液基薄层细胞学检查联合阴道镜筛查宫颈病变

目的 探讨宫颈液基薄层细胞技术(LPT)检查联合阴道镜检查并定位活检在宫颈病变中的诊断价值.方法 对2 258例妇科门诊就诊妇女先行LPT检查,LPT异常者进一步行阴道镜下活检.结果 LPT异常者共156例,其中不典型鳞状上皮细胞(ASCUS) 81例,低度鳞状上皮内病变(LSIL) 53例,高度鳞状上皮内病变(HSIL) 21例,鳞癌(SCC) 1 例.156例LPT异常者阴道镜下活检结果 显示:炎症77 例,宫颈上皮内瘤变CINⅠ 41例,CINⅡ 22例,CINⅢ 14例,鳞癌2例.LPT与病检结果 符合率分别是:ASCUS 25.93%,LSIL 69.81%,HSIL 95.24%,SCC100%.结论 LPT检查联合阴道镜检查能早期发现宫颈癌及癌前病变,是一种方便可靠的宫颈癌筛查方法 .     

液基薄层细胞学筛查宫颈上皮病变的临床研究

目的 评价液基薄层细胞学检查(TCT)结合阴道细胞命名系统(TBS)诊断宫颈病变的准确性.方法 TCT结合TBS对668例受检者的宫颈脱落细胞进行细胞学诊断,将TBS报告的意义不明的不典型鳞状细胞(ASCUS)、低度鳞状上皮内病变(LSIL)、高度鳞状上皮内病变(HSIL)以及鳞状细胞癌(SCC)列为细胞学阳性病例.对阳性病例进一步采用阴道镜下活组织病理学检查.采用Spearman等级相关分析对细胞学和组织学检查结果的相关性进行评价.结果 TCT共检出76例细胞学阳性病例,占全部受检病例的11.38%.其中ASCUS 42例,LSIL 28例,HSIL 5例,SCC 1例.阴道镜下活组织病理诊断结果为良性细胞改变(BCC)37例,宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)Ⅰ级31例、Ⅱ级4例、Ⅲ级3例,SCC 1例.Spearman等级相关分析显示细胞学和组织学检查结果呈高度正相关(rs=0.808 1,P＝0.000).结论 TCT技术结合TBS的细胞学检查对于宫颈癌及癌前病变的诊断有很高的敏感性,是一种可靠的宫颈癌及癌前病变筛查手段.     

宫颈薄层液基细胞学检查(LCT)在宫颈癌前病变早期筛查中的临床应用

目的:评价宫颈薄层液基细胞学检查在宫颈病变早期筛查中的应用价值。方法:选取就诊昌吉州人民医院行宫颈薄层液基细胞学检查(LCT)的530例患者,对细胞学阳性患者或细胞学虽阴性临床高度可疑患者共101例行阴道镜检查,同时镜下定位活检。以病理结果作为金标准,评价宫颈薄层液基细胞学检查(LCT)在临床的应用价值。结果:530例患者采用TBS分类,共检出阳性涂片61例,占11.51%,其中不典型鳞状上皮细胞(AS-CUS)35例(6.6%);不典型腺细胞(AGC)3例(0.57%);低度鳞状上皮内病变(LSIL)15例(2.83%);高度鳞状上皮内病变(HSIL)5例(0.94%);鳞状细胞癌(SCC)3例(0.57%);腺癌(AC)1例(0.19%)。细胞学与阴道镜下活组织病理诊断符合率分别为LSIL:60%(9/15),HSIL:80%(4/5),SCC100%(3/3)。结论:采用LCT检查可以提高宫颈病变的阳性诊断率,细胞学阳性或临床可疑患者应配合阴道镜检查及镜下活检进一步明确诊断及治疗,重视宫颈病变的规范化筛查。     

液基细胞学配合阴道镜检查诊断宫颈疾病的临床意义

目的探讨液基细胞学配合阴道镜检查诊断宫颈疾病的诊断价值。方法对944例宫颈疾病患者进行液基细胞学检查,异常患者行阴道镜下多点活检及相关组织病理学检查。结果经液基细胞学检查结果显示,未明确诊断意义的不典型鳞状上皮细胞（ASCUS）56例（5.93%）,高度鳞状上皮内病变（HSIL）20例（2.12%）,低度鳞状上皮内病变（LSIL）38例（4.03%）,鳞癌（SCC）2例（0.21%）。阴道镜下多点活检组织病理学检查显示：诊断为炎症患者70例,鳞癌（SCC）2例,宫颈上皮内瘤样病变CINⅠ47例,CINⅡ12例,CINⅢ12例。结论液基细胞学配合阴道镜检查可提高宫颈疾病的阳性检出率,对于宫颈癌前病变及宫颈癌的早期诊断具有重要的临床诊断价值。     

