西安市唐代遗址出土人颅骨标本的龋病研究

调查唐代遗址出土的人颅骨标本的龋病流行状况,为认识龋病在人类进化过程中的演化规律提供相关依据.方法同一研究者采用同样的判断标准,观察并记录了西安市长安区唐代遗址出土的62具人颅骨全部631颗牙齿(均为恒牙)的龋病状况.计算了总患龋率及不同年龄组、不同性别组、不同牙位组研究对象的患龋率,并对不同研究对象患龋率的差异进行统计学分析.结果本组共有39例标本患龋,患龋率为62.9%,龋齿率为14.6%.从龋患在牙面上的分布看,牙根面(颈部)龋最多,占全部龋患牙面的33.3%;其次为(牙合)面龋,占28.7%.从龋患在牙位上的分布看,龋齿率:第三磨牙>第二磨牙>第一磨牙.不同年龄组中男性与女性的龋齿率及总体龋齿率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论龋病在唐代已相当普遍,但其患龋率低于现代人.龋病患病率随着人类进化及社会生产力的提高而不断增高.     

逊克县1398名中小学生龋病情况调查

本文对1398名中小学生龋病情况进行了调查,现将结果报告如下:一、对象与方法1.对象:县直小学生526名,初中生520名,高     

686名蒙古族成人龋病患病调查分析

６８６名蒙古族成人龋病患病调查分析新疆库尔勒巴州人民医院口腔科杨振虎卫生防疫站管辉勇我州是蒙古族自治州，有蒙古族４．４万余人，多聚居于巴音布鲁克草原．为了摸清龋病患病状况，以便防治，现报道如下：调查方法及标准１调查方法：我们采用随机整群抽样的方法，重...     

四川省凉山彝族自治州彝汉民族3 439名残疾人龋病患病情况调查

目的 了解四川省凉山彝族自治州（凉山州）彝汉民族残疾人群患龋情况,为制定残疾人龋病防治规划提供依据。方法 根据 WHO《口腔健康调查基本方法》,并结合第三次全国口腔健康流行病学抽样调查方案,采用分层、多阶段、整群抽样方法,对四川省凉山州一市（西昌市）、三县（布拖县、木里藏族自治县、会理县）46个乡、镇、街道办事处的残疾人进行龋病流行病学调查。结果 调查凉山州彝汉民族残疾人 3 439人,其中男性 2 085人,女性 1 354人;城市 815人,乡村 2 624人;汉族 2 177人,彝族 1 262人。凉山州彝汉民族残疾人的恒牙患龋率为87.1%,龋均为 9.53。彝、汉民族残疾人的患龋率、龋均分别为 85.8%、9.93;87.9%、9.29。两民族间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。龋齿充填率极低,仅为0.2%。结论 四川省凉山州彝汉民族残疾人的恒牙患龋率较高,对残疾人这一特殊社会群体的口腔健康状况应给予更多关爱。     

2390名小学生龋病调查

目的了解小学生龋齿患病情况,更好地开展口腔卫生保健。方法辖区4所小学学生2 390人,由经过培训的牙科医生采用口内直视法进行检查。结果患龋率为37.62%,女生患龋率高于男生。龋齿治疗率仅为4.48%,恒牙龋治疗率高于乳牙龋。结论学生及家长对龋病危害认识不足,口腔卫生保健应从小抓起,要提倡正确的刷牙方法,学校应定期开展普查普治工作,早期发现龋齿,以利及时治疗。     

大连市1087名学龄前儿童乳牙龋病发病情况的调查

关于龋病的发病情况国内多有报导,而对儿童乳牙龋病的发病情况的报导为数不多。本调查旨在说明儿童乳牙龋病的发病率有上升的趋势,以期引起对乳牙龋病预防和治疗的重视。我们于1987年随机抽样对大连市内三个区     

北京市正畸咨询患者龋齿患病情况的调查

在正畸治疗过程中,口腔卫生状况及龋齿患病情况都在很大程度上影响正畸的效果及疗程。本研究调查北京市正畸咨询患者龋齿患病情况,旨在有针对性的指导及监督正畸患者养成良好的口腔卫生习惯。 1.研究对象和方法 随机抽取2001年暑假北京大学口腔医学院正畸咨询患者554人,2002年寒假咨询患者870人,(其中男552人,女872人),平均年龄15.3岁,12岁为高峰。 在自然光线下进行口内直视检查龋坏情况,统一使用     

南海市793名学龄前儿童龋病调查

目的 了解南海市学龄前儿童乳牙龋齿的患病及治疗情况。方法 对793名学龄前儿童进行口腔检查,并对结果进行统计分析。结果 乳牙的患龋率为53.85％,龋均为1.88。乳牙充填率为12.96％。结论 本市学龄前儿童患龋情况较严重,充填率低,幼儿口腔预防保健工作需加强。     

