臭氧对髓核超微结构的影响

目的 观察臭氧对髓核超微结构的影响。方法 选用2只实验犬的腰4／5和腰5／6椎间盘,以21G Chiba针穿刺椎间盘中心部并向内注入3ml浓度为30μg/ml的臭氧一氧气混合气体,1周后重复1次。分别在术后1个月和2个月时处死动物获取髓核标本作电镜下超微结构观察。结果 大体标本可见实验髓核体积明显变小,由正常透明胶洋样最终变成白色乳酪样,弹性差,易碎裂。电镜下实验髓核细胞计数稀少,可见较多坏死细胞的残迹。实验髓核的存活细胞突起消失或短小,且这些细胞内排列的胶原纤维亦变为致密排列。结论 臭氧能损害髓核内的细胞和组织结构的功能,最终导致髓核内水份丧失,髓核体积明显减小。     

经皮椎间盘医用臭氧注射术治疗腰椎间盘突出症及适应证研究

目的观察应用臭氧治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床效果及适应证范围。方法采用经皮腰椎间盘内注射浓度为35~45 mg/L医用臭氧6~15 ml,多椎间盘突出者可一次注射2个椎间盘。结果臭氧注射治疗腰椎间盘突出症323例,452个椎间盘,总有效率为77.7%。结论臭氧治疗腰椎间盘突出症方法简单、疗效确切、损伤更小。臭氧不仅能够氧化髓核组织内的蛋白多糖,使髓核萎缩,同时臭氧的抗炎、镇痛作用能缓解症状,目前尚未发现严重的并发症。     

CT导向下O2～O3混合气体注射治疗腰椎间盘突出

目的:观察CT导向下O2～O3混合气体注射治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效.方法:腰椎间盘突出症患者20例,在CT引导下向突出椎间盘内注入60ug/ml O2～O3混合气体15～35ml,在椎间孔内注入40 ug/ml O2～O3混合气体5～10ml及得保松1ml 弥可保2ml混合液.术后3个月随访,疗效评定分为显效、有效和无效.结果:臭氧在椎间盘内呈髓核腔内积聚状、裂隙状、弥散状分布.显效率为 40%(8/20),有效率为30%(6/20).结论:CT导向下O2～O3混合气体椎间盘注射具有定位准确、微创、疗效显著、并发症少等优点,是治疗腰椎间盘突出的有效手段.     

臭氧治疗术在复杂性腰椎间盘突出症治疗中的临床观察

目的探讨臭氧（O2-O3混合气体）治疗术在复杂性腰椎间盘突出症治疗中的效果。方法选择单纯腰椎间盘突出症患者70例,选择椎间盘内负压11例,腰椎间盘髓核摘除术后复发5例,伴椎管狭窄10例,伴腰椎退行性变、腰椎骨质增生、小关节退行性变30例,伴侧隐窝变窄4例,伴腰肌劳损10例,行CT引导下经皮穿刺臭氧治疗术,盘内注入臭氧量2～3ml,椎旁间隙注入臭氧量5～8ml,O3浓度为（30～40μg/ml）。合并腰肌劳损者,根据病理解剖特征,采用20ml一次性注射器抽取臭氧,对疼痛组织内行浸润注射,隔日1次,3次为一疗程。结果通过对70例腰椎间盘突出症患者及70例复杂性腰椎间盘突出症患者治疗后的对比,显示80%患者术后症状立即缓解,术后1周有效率达95%,随访3、6个月有效率可达96%。结论正确的临床诊断,准确的手术操作,以及合理的将臭氧联合应用于软组织损伤性疼痛中,可明显提高复杂性腰椎间盘突出症患者的治疗效果。     

经皮髓核钳夹术联合臭氧注射术治疗腰椎间盘突出症临床价值

目的探讨经皮腰椎间盘钳夹术(PLD)联合臭氧(O3)注射术治疗腰椎间盘突出症价值。方法在DSA监视引导下,健侧卧位,经侧后方入路引入直径4．8mm工作套管,多角度破环,摘除髓核,直至无明显髓核钳夹出,后于盘内及椎间孔附近各注入O2-O3 10ml;对于L4～5及L5～S1均突出患者,主要椎间盘采取上述方法,另一次要椎间盘采取21G乙醇针经皮穿刺,于盘内及椎间孔附近各注入O2-O3 10ml。结果穿刺及技术操作成功率100%,显效63例,有效27例,无效10例,总有效率达90％。O2-O3注射于椎间盘内时,120个椎间盘,有37个椎间隙轮廓显示清晰,35个椎间隙显示欠清,30个只有针尖部见气体进入椎间盘,椎间隙显示不清,18个有大量气体进入椎管硬膜前间隙。结论PLD与O3注射术联合应用治疗腰椎间盘突出症,在作用机制上优势互补,是一种安全、有效方法。     

