江门市新会区华支睾吸虫病流行现状调查与分析

目的 了解江门市新会区华支睾吸虫病的流行现状,确定华支睾吸虫病的高危人群,提供当地华支睾吸虫病感染因素的线索.方法 采用免疫酶联吸附法检测血清中华支睾吸虫特异性抗体;采用改良加藤氏法检测粪便虫卵;采用消化法检测淡水鱼中华支睾吸虫囊蚴;进行问卷调查华支睾吸虫感染相关的生活和行为方式;同时采用病例对照方法分析影响华支睾吸虫感染的相关流行因素.结果 共调查1 720人,华支睾吸虫平均感染率为18.14%,男性感染率高于女性(P<0.001).各年龄组均有感染,感染率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001).共调查常见淡水鱼6种共273尾,6种淡水鱼体内均查到华支睾吸虫囊蚴.病例对照研究显示,吃半熟鱼习惯及外出饮食等行为是最重要的危险因子.结论 新会区华支睾吸虫病流行范围广,感染率高,已经成为一个严重的公共卫生问题,应积极开展综合性防控工作.     

龙岩市市售食品中食源性寄生虫调查分析

目的 了解龙岩市食品中食源性寄生虫的感染情况。方法 在农贸市场购买淡水鱼虾、泥鳅、黄鳝、猪牛肉等,对动物组织采用直接压片法和消化法进行检查。结果 在淡水鱼虾等动物组织中发现华支睾吸虫、日本棘隙吸虫和福建棘隙吸虫等6种食源性寄生虫,其中泥鳅检出的寄生虫种类较多。结论 龙岩市农贸市场销售的食品中存在寄生虫感染,若生食或半生食这些食品,有感染寄生虫病的风险,应加强食品卫生宣传教育。     

广州大学城及周边淡水鱼华支睾吸虫囊蚴感染调查

目的了解广州大学城及周边淡水鱼华支睾吸虫囊蚴的感染情况。方法 2019年10月,在广州大学城及周边自然村及集镇购买鱼塘养殖的大型淡水鱼以及附近珠江水域野生的淡水鱼。用直接压片法、胃蛋白酶消化法及PCR法检查淡水鱼华支睾吸虫囊蚴的感染情况。结果共检测9种淡水鱼364尾,华支睾吸虫囊蚴总感染率为8.24%(30/364),其中鲮鱼、鳊鱼、鲹鱼、麦穗鱼感染率较高,分别为18.18%、16.67%、23.53%、20.00%,罗非鱼、鲢鱼、鳙鱼、鲩鱼感染率较低,分别为2.67%、4.55%、5.45%、0.00%;不同鱼种的感染率差异有统计学意义(X~2=27.458,P=0.001)。鱼塘养殖的淡水鱼华支睾吸虫囊蚴感染率较低,感染率为3.32%(8/241),广州大学城附近珠江水域捕捉的野生淡水鱼感染率较高,感染率为17.89%(22/123),不同来源的淡水鱼感染率差异有统计学意义(X~2=2.634,P=0.034)。结论广州大学城及周边市售及当地水源野生淡水鱼存在不同程度的华支睾吸虫感染,应加强学生及当地居民华支睾吸虫相关卫生知识的普及,从而有效防控华支睾吸虫病的流行。     

肇庆市人群华支睾吸虫感染调查

目的了解肇庆市人群华支睾吸虫感染现状,为今后的防治工作提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样法进行人群抽样,用改良加藤氏法粪检华支睾吸虫虫卵。结果全市共调查10386人,发现华支睾吸虫感染498人,感染率为4.79%。其中男性感染率为6.01%,女性感染率为3.51%;以50～59岁年龄组人群感染率最高;重点人群感染率远高于一般人群;高要市是全市感染最严重的地区,其感染率为19.53%,其次是鼎湖区,感染率为11.65%。结论肇庆市山区县属华支睾吸虫病低流行区,而淡水鱼养殖区的高要市及鼎湖区属华支睾吸虫高、中流行区,是我市华支睾吸虫防控的重点所在。建议加强政府领导,全社会共同参与,采取以行为干预及对重点地区、重点人群进行查治为主的综合防制措施,以降低人群华支睾吸虫感染率,控制华支睾吸虫病的流行。     

