脑白质疏松轻度认知功能障碍静息态默认网络研究

目的通过静息态功能磁共振成像(rs-fMRI)技术对脑白质疏松(LA)轻度认知障碍(MCI)患者脑默认网络进行分析。方法LA 患者31 例,临床痴呆评分(CDR) 0.5;年龄、性别和受教育程度匹配的正常对照组27 人,CDR 为0。对入组人群进行rs-fMRI 数据采集。使用SPM5 软件进行分析处理,使用fMRI 工具盒对预处理后的数据进行独立成分分析(ICA),组间差异进行双样本t 检验。结果静息状态下,对照组默认网络包括扣带回后部/楔前叶,双侧额叶内侧,双侧颞中回,双侧顶下回、角回,双侧海马。MCI组默认网络激活区域同对照组一致;同对照组相比,MCI患者扣带回前部/左侧额叶内侧、右侧海马旁回/钩回、右侧颞下回、左侧额叶深部白质/尾状核头部激活减低,左侧尾状核/扣带回前部、左侧额叶、左侧颞上回/顶下回的激活升高。结论LA患者静息状态默认网络活动异常,可能与认知障碍的发生有关。     

静息态脑功能技术对平衡针治疗中枢机制的分析应用

背景：平衡针治疗疾病疗效显著,但缺乏相关现代科学理论机制。目的：利用静息态脑功能成像技术探讨平衡针疗法的中枢作用机制。方法：纳入10例腰椎间盘突出腰腿痛患者及10例正常受试者,于平衡针针刺前后进行功能磁共振扫描,通过AFNI软件对与双侧杏仁核表现为显著联系的脑区进行功能连接分析,并对平衡针刺后腰椎间盘突出患者及正常受试者的脑功能连接的差异进行探讨。结果与结论：经平衡针治疗后10例腰椎间盘突出患者疼痛均有好转。脑功能连接分析显示腰椎间盘突出患者丘脑、脑干、腹前核、腹外侧核、额内侧回、额上回、额叶眶上回、额下回、颞上回、颞中回、海马回、扣带回、岛叶等脑区功能连接增强。正常受试者双侧颞中回、双侧眶上回、双侧尾状核头、双侧岛叶、左侧腹背侧核、双侧额上回、左侧额中回、前扣带回、右侧顶下小叶与杏仁核连接增强;双侧小脑齿状核、小脑蚓、左侧小脑坡、双侧舌回、左侧枕中回、右侧额上回、右侧中央前回、双侧顶下小叶、右侧顶上小叶、右侧中央后回与杏仁核连接下降。提示通过静息脑功能成像技术对杏仁核的研究有助于更深入理解平衡针灸治疗腰腿痛的中枢机制。     

维吾尔语和汉语动词产生相关脑区的功能性磁共振成像研究

目的通过功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）观察母语为维吾尔语（简称维语）和汉语正常人执行动词产生任务时的脑激活区及其脑激活差异区,探讨语言理解和产生的神经机制,以及脑损伤后语言障碍及其康复机制。 方法以维语和汉语名词为基本实验材料,通过血氧水平依赖功能性磁共振成像（BOLD-fMRI）扫描31例维吾尔族（语组）和28例汉族（汉语组）正常志愿者执行动词产生任务时的脑激活区,采集fMRI数据,并进行组内及组间比较。 结果汉语组的主要脑激活区为左侧尾状核、左侧枕下回、左侧梭状回、双侧辅助运动区（BA8/6区）、左侧BA32区、左侧楔前叶、左侧顶上、下小叶（BA7区）、左侧角回、右侧中央前回（BA9区）、左侧三角部额下回、右侧岛盖部额下回和双侧小脑。维语组的主要脑激活区为左侧中央前回（BA9区）、左侧岛盖部额下回、左侧三角部额下回和左侧小脑。维语组和汉语组组间比较发现,汉语组在左侧尾状核体、左侧眶部额中回、右侧尾状核头和双侧扣带回前部（BA32区）有明显激活,与维语组比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;而维语组未见比汉语组更明显激活的脑区。 结论维语和汉语正常人动词产生激活脑区不完全相同;维语文字的加工处理主要集中在左侧大脑半球;汉字加工处理比维语文字加工处理需要更多右侧大脑半球的参与。     

