新疆2种洋甘菊中5种化合物的微乳薄层色谱鉴别

目的建立以聚酰胺薄膜为固定相,微乳液为展开剂,同时鉴别2种洋甘菊中5种化合物木犀草素、芹菜素、木犀草素-7-葡萄糖苷、芹苷元-7-葡萄糖苷、7-甲氧基香豆素的方法。方法以SDS-正丁醇-正庚烷-水微乳液为展开剂,并配以甲酸为有机改性剂,以2-氨基乙基联苯基硼酸酯、聚乙二醇400甲醇溶液为显色剂,考察了不同微乳液对两种洋甘菊甲醇提取物分离度的影响,通过调节展开剂的组成,寻找出最佳的薄层分离条件并分离鉴别了母菊、罗马洋甘菊。结果微乳液-甲酸(9∶2)为适宜的展开剂,其中微乳液SDS-正丁醇-正庚烷质量比为0.27∶0.63∶0.10、含水量75%。与硅胶薄层比较,分离效果明显提高。结论建立了一种分离鉴别母菊、罗马洋甘菊中木犀草素、芹菜素、木犀草素-7-葡萄糖苷、芹甙元-7-葡萄糖苷、7-甲氧基香豆素5种化合物的方法。方法简便、快速和准确。     

薄层色谱 - 生物自显影技术测定绵茵陈提取液中绿原酸的含量并评价其抗氧化活性

 目的 建立绵茵陈中绿原酸的含量测定方法并采用薄层色谱 - 生物自显影法研究绵茵陈提取液的抗氧化活性。 方法 薄层 扫描法测定绵茵陈提取液中绿原酸的含量,随后用 二苯代苦味肼基自由基 溶液显色,双波长扫描,获得其抗氧化成分的峰面积。 结果 常规薄层扫描与生物自显影扫描测定得到的 绿原酸 含量具有一致性, 由 生物自显影扫描法测得 色谱峰 总积分值明显大于绿原酸单峰面积,表明 绵茵陈中除了绿原酸外,还存在其它抗氧化能力较强的活性成分。 结论 以 DPPH 作显色剂,双波长扫描,可利用 TLC- 生物自显影技术对天然提取物中具有自由基清除及抗氧化活性的活性成分进行快速筛选与评价 。     

多元多息评价新疆习用2种洋甘菊

目的建立新疆习用2种洋甘菊(母菊、罗马洋甘菊)的定性、定量鉴别方法,对其多方面、多角度进行品质评价。方法采用显微鉴别、薄层色谱、液相色谱、气相色谱等现代仪器分析技术对2种洋甘菊进行显微结构及化学成分研究。结果 2种洋甘菊在显微特征中萌发孔数目、色谱特征中斑点数目及烯炔-双环醚、红没药醇等化学成分方面均具有显著性差异。结论文章建立的洋甘菊多元多息显微特征和色谱特征,为新疆习用2种洋甘菊的品种鉴别和质量评价提供了更为准确、有效的系统评价方法和依据。     

TLC-生物自显影法筛选榆叶合叶子的抗氧化活性

目的：建立榆叶合叶子中黄酮类成分的TLC鉴别方法和运用TLC-生物自显影鉴别方法,初步筛选榆叶合叶子中的抗氧化活性成分.方法：以绣线菊苷、金丝桃苷、芦丁、槲皮素为对照品,采用三种薄层展开系统,选出最佳薄层展开系统;喷以0.1%的DPPH无水乙醇溶液显色,筛选抗氧化活性.结果：榆叶合叶子黄酮类物质的TLC鉴别的最佳展开系统为乙酸乙酯-甲酸-水（8：1：1）;TLC-生物自显影抗氧化活性筛选中,黄酮类成分的薄层板呈紫色背景黄色斑点.结论：榆叶合叶子药材中黄酮类成分的TLC鉴别方法可行,重复性好,可作为榆叶合叶子药材的薄层鉴别方法;榆叶合叶子药材中的黄酮类成分具有抗氧化活性.     

