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肿瘤基因与分子疫苗的研究现状及进展 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
肿瘤疫苗免疫治疗是利用肿瘤抗原进行主动免疫来激发、增强机体对肿瘤的主动特异性免疫反应.目前所研究的肿瘤疫苗主要是基因工程疫苗、肽疫苗、核酸疫苗、抗独特型抗体疫苗. 相似文献
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以T细胞识别的肿瘤抗原为中心的肿瘤免疫治疗 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
近十年来随着人类肿瘤抗原的确立,对抗原加工递呈过程和T细胞免疫识别机制等肿瘤免疫理论认识的不断深入,以及相应生物技术的发展,肿瘤特异性免疫治疗的基础及临床研究取得了突破性进展.肿瘤抗原(肽)疫苗、各种基因工程疫苗、特异性CTL过继免疫治疗、以及新崛起的树突状细胞 (DC)疫苗等抗癌新策略显示了良好的应用前景. 相似文献
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肿瘤疫苗的临床研究新进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
肿瘤疫苗包括多肽疫苗、基因疫苗、重组病毒疫苗、肿瘤细胞疫苗、多肽冲击的树突细胞疫苗等。肿瘤疫苗是应用其表达特异性的肿瘤抗原,来激活、恢复或加强机体抗肿瘤的免疫反应,进而杀伤、清除肿瘤细胞。研制一种肿瘤疫苗需先进行动物实验,再行Ⅲ期的临床试验,研究其安全性和有效性。肿瘤疫苗在多种肿瘤临床试验中的效果是可喜的。已有相当多的肿瘤疫苗试验在患者体内能检测出有意义的免疫应答,且患者通常对肿瘤疫苗有很好的耐受性。很多新的肿瘤疫苗临床试验正在进行,一些Ⅲ期临床试验已经结束,但由于还没有达到预期的安全性和有效性,肿瘤疫苗治疗肿瘤仍然属于试验研究性质的。目前,更多新的有应用前景的肿瘤疫苗已经进入了临床试验,人们正在期待出现更理想的结果。本文就肿瘤疫苗临床研究进展及应用前景作一综述。 相似文献
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随着免疫学的发展以及对肿瘤发生发、展机理的进一步认识,肿瘤疫苗已成为肿瘤治疗新的研究热点。相比于传统的放化疗,手术切除等手段,肿瘤疫苗具有特异性强,抗瘤谱广,耐受性低等优点。肿瘤疫苗主要通过调节机体的免疫反应,促进T细胞增殖和活化及细胞因子释放发挥作用,可以显著抑制肿瘤生长和转移,临床试验结果显示已取得一定效果。肿瘤疫苗免疫手段主要包括肿瘤细胞疫苗、树突状细胞疫苗、DNA疫苗、多肽疫苗、CTL表位肽疫苗、靶向肿瘤新生血管疫苗等。本文主要对肿瘤疫苗治疗的免疫学基础、作用特点、研究进展及应用现状作一综述。 相似文献
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目的:探讨不同树突状细胞(DC)肿瘤疫苗的抗肿瘤机制及应用价值.方法:应用NCBI的PubMed文献数据库系统,以“树突状细胞、疫苗、肿瘤”为关键词检索2001-01-01-2011-12-31文献1 589篇,纳入标准:1)DC抗肿瘤的机制;2)肿瘤抗原肽负载的DC肿瘤疫苗;3)肿瘤全细胞抗原负载的DC肿瘤疫苗;4)肿瘤细胞来源的基因修饰的DC肿瘤疫苗;5)DC-CIK联合修饰疫苗.根据纳入标准符合分析的共30篇文献纳入分析.结果:DC是目前已知人体内功能最强抗原提呈作用的专职抗原呈递细胞,与肿瘤发展有着密切的关系,以DC为基础制备的不同类型肿瘤疫苗提高了抗肿瘤免疫反应,但存在不同的缺点.结论:DC肿瘤疫苗展示了良好的应用前景,对临床免疫治疗将有着积极的作用,但仍有待于进一步深入研究. 相似文献
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肿瘤疫苗研究进展——利用异种细胞及异种基因进行肿瘤免疫治疗及基因治疗 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
魏于全 《中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志》1999,6(3)
肿瘤免疫基因治疗是肿瘤生物治疗研究的热点之一,如用各种肿瘤疫苗包括肿瘤细胞疫苗活体重组疫苗、肽疫苗、树突状细胞疫苗以及DNA疫苗等,用来诱导机体抗肿瘤之反应.然而研制这些疫苗目前仍存在着一些问题,如大部分肿瘤特异性抗原仍不清楚,机体对自身抗原免疫耐受,缺乏有效的抗原递呈等.因此有必要探索肿瘤免疫或基因治疗的新途径.在正常情况下,机体对自身抗原不产生免疫应答,即自身耐受性,但当机体内隐蔽抗原释放、生物、物理化学因素使自身抗原改变等可导致自身免疫形成,同时通过多种途径作用于靶抗原所在组织及细胞,造成相应器官的病理性损伤和功能障碍. 相似文献
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赛克 《中国神经肿瘤杂志》2010,(4):290-292
杜克大学脑肿瘤中心始建于1937年,是全美乃至全球最先开展神经肿瘤诊疗与科研的单位之一。在70多年的历史当中,杜克大学脑肿瘤中心取得令人瞩目的成绩。目前,中心在Darell D.Bigner教授的领导下,杜克脑肿瘤中心正在向着旨在通过多学科合作,改善神经肿瘤患者的预后及生存质量的目标前进。 相似文献
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《Expert review of anticancer therapy》2013,13(8):941-954
The classification of invasive breast carcinoma assists diagnosis, allows for comparison of different patient groups in clinical trials and facilitates epidemiological analysis. For the individual patient, accurate tumor classification informs clinical decision-making with emphasis on assessment of prognosis and treatment formulation. Tumor grade is an independent prognostic indicator and is calculated by assessing specific tumor characteristics microscopically. The Tumor Node Metastasis staging system, produced by the American Joint Committee on Cancer Union for International Cancer Control, combines information about the primary tumor size, the status of the regional lymph nodes and the presence or absence of distant metastases at