遗忘型轻度认知障碍患者默认网络改变:基于后扣带回的脑连接研究

目的 探讨遗忘型轻度认知障碍(aMCI)患者后扣带回(PCC)功能连接的变化。 方法 选取性别、年龄和教育程度相匹配的18例aMCI患者(aMCI组)和20名健康老年人(健康老年组)进行GRE-EPI序列的静息状态fMRI检查,以PCC作为种子点,与全脑其他区域进行基于体素的时间序列相关分析。 结果 aMCI组与PCC有显著连接的脑区包括双侧背外侧前额叶(DLPFC)、左侧内侧前额叶(MPFC)及左侧前扣带回(ACC)、双侧顶下小叶(IPL)、双侧颞中回和双侧楔前叶。健康老年组与PCC有显著连接的脑区包括双侧DLPFC、右侧MPFC及ACC、双侧IPL、双侧颞中回、双侧颞下回和双侧楔前叶。健康老年组较aMCI组在右侧额上回、额中回、额下回的盖部及三角部、MPFC及ACC、颞中回及左侧楔前叶连接增强;aMCI组多个脑区功能连接较健康老年组增强,主要包括左侧半球的扣带回中部、顶上小叶(SPL)、IPL、颞中回及右侧IPL。 结论 PCC是aMCI患者脑代谢最先降低的区域,aMCI的PCC与多个功能区的连接破坏是其情节记忆功能减退的生物学基础,而其连接增强提示功能代偿可能。     

抑郁症及抑郁高血压共病患者脑部基于体素的磁共振扩散峰度成像研究

目的 探讨磁共振扩散峰度成像(DKI)在评价抑郁症及抑郁高血压共病患者脑部微观结构损害中的应用价值。方法 收集20例抑郁症患者(抑郁症组)、26例抑郁高血压共病患者(共病组)、26例高血压患者(高血压组)、23名健康志愿者(正常对照组),采用3.0T磁共振仪进行DKI扫描,使用DKE软件计算平均扩散峰度(MK)值;比较4组间MK值的差异;比较差异脑区平均MK值与17项汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD-17)评分的相关性。结果 相对于正常对照组,抑郁症组MK值减低的脑区包括右额中回、右梭状回、右前扣带回、左中扣带回、左后扣带回、右岛叶、右海马、右枕下回及左枕中回、双侧楔前叶、双侧壳核、两侧颞下回和颞中回(P<0.05),共病组MK值减低的脑区包括右额上回、右梭状回、右前扣带回、右中扣带回、左后扣带回、双侧海马、双侧海马旁回、左枕中下回、双侧楔前叶、右壳核、左舌回、双侧颞中回及颞下回及左侧丘脑(P<0.05),高血压组无MK减低区。相对于抑郁症组,共病组MK下降脑区为右额下回、右梭状回、右岛叶、右扣带前回(P<0.05)。右侧海马(r=0.421,P<0.001)及右侧额中回(r=0.400,P=0.001)的平均MK值与HAMD-17评分呈负相关。结论 抑郁症和抑郁共病患者存在广泛的额叶-皮层下-边缘系统脑白质微观结构损害和功能异常;高血压可能对抑郁症有协同作用。     

