超声引导微波消融结合门静脉灌注对肝癌门静脉癌栓的预防价值

目的:探讨超声引导经皮微波消融结合门静脉灌注化疗对肝癌门静脉癌栓的预防作用。方法:78例未形成门静脉癌栓的原发性肝癌患者,采用微波消融结合门静脉灌注化疗治疗。治疗后定期对所有患者进行肝癌血清学指标甲胎蛋白(AFP)检测,超声或CT检查肿瘤新生结节及门静脉癌栓形成情况,并随访患者复发率及生存率。结果:78例患者0.5、1、2、3年复发率分别为5.12%、11.53%、20.51%、35.90%,生存率分别为97.43%、94.87%、75.64%、39.74%,3年间无一例门静脉癌栓发生。结论:超声引导经皮微波消融联合门静脉灌注化疗治疗肝癌疗效明显并可延长患者生存期,对门静脉癌栓的形成有一定的预防作用。     

人工液胸辅助超声引导微波消融治疗肝癌的临床应用价值

 目的 探讨人工液胸在辅助超声引导经皮微波消融治疗近膈顶肝癌的临床应用价值。方法 回顾性研究2011-01至2013-12行人工液胸操作辅助超声引导微波消融治疗肝癌的患者115例临床资料,年龄35～82岁,对人工液胸操作的可行性、有效性和安全性指标进行评估。结果 人工液胸操作成功率97.4%(112/115),滴注的生理盐水量为500～1500 ml,平均(962.9±219.4)ml。操作成功的112例患者中110例完成了肝癌的超声引导微波消融治疗,操作有效率98.2%。本组病例术中和术后未出现与人工液胸操作有关的严重并发症,轻微并发症包括疼痛、咳嗽等。结论 人工液胸技术具有良好的可行性,可以安全有效地用于辅助超声引导经皮微波消融治疗近膈顶肝癌,扩大了适应证范围。     

超声引导下经皮微波消融与冷冻消融治疗高风险部位肝癌的对照研究

目的：比较超声引导下经皮微波消融与冷冻消融治疗高风险部位肝癌的临床结局及术后并发症,并分析影响预后和术后复发的因素。 方法：选取2014年4月至2018年3月广州复大肿瘤医院收治的120例高风险部位肝癌患者,其中64例接受微波消融治疗（微波组）,56例接受冷冻消融治疗（冷冻组）。比较两组的治疗结局,主要包括生存、复发及术后并发症。用Cox回归模型分析预后和术后复发的影响因素。 结果：微波消融组1、3、5年总生存率分别为85.8%、63.5%、63.5%,冷冻消融组为92.0%、87.4%、74.9%,两组差异无统计学意义（P=0.141）。微波消融组1、3、5年无复发生存率分别为77.8%、49.0%、49.0%,冷冻消融组分别为81.4%、58.5%、46.8%,两组差异无统计学意义（P=0.469）。微波消融组的3、6、9、12个月的局部进展率分别为3.1%、6.3%、9.4%、15.9%,高于冷冻消融组（分别为0%、0%、3.7%、19.0%）,差异有统计学意义（P=0.003）。微波组的主要和次要并发症发生率（分别为6.3%、82.8%）均高于冷冻组（分别为0%、32.1%）,差异有统计学意义。年龄≥65岁,直径3~5 cm及Child-Pugh分级B级是肝癌术后预后较差的危险因素;直径3~5 cm、多个肿瘤以及多次消融是消融术后复发的危险因素。 结论：冷冻消融治疗高风险部位的肝癌具有与微波消融接近的生存结局,但具有更好的局部肿瘤控制率及更少的并发症,适合在临床中推广应用。     

完全性胸腹腔内脏反位合并原发性肝癌行经皮微波消融治疗4例

目的 探讨完全性胸、腹腔内脏反位合并原发性肝癌行经皮微波消融(MWA)治疗的安全性及有效性.方法 2013年1月—2014年9月,对4例完全性内脏反位合并原发性肝癌行超声引导下经皮MWA治疗,在B型超声引导下,于左侧肋间进针,插入消融针至肿瘤体内,微波输出功率80～100W,消融时间为2～5 min,完成手术.结果 4例手术均顺利,2例因肿瘤＞3 cm,采用2根消融针行多点热消融.肿瘤均完全热消融,术中、术后患者生命体征平稳,无不适主诉.无近期并发症,无一例发生消融相关死亡,4例分别随访12、18、19、28个月,均存活.结论 超声引导下经皮MWA治疗完全性内脏反位合并原发性肝癌安全、有效.     

