术中磁共振影像神经导航治疗脑胶质瘤的临床初步应用(附61例分析)

目的总结术中磁共振影像(iMRI)神经导航手术治疗脑胶质瘤的初步经验。方法2006年3月～2006年12月,61例脑胶质瘤病人接受iMRI神经导航手术。结果手术总耗时2.5～8.5 h,平均(5.2±1.5)h。图像质量良好49例(80.3%),一般7例(11.5%),差5例(8.2%)。56例图像质量优良的病人中,iMRI扫描次数2～5次,平均(2.6±0.8)次;其中2次32例,3次16例,4次5例,5次3例;24例(42.9%)经iMRI发现肿瘤切除范围未达术前计划,仍需进一步切除。无iMRI相关不良事件发生。结论iMRI神经导航手术治疗脑胶质瘤安全、有效,可实时纠正术中脑移位误差,精确定位脑胶质瘤的影像学边界,定量评估手术切除范围,有效提高肿瘤切除率。     

多模态功能神经导航辅助下的术中磁共振在脑功能区胶质瘤手术中的应用

目的探讨多模态功能神经导航辅助下的术中磁共振技术在脑功能区胶质瘤手术中的优势。方法回顾性分析我科收治的186例涉及脑功能区的胶质瘤患者,分为术中磁共振功能神经导航组(A组,简称核磁组)103例和功能神经导航组(B组,简称导航组)83例,选取手术全切率、术后并发症发生率、术后随访结果进行比较。结果核磁组病例手术全切率达90.3%,导航组为55.4%;术后早期并发症发生率核磁组为5.8%,导航组为15.7%;术后随访3～40个月,患者1年生存率核磁组为90.2%,导航组为83.3%。结论术中磁共振技术和功能神经导航技术均为提高胶质瘤全切率的有效技术手段。     

3.0T 术中磁共振实时影像功能导航联合术中神经电生理监测技术在岛叶胶质瘤手术中的应用

目的评价3.0 T术中磁共振成像(intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging,iMRI)联合弥散张量成像(diffusion tensor imaging,DTI)锥体束示踪导航及术中神经电生理监测(intraoperative neurophysiologicalmonitoring,IONM)技术在各种累及岛叶的胶质瘤切除手术中的应用价值。方法 2010年9月至2011年6月以3.0 T iMRI数字一体化神经外科手术中心为平台,在iMRI功能导航结合IONM下对18例累及岛叶的胶质瘤实施切除手术。其中对10例主侧半球肿瘤采用唤醒麻醉下术中直接皮质电刺激进行语言区定位。对所有18例岛叶胶质瘤,术中均采用DTI导航结合术中连续经皮质刺激运动诱发电位和皮质下电刺激进行锥体束定位。结果通过iMRI实时扫描,18例患者中有13例发现肿瘤残留,其中6例在iMRI实时影像导航下获得了进一步切除,使肿瘤的影像学全切除率从5/18提高至9/18。经Fisher检验,iMRI前、后的肿瘤切除率(包括全切除及次全切除)具有统计学意义(P=0.046)。9例因DTI导航或IONM提示切缘临近功能皮质或深部锥体束,而未强求全切除。10例主侧半球肿瘤患者中,术后近期(1周内)出现一过性语言功能障碍5例,随访至术后1个月,语言功能均恢复到术前水平或以上;18例患者中3例术后近期出现肢体运动功能障碍,随访至术后1个月,其中2例完全恢复。总体术后1个月的神经功能障碍仅1例。无iMRI及IONM相关的并发症发生。结论应用3.0 T iMRI术中实时影像导航联合DTI锥体束示踪成像技术及IONM技术有助于最大程度地安全切除岛叶胶质瘤。     