膜式液基薄层细胞学用于宫颈癌筛查460例临床分析

目的评价液基薄层细胞学(新柏氏TCT)在宫颈病变筛查中的诊断价值及临床意义。方法回顾分析2004年3月~2005年8月本院新柏氏TCT检查结果,宫颈细胞学检查≥ASCUS者行阴道镜检查、多点活检及病理检查。结果标本满意度99.78%,Th inprep液基细胞学检出正常范围者439例(95.43%),其中炎症者414例(90.00%),细胞学异常者21例(4.56%),其中不典型鳞状细胞(ASCUS)5例(1.09%),上皮内低度病变(LSIL)14例(3.04%),高度病变(HSIL)2例(0.43%),鳞癌(SCC)0例,细胞学诊断与组织病理学诊断符合率85.71%。结论TCT技术应用于宫颈癌筛查能明显提高涂片满意率及宫颈异常细胞检出率。     

766例宫颈病变临床诊断方法的分析

目的评价宫颈液基细胞学、阴道镜和镜下宫颈组织病理学检查结果对宫颈病变的应用价值,以便早期发现和诊断宫颈上皮内瘤变和宫颈癌。方法北京市垂杨柳医院妇科门诊在2002年6月至2005年2月,行宫颈基薄层细胞学(TCT)初筛6 201例,对其中442例阳性和324例阴性但临床可疑宫颈病变共计766例,进一步行阴道镜及镜下取活检病理检查,以病理组织学为金标准,对诊断结果进行比较分析。结果TCT初筛6 201例,阳性病变442例,发病率7.13%,其中高度鳞状上皮内病变(HSIL)21例,低度鳞状上皮内病变(LSIL)82例,宫颈癌(CC)4例,意义不明的不典型腺细胞(AGUS)335例。阴道镜和病理诊断HSIL分别为34和36例,LSIL分别为143和153例,CC均为5例,炎症分别为584和572例。阴道镜对≥LSIL和≥HSIL诊断的Kappa值分别为0.887和0.868,均高于TCT对≥LSIL和≥HSIL诊断的Kappa值(0.615和0.716)。TCT和阴道镜诊断对≥LSIL以上病变的敏感性为53.1%和88.7%(P<0.01),特异性为99.3%和98.3%(P>0.05),符合率为87.6%和95.9%(P<0.01),漏诊率为46.9%和11.3%(P<0.01),阴性预测值为86.2%和96.2%(P<0.01),阳性预测值为96.3%和94.5%(P>0.05),误诊率为0.7%和1.7%(P>0.05)。335例ASCUS/AGUS病理诊断为宫颈炎症282例,宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)Ⅰ48例,CINⅡ3例,CINⅢ2例。结论液基细胞学可用于宫颈病变的初筛,液基细胞学检查联合阴道镜下活组织检查,可提高宫颈病变的检出率及准确率,可将二者联合用于宫颈上皮内瘤变的诊断。对ASCUS患者需进一步检查。     

探讨液基薄层细胞检查在宫颈病变筛查中的作用

目的:探讨在宫颈病变筛查中液基薄层细胞检查起的作用.方法:对患者进行液基薄层细胞检查,对其中出现的阳性病例再进行阴道镜下活检,将液基细胞检查结果与组织学活检结果作对比分析.结果:液基细胞检查1020例患者,检查出有宫颈病变950例(93.14%),其中良性改变即正常范围(WNL)813例(85.58%),阳性病变即ASCUS 以上异常137例(14.42%),其中:不典型鳞状细胞(ASCUS)62例,低度鳞状上皮细胞内病变(LSIL)54例,高度鳞状上皮细胞内病变(HSIL)19例,鳞状细胞癌(SCC)1例,腺癌(AC)1例.阴道镜下活检结果:宫颈癌(CA)2例,符合率100%;宫颈上皮内瘤变Ⅱ、Ⅲ级(CINⅡ、CIN Ⅲ)共26例,其中占HSIL中13/19、6/19符合率94.74%;宫颈上皮内瘤变Ⅰ级(CINⅠ)43例,良性病变(BCC)66例,其中占LSIL中33/54、16/54符合率90.74%.结论:液基薄层细胞检查是一种筛查宫颈病变的非常好的方法,特别是针对宫颈癌早期和高度病变能做出与病理诊断一致性高的判断,作用甚佳.     