TLC-生物自显影法导向分离菝葜中抗氧化活性成分

目的:采用薄层色谱-生物自显影法导向分离菝葜中的抗氧化活性成分,为建立"谱-效"相关质控标准奠定基础。方法:用1,1-二苯基-2-苦肼基自由基乙醇溶液(DPPH)和传统显色剂显色,检识主要抗氧化活性成分,选择性进行导向分离鉴定。结果:经反复柱层析,从菝葜的丙酮提取物中分离鉴定了白黎芦醇(Ⅰ)、落新妇苷(Ⅱ)、黄杞苷(Ⅲ)和Helicioside A(Ⅳ)4个主要抗氧化活性成分。结论:该方法用于菝葜主要抗氧化活性成分的导向分离具有操作简便的优点,分离得到1个二苯乙烯化合物(Ⅰ)和3个二氢黄酮醇苷类化合物(Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ),其中化合物(Ⅳ)为首次从该属植物中获得。     

白刺果实活性成分提取及其抗氧化活性研究△

目的：白刺果实活性成分提取及其抗氧化活性的研究。方法：用70％丙酮提取白刺果实,其提取物依次用乙醚、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇进行萃取得各部分及水相,通过分光光度法测定各部分的黄酮及多酚含量,DPPH法和ABTS法测定各部分的体外抗氧化活性,大孔吸附树脂结合制备液相法对活性强的水相部分分离纯化。结果：水相部分黄酮和多酚含量较高且抗氧化活性最强,分离得到两个单体化合物,鉴定为异鼠李素-3—O-芦丁苷和异鼠李素-3-O-芦丁-7-O-葡萄糖苷,并对两个单体的抗氧化活性进行测定,两个单体都有明显抗氧化活性,且异鼠李素-3-O-芦丁苷相比于异鼠李素-3-O-芦丁-7-O-葡萄糖苷清除自由基的能力较强。结论：白刺果实中的黄酮及多酚具有抗氧化活性。     

洋甘菊的化学成分和药理作用研究进展及其质量标志物预测分析

洋甘菊(Matricaria chamomilla L.)为菊科母菊属草本植物,是维吾尔医学常用药材,主产于中国新疆和欧洲等地。洋甘菊的化学成分主要包括黄酮、酚酸、挥发油、香豆素和其他类成分,具有抗炎、镇痛、抗菌、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、降血糖、降血脂、降血压和对胃肠道系统和神经系统的药理作用。本文在对洋甘菊化学成分、药理作用概述的基础上,对其质量标志物进行预测分析,推测黄酮、酚酸、倍半萜类成分可作为洋甘菊的质量标志物,为建立洋甘菊质量标准提供科学参考。     

凤尾草中α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂的分离及结构鉴定

目的筛选并鉴定凤尾草中具有α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性的化学成分。方法采用薄层生物自显影技术,对凤尾草水提取物的二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、甲醇三个化学部位进行α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性物质筛选。利用制备薄层色谱及凝胶柱色谱法对上述筛选结果进行目标分离和制备,应用核磁共振及质谱对上述分离的单体化合物进行结构鉴定。结果乙酸乙酯与甲醇两个化学部位的薄层板上均能观察到类白色或淡黄色抑制斑点区;对抑制的斑点进行目标分离,鉴定出3个蕨素类,分别为:乙酰蕨素B(1),蕨素C(2),蕨素C-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(3)。结论 3个蕨素类化合物为凤尾草α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性物质。     

黄芩不同极性溶剂提取物抗氧化活性研究

目的比较黄芩不同溶剂提取物的抗氧化活性,并测定其黄酮含量。方法利用比色法测定黄芩不同溶剂提取物中的总黄酮含量,利用1,1-二苯基-2-苦苯肼(DPPH)自由基体系对黄芩不同溶剂提取物的抗氧化活性进行评价。结果黄芩不同溶剂提取物均具有一定的抗氧化活性,其中乙醇提取物清除DPPH自由基的能力最强,且总黄酮含量最高。结论黄芩的抗氧化活性受到不同溶剂的影响,并且与其含的黄酮含量成正相关。     

平卧菊三七提取物抗氧化活性研究与抗氧化特征成分的HPLC-MS/MS分析

目的:采用DPPH体系测定平卧菊三七地上部分不同极性部位提取物的抗氧化活性,并利用液质联用(HPLC-MS/MS)技术分析了活性较高的乙酸乙酯部位的抗氧化特征性成分。方法:对平卧菊三七地上部分提取物用石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇进行萃取得到石油醚部位、乙酸乙酯部位、正丁醇部位及水部位。考察平卧菊三七地上部分不同极性部位提取物对清除1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基的能力以及通过液质联用电喷雾四级杆飞行时间质谱仪(HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS)技术对其活性部位中的化学成分进行定性分析。采用液质联用(LC-MS/MS),C_(18)色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)以甲醇-0.1%甲酸溶液为流动相梯度洗脱,使用ESI负离子模式下采集数据。通过质谱数据分析,并与对照品及文献对照,对其进行成分鉴定。结果:平卧菊三七地上部分不同极性提取物对DPPH自由基都具有清除力,其中乙酸乙酯部位的清除能力最强。通过其质谱数据分析,并与对照品及相关文献对照,共鉴定出11个化合物。结论:应用DPPH抗氧化活性筛选及HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS技术能够快速准确地发现平卧菊三七地上部分抗氧化活性成分,为进一步研究平卧菊三七的药效物质基础提供参考。     

