肝纤维化组织相关功能蛋白质组的差异分析

目的建立肝纤维化组织双向凝胶电泳图谱,初步分析蛋白质组的变化与差异表达。方法利用2-DE分离肝纤维化组织和正常肝组织总蛋白质后,经图像分析识别差异表达的蛋白点,应用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱鉴定差异蛋白质,并用Western印迹方法对其中3个蛋白质的表达水平变化进行验证。结果比较分析肝纤维化组织和正常肝组织的2-DE图谱,找到差异蛋白点59个,其中在肝纤维化组织表达上调30个,下调29个。并对其中15个表达差异3倍以上的蛋白点进行了肽质量指纹图分析,鉴定出10个与细胞信号转导、细胞增殖、氧化应激有关的蛋白质,14-3-3β、DJ-1及PEBP蛋白的Western印迹验证结果与2-DE的检测结果相一致。结论肝纤维化组织和正常肝组织之间存在一些差异表达的蛋白质,为进一步阐明肝纤维化的发生机制奠定基础。     

糖尿病肾病大鼠血浆差异表达蛋白的质谱分析

目的 探讨应用比较蛋白质组学分析糖尿病肾病大鼠血浆的差异表达蛋白,寻找和糖尿病肾病发生相关的蛋白质.方法 建立糖尿病肾病(DN)大鼠模型,将DN模型组和正常组大鼠血浆采用双向凝胶电泳(2-DE)技术分离血浆蛋白,经PD-Quest软件分析结合人工对比确认差异蛋白点,MALDI-TOF/TOF鉴定差异表达的蛋白. 结果 成功建立2-DE血浆蛋白图谱,经质谱鉴定出8种差异蛋白,这些差异蛋白主要与氧化应激、炎症反应及脂质代谢紊乱等相关. 结论 双向电泳质谱技术可有效筛选糖尿病肾病相关蛋白,为进一步早期诊断提供依据.     

下咽癌相关血浆肿瘤标志物的蛋白质组学筛选

目的分析下咽癌患者与健康人血浆中差异表达的蛋白质组,筛选潜在的与下咽癌诊断密切相关的血浆肿瘤标志物。方法取下咽癌患者与健康人空腹血浆标本各6例分别等量混合成2组样本,去除血浆高丰度蛋白后,利用双向电泳(2-DE)进行分离,经软件分析后找出表达量变化2倍以上的差异蛋白点,接着利用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF/TOF)进行差异蛋白质鉴定,然后利用Western blotting对α2-HS-糖蛋白的表达量进行验证。结果下咽癌患者与健康人血浆相比较,筛选出表达量差异2倍以上的差异蛋白点共11个,其中表达上调的有5个,表达下调的有6个,进行质谱分析后,表达上调的蛋白有α2-HS-糖蛋白、结合珠蛋白;表达下调的蛋白有免疫球蛋白κ链C结构域、载脂蛋白A1。Western blotting结果表明,α-2-HS-糖蛋白的表达上调,与双向电泳结果一致。结论下咽癌患者与健康人血浆的蛋白质表达谱表现出一定差异,这些差异蛋白有可能成为下咽癌患者早期诊断的特异性血浆肿瘤标志物。     

类风湿关节炎患者滑膜成纤维细胞的差异蛋白质谱分析

目的 应用双向凝胶电泳-质谱法分析正常人及类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)患者滑膜成纤维细胞蛋白质组表达差异,探讨差异蛋白在类风湿关节炎发病中的作用.方法 采用固相pH梯度(immobilized pH gradient,IPG)双向凝胶电泳(two-dimensional gel electrophoresis,2-DE)分离正常人及类风湿关节炎患者滑膜成纤维细胞总蛋白质,银染显色,PDQuest软件分析图像,比较两种细胞蛋白质组表达差异,对差异蛋白质点用基质辅助激光解析电离飞行时间质谱进行鉴定,并用Western blot验证部分表达差异蛋白质.结果 ①采用窄范围的pH 4～7 IPG胶条进行2-DE分析,正常人及RA患者滑膜细胞蛋白胶图上分别平均显示852、837个点.有49个蛋白点在正常、RA滑膜细胞间有2倍以上的显著性量变.②分别在胶图上共选取40个表达水平存在明显差异的蛋白质点进行质谱鉴定,鉴定出23个在RA患者滑膜细胞中表达上调蛋白质.Western blot验证Enolaseα、Annexin Ⅰ、Cathepsin D、SOD2、Peroxiredoxin 2在RA滑膜细胞中表达显著升高.结论 正常人及类风湿关节炎患者滑膜成纤维细胞表达蛋白质组存在差异.这些差异蛋白可能参与类风湿关节炎的发病.     

下咽癌相关血浆肿瘤标志物的蛋白质组学筛选

目的分析下咽癌患者与健康人血浆中差异表达的蛋白质组,筛选潜在的与下咽癌诊断密切相关的血浆肿瘤标志物。方
法取下咽癌患者与健康人空腹血浆标本各6 例分别等量混合成2 组样本,去除血浆高丰度蛋白后,利用双向电泳（2-DE）进行分
离,经软件分析后找出表达量变化2倍以上的差异蛋白点,接着利用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱（MALDI-TOF/TOF）
进行差异蛋白质鉴定,然后利用Western blotting 对α2-HS-糖蛋白的表达量进行验证。结果下咽癌患者与健康人血浆相比较,
筛选出表达量差异2倍以上的差异蛋白点共11 个,其中表达上调的有5个,表达下调的有6个,进行质谱分析后,表达上调的蛋
白有α2-HS-糖蛋白、结合珠蛋白;表达下调的蛋白有免疫球蛋白κ链C结构域、载脂蛋白A1。Western blotting结果表明,α-2-HS-
糖蛋白的表达上调,与双向电泳结果一致。结论下咽癌患者与健康人血浆的蛋白质表达谱表现出一定差异,这些差异蛋白有可
能成为下咽癌患者早期诊断的特异性血浆肿瘤标志物。
     