Incidental effects of emotional valence in single word processing: an fMRI study

The present study aimed at identifying the neural responses associated with the incidental processing of the emotional valence of single words using event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Twenty right-handed participants performed a visual lexical decision task, discriminating between nouns and orthographically and phonologically legal nonwords. Positive, neutral and negative word categories were matched for frequency, number and frequency of orthographic neighbors, number of letters and imageability. Response times and accuracy data differed significantly between positive and neutral, and positive and negative words respectively, thus, replicating the findings of a pilot study. Words showed distributed, mainly left hemisphere activations, indicating involvement of a neural network responsible for semantic word knowledge. The neuroimaging data further revealed areas in left orbitofrontal gyrus and bilateral inferior frontal gyrus with greater activation to emotional than to neutral words. These brain regions are known to be involved in processing semantic and emotional information. Furthermore, distinct activations associated with positive words were observed in bilateral middle temporal and superior frontal gyrus, known to support semantic retrieval, and a distributed network, namely anterior and posterior cingulate gyrus, lingual gyrus and hippocampus when comparing positive and negative words. The latter areas were previously associated with explicit and not incidental processing of the emotional meaning of words and emotional memory retrieval. Thus, the results are discussed in relation to models of processing semantic and episodic emotional information.     

Cerebral pathways in processing of affective prosody: a dynamic causal modeling study

This study was conducted to investigate the connectivity architecture of neural structures involved in processing of emotional speech melody (prosody). 24 subjects underwent event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while rating the emotional valence of either prosody or semantics of binaurally presented adjectives. Conventional analysis of fMRI data revealed activation within the right posterior middle temporal gyrus and bilateral inferior frontal cortex during evaluation of affective prosody and left temporal pole, orbitofrontal, and medial superior frontal cortex during judgment of affective semantics. Dynamic causal modeling (DCM) in combination with Bayes factors was used to compare competing neurophysiological models with different intrinsic connectivity structures and input regions within the network of brain regions underlying comprehension of affective prosody. Comparison on group level revealed superiority of a model in which the right temporal cortex serves as input region as compared to models in which one of the frontal areas is assumed to receive external inputs. Moreover, models with parallel information conductance from the right temporal cortex were superior to models in which the two frontal lobes accomplish serial processing steps. In conclusion, connectivity analysis supports the view that evaluation of affective prosody requires prior analysis of acoustic features within the temporal and that transfer of information from the temporal cortex to the frontal lobes occurs via parallel pathways.     

低频振幅算法功能磁共振成像观察屈光参差性弱视患者脑活动

目的 应用基于低频振幅(ALFF)算法的功能磁共振成像(fMRI)观察屈光参差性弱视患者脑活动的变化。方法 对9例左眼单眼屈光参差性弱视患者(弱视组)和12名健康志愿者(对照组)在黑白棋盘格刺激下行fMRI,应用t检验对ALFF脑图进行组间和组内统计学分析。结果 1例弱视组患者数据在预处理后被剔除。左眼接受刺激时,弱视组较对照组左侧舌回、右侧枕中回、右侧中央前回、左侧后扣带回、左侧顶上小叶、左侧楔前叶和楔叶等区域ALFF减弱,左侧额中间回、左侧额上回、左侧颞上回、右侧杏仁体和右侧壳核等区域ALFF显著增强;右眼接受刺激时,弱视组较对照组胼胝体和左侧颞中回ALFF减弱,双侧枕叶、右侧额中回和右侧尾状核等区域ALFF显著增强。弱视组中,与右眼接受视觉刺激时比较,左眼接受视觉刺激时右侧额下回、左侧尾状核、丘脑及前扣带回等脑区ALFF显著增强,双侧枕叶ALFF显著减弱。结论 任务状态下基于ALFF算法的fMRI不仅可反映弱视患者视皮层的功能损害,还可反映多脑区神经活动的变化。     

Amplitude low-frequency oscillation abnormalities in the heroin users: a resting state fMRI study