地方习用2种洋甘菊的数码显微鉴别研究

目的:建立区分新疆习用2种洋甘菊(母菊、罗马洋甘菊)的数码显微鉴别方法。方法:采用水合氯醛和粉末透化法,数码显微镜观察研究2种洋甘菊花粉末的主要显微特征。结果:2种洋甘菊均具有草酸钙小簇晶、腺毛、导管等显微结构,但其非腺毛、花粉粒具有明显差异,罗马洋甘菊中具有非腺毛、3个萌发孔,而母菊中无非腺毛、具有4个萌发孔。结论:2种洋甘菊显微特征中花粉粒萌发孔的数目差异及有无非腺毛可作为新的鉴别方法区分2种洋甘菊,为其药材质量标准制定以及进一步深入研究和开发利用提供科学依据。     

Inhibition of Proinflammatory Biomarkers in THP1 Macrophages by Polyphenols Derived From Chamomile,Meadowsweet and Willow bark

Antiinflammatory compounds in the diet can alleviate excessive inflammation, a factor in the pathogenesis of common diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis and diabetes. This study examined three European herbs, chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla), meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria L.) and willow bark (Salix alba L.), which have been traditionally used to treat inflammation and their potential for use as antiinflammatory agents. Aqueous herbal extracts and isolated polyphenolic compounds (apigenin, quercetin and salicylic acid, 0–100 μM) were incubated with THP1 macrophages, and interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6 and tumour necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) were measured. At concentrations of 10 μM, both apigenin and quercetin reduced IL‐6 significantly ( p < 0.05). Apigenin at 10 μM and quercetin at 25 μM reduced TNF‐α significantly ( p < 0.05). Amongst the herbal extracts, willow bark had the greatest antiinflammatory activity at reducing IL‐6 and TNF‐α production. This was followed by meadowsweet and then chamomile. The lowest effective antiinflammatory concentrations were noncytotoxic (MTT mitochondrial activity assay). The Comet assay, which was used to study the protective effect of the isolated phenols against oxidative damage, showed positive results for all three polyphenols. These are the first findings that demonstrate the antiinflammatory capacity of these herbal extracts. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Preparation of novel apigenin‐enriched,liposomal and non‐liposomal,antiinflammatory topical formulations as substitutes for corticosteroid therapy

Two oil‐in‐water formulations, containing equal amounts of apigenin‐enriched chamomile flower extracts, for potential use as topical antiinflammatory agents, were prepared and their physicochemical properties evaluated. A pilot clinical study was then carried out to assess patient acceptability and efficacy. The creams were either non‐liposomal or liposomal. The liposomal formulations were more viscous, thus producing superior release characteristics in vitro. The clinical study also showed that the liposomal creams were, as antiinflammatory agents, slightly more effective in vivo than the non‐liposomal formulations. These results suggest that there is scope for the further development of even more effective and safer alternatives to corticosteroids. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A review of the bioactivity and potential health benefits of chamomile tea (Matricaria recutita L.)

Chamomile (Matricaria recutita L., Chamomilla recutita L., Matricaria chamomilla) is one of the most popular single ingredient herbal teas, or tisanes. Chamomile tea, brewed from dried flower heads, has been used traditionally for medicinal purposes. Evidence-based information regarding the bioactivity of this herb is presented. The main constituents of the flowers include several phenolic compounds, primarily the flavonoids apigenin, quercetin, patuletin, luteolin and their glucosides. The principal components of the essential oil extracted from the flowers are the terpenoids alpha-bisabolol and its oxides and azulenes, including chamazulene. Chamomile has moderate antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, and significant antiplatelet activity in vitro. Animal model studies indicate potent antiinflammatory action, some antimutagenic and cholesterol-lowering activities, as well as antispasmotic and anxiolytic effects. However, human studies are limited, and clinical trials examining the purported sedative properties of chamomile tea are absent. Adverse reactions to chamomile, consumed as a tisane or applied topically, have been reported among those with allergies to other plants in the daisy family, i.e. Asteraceae or Compositae.     