肝动脉化疗栓塞联合经皮微波消融治疗中晚期肝癌的疗效评价

目的评价肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)联合经皮微波消融(microwave ablation)治疗中晚期肝癌的疗效及价值。资料与方法 68例中晚期肝癌患者,联合组37例先行TACE,再行微波消融治疗,对照组31例仅应用TACE治疗,全部病例于治疗前后行超声及动态增强CT或超声造影检查,观察患者肿瘤病灶大小变化及血流信号情况,同时检测治疗前后甲胎蛋白水平变化并随访患者生存率。结果联合治疗组部分缓解(PR)10例,稳定(SD)18例,进展(PD)9例,对照组PR 5例,SD 14例,PD 12例;联合治疗组在肿瘤血流信号消失、生存期及甲胎蛋白水平变化方面均优于对照组,其6个月、12个月、24个月生存率分别为100%、94.6%、78.4%,明显高于对照组的90.3%、74.2%、54.8%;Kaplan-Meier生存分析显示,联合治疗组的生存时间较对照组延长,差异有统计学意义。结论 TACE联合微波消融治疗中晚期肝癌具有协同作用,疗效明显并可延长患者生存期,是一种有效的微创综合治疗方法。     

超声引导经皮微波消融治疗肾上腺肿瘤

目的观察超声引导经皮微波消融治疗肾上腺肿瘤的安全性和临床疗效。资料与方法 9例肾上腺肿瘤患者(9个病灶),其中肾上腺转移癌5例,肾上腺嗜咯细胞瘤1例,肾上腺非功能性腺瘤3例。肿瘤直径2.0～4.5cm。治疗时在超声引导下将水冷式微波天线置入肿瘤内,肿瘤直径<2cm者使用一根微波天线,肿瘤直径>2cm者使用2根微波天线。邻近肠道的肾上腺肿瘤,在微波辐射时瘤周测温,保持治疗温度<54℃,同时辅以瘤周无水乙醇注射(5～8ml)以增强疗效。微波消融后3d内行超声造影观察有无残存肿瘤,造影无肿瘤残存者于治疗后第1、3个月,随后每3～4个月行增强CT/MR评价肿瘤的治疗效果。结果 8例病灶在1次消融后完全坏死,1例病灶在2次消融后完全坏死,微波消融无严重并发症出现,随访期内未发生肿瘤局部复发。结论超声引导经皮微波消融肾上腺肿瘤安全有效、副作用小,是治疗局限性肾上腺肿瘤的有效方法。     

超声引导联合CT监视在特殊部位肝癌射频治疗中的应用价值

目的探讨超声引导联合CT监视在特殊部位肝癌射频治疗中的应用价值。方法采用超声引导联合CT监视经皮射频治疗45例(75个病灶)特殊部位肝癌患者。统计消融术中、术后的并发症情况。1个月后复查CT、MRI资料,观察病灶的消融情况。结果消融术中无严重并发症,15例(33.3%)术后出现一过性发热;16例(35.6%)出现腹痛;3例顽固性咯呃逆;6例(13.3%)出现恶心。射频治疗后1个月随访显示,邻近膈肌13个病灶,其中病灶完全消融12个(92.31%);邻近胆囊8个病灶,完全消融6个(75%);邻近肠管5个病灶,完全消融5个(100%);邻近大血管9个病灶,其中病灶完全消融8个(88.89%),邻近胆管14个,其中病灶完全消融13个(92.86%)。45例患者仅1例靠近胆囊患者出现肝内肿瘤新生,无一例出现肝外转移。结论超声引导联合CT监视射频治疗特殊部位肝癌疗效满意,并发症发生率低,值得临床推广。     

经皮射频消融治疗巨大肝癌

目的总结冷循环射频消融(RFA)治疗巨大肝癌的临床疗效和经验。方法采用CT引导下经皮穿刺冷循环RFA治疗巨大肝癌24例,每个病灶进行射频消融1～4次,其中22例患者结合1～6次TACE治疗,术后通过增强CT或MR评价疗效,所有病例随访12～37个月。结果10例病灶完全坏死,余14例病灶大部分坏死,1年生存率83%,中位生存时间20个月,13例患者现仍存活。结论CT引导下经皮穿刺冷循环RFA治疗巨大肝癌安全、有效。     