术中磁共振联合神经导航在丘脑胶质瘤手术中的应用

目的探讨术中磁共振(iMRI)联合神经导航在丘脑胶质瘤的应用价值。方法回顾性分析2014-01—2017-02应用3.0T术中磁共振联合神经导航的28例丘脑胶质瘤手术患者的临床资料,评估术后肿瘤切除程度及术后功能状态。结果 28例患者第一次iMRI扫描17例仍有病变残留,进行扩大切除9例达到完整切除,全切率从39.3%提高到71.4%,8例肿瘤边缘累及运动功能皮质或皮质脊髓束无法行完整切除。术后6个月28例丘脑胶质瘤患者神经功能改善者20例,无变化6例,下降2例。结论术中磁共振联合神经导航有助于提高丘脑胶质瘤手术精准性和安全性,提高肿瘤切除程度,最小限度减少脑功能损伤,为术后手术效果提供帮助。     

术中磁共振联合功能神经导航在中央区胶质瘤手术的应用

目的探索术中磁共振联合功能神经导航在中央区胶质瘤手术中的应用价值。方法回顾性研究22例中央区胶质瘤病例,患者均接受1.5T高场强术中磁共振联合功能神经导航下显微手术。评价肿瘤切除程度及手术前后神经功能变化。结果 22例中6例肿瘤的切除程度发生误判。术中扫描使12例残余肿瘤得到进一步切除。术后三周,15例患者神经功能改善或同术前,7例神经功能下降,功能下降者KPS(Karnofsky Performance Scale,KPS)评分均大于60,生活能够自理。结论对于中央区胶质瘤患者,术中磁共振联合功能神经导航有助于提高肿瘤切除程度,保护神经功能。     

高场强术中磁共振对脑胶质瘤切除程度及手术策略的影响

目的 评价高场强术中磁共振(iMRI)对脑胶质瘤手术切除程度及手术策略的影响.方法 解放军总医院神经外科自2009年10月至2010年6月将高场强iMRI系统应用于胶质瘤切除术患者106例,术前了解术者的切除意图(全切、次全切、大部切除),术前1 d患者常规行MRI扫描,应用影像数据和软件计算术前肿瘤体积,术中常规使用神经导航手术,依据术者的需求采集影像.必要时行iMRI扫描计算术中残余肿瘤体积和肿瘤体积切除百分比,分析使用iMRI对肿瘤切除程度、手术策略的影响.结果 术前计划全切48例,次全切41例,大部切除17例.术中第一次扫描示42例(39.6%)完全切除,64例(60.4%)仍有残留,其中25例由于肿瘤与重要功能区或重要传导束紧邻而未作进一步切除,其余39例(36.8%)改进手术策略,标记出残留肿瘤后进一步手术,25例(23.6%)胶质瘤最终全切除,肿瘤体积切除百分比由(76.5±20.5)%提高到(94.2±8.7)%,差异有统计学意义(U=2.000,P=0.000);最终实际全切67例,次全切25例,大部切除14例,全切率有所提高.106例患者平均肿瘤体积切除百分比由第一次扫描时的(86.3±20.2)%提高到最终扫描时的(93.6±12.4)%,差异有统计学意义(U=4.000,p=0.000).结论 高场强iMRI的应用可显著提高脑胶质瘤的切除程度,改进手术策略.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the impact of high-field intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) on extension of resection and surgical strategy modification for glioma surgery. Methods One hundred and six patients, admitted to our hospital from October 2009 to June 2010, were performed glioma resections with the help of high-field iMRI. Questionnaires were filled and collected prospectively to record the surgeons' intention on the extent of resection (EoR) and the intra-operative estimation of EoR before every iMRI scan. The scan imagings were collected based on the request of the surgeon, and the percentage of tumor removal was calculated according to the iMRI data. The impact of iMRI on the tumor EoR and modification of surgical strategy was then evaluated. Results Preoperatively, 48 patients were intended to achieve total tumor removal, 41 sub-total tumor removal, and 17 partial removal. The first intraoperative MRI scan revealed that 42 (39.6%) patients achieved complete resection, while residual tumors were depicted in 64 (60.4%).Further tumor resections were performed in 39 patients (36.8%), but the other 25 patients could not perform further resection for their tumors were closely neighbored to the important functional region or important tracts. Finally, in the whole cohort, the percentage of tumor resection volume was increased from (76.5±20.5)% to (94.2±8.7)%, with significant differences (U=2.000, P=0.000); 67 patients got complete removal, 25 sub-total removal and 14 partial removal; The total removal rate was significantly increased from 45.3% (48/106) to 63.2% (67/106): the average percentage of tumor resection volume in the second time of scan ([93.6±12.41%) was obviously increased as compared with that in the first scan ([86.3±20.21%, U=4.000, P=0.000). Conclusion High-field iMRI may increase the extent of glioma resection, and has significant impact on the intraoperative modification of the surgical strategy.     