Functional neuroimaging studies have revealed abnormal functional organization of the heroin users' brain, including reward circuit, cognitive control circuit, memory circuit, motivation and salience evaluation circuits and so on. In the current study, we aimed to explore the functional changes in the regional brain of heroin users using the amplitude of low-frequency oscillations in the Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) signals. With fMRI data acquired during resting state from 24 chronic heroin users (all subjects were being treated with methadone) and 24 non-addicted controls, we investigated addiction related altered in the amplitude low-frequency fluctuate (ALFF) between the two groups. Compared with controls, we found that heroin addicts had decreased ALFF in the bilateral dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), bilateral medial orbit frontal cortex (mOFC), left dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), left middle temporal gyrus, left inferior temporal gyrus, posterior cingulate cortex and left cuneus as well as increased ALFF in the bilateral angular gyrus, bilateral precuneus, bilateral supramarginal gyrus, left post cingulate cortex and left middle frontal gyrus. Moreover, we also found that the increased ALFF in the bilateral parietal lobe had a significantly positive correlation with the methadone does, thus we inferred that the reduced ALFF may due to heroin consumption, nevertheless, the increased ALFF in the bilateral parietal lobe may have resulted from the methadone treatment. This resting-state fMRI study suggests that the changed spontaneous neuronal activity of these regions may be implicated in the underlying pathophysiology of heroin addicts.     

Self, mother and abstract other: an fMRI study of reflective social processing

Using fMRI, we studied the neural correlates of self-referential processing by comparing BOLD signal changes during self and mother conditions of a self-reference effect (SRE) task. Conjunction analysis of these two conditions showed several common areas of significant activation, including the medial aspects of the superior frontal gyri, left inferior frontal gyrus, bilateral temporal poles, left superior temporal sulcus and left precuneus. The locations of the 7 strongest peak activations for the self condition and for the mother condition were compared on a subject-by-subject basis in native space. Of the 119 pairs of peaks explored, 87% were located within 2 voxels of each other, demonstrating the commonality of the brain regions subserving both self- and mother-referential processing within an individual subject. In group analyses of the self-referential vs. mother-referential contrast, small differences in activation strength were observed in the left superior frontal sulcus, right cingulate gyrus and the left fusiform gyrus. Greater activation for mother than for self was observed in bilateral temporal lobes. Subjects also performed a social attribution task (SAT) in which they inferred mental states about interacting geometric shapes. Activations from this visual theory of mind task were compared with the activations demonstrated during self-referential processing. Striking similarities were found, including overlapping activations in bilateral medial prefrontal cortices, left inferior frontal gyrus and precuneus. These data suggest that reflective analysis of self, mother and abstract others relies predominantly on the same neural architecture.     

电刺激诱发肢体持续麻木感静息态fMRI研究

目的 采用静息态fMRI (rs-fMRI)比率低频振幅 (fALFF)检测电刺激诱发肢体持续麻木感脑功能变化情况,探讨持续性麻木脑机制。方法 对21名健康成年志愿者有无电刺激分别行静息态fMRI扫描,并要求被试对同一脉冲电刺激行麻木感强度评分。通过fALFF算法对有无电刺激脑fALFF值进行分析,并获得两者显著差异脑区,进一步将给予电刺激脑fALFF与个体麻木感强度评分作相关分析。结果 与无电刺激比较,给予电刺激fALFF值显著增强脑区：额叶内侧皮质、前扣带回、两侧颞中回、两侧颞下回和右侧颞极；显著减弱的脑区：楔前叶/后扣带回、右侧小脑。给予电刺激脑fALFF与个体麻木感评分显著正相关的脑区有楔前叶/后扣带回和左侧颞中回；显著负相关脑区有右侧额极和左侧颞下回。结论 电刺诱发肢体持续麻木感涉及感觉运动、情绪和认知功能相关脑区,且与默认网络脑区密切相关,楔前叶 /后扣带回、颞叶及额叶部分脑区与个体麻木感差异性相关,本研究为探讨麻木感相关脑机制提供新的范式。     

The functional neuroanatomy of simple calculation and number repetition: A parametric PET activation study