超声引导下经皮射频消融治疗中晚期肝癌的临床研究

目的评价B超引导下冷循环射频肿瘤治疗仪射频消融(RFA)治疗中晚期肝癌的临床疗效及并发症。方法采用超声引导下经皮穿刺冷循环RFA治疗中晚期肝癌25例,其中转移性肝癌8例,原发性肝癌17例。每个病灶进行RFA1～2次。其中8例患者术前给予3次TACE治疗。术后通过增强CT扫描评价疗效。结果10个病灶完全坏死,余15个病灶大部分坏死。随访半年,25例患者现全部存活且生存质量明显提高。结论超声引导下经皮穿刺冷循环RFA治疗中晚期肝癌短期效果满意,值得推广。     

超声引导下经皮微波消融治疗膈顶部肝癌的疗效观察

目的探讨超声引导下经皮微波消融(MWA)治疗膈顶部肝肿瘤的疗效及应用价值。方法对2011年3月-2017年12月期间接受超声引导下MWA治疗的133例隔顶部肝癌患者(A组)及同期接受治疗的136例肝癌患者(B组)的临床资料进行回顾性分析,总结超声引导下经皮MWA治疗膈顶部肝肿瘤的技术路线、临床疗效及安全性。结果 MWA治疗后,A、B组的完全消融率分别为88.7%和95.6%,A组患者的完全消融率明显低于B组(P=0.036)。两组间严重并发症的发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。A组患者术后6个月、12个月无复发生存率分别为53.5%和39.0%,术后12个月、24个月、36个月生存率分别为80.8%、57.7%和50.3%。B组患者术后6个月、12个月无复发生存率分别为69.0%和57.8%,术后12个月、24个月、36个月生存率分别为92.1%、77.8%和71.9%。B组患者的无瘤生存率和总生存率明显高于A组,差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论尽管膈顶部肿瘤位置的特殊性影响MWA的治疗效果,且术后更易复发,但膈顶部肿瘤并非MWA的禁忌证,MWA仍是治疗膈顶部肝癌的一种安全有效的治疗方法。     

肝癌微波消融术后患者复发的危险因素分析

目的探讨胆囊切除对行肝癌微波消融（microwave ablation，MWA）患者预后的影响。 方法72例接受MWA治疗肝癌的患者，分为胆囊切除组（36例）和非胆囊切除组（36例），分析总生存率（overall survival，OS）和无进展生存率（progression free survival，PFS），比较胆囊切除组和非胆囊切除组的预后结果。采用单因素和多因素Cox分析评估总生存率和无进展生存率的潜在危险因素以及比较两组之间的预后。 结果本研究胆囊切除组纳入36例（50.00%），非胆囊切除组纳入36例（50.00%）。胆囊切除组中位OS为35.55个月（4.20～36.00个月），非胆囊切除组31.19个月（10.80～36.00个月） （P=0.894）。随访结束前，胆囊切除组和非胆囊切除组的死亡率分别为22.22%和22.22%。胆囊切除组1、2、3年累积总生存率分别为91.67%、79.91%、75.71%，非胆囊切除组分别为97.22%、88.72%和73.81%（P=0.97）。胆囊切除组中位PFS为7.67个月（1.68～32.30个月），非胆囊切除组为18.25个月（2.24～33.60个月） （P<0.01）。随访结束时，胆囊切除组和非胆囊切除组肝癌复发率分别为69.44%和91.67%，胆囊切除组1、2、3年累积无进展生存率分别为36.11%、16.67%、0.00%，非胆囊切除组分别为77.78%、46.89%和0.00%。非胆囊切除组的累积无进展生存率明显高于胆囊切除组（P<0.01）。多因素分析显示肿瘤数量为3（HR=18.91，95%CI：1.54～232.99，P=0.02）是与OS相关的独立危险因素。多因素分析显示胆囊切除术（HR=3.55，95%CI：1.74～7.26，P<0.01），肿瘤数量为2和3（HR=2.21，95%CI：1.10～4.42，P=0.02；HR=3.63，95%CI：1.26～10.45，P=0.02）和AFP≥400 ng/mL（HR=0.43，95%CI：0.19～0.98，P<0.05）是与PFS相关的独立危险因素。 结论肝细胞癌患者在MWA后行胆囊切除术后更易发生肝内复发，这可能与γ-GT水平升高有关，且复发率随时间增加而增加。     