高场强术中磁共振对脑胶质瘤切除程度及手术策略的影响

Objective To evaluate the impact of high-field intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) on extension of resection and surgical strategy modification for glioma surgery. Methods One hundred and six patients, admitted to our hospital from October 2009 to June 2010, were performed glioma resections with the help of high-field iMRI. Questionnaires were filled and collected prospectively to record the surgeons' intention on the extent of resection (EoR) and the intra-operative estimation of EoR before every iMRI scan. The scan imagings were collected based on the request of the surgeon, and the percentage of tumor removal was calculated according to the iMRI data. The impact of iMRI on the tumor EoR and modification of surgical strategy was then evaluated. Results Preoperatively, 48 patients were intended to achieve total tumor removal, 41 sub-total tumor removal, and 17 partial removal. The first intraoperative MRI scan revealed that 42 (39.6%) patients achieved complete resection, while residual tumors were depicted in 64 (60.4%).Further tumor resections were performed in 39 patients (36.8%), but the other 25 patients could not perform further resection for their tumors were closely neighbored to the important functional region or important tracts. Finally, in the whole cohort, the percentage of tumor resection volume was increased from (76.5±20.5)% to (94.2±8.7)%, with significant differences (U=2.000, P=0.000); 67 patients got complete removal, 25 sub-total removal and 14 partial removal; The total removal rate was significantly increased from 45.3% (48/106) to 63.2% (67/106): the average percentage of tumor resection volume in the second time of scan ([93.6±12.41%) was obviously increased as compared with that in the first scan ([86.3±20.21%, U=4.000, P=0.000). Conclusion High-field iMRI may increase the extent of glioma resection, and has significant impact on the intraoperative modification of the surgical strategy.     

高场强术中磁共振对脑胶质瘤切除程度及手术策略的影响

Objective To evaluate the impact of high-field intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) on extension of resection and surgical strategy modification for glioma surgery. Methods One hundred and six patients, admitted to our hospital from October 2009 to June 2010, were performed glioma resections with the help of high-field iMRI. Questionnaires were filled and collected prospectively to record the surgeons' intention on the extent of resection (EoR) and the intra-operative estimation of EoR before every iMRI scan. The scan imagings were collected based on the request of the surgeon, and the percentage of tumor removal was calculated according to the iMRI data. The impact of iMRI on the tumor EoR and modification of surgical strategy was then evaluated. Results Preoperatively, 48 patients were intended to achieve total tumor removal, 41 sub-total tumor removal, and 17 partial removal. The first intraoperative MRI scan revealed that 42 (39.6%) patients achieved complete resection, while residual tumors were depicted in 64 (60.4%).Further tumor resections were performed in 39 patients (36.8%), but the other 25 patients could not perform further resection for their tumors were closely neighbored to the important functional region or important tracts. Finally, in the whole cohort, the percentage of tumor resection volume was increased from (76.5±20.5)% to (94.2±8.7)%, with significant differences (U=2.000, P=0.000); 67 patients got complete removal, 25 sub-total removal and 14 partial removal; The total removal rate was significantly increased from 45.3% (48/106) to 63.2% (67/106): the average percentage of tumor resection volume in the second time of scan ([93.6±12.41%) was obviously increased as compared with that in the first scan ([86.3±20.21%, U=4.000, P=0.000). Conclusion High-field iMRI may increase the extent of glioma resection, and has significant impact on the intraoperative modification of the surgical strategy.     