不同品种降香质量研究

以水蒸汽蒸馏法、气-质联用法及分光光度法分别对不同品种降香挥发油含量、油中主要成分含量及总黄酮含量作了比较研究。降香檀药材挥发油含量为3.61～3.79％,橙花叔醇占挥发油含量的45.23～69.13％,其药材总黄酮含量为2.51～5.82％。其余品种挥发油含量均<1.50％,总黄酮含量也与降香檀药材有显著差异。     

树发挥发油成分和脂溶性成分的GC-MS分析

目的:研究树发的挥发油和脂溶性成分。方法:利用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术对树发挥发油和脂溶性成分进行分析。结果:共鉴定出34个挥发油成分,占总量的17.93%,其成分类型主要包括萜类(6.71%),酮类(4.19%)及醇类(3.27%),主要成分为4-戊烯-2-酮(4.19%),cis-7-十四烯醇(3.03%),3,7-二甲基辛烯(1.30%),新己烷(1.28%)和大牦牛儿烯D(1.01%);共鉴定出33个脂溶性成分,占总量的89.63%,其成分类型主要包括脂肪酸类(81.65%),烷烃类(4.49%)和醇类(1.67%),主要成分为反亚油酸甲酯(34.98%),油酸甲酯(10.94%),14-甲基-十五烷酸甲酯(7.40%)和硬脂酸甲酯(4.13%)。结论:首次从树发中提取并鉴定了挥发油和脂溶性成分,为树发的开发利用提供了科学依据。     

不同提取方式对连翘、荆芥、薄荷挥发油成分及抗菌活性的影响

目的对连翘Forsythiae Fructus、荆芥Schizonepetae Herba、薄荷Menthae Haplocalycis Herba及其配伍挥发油进行化学成分及抑菌活性分析,探讨挥发油不同提取方法与其成分及抑菌活性的关系。方法采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS),对连翘、荆芥、薄荷挥发油成分及其配伍后成分的变化进行比较分析,并采用纸片琼脂扩散法、微量稀释法分别测定抑菌圈直径及最低抑菌浓度(MIC),评价单味连翘、荆芥、薄荷挥发油和配伍提取挥发油及单提混合后的挥发油对常见的4种致病菌的抑菌活性。结果连翘、荆芥与薄荷混合提取后,所得到的挥发油主要成分及含量均发生了变化。连翘-荆芥混合提取的挥发油中,缺失了连翘挥发油中含有的7种成分和荆芥挥发油中的7种成分,而新增了8种成分。连翘-薄荷混合提取后,缺失了连翘挥发油中的6种成分和薄荷挥发油中的8种成分,并新增8种成分。荆芥-薄荷混合提取后,缺失了荆芥挥发油中的4种成分和薄荷挥发油中的7种成分,新增了7种成分。连翘-荆芥-薄荷混合提取后,缺失了连翘挥发油中的6种成分、荆芥挥发油中的4种成分、薄荷挥发油中的2种成分,连翘和薄荷共有成分缺失1种,荆芥和薄荷共有成分缺失2种,新增了9种成分。与单提混合挥发油相比,3种药材混合提取组中胡薄荷酮的相对含量明显下降。抑菌实验显示,不同提取方式所得挥发油的抑菌效果不同,单味挥发油及单提混合挥发油对大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、绿脓杆菌、白色念珠菌的抑菌效果均优于配伍提取挥发油组。结论挥发油是解表中药的重要药效成分,中药挥发油采用不同的提取方式对挥发油的得率、成分及药效有一定的影响,最终影响其疗效,应对此加以关注。     

Chamomile and Marigold Tea: Chemical Characterization and Evaluation of Anticancer Activity

With the aim to evaluate the selectivity in the antitumor action, the cytotoxic activity of chamomile and marigold tea was tested against various malignant cell lines and against healthy immunocompetent peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Chemical profiles of chamomile and marigold infusions and decoctions were analyzed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry; their total phenolic content and radical scavenging activity were determined, too. Results from present research demonstrate that chamomile and marigold tea exert selective dose‐dependent cytotoxic action against target cancer cells. It is noteworthy that cytotoxicity of tea prepared from Calendula officinalis is remarkably higher in comparison to that from Matricaria recutita tea. The cytotoxic effect of chamomile tea is very weak to healthy PBMC, while the effect of marigold tea on PBMC is more pronounced. Marigold tea exerts highly selective antitumor effect especially to melanoma Fem‐x cells in comparison to the action to normal healthy PBMC. Chemical analyses show that dominant phenolic compounds in examined infusions and decoctions are flavonoid glycosides and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives. There are no considerable differences in total phenolic content and antioxidant activity between examined infusions. Antitumor potential of chamomile and marigold tea should be further investigated. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.