紫杉醇耐药与敏感细胞的差异表达蛋白分析

目的 比较人肺腺癌细胞系A549与肺腺癌紫杉醇耐药细胞系A549-Taxol的差异表达蛋白.方法 提取A549和A549-Taxol总蛋白,应用双向凝胶电泳技术(2-DE)分离,ImageMaster 5.0软件分析并筛选出两者间差异表达的蛋白点,质谱分析加以鉴定.结果 获得分辨率高且重复性好的肺腺癌耐紫杉醇细胞系及亲代细胞系2-DE图谱.ImageMaster软件分析差异大于2倍的蛋白质点共有80个,其中33个在耐药细胞系中上调,47个下调.质谱分析鉴定出19种差异表达蛋白,其中A549-Taxol中上调蛋白11种,涉及细胞骨架蛋白、代谢酶类、分子伴侣和信号转导相关蛋白质.结论 应用2-DE技术整体展示了紫杉醇耐药细胞系及敏感细胞系的蛋白表达谱,质谱法鉴定的差异蛋白为进一步从多因素角度研究紫杉醇耐药机制提供了新线索.     

紫杉醇耐药与敏感细胞的差异表达蛋白分析

目的 比较人肺腺癌细胞系A549与肺腺癌紫杉醇耐药细胞系A549-Taxol的差异表达蛋白.方法 提取A549和A549-Taxol总蛋白,应用双向凝胶电泳技术(2-DE)分离,ImageMaster 5.0软件分析并筛选出两者间差异表达的蛋白点,质谱分析加以鉴定.结果 获得分辨率高且重复性好的肺腺癌耐紫杉醇细胞系及亲代细胞系2-DE图谱.ImageMaster软件分析差异大于2倍的蛋白质点共有80个,其中33个在耐药细胞系中上调,47个下调.质谱分析鉴定出19种差异表达蛋白,其中A549-Taxol中上调蛋白11种,涉及细胞骨架蛋白、代谢酶类、分子伴侣和信号转导相关蛋白质.结论 应用2-DE技术整体展示了紫杉醇耐药细胞系及敏感细胞系的蛋白表达谱,质谱法鉴定的差异蛋白为进一步从多因素角度研究紫杉醇耐药机制提供了新线索.     

应用蛋白质组学技术筛选胰腺癌血清肿瘤标志物

目的:比较胰腺癌患者与健康志愿者血清蛋白的差异以寻找候选血清肿瘤标志物,为胰腺癌早期诊断提供依据.方法:通过免疫亲合柱去除丰度最高的14种血清蛋白,用双向电泳分离蛋白并比较差异.选取在胰腺癌患者血清中明显差异表达蛋白点,行质谱鉴定和生物信息学分析.结果:建立了稳定性、重复性良好的凝胶蛋白图谱.对筛选出的在胰腺癌患者血清中明显差异表达的78个蛋白点,共有54个蛋白点被成功鉴定,其中胰腺癌患者血清中高表达者29个,低表达者25个.结论:胰腺癌患者、健康志愿者血清蛋白之间存在明显差异,通过蛋白质组学方法可筛选并鉴定出这些差异蛋白,后者有望为早期诊断胰腺癌提供依据.     

仙台病毒载体对未成熟树突状细胞蛋白表达的影响

目的:研究仙台病毒载体对未成熟树突状细胞(DC)蛋白质表达的影响. 方法:提取转染仙台病毒载体的树突状细胞和对照细胞的总蛋白,定量. 双向凝胶电泳分离蛋白质组分,胶体银染显色,PDQuest进行图像分析后选取差异点,胶内酶解后MALDI-TOF MS进行肽指纹图谱鉴定. 结果:图像分析结果显示,处理组2-DE图缺少了40个以上的蛋白点,对其中明显没有表达的5个蛋白点进行了鉴定. 结论:仙台病毒载体感染未成熟树突状细胞可引起蛋白表达的减少.     

人原发性肝癌相关抗原的蛋白质组学初步研究

目的 检测肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)的相关抗原,并予以验证.方法 分别提取15例HCC组织及其癌旁组织总蛋白.Western blot分别检测各总蛋白与其HCC患者自体血清的杂交情况.双向电泳(two-dimensional electrophoresis,2-DE)技术将15例混合总蛋白中的各蛋白进行分离与染色.图像分析法比对染色胶上HCC组织及其癌旁组织蛋白的表达差异,基质辅助激光解吸/电离飞行时间二级质谱(matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight with two mass analyzers for tandem mass spectrometry,MALDI-TOF MS/MS)技术及生物信息学网络数据库分别对表达差异蛋白予以分析鉴定与检索匹配,免疫组织化学与Western blot分别检测该差异蛋白在人HCC组织及其癌旁组织中的变化情况.结果 2-DE染色胶图像分析比对结果显示,HCC及其癌旁组织蛋白表达差异斑点共90个,MALDI-TOF MS/MS与数据库对其中19个蛋白斑点分析鉴定与检索匹配发现15个蛋白表达上调,4个蛋白表达下调.免疫组织化学与Western blot检测结果显示,与对照比较,上调蛋白中的DnaJ同源B亚家族成员11 (dnaJ homolog subfamily B member 11,DNAJB11)在HCC组织中的表达明显增强,下调蛋白中的蛋白酶体亚基α3 (proteasome subunit alpha type 3,PSMA3)在HCC组织中的表达则相反.结论 人原发性肝癌相关抗原DNAJB11在HCC组织中的表达上调,PSMA3在HCC组织中的表达下调.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.