We examined cerebral activation patterns with positron emission tomography (PET) in 12 right-handed normal volunteers while they were completing simple calculation tasks or merely repeating numbers. Using a parametric experimental design, during calculation we found activation in the medial frontal/cingulate gyri, left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, left anterior insular cortex and right anterior insular cortex/putamen, left lateral parietal cortex, and the medial thalamus. Number repetition engaged bilateral inferior sensorimotor cortex, bilateral temporal areas, and left inferior frontal cortex. These results suggest a functional anatomical network for simple calculation, which includes aspects of attention, auditory, and motor processing and the phonological store and articulatory loop components of working memory; they add some support for a special role of the parietal cortex in calculation tasks.     

Towards a fronto-temporal neural network for the decoding of angry vocal expressions

Vocal expressions commonly elicit activity in superior temporal and inferior frontal cortices, indicating a distributed network to decode vocally expressed emotions. We examined the involvement of this fronto-temporal network for the decoding of angry voices during attention towards (explicit attention) or away from emotional cues in voices (implicit attention) based on a reanalysis of previous data (Frühholz, S., Ceravolo, L., Grandjean, D., 2012. Cerebral Cortex 22, 1107-1117). The general network revealed high interconnectivity of bilateral inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) to different bilateral voice-sensitive regions in mid and posterior superior temporal gyri. Right superior temporal gyrus (STG) regions showed connectivity to the left primary auditory cortex and secondary auditory cortex (AC) as well as to high-level auditory regions. This general network revealed differences in connectivity depending on the attentional focus. Explicit attention to angry voices revealed a specific right-left STG network connecting higher-level AC. During attention to a nonemotional vocal feature we also found a left-right STG network implicitly elicited by angry voices that also included low-level left AC. Furthermore, only during this implicit processing there was widespread interconnectivity between bilateral IFG and bilateral STG. This indicates that while implicit attention to angry voices recruits extended bilateral STG and IFG networks for the sensory and evaluative decoding of voices, explicit attention to angry voices solely involves a network of bilateral STG regions probably for the integrative recognition of emotional cues from voices.     

无灶性癫痫静息态功能MRI的功能连接研究

目的应用静息态功能MRI(rs-f MRI)功能连接方法(FC)研究无灶性癫痫(NLE)的脑功能改变,探论FC对NLE的应用价值。加深对NLE病理生理机制的理解,为其诊断及治疗提供可靠的理论依据。材料与方法对43例NLE患者和46例性别、年龄、教育程度及利手相匹配的健康志愿者(对照组),采用3.0 T超导MR扫描仪进行静息态功能序列扫描,然后将病例组与对照组分别进行FC分析,再对ALFF分析结果进行两样本t检验分析,并分析FC统计脑图与病程的相关性。结果与正常对照组相比,病例组右侧海马FC增加的脑区位于右颞上回、左颞下回、双颞中回、双前额内侧回,右额中回;左侧海马FC增加的脑区位于双颞上回、左海马旁回、左额叶、右前额内侧回、左顶下小叶、右中央后回。右侧海马FC降低的脑区位于左内囊膝、左顶下小叶、右扣带回、左额上回、左额叶;左侧海马降低的脑区位于右小脑后叶、左小脑前叶、右颞上回、右丘脑。病例组右侧海马FC病程正相关的脑区位于:左额下回、左颞下回、左颞上回、右额叶、右楔前叶、右顶叶、右顶下小叶、右额中回;左侧海马FC与病程正相关的脑区位于左舌回、双额中回、左顶下小叶、右中央后回。病例组右侧海马FC与病程呈负相关的脑区位于左小脑前叶、左内囊膝;病例组左侧海马FC与病程负相关的脑区位于左小脑扁桃体、左额上回、右颞上回、左楔前叶。结论 ALFF和FC方法可作为一种无创的脑功能研究方法,能检测出NLE静息态脑功能变化,了解与临床变量(病程)的相关性,为癫痫的病理生理机制研究提供可靠的理论依据。     