2006年潼南县华支睾吸虫病监测结果分析

目的了解重庆市华支睾吸虫病流行趋势,为制定防治方案提供依据。方法采集监测村5岁以上的常住人群粪便标本300份,采用水洗沉淀＋醛醚法检查标本中的华支睾吸虫卵。感染因素调查,华支睾吸虫感染者与未感染者按1∶4匹配调查。采集调查村常见鱼种,每条鱼取其鳍、腮、尾等部位肌肉压片镜检囊蚴。健康教育前后问卷调查,了解健康教育效果。结果共调查367人,检出华支睾吸虫卵感染者12人,感染率为3.27%;性别间感染率差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,感染者均为农民,年龄最小32岁,最大73岁。感染组12人,对照组48人,对吃生鱼半生鱼、吃火烧鱼、用人畜粪便喂鱼等因素分析发现,各因素感染组和对照组差异无统计学意义。共检测4种淡水鱼131尾,检出华支睾吸虫囊蚴12尾,阳性率为9.16%。其中仅麦穗鱼和半餐（白参）检出华支睾吸虫囊蚴,麦穗鱼囊蚴检出率高达25.00%,显著高于半餐（P〈0.05）。健康教育前学生和村民分别调查69人和50人,知晓率分别为26.09%和44.61%,健康教育后学生和村民调查69人和58人,知晓率分别为84.06%和98.28%,健康教育后两类人群知晓率均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论我市华支睾吸虫病经过多年的大力防治,取得了显著成绩,但流行区范围并没有缩小,人群感染率仍较高,仍需继续开展防治和监测工作。     

淡水鱼华支睾吸虫囊蚴实验检测及感染状况

目的:了解顺德区淡水鱼华支睾吸虫感染状况,为该病的预防和治疗提供科学的依据。方法:取6种常见的淡水鱼593条,选用压片法和消化法检测华支睾吸虫囊蚴感染情况分析。结果:检测出华支睾吸虫囊蚴有4种鱼,其中鲫鱼检出率最高,为17%,其余依次:鳙鱼为13.6%、鲩鱼为8.2%、鲮鱼3.4%,平均为10.5%,罗非鱼、武昌鱼等鱼类没有检测出。结论:部分淡水鱼存在华支睾吸虫囊蚴感染,对华支睾吸虫防治应该予以高度的重视。     

东莞市淡水鱼华支睾吸虫感染情况调查

目的了解目前东莞地区淡水鱼华支睾吸虫囊蚴感染情况。方法在渔场和鱼塘采集鲩鱼110条和非洲鲫鱼217条,采用消化法检查淡水鱼肉中的华支睾吸虫囊蚴。结果鲩鱼华支睾吸虫囊蚴感染率约为82．72％,非洲鲫鱼未检出囊蚴。结论东莞地区鲩鱼中存在华支睾吸虫囊蚴感染,且感染率较高。     

肇庆地区淡水鱼感染华支睾吸虫囊蚴情况调查

目的了解目前肇庆地区常见食用淡水鱼感染华支睾吸虫囊蚴的情况。方法从肇庆所辖的四会市和端州区两地采集鲩鱼和鳙鱼样本,用胃蛋白酶消化法检查鱼肉中的华支睾吸虫囊蚴。结果共检查鲩鱼328尾,其华支睾吸虫的平均感染率约为48.78%,阳性鱼平均感染度约为4.66。共检查鳙鱼331尾,其华支睾吸虫的平均感染率约为37.46%,阳性鱼平均感染度约为2.94。结论肇庆地区的淡水鱼中存在一定程度的华支睾吸虫感染,其中鲩鱼的感染情况较鳙鱼严重。     

深圳市福田区华支睾吸虫病流行现状调查

目的了解福田区华支睾吸虫感染现状和流行特征。方法用血清免疫学筛查,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)方法查抗体,同时进行问卷调查与华支睾吸虫感染相关的生活和行为方式。结果全区共调查2176人,华支睾吸虫感染率为2.30%,男性为3.02%,女性为1.73%,差异有统计学意义。人群中不同年龄组表现了不同的感染率,最高感染率的年龄组主要分布在30～49岁。73%的被调查者吃过淡水鱼生,55%的家庭刀具、砧板没有生熟分开。结论福田区华支睾吸虫感染率较高,吃淡水鱼生、生熟混用刀具是感染的主要原因,应加强宣传教育,改变人们不良饮食习惯。     

广州花都地区华支睾吸虫病流行现状及防治对策

[目的]了解广州市花都区华支睾吸虫病的人群感染现状及流行特征,研究当地华支睾吸虫病的感染因素,为当地华支睾吸虫病的防治工作提供科学依据.[方法] 2011年8月～10月对花都区各乡镇常住居民进行华支睾吸虫病流行病学调查.采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清中华支睾吸虫特异性抗体;改良加藤厚涂片法检测粪便虫卵;同时通过问卷调查了解与华支睾吸虫感染相关的内容.[结果]共调查1 800人,粪检检获华支睾吸虫卵者705人,平均感染率为39.17％,平均每克粪便虫卵数(EPG)为367.男性感染率为43.06％,女性感染率34.51％,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).各年龄组均有感染,成年人感染率较高,各年龄组华支睾吸虫的感染率差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).不同职业人群华支睾吸虫感染存在显著差异,以渔民、饮食服务人员和商人感染率最高.问卷调查结果显示,69.2％的被调查者吃过淡水鱼生,48.5％的家庭生熟食物所使用的刀具、砧板没有分开,80％以上的居民对华支睾吸虫病防治知识知之甚少.[结论]广州市花都区仍然是华支睾吸虫重点流行区之一,居民的不良饮食及生活习惯是华支睾吸虫流行的重要因素,应加强宣传教育,积极开展综合性防控工作.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.