)mV,DADs的时程由(218±22)缩短至(159±26)ms,TA未见发生.结论:Dip对哇巴因和高钙诱发的豚鼠乳头肌迟后除极和触发活动有抑制作用,这可能与其抑制L-型钙通道和/或肌浆网钙释放从而减轻细胞内钙超载有关,并由此产生抗心律失常作用.     

环维黄杨星D对分离大鼠心室肌细胞内Ca2+和L型钙电流的影响

目的研究环维黄杨星D（CD）对大鼠心室肌细胞内Ca²⁺动员和L型钙电流(I_{Ca-L/sub>)的影响。方法采用全细胞膜片钳和激光扫描共聚焦显微术研究CD对心肌细胞ICa-L/sub>以及氯化钾、咖啡因诱发心肌细胞内Ca²⁺动员的影响。结果CD浓度依赖性抑制ICa-L/sub>。指令电压为10 mV时，1和10 μmol·L^-1 CD分别使ICa-L/sub>电流密度从（-9.9±1.8）pA/pF降至（-6.4±1.4）pA/pF和（-4.2±0.6）pA/pF。共聚焦实验显示1和10 μmol·L^-1 CD不影响静息心肌细胞［Ca²⁺］i?/sub>，对氯化钾诱发［Ca²⁺］i?/sub>升高水平无明显抑制作用；咖啡因引起的细胞内Ca²⁺动员可被CD进一步增强。结论CD浓度依赖性抑制大鼠心室肌细胞ICa-L/sub>，并有促进咖啡因诱发心肌细胞内Ca²⁺释放的作用。}     

肿瘤坏死因子α对大鼠心室肌细胞钙转运的影响

AIM: To study the effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) on calcium movement in rat ventricular myocytes. METHODS: Intracellular free Ca2+ concentration was measured with calcium fluorescent probe Fluo-3/AM and laser confocal microscope. L-type calcium current (ICa,L) was recorded with the whole-cell configuration of the patch-clamp techniques. RESULTS: At 2, 20 and 200 microg/L, TNF-alpha was found to increase intracellular free Ca2+ concentration in a dose-dependent manner illustrated by the increment of calcium fluorescence density with laser confocal microscope. Nicardipine 0.5 micromol/L slightly attenuated TNF-alpha-induced response. When the cardiac myocytes were exposed to caffeine (100 mmol/L) for 30 min, TNF-alpha failed to induce any change of intracellular free calcium. However, it was found that TNF-alpha inhibited I(Ca,L) in whole-cell patch-clamp experiments. At 2, 20, and 200 microg/L, TNF-alpha decreased peak I(Ca,L) by 3.9 % (-5.1 pA/pF+/-0.3 pA/pF vs -4.9 pA/pF+/-0.2 pA/pF, n=9, P>0.05), 15.7 % (-5.1 pA/pF+/-0.3 pA/pF vs -4.3 pA/pF+/-0.3 pA/pF, n=9, P<0.05) and 19.6 % (-5.1 pA/pF+/-0.3 pA/pF vs -4.1 pA/pF+/-0.4 pA/pF, n=9, P<0.01), respectively. It shifted the steady-state inactivation curve of I(Ca,L) to the left (V1/2 shifted from -28.7 mV+/-0.3 mV to -37.8 mV+/-1.4 mV, n=7, P<0.05), while it took no effects on steady-state activation and recovery from inactivation. CONCLUSION: TNF-alpha inhibited I(Ca,L) in rat ventricular myocytes, while increasing the intercellular free Ca2+ level due to the release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores.     

Biphasic effects of haloperidol on sodium currents in guinea pig ventricular myocytes

Aim： To study the effects of haloperidol on sodium currents （INa） in guinea pig ventricular myocytes. Method： Whole-cell patch clamp technique was employed to evaluate the effects of haloperidol on INa in individual ventricular myocytes. Results： Haloperidol （0.1-3 wnol/L） inhibited INa in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 of 0.253±0.015 larnol/L. The inhibition rate of haloperidol （0.3 μmol/L） on INa was 22.14%±0.02%, and the maximum conductance was reduced. Haloperidol significantly reduced the midpoints for the activation and inactivation of INa by 2.09 and 4.09 mV, respectively. The time constant of recovery was increased. The increase in time intervals could only recover by 90.14%±1.4% （n=6）; however, haloperidol at 0.03 μmol/L enhanced INa conductance. The midpoints for the activation and inactivation Of INa were shifted by 1.38 and 5.69 mV, respectively, at this concentration of haloperidol. Conclusion： Haloperidol displayed a biphasic effect on INa in guinea pig cardiac myocytes. High concentrations of haloperidol inhibited INa, while lower concentrations of haloperidol shifted the activation and inactivation curve to the left. Full recovery of recovery curve was not achieved after 0.3 μmol/L haloperidol administration, indicating that the drug affects the inactivated state of sodium channels.     

葛根素抑制大鼠心室肌细胞的钠电流

AIM: To study the effect of puerarin (Pue) on Na+ channel in rat ventricular myocytes. METHODS: Whole-cell patch-clamp technique was applied on isolated cardiomyocytes from rats. RESULTS: Pue inhibited cardiac INa in a positive rate-dependent and dose-dependent manner, with an IC(50) of 349 micromol/L. The kinetics of blockage of cardiac sodium channel by Pue resembled the ClassIa/Ic of antiarrhythmic agents. Pue 300 micromol/L did not alter the shape of the I-V curve of INa, but markedly shifted the steady-state inactivation curve of INa towards more negative potential by 15.9 mV, and postponed the recovery of INa inactivation state from (21.9+/-1.6) ms to (54.4+/-3.4) ms (P<0.01). It demonstrated that the steady state of inactivation was affected by Pue significantly. CONCLUSION: Pue protected ventricular myocytes against cardiac damage and arrhythmias by inhibiting recovery from inactivation of cardiac Na+ channels.