功能磁共振成像评价肝性脑病患者大脑基线活动的改变

目的 采用fMRI技术观察肝性脑病(HE)患者大脑基线活动改变。方法 对24例HE患者行静息态fMRI扫描,获取低频振幅(ALFF),其中临床症状明显的肝性脑病(OHE组)及临床症状隐匿的轻微型肝性脑病(MHE组)各12例。另选12名健康志愿者作为对照组。并进行统计学分析。结果 3组ALFF差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)的脑区主要集中于额叶、顶叶及颞叶。与对照组比较,OHE组ALFF升高的脑区包括右侧小脑后叶、左侧小脑前叶、左侧海马旁回及左侧额下回/岛叶皮质,MHE组ALFF升高的脑区包括右侧缘上回/颞上回;OHE组ALFF减低的脑区包括双侧内侧前额叶皮质、双侧后扣带回/左侧楔叶、右侧中央后回/中央前回、左侧中央旁小叶及左侧辅助运动区,MHE组ALFF减低的脑区包括左侧距状裂皮质、双侧后扣带回/右侧楔前叶、左侧中央后回、双侧中央旁小叶及双侧辅助运动区(P均<0.05)。与MHE组比较,OHE组ALFF减低的脑区包括左侧前扣带回、双侧内侧前额叶皮质、双侧后扣带回、右侧角回/枕上回及右侧额中回(P均<0.05)。OHE组及MHE组双侧后扣带回ALFF均与血氨水平呈负相关(P均<0.05)。结论 OHE及MHE患者均存在静息态下脑功能异常。     

Cerebral responses to pain in patients suffering acute post-dental extraction pain measured by positron emission tomography (PET)

Previous studies with normal volunteers have demonstrated distributed cortical responses to experimental heat pain within a network of structures. The network includes the insula, anterior cingulate, prefrontal, inferior parietal and somatosensory cortices. Patients suffering from chronic nociceptive pain following rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have shown damped central responses to experimental heat pain applied to the back of the right hand. In this study of patients with acute, left-sided, post-molar-extraction (surgical) pain, we assessed the cortical responses to experimental heat pain, applied to the back of the right hand, using positron emission tomography (PET), and compared the responses with a previously reported control group and the RA group. In response to the experimental heat pain, the surgical group indicated significantly increased regional cerebral blood flow in the prefrontal cortex [Brodman's area (BA) 44] ipsilateral to the heat stimulus. Contralateral increases were detected in the putamen and transverse temporal gyrus (BA 40/41/42) with bilateral increases in the insular cortex. Compared to the control and RA group, there were significantly reduced responses in the anterior cingulate (BA 24), pre-frontal medial, and orbito-frontal (BA 9/10/32/47) cortices. These results suggest that relatively discrete regions of the cerebral cortex are responsible for acute nociceptive processing during an acute inflammatory episode. The reduced frontal and anterior cingulate responses to the experimental heat pain (applied to the right hand) during acute inflammatory pain (left jaw) illustrates cortical modulation of nociceptive processing that may be related to non-somatotopic, bilateral, nociceptive inputs to these areas.     

静息态功能MRI观察脑梗死后失语症患者功能连接变化

目的 采用静息态功能MRI（rs-fMRI）观察脑梗死后失语患者各脑区功能连接（FC）变化。方法 对10例脑梗死后失语症患者（观察组）及10名健康志愿者（对照组）采集rs-fMRI,以左侧额下回（LIFG）布罗卡（Broca）区为种子点,分析组内和组间ROI与其他脑区FC相关性的差异。结果 对照组双侧枕叶、顶叶、额叶、颞叶、小脑半球、小脑扁桃体及脑干与ROI FC呈正相关（P均<0.05）;观察组双侧额下回,左侧中央后回、中央前回、额中回、扣带回、豆状核、海马、楔叶、枕叶,右侧顶下小叶、缘上回与ROI的FC呈正相关（P均<0.05）;观察组双侧缘上回、颞下回、梭状回、顶下小叶、枕中回,右侧额中回、扣带回、小脑半球,左侧颞中回、颞上回等与ROI的FC的相关性高于对照组（P均<0.05）。结论 静息态下健康人脑内存在语言功能网络;左侧脑梗死后失语症患者多个脑区与LIFG Broca区的FC呈正相关,以左侧大脑半球额叶为主,可能与脑梗死后失语症的发生及恢复机制有关。     