惠州市1163名小学生龋病调查

目的了解惠州市7~13岁儿童的患龋情况,为进一步开展预防工作提供指导。方法参照世界卫生组织关于龋病、牙周疾病的调查标准对惠州市某小学学生龋病状况进行调查。结果受检儿童患龋率为47.64%,其中8、9、10岁年龄组儿童的患龋率、受检者龋均较高;第一恒磨牙(六龄牙)龋坏率随年龄增长而增加;龋齿充填率为7.40%;乳牙以上、下颌IV、V龋坏最多,下颌多于上颌。恒牙以上、下颌六龄牙龋坏最多,下颌多于上颌。结论普及防龋知识,降低患龋率,提高充填率是我市龋病防治工作的重点。     

Dental caries experience among kindergarten school going children of,India

ObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of dental caries in the primary dentition of kindergarten school children of Udaipur city Rajasthan in a cross sectional study design.Materials and methodsStudy population comprised of around 355 children aged 3–6 years old randomly selected from 10 kindergarten schools in Udaipur city from all preselected five zones. Dental caries was recorded using the decayed, missing, filled teeth [dmf-t] index and the decayed, missing, filled surfaces [dmf-s] index according to WHO 1997 standards.ResultsSeventy-nine point one five percent are caries free individuals while 20.85% are individuals having caries. The mean dt scores for the age group six is found to be highest with 0.45 (0.86) and least for the age group of four with 0.28 (0.74). Sixty-five point six three percent of the subjects brushed their teeth by themselves while 34.37% do it with the help of their mothers.ConclusionDental caries prevalence and severity is low among the students.     

武汉市6～8岁儿童龋病及第一恒磨牙窝沟形态调查研究

目的调查武汉市6～8岁儿童龋病和第一恒磨牙窝沟形态情况,为儿童患龋风险评估和龋病预防政策的制定提供理论依据。方法选取武汉市区5所小学二年级学生,共检查1043名儿童,平均年龄7.6岁。由两名口腔医师检查龋病和第一恒磨牙窝沟形态。其中,龋指数采用改良世界卫生组织标准,使用单因素方差分析和t检验进行统计学分析。结果恒牙D3水平的患龋率为8.7%,乳牙d3水平的患龋率为68.7%。恒牙龋均和龋面均分别为0.11和0.14,乳牙龋均和龋面均分别为2.8和5.0。其中乳牙龋指数d3占d3mft的73.6%,而乳牙早期釉质龋牙数占乳牙d2水平牙数的36.4%。中窝沟和深窝沟第一恒磨牙的儿童占总受检人数的84.6%。结论武汉市6～8岁儿童的乳牙患龋率高,第一恒磨牙中度和深度窝沟比例较高,因此应对高患龋风险的儿童进行窝沟封闭等预防措施。     

2010年大连市沙河口区小学生龋齿患病情况调查分析

目的　调查大连市沙河口区小学生恒牙患龋情况,为大连市口腔卫生防治工作提供参考依据。方法　按WHO龋齿诊断调查标准对大连市沙河口区26 121名小学生龋齿情况进行调查。采用SPSS 10.0统计软件进行统计分析。结果　在26 121名受检者中,患龋率为8.35%,龋均为0.1323,女性患龋率高于男性。结论　患龋率明显低于10年前,龋齿充填率较高,仍要加大预防力度,降低龋齿发生率。     

Distribution and prevalence of dental caries in Bauru, Brazil, 1976-2006

AIMS: To compare caries prevalence and severity, as well as the disease distribution in the permanent dentition of 12-year-old schoolchildren in Bauru, Brazil, from 1976 to 2006. METHODS: Probabilistic samples were obtained in six surveys, from 1976 to 2006, which were conducted by calibrated examiners, following the same protocol. For data analysis, the DMFT (decayed, missing and filled teeth), Significant Caries Index (SiC Index), percentage of caries-free children, Gini Coefficient and Care Index were determined. RESULTS: The means (SD) for DMFT were 9.89 (3.96), 6.98 (3.80), 4.30 (3.11), 4.29(3.44), 1.53(2.07), and 0.90(1.53) in 1976, 1984, 1990, 1995, 2001 and 2006, respectively. Except for years 1990 and 1995 and also for 2001 and 2006, there were statistically significant differences in mean DMFT among the surveys (p < 0.05). The number of caries-free children (DMFT=0), which has significantly increased over the years (p < 0.001), ranged from 0.4% in 1976 to 63.8% in 2006. The SiC Indexes were 14.34, 11.42, 7.74, 8.06, 3.89, and 2.63; the Care Index were 31.9%, 57.4%, 68.7%, 50.5%, 66.4%, and 56.3%; and the Gini Coefficients were 0.23, 0.30, 0.39, 0.43, 0.66, and 0.76 in the surveys. CONCLUSION: Dental caries experience and prevalence in 12-year-old schoolchildren have declined significantly during the last 30 years in Bauru.     