宫颈病变筛查的结果分析

目的:对本区域宫颈病变的状况进行筛查分析.方法:通过液基薄层细胞学(TCT)检查、阴道镜检查和组织病理学诊断对我院2008年1月～ 2011年1月宫颈病变筛查患者的临床资料进行统计研究分析.结果:TCT检查8426例,异常TCT627例,其中ASCUS288例,ASC-H 98例,LSIL 100例,HSIL 132例,SCC 4例,AGC 5例,细胞学阳性病例检出率7.44%(627/8426).行阴道镜检查及镜下活检543例,病理结果显示:慢性宫颈炎 245例(45.12%),CINⅠ 81例(14.92%),CINⅡ 82例(15.10%),CINⅢ 103例(18.97%),宫颈癌21例(3.87%),宫颈湿疣 11例(2.03%).病理学阳性病例检出率为3.54%(298/8426),其中CIN的检出率为3.16%(266/8426).结论:本区域宫颈病变检出率高,通过TCT技术联合阴道镜检查及镜下病理检查能及时有效地早期发现宫颈上皮内瘤变,对防治宫颈癌有重要意义.     

液基细胞学联合阴道镜检查对宫颈早期病变诊断的临床应用

目的提高宫颈早期病变的诊断。方法选择辽宁省妇幼保健院门诊就诊患者中白带异常、宫颈糜烂及有性生活出血史患者732例进行液基细胞学（TCT）检查，对其中89例细胞学阳性病例进行阴道镜检查及镜下活组织病理检查。结果在细胞学阳性89例中不典型鳞状细胞（ASCUS）44例，低度鳞状上皮内病变（LSIL）35例，高度鳞状上皮内病变（HSIL）8例，鳞状细胞癌（SCC）2例。与组织学病理对照，ASCUS（CINⅠ15例、CINⅡ2例、CINⅢ1例）；LSIL（CINⅠ25例、CINⅡ2例、CINⅢ1例）；HSIL（CINⅠ1例、CINⅡ5例、CINⅢ2例）。结论筛查子宫颈病变，细胞学阳性病例联合阴道镜检查及镜下活组织病理检查，能早期发现癌前病变。防治宫颈癌。     

液基细胞学和高危型HPV-DNA检测在宫颈病变筛查中的应用

目的:探讨液基细胞薄层涂片(ThinPrep Cytology Test,TCT)和高危型人乳头状瘤病毒(HR-HPV)检测在宫颈病变筛查中的作用.方法:采用宫颈超薄液基细胞学检测及第二代杂交捕获试验(HC-Ⅱ)对1794例妇女进行宫颈病变筛查,以宫颈组织病理学检查结果作为确诊的金标准.结果:细胞学检查发现非典型鳞状细胞(ASCUS)159例,低度鳞状上皮内瘤变(LSIL)69例,高度鳞状上皮内瘤变(HSIL)34例.病理学证实CINⅠ 104例,CINⅡ 21例,CINⅢ 18例,宫颈鳞状细胞癌4例.高危型HPV-DNA在不同宫颈病变中的阳性率分别是:宫颈癌100.0%(4/4),高度鳞状上皮内瘤变HSIL37/39(94.9%),低度鳞状上皮内瘤变LSIL93/104(89.4%).宫颈液基细胞学筛查宫颈病变的灵敏度为89.1%,特异度为91.8%,阴性预测值为99.0%;高危型HPV-DNA检测宫颈病变的敏感性为91.2%,特异性为85.5%,阴性预测值为99.1%,宫颈液基细胞学与高危型HPV-DNA检测共同使用的敏感性为99.3%,特异性为82.6%,阴性预测值为99.9%.结论:液基细胞学与高危型HPV-DNA检测同时应用,可使灵敏度和阴性预测值有所提高,其结果对宫颈病变有预警作用.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.