低场强术中磁共振环境下的神经电生理监测

目的 探讨低场强iMRI环境下神经电生理监测(IOM)的操作特点与临床初步体会.方法 分析9例功能区脑肿瘤10M及iMRI的联合应用情况.采集IOM基线,与iMRI环境下的波形比较;记录iMRI影像畸变及电刺激相关不良事件.术后早期复查MRI评估肿瘤切除隋况.结果 9例行IOM均获得稳定波形.1例前置放大器冈磁电效应损坏,未观察到热损伤或电极移动损伤.iMRI 7例局部信号缺失;3例发现肿瘤残余.术后随访MRI 7例全切,2例次全切除,与iMRI判断一致.结论 低场强iMRI环境下,IOM可获得稳定波形.二者联合应用,有助于病变安全切除.     

术中磁共振成像在脑胶质瘤手术中的应用

目的 探讨术中磁共振成像在脑胶质瘤手术治疗中的应用价值.方法 回顾性分析复旦大学附属华山医院神经外科2010年12月至2016年12月利用术中磁共振成像进行开颅手术的366例脑胶质瘤患者的临床资料.术后定期对所有患者行门诊随访,同时复查头颅MRI.采用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线描述脑胶质瘤患者的总生存期（OS）和无进展生存期（PFS）.进一步采用Logrank单因素和Cox多因素分析方法评价影响世界卫生组织（WHO）Ⅳ级脑胶质瘤患者预后的相关因素.结果 366例患者中,67.2％（246/366）达到肿瘤全切除.其中WHOⅣ级胶质瘤全切除率显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ级（分别为73.2％、58.5％、61.9％,均P＜0.05）,WHOⅡ、Ⅲ级患者肿瘤全切除率间的差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.所有患者中,90例（24.6％）在术中磁共振扫描后进行二次肿瘤切除,较首次的肿瘤切除程度显著提高（分别为95.9％、81.9％,P＜0.001）.统计学分析结果显示,WHOⅣ级女性脑胶质瘤患者的预后优于男性（P＜0.05）;高龄较低龄患者的复发风险更大,但是对于整体预后无明显影响（P＞0.05）;肿瘤位置对于患者预后影响不大（P＞0.05）;而肿瘤全切除是影响预后的独立危险因素,肿瘤全切除患者的预后优于非全切除者（P＜0.05）;术后放、化疗能够改善患者预后（P＜0.05）.结论 术中磁共振成像能显著提高脑胶质瘤的切除程度,并改善脑胶质瘤患者的预后.     

术中磁共振实时影像导航下穿刺活检术的临床初步应用

目的 探讨术中磁共振(iMRI)影像导航应用于穿刺活检术的临床初步经验、优势与不足.方法 在0.15T PoleStar N-20 iMRI实时影像引导下,对6例颅内占位性质不明患者进行穿刺活检术.结果 6例均获得组织病理学诊断,活检阳性率为100%;1例颅内多发占位患者术后并发左基底节活检区域局限性血肿.结论 iMRI影像导航能及时纠正术中脑移位,即只有当iMRI确定穿刺针已位于病灶内才进行活检,从而有利于提高活检阳性率,减少术后并发症.     

^11C—MetPET与MRI影像融合技术在胶质瘤术前评价和术中导航中的应用价值

研究背景随着多模态影像融合技术在临床的应用,^11C—MetPET与MRI融合技术也应用于临床,本研究通过比较胶质瘤在^11C-MetPET与MRI中不同影像显示结果,探讨^11C—MetPET与MRI影像融合技术在脑胶质瘤外科手术前评价、术中导航和手术切除过程中的应用价值。方法手术前于神经导航工作站对25例胶质瘤患者进行^11C—MetPET与MRI影像融合,勾画肿瘤边界、计算肿瘤体积并进行分类。结果据影像学分类,25例胶质瘤患者中1例Ⅱ级、6例Ⅲ级和8例Ⅳ级MRI所显示的肿瘤灶轮廓大部分位于PET内（I类）;2例Ⅲ级PET所显示的肿瘤灶轮廓大部分位于MRI内（Ⅱ类）;6例Ⅱ级和2例Ⅲ级MRI与PET显示的病灶轮廓无从属关系（Ⅲ类）。结论PET在揭示胶质瘤增殖活性和描述肿瘤界限方面具有特殊优势,通过MRI与PET所显示的肿瘤轮廓关系,可用于术前初步预测肿瘤病理分级,有助于制定详细的手术计划。     