经皮激光椎间盘减压术联合穿通式注射臭氧治疗腰椎间盘突出症

目的探讨经皮激光椎间盘减压术联合穿通式注射臭氧治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效。方法在CT引导下,选择L3～S1间隙,将穿刺针从双侧插入椎间隙近中心处,然后插入600nm光导纤维,以自动脉冲式半导体激光烧灼髓核,每个间隙发射波长810nm,输出功率15W,能量1600～2400J,使椎间隙形成部分空腔,从双侧穿通式注射臭氧(即一侧推注臭氧时、对侧同时抽吸,交替进行),每个间隙注入浓度为50～60μg/ml臭氧50～60ml。共治疗51例61个间盘,形成穿通式共53个间盘。结果随访6个月,总有效率98.0%,无一例感染或发生其他严重并发症。结论经皮激光椎间盘减压术联合穿通式注射臭氧治疗腰椎间盘突出症具有创伤小、痛苦少、安全性高、疗效较佳等特点,是微创治疗腰椎间盘突出症的有效方法之一。     

髓核及侧隐窝注射臭氧治疗腰椎间盘突出症

目的 探讨经皮穿刺髓核及侧隐窝注射臭氧治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效.方法 88例经CT或MRI证实为腰椎间盘突出症患者进行髓核及侧隐窝注射奥氧作为研究组,并以74例腰椎间盘突出症仅作髓核注射臭氧患者作为对照组.结果 髓核及侧隐窝联合注射对腰椎间盘突出症的患者症状缓解更快、临床疗效持续更长,随访6个月研究组临床疗效达84.1%;对照组为64.9%.统计学分析显示术后1、2和6个月研究组有效率均高于对照组(X2=4.09,P=0.043;X2=4.62,P=0.032;X2=4.38,P=0.036),差异具有统计学意义.结论 髓核内及侧隐窝联合注射臭氧比单一髓核内注射臭氧更加有效.     

C臂引导下髓核造影指导臭氧消融治疗腰椎间盘突出症的应用价值

目的:观察C臂引导下椎间盘髓核造影对指导臭氧髓核氧化治疗腰椎间盘突出症中臭氧注射量及注射方式的临床应用价值。方法:52例腰椎间盘突出症患者在C臂监视引导下,穿刺成功后行椎间盘髓核造影。根据纤维环是否破裂,破裂部位、形态,以及突出相应平面后纵韧带是否破裂等,确定椎间盘突出类型,并决定注射方式及注射量。所有患者介入术后均随访3～12个月。结果:依据椎间盘髓核造影结果,将椎间盘突出的情况分成纤维环未破裂型、纤维环破裂型及后纵韧带破裂型。依据上述分组次序,臭氧的注射量依次增加5ml,而注射时间依次递减约1～2min。术后随访结果表明,其显效率、有效率、无效率分别为73.08%,17.31%,9.61%,总有效率(显效和有效)为90.39%。结论:利用C臂引导髓核造影技术指导臭氧消融治疗腰椎间盘突出症的臭氧注射量及注射方式,有更好的针对性,对减轻患者术中痛苦、提高疗效有重要指导意义。     

医用臭氧治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床分析

目的探讨医用臭氧治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床价值。资料与方法35例腰椎间盘突出症患者在透视下用21G Chiba针穿刺病变椎间盘内及椎间孔周围,分别注射浓度为50μg／ml的臭氧气体5～10ml。结果35例患者随访1～9个月,显效17例,有效13例,无效5例,总有效率85．71％。大多数患者在术后0．5～1个月时取得较好的疗效,未发生严重并发症。结论经皮椎间盘内注射医用臭氧是治疗腰椎间盘突出症的一种有效及安全的微创疗法。     

臭氧髓核氧化术治疗腰椎间盘突出200例临床分析

目的探讨臭氧髓核氧化术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床价值。方法在C臂适时透视下，经皮穿刺向病变椎间盘内注入浓度为60％的臭氧10～15ml，臭氧注射完后拔出穿刺针，局部按压3分钟左右。结果本组200例病员，78％的疗效好，14％的疗效良，6％的疗效可，2％的疗效差。结论臭氧髓核氧化术操作简单、安全，疗效显著。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.