足跗骨软骨母细胞瘤的影像学表现

目的:总结分析足跗骨软骨母细胞瘤的影像学表现。方法:回顾性分析经临床病理证实的发生于足跗骨的5例软骨母细胞瘤的X线、CT及MRI表现。结果:5例均单发,2例位于跟骨,2例位于距骨,1例位于舟骨。X线主要表现为圆形或卵圆形透亮影,边界清楚,5例均可见病灶边缘硬化带形成,病灶内未见明显钙化。CT扫描显示肿瘤呈膨胀性生长,骨质破坏区边界锐利、硬化,灶周软组织肿胀,未见骨膜反应及软组织肿块,增强扫描呈轻度不均匀强化。MRI可见病灶形态呈分叶状,呈长、稍长T1信号,混杂T2信号,伴有灶周骨髓水肿及关节腔积液,灶周软组织水肿,增强扫描亦呈轻度不均匀强化。结论:足跗骨软骨母细胞瘤较少见,其影像学表现具有一定特征性。     

Primary aggressive chondroblastoma of the humerus: an unusual imaging presentation

Chondroblastoma is an uncommon primary benign cartilage-producing neoplasm representing only 1% of all primary bone neoplasia, with male preponderance. It has a predilection to present in any bone ossified in the endochondral pattern. Epiphyseal location, small size, geographic margins, and cartilaginous matrix are virtually pathognomonic radiologic features of this tumor. The tumor rarely transgresses the parent bone to invade adjacent structures. We describe a histologically proven case of chondroblastoma, invading the adjacent glenohumeral joint in a 15-year-old female presented with shoulder pain, in which radiological features belied the nature of the tumor.     

Vertebral chondroblastoma

OBJECTIVE: To determine the age distribution, gender, incidence, and imaging findings of vertebral chondroblastoma, and to compare our series with findings from case reports in the world literature. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: Case records and imaging findings of nine histologically documented vertebral chondroblastomas were retrospectively reviewed for patient age, gender, vertebral column location and level, morphology, matrix, edema, soft tissue mass, spinal canal invasion, and metastases. Our findings were compared with a total of nine patients identified from previous publications in the world literature. The histologic findings in our cases was re-reviewed for diagnosis and specifically for features of calcification and secondary aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC). Clinical follow-up was requested from referring institutions. RESULTS: Nine of 856 chondroblastomas arose in vertebrae (incidence 1.4%; thoracic 5, lumbar 1, cervical 2, sacral 1). There were six males and three females ranging in age from 5 to 41 years (mean 28 years). Satisfactory imaging from seven patients revealed the tumor to arise from the posterior elements in four and the body in three. All tumors were expansive, six of seven were aggressive, and the spinal canal was significantly narrowed by bone or soft tissue mass in six. In one patient canal invasion was minimal. Calcification was pronounced in two and subtle in four. The sole nonaggressive-appearing tumor was heavily mineralized. Bony edema and secondary ABC were not seen on MR imaging. None of the cases had microscopic features of significant secondary ABC. Calcification, and specifically "chicken wire" calcification, was identified in two patients. Pulmonary metastases occurred in none. CONCLUSIONS: Vertebral chondroblastoma is a rare neoplasm that presents later in life than its appendicular counterpart. On imaging it is aggressive in appearance with bone destruction, soft tissue mass, and spinal canal invasion. The lesions contain variable amounts of mineral. Secondary aneurysmal cyst bone formation was not a feature in our study group.     

软骨母细胞瘤的X线及CT诊断（附14例分析）

软骨母细胞瘤又称成软骨细胞瘤,属于一种少见的良性骨肿瘤,国内外文献虽有报道[1～3],但因其具有潜在的恶性和术后复发率高的特点,准确的诊断和处理无疑具有重要临床意义。现对我院经过手术及病理证实的14例软骨母细     

成软骨细胞瘤的MRI表现特点

目的 分析成软骨细胞瘤的MRI表现特点.方法 对经病理证实的20例成软骨细胞瘤的MRI信号特点、病灶形态和生长方式,以及周围骨髓和软组织有无水肿、有无骨膜反应、相邻关节有无积液等征象进行分析.结果 20例病灶在T1WI和T2WI上表现为不均质的混杂信号,病灶形态为分叶状;16例病灶呈膨胀性生长;18例病灶周围出现骨髓水肿;14例病灶周围软组织水肿;6例病灶周围有骨膜反廊;7例病灶突破骨皮质向周围突出;6例棚邻的关节有关节积液.结论 成软骨细胞瘤在MRI上多表现为分叶状和膨胀性生长,病变呈不均质混杂信号,病灶周围有明显的骨髓水肿和邻近软组织水肿.     

成软骨细胞瘤的影像表现

成软骨细胞瘤临床较少见,以往其X线及CT表现常有报道[1-3],MRI表现则报道较少,而CT及MRI能够提供更多的诊断和鉴别诊断信息.笔者对13例成软骨细胞瘤的影像表现进行回顾性分析,以提高对本病的认识.     

CT evaluation of chondroblastoma

Chondroblastoma is a rare benign primary bone tumor with generally characteristic plain radiographic features. In some cases, however, the benign nature and the extent of the lesion may not be appreciated using conventional radiography. We report the CT findings of chondroblastoma in three patients. In one patient CT clearly defined cortical destruction, which was not well visualized on plain radiography or conventional tomography. In a second patient CT showed a sclerotic rim absent on plain radiography; this suggested the benign nature of the lesion. Other advantages and potential pitfalls of CT in evaluating chondroblastoma are discussed.     

颅内生殖细胞瘤的影像学诊断

中枢神经系统生殖细胞瘤是一种少见的颅内肿瘤性病变,占所有儿童肿瘤的2%~3%,由于其对放疗和化疗高度敏感,早期准确诊断并及时治疗对患者的预后至关重要,绝大多数患者无需手术即可达到临床治愈的效果。颅内生殖细胞瘤好发于松果体区、鞍上、基底节区等部位,其发病年龄、性别、临床表现及影像学表现等方面各有一定的特点。本文对颅内生殖细胞瘤的临床及影像学特征进行归纳总结,以期进一步提高广大医师对该病的认识。     

胆石性肠梗阻的影像诊断

目的研究胆石性肠梗阻影像表现及其诊断价值.方法回顾性分析15例经临床证实的胆石性肠梗阻患者的影像表现及其诊断价值.结果所有病例CT表现均见肠梗阻征象、肠腔内迷走结石（异位结石）及胆囊、胆系积气,2例显示腹腔游离积液,除1例胆囊切除者外另14例均见胆囊变形,胆囊与十二指肠分界不清,4例可见明确显示胆肠瘘.5例同时进行了腹部立卧位X线平片检查,其中1例碘水造影显示机械性肠梗阻、肠腔内充盈缺损、胆肠瘘,1例显示胆管积气,3例显示肠梗阻征象,2例未见异常.7例同时进行了腹部超声检查,均提示胆囊异常,其中3例显示胆系积气.结论胆石性肠梗阻有典型的CT表现,CT是胆石性肠梗阻最佳诊断方法,X线平片及超声可以作为筛查手段.     

Diagnostic imaging of orofacial malformations

Summary Two-dimensional conventional X-rays and computer tomographic imaging systems contribute to the diagnosis and surgical planning of patients with orofacial malformations. The ability to reformat CT scans into three-dimensional osseous and soft tissue surface images has a significant impact on the diagnosis and management of orofacial malformations. Cephalometric evaluation with teleradiography provides precise insight into both the skeletal structures and the soft parts, enabling the radiologist to assess the relationship among the different parts in a given subject, at any given time and in relation to the normal.