2型糖尿病伴轻度认知功能障碍患者脑静息态功能MRI研究

目的探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)伴轻度认知功能障碍(MCI)患者脑静息态脑功能局部一致性(Re Ho)及分数低频波动振幅(f ALFF)的改变特点。材料与方法共纳入21名T2DM伴MCI患者(D-MCI组)及25名年龄、性别、受教育水平相匹配的对照组志愿者(HC组),通过3.0 T MR仪采集T2WI、FLAIR、三维T1WI结构数据和静息态功能数据,分别计算静息态Re Ho值和f ALFF值并进行组内和组间比较,然后提取组间存在显著差异脑区的Re Ho/f ALFF值与临床数据做相关分析。结果 D-MCI组存在多个右侧额上回亚区、部分小脑Re Ho值显著增高,双侧内侧眶额部额上回、右侧额中回、右侧颞下回、左侧枕中回及右侧舌回Re Ho值显著减低;而左侧颞下回、双侧扣带回前部f ALFF值显著增高,右侧舌回f ALFF值显著减低。D-MCI组Hb A1c与扣带回前部f ALFF值(r=-0.482,P=0.027)、Mo CA评分与左侧颞下回f ALFF值(r=-0.547,P=0.010)呈显著负相关。结论 T2DM伴MCI患者存在认知控制网络、视觉信息处理、语义认知等多个相关脑区的异常活动,这些异常活动可部分阐释T2DM患者伴发MCI的神经生理基础。     

fMRI观察海洛因成瘾戒断者情绪加工中的唤醒度异常

目的 探讨海洛因成瘾戒断者情绪加工中唤醒度异常的脑机制。 方法 通过呈现不同唤醒度的情绪图片对13例海洛因成瘾戒断者(试验组)和13名健康人(对照组)进行fMRI。扫描结束后受试者对图片进行唤醒度评定。利用AFNI软件对脑功能数据进行处理,使用SPSS 13.0统计软件对行为学数据进行分析。 结果 观看情绪图片时,试验组左侧杏仁核和海马、双侧丘脑、扣带回、双侧额上回、额中回、右侧中央前回、双侧颞上回、右侧颞下回、左侧梭状回、双侧尾状核等脑区的激活低于对照组;观看高唤醒度图片时,其右侧丘脑、左侧杏仁核和海马的激活高于观看低唤醒度图片,对照组相反。 结论 海洛因成瘾者的情绪唤醒度加工机制存在损伤。     

暴力人群面部表情的功能磁共振变化

目的应用脑功能磁共振探讨暴力人群对愉快和悲伤面部表情认知障碍的脑功能机制。方法 2009年3月8月,应用宾夕法尼亚大学三维彩色愉快和悲伤情绪面部表情图片作为情绪刺激,对男性暴力行为组（n=20）和与之相匹配的正常男性（n=21）,进行功能磁共振扫描,并采用SPM2对数据进行分析。结果愉快情绪图片刺激下,正常组比暴力组激活增加的脑区有左额中回、左前扣带回、左楔前叶、左颞中回、右中央后回和右侧小脑。悲伤情绪图片刺激下,正常组比暴力组激活增加的脑区有左额中回、左后扣带回、左楔前叶、右小脑、左颞中回及颞上回。结论暴力行为者对愉快和悲伤情绪的脑激活减低,主要表现在前额叶-颞叶-边缘脑区。