低场强术中磁共振成像在经鼻蝶窦垂体大腺瘤显微手术中的应用

目的 探讨低场强术中磁共振成像(iMRI)在经鼻蝶窦垂体大腺瘤显微手术中的应用.方法 在82例垂体大腺瘤的经鼻蝶窦显微手术中,采用0.15T iMRI系统进行术中实时引导.以术后早期高场强MRI为标准对照,定量分析iMRI的成像准确性,并就低场强iMRI对肿瘤切除程度和治疗结果 的影响进行分析.结果 在iMRI的辅助下,82例垂体大腺瘤的全切率从61.0%提高到81.7%.低场强iMRI的成像准确率达86.6%,但对于侵犯鞍旁结构的肿瘤的成像准确率明显低于其他类型垂体大腺瘤的成像准确率(53.3%vs 94.0%,P<0.001).结论 iMRI导航技术的应用,'为经蝶窦垂体大腺瘤手术进程的动态引导及手术结果 的实时判断提供了客观的依据,提高了肿瘤的全切率及手术的精确性与安全性.     

术中超声神经导航技术在颅脑手术中的应用

传统神经外科手术中,术者依据术前影像学信息(CT、MRI、和DSA等)设计开颅,术中则依据局部脑组织的颜色异常、形状异常(隆起或凹陷)和质地变化等来确定病变的位置和范围,难以精准定位和全切除肿瘤,并容易损伤脑功能区(中央区、丘脑等),导致术后并发症(偏瘫、失语等)较多.近些年,国内外将术中超声引入神经外科手术治疗中,并结合神经导航,部位涉及幕上和幕下肿瘤.特别探讨了在深部或功能区病变的应用价值,取得了理想的治疗效果[1-6].本文就近些年相关技术在颅脑手术中的应用作一综述.一、术中超声的应用众所周知,神经导航因便于术前定位和设计开颅切口,已经广泛应用于神经外科手术.但是,术中脑脊液丢失等导致了脑移位,术前导航影像(CT或MRI)无法实时准确的定位肿瘤.引入术中超声、术中MRI或术中CT可以解决脑移位的问题.     

高场术中核磁共振联合神经导航在胶质瘤显微手术中的应用

目的：探讨高场术中核磁共振（M RI ）联合神经导航在胶质瘤显微手术中的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析2011年8月～2015年3月延安大学附属医院收治的胶质瘤患者80例,按照手术方式分为观察组与对照组。观察组42例患者在高场术中M RI联合神经导航下进行胶质瘤显微切除术,对照组38例患者行传统胶质瘤切除术。对两组患者围术期情况、治疗效果、术后并发症及生活质量评分进行比较。结果观察组患者的手术时间、下床活动时间、住院时间、术中出血量及术后引流量均少于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）。治疗后两组生活质量恢复情况的差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。观察组患者术后并发症发生率为16．67％,低于对照组的44．74％,差异有统计学意义（ P ＜0.05）。结论高场术中M RI联合神经导航下进行显微切除术治疗胶质瘤定位及切除准确,疗效好,安全性高,值得临床推广应用。     

高场强术中磁共振成像对脑胶质瘤全切率的影响及其评估

目的 探讨高场强术中磁共振成像(iMRI)对脑胶质瘤手术全切率的影响及其意义.方法 自2009年2月至6月应用高场强iMRI施行脑胶质瘤切除术40例.运用术中影像数据对胶质瘤体积及全切率做回顾性分析.结果 术中第1次行iMRI扫描仅10例胶质瘤完全切除,30例肿瘤仍有残留,23例行进一步切除,其中21例胶质瘤最终全切除.最终肿瘤的伞切率从25%提高到78%,残存肿瘤的体积也明显下降.结论 高场强iMRI的应用显著提高脑胶质瘤手术的全切率.