diagnosis to classify disease. In recent years, the use of gene expression profiling technology has led to the development of the molecular classification of breast cancer and has highlighted the importance of hormone receptor and HER2 oncogenic pathways, with particular reference to targeted chemotherapy. Tumor typing involves the identification of ‘no special type’ carcinoma with variable clinical, histological and molecular characteristics and ‘special type’ carcinomas that are usually associated with a particular set of prognostic and predictive indices. Some special type carcinomas have unique biological features that influence diagnostic investigation and clinical management. 相似文献
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Armstrong TS Vera-Bolanos E Gning I Acquaye A Gilbert MR Cleeland C Mendoza T 《Cancer》2011,117(14):3222-3228
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Tumor grade, age, extent of resection, and performance status are established prognostic factors for survival in primary brain tumor (PBT) patients. Development of disease‐related symptoms is predictive of tumor recurrence in other cancers but has not been reported in the PBT population.METHODS:
A cross‐sectional sample of 294 PBT patients participated. Progression was based on the radiologist report of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The relation of clinical variables (age, extent of resection, tumor grade, and Karnofsky performance status [KPS]) and MD Anderson Symptom Inventory‐Brain Tumor Module (MDASI‐BT) mean symptom and interference subscales with progression was examined using logistic regression.RESULTS:
The study enrolled more men (60%, n = 175); median age was 46 years. The majority had less than a gross total resection (n = 186, 64%), and a good KPS (KPS ≥ 90) (N = 208). The majority had a grade 3 or 4 tumor (n = 199) and 24% of patients had recurrence. Tumor grade and activity‐related interference were significantly related to progression. Patients with tumor grade 4 were 2.4 times more likely to have recurrence (95% CI, 1.2‐5.; P < .015). Patients with significant (ratings of ≥5) activity‐related interference were 3.8 times more likely to have recurrence (95% CI, 2.14‐6.80; P < .001). Mean activity‐related score was 4.8 for those with progression on MRI and 2.2 for those with stable disease.CONCLUSIONS:
Significant activity‐related interference and tumor grade were associated with recurrence but not KPS, age, or extent of resection. These results provide preliminary support for the use of symptom interference in assessment of disease status. Because the authors used a cross‐sectional sample, future studies evaluating change over time are needed. Cancer 2011. © 2011 American Cancer Society. 相似文献17.
肿瘤型丙酮酸激酶是近年来发现的一种新型肿瘤标志物,在消化道肿瘤早期诊断、疗效监测等方面的应用价值已得到证实。本文就其在结直肠癌的早期筛查、动态监测等方面的临床应用价值做一综述。 相似文献
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恶性肿瘤的治疗已进入“精准治疗”时代,抗肿瘤血管生成的靶向治疗是近年非常热门的研究方向,而肿瘤免疫逃逸是导致肿瘤治疗效果不理想的重要原因之一。抗血管生成治疗不仅能够抑制血管生成,使肿瘤退缩,并且能够减少肿瘤微环境中免疫抑制性细胞数量,提高肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞(tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte ,TIL)、细胞毒性淋巴细胞(cytotoxic lymphocyte,CTL)等的数量,从而克服肿瘤免疫逃逸。本研究对抗血管生成药物通过改善肿瘤微环境,增强机体抗肿瘤免疫功能进行综述。 相似文献