山东省桓台县中学生口腔健康状况调查

目的 调查山东省桓台县中学生的口腔健康状况,探讨中学生口腔疾病患病特点,为龋病、错((牙合))畸形的防治提供依据.方法 采取世界卫生组织口腔健康调查方法并参考第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方案,对桓台县城区所有中学生共中15 893人的口腔健康状况进行普查,检查项目包括冠龋、错((牙合))畸形情况.结果 桓台县中学生恒牙患龋率为 30.58%,龋均为0.69,女生患龋率、龋均高于男生,15～18岁年龄组高于12～14岁年龄组,其中第一、二磨牙龋分别占恒牙龋的53.12%、41.32%.错((牙合))畸形率为60.22%,安氏错牙台畸形构成比为安氏Ⅰ类76.84%、安氏Ⅱ类12.81%、安氏Ⅲ类10.35%.结论 桓台县中学生龋病及错((牙合))畸形发病率较高,应加强口腔健康教育,提高中学生的口腔保健意识.     

Descriptive study of dental injury incurred by junior high school and high school students during participation in school sports clubs

Aim: Students often injure their teeth during participation in school-based sports clubs. This study examined the frequencies and types of dental injuries sustained at school sports clubs and compared the risk of dental injury among different sports. Methods: Based on injury statistics from the Japan Sport Council of the junior high schools and high schools in seven prefectures during fiscal year 2006, the risk of dental injury was estimated using a rate ratio (RR) by calculating the ratio of occurrence of dental injury under various circumstances. Results: The RRs of exercise-related dental injury for boys and girls in junior high school were 0.7 (P < 0.001) and 1.3 (P < 0.05), respectively, and for those in high school were 2.6 (P < 0.001) and 2.7 (P < 0.001), respectively. In junior high school, softball (RR = 7.7) for boys and handball (RR = 3.9) for girls commonly led to dental injuries. In high school, Japanese-style wrestling (RR = 18.5) and rugby (RR = 7.3) for boys and handball (RR = 6.5) for girls had high risks for dental injury. Crown fracture was the predominant dental injury among boys and girls attending both junior high school and high school. The proportion of alveolar fracture was higher in school sports clubs than outside school sports clubs among high school boys. Contact or limited-contact sports had significantly higher risks for dental injuries than did noncontact sports. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that teachers and administrators at schools should pay attention to the risk of dental injury among students participating in high-risk sports.Key words: Dental injury, school sports club, high school students, junior high school students     

第一恒磨牙患龋与乳磨牙患龋相关性的研究

目的 探讨6～10岁儿童第一恒磨牙患龋与乳磨牙患龋的相关性,以期为临床提供参考.方法 采用整群、分层、随机抽样的方法,抽取济南市10个区(县)40所小学,对6 ～ 10岁符合纳入标准的3680名儿童进行患龋情况调查,并分析第一恒磨牙患龋率与年龄、性别及乳磨牙患龋之间的相关性,对第一恒磨牙龋失补牙数(decayed-missed-filled teeth,DMFT)、龋失补牙面数(decayed-missed-filled surfaces,DMFS)及乳磨牙龋失补牙数(decayed-missed-filled teeth,dmft)、龋失补牙面数(decayed-missed-filled surfaces,dmfs)进行相关分析.结果 6～10岁第一恒磨牙DMFT为1440,龋均0.39(1440/3680);患龋率20.7％ (763/3680),女性患龋率[28.9％ (509/1762)]显著高于男性[13.2％ (254/1918)] (P ＜0.01);第一恒磨牙患龋率随年龄增长呈上升趋势.第一恒磨牙DMFT与乳牙dmft呈显著正相关关系(r=0.31,P＜0.01),DMFS与dmfs呈显著正相关(r=0.35,P＜0.01).当dmft＞3、dmfs＞ 19时第一恒磨牙患龋率成倍增长.结论 第一恒磨牙患龋率与性别、年龄及乳磨牙患龋指数有关,对乳磨牙高龋患者应早期对第一恒磨牙采取必要的防龋措施.     

Dental caries experience and availability of sugars in Iraqi children before and after the United Nations sanctions

OBJECTIVE: To assess the changes in levels of sugar consumption and concommitant dental caries experience in Iraqi children in relation to United Nations Sanctions (UNS) on Iraq. METHODS: Before and after UNS a selection of a random sample of school children aged 6-7, 11-12 and 14-15 years of two urban socio-economic groups (Urban 1 and Urban 2) and seven rural communities was done. A total sample of 3,015 and 2,977 individuals were dentally examined before and after UNS, using the WHO dmft/DMFT indices. RESULTS: Sugar consumption dropped from 50 kg/person/year before UNS to 12 kg/person/year after UNS. The dmft for 6-7 year old Urban 1 and Urban 2 children was respectively 6.5 and 8.8 before and 3.3 and 4.6 after UNS. For 6-7-year-old rural children the dmft was 1.9 before and 0.7 after UNS. For 11-12-year-old Urban 1 and Urban 2 children the respective DMFT was 5.4 and 8.7 before and 2.5 and 2.9 after UNS. The DMFT levels for 11-12-year-old rural children were 1.3 before and 0.5 after UNS. For 14-15-year-old children the DMFT for Urban 1 and Urban 2 children was 5.9 and 10.7 before and 2.7 and 2.9 after UNS, whereas in 14-15-year-old rural children it was 1.8 before and 0.9 after UNS. CONCLUSIONS: Reductions in sugar availability due to sanctions was related to marked caries reductions in Iraqi children over a 5 year period.