Long-term Outcomes of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Who Underwent Microwave Ablation after Downstaging with Transarterial Chemoembolization to Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Stage A

PurposeTo compare the clinical results of microwave ablation (MWA) between patients downstaged to Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) Stage A with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and those initially classified as BCLC Stage A.Materials and MethodsFrom January 2012 to May 2017, 1,087 patients were reviewed retrospectively using propensity score matching (1:1): 86 patients underwent MWA as a curative treatment after downstaging to BCLC Stage A by TACE (downstaging group) and 86 patients initially classified as BCLC Stage A underwent MWA (control group). The overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) between the 2 groups were compared.ResultsThe 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 95.3%, 79.1%, and 58.1%, respectively, in the downstaging group and 93.0%, 81.4%, and 61.6%, respectively, in the control group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.75; 95% CI, 0.50–1.13; P = .162). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year DFS rates were 80.2%, 50.0%, and 24.4%, respectively, in the downstaging group and 77.9%, 52.3%, and 27.9%, respectively, in the control group (HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.76–1.53; P = .678). No significant differences were found in OS and DFS.ConclusionsThe long-term prognosis in patients with HCC who underwent MWA after downstaging to BCLC Stage A using TACE was similar to that in patients with initial BCLC Stage A.     

Comparison of radiofrequency and microwave ablation and identification of risk factors for primary treatment failure and local progression

PurposeTo compare percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and microwave ablation (MWA) for treatment of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to identify risk factors for treatment failure and local progression.Methods145 unique HCC [87 (60%) RFA, 58 (40%) MWA] were retrospectively reviewed from a single tertiary medical center. Adverse events were classified as severe, moderate, or mild according to the Society of Interventional Radiology Adverse Event Classification system. Primary and secondary efficacy, as well as local progression, were determined using mRECIST. Predictors of treatment failure and time to local progression were analyzed using generalized estimating equations and Cox regression, respectively.ResultsTechnical success was achieved in 143/145 (99%) HCC. There were 1 (0.7%) severe and 2 (1.4%) moderate adverse events. Of the 143 technically successful initial treatments, 136 (95%) completed at least one follow-up exam. Primary efficacy was achieved in 114/136 (84%). 9/22 (41%) primary failures underwent successful repeat ablation, so secondary efficacy was achieved in 128/136 (90%) HCC. Local progression occurred in 24 (19%) HCC at a median of 25 months (95% CI = 19–32 months). There was no difference in technical success, primary efficacy, or time to local progression between RFA and MWA. In HCC treated with MWA, same-day biopsy was associated with primary failure (RR = 9.0, 95% CI: 1.7–47, P = 0.015), and proximity to the diaphragm or gastrointestinal tract was associated with local progression (HR = 2.40, 95% CI:1.5–80, P = 0.017).ConclusionThere was no significant difference in primary efficacy or time to local progression between percutaneous RFA and MWA.     

Needle track seeding after percutaneous microwave ablation of malignant liver tumors under ultrasound guidance: analysis of 14-year experience with 1462 patients at a single center

Objective

To determine the incidence and risk factors associated with needle tract seeding after percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA) of liver cancer under ultrasound guidance.

Materials and methods

Over a 14-year period, a total of 1462 patients with 2530 malignant nodules were treated by MWA. The influence of age, sex, Child-pugh classification, tumor size, tumor position, previous biopsy, insertion number and antenna type on the risk of neoplastic seeding was assessed. The survival of seeding patients after the MWA was analyzed.

Results

Eleven patients with 12 nodules (0.47% per tumor, 0.75% per patient) were identified with needle tract seeding with an interval time of 6–37 (median 10) months after MWA. The mean size of the seeding nodule was 2.3 ± 0.7 cm (from 1.3 to 3.9 cm). Only previous biopsy was significantly associated with neoplastic seeding (P = 0.02). All the seeding lesions were successfully treated by resection, MWA, radiation or high intensity focus ultrasound. The median survival period of the 11 patients after the MWA was 36.0 months. The cumulative survival rates of the 11 patients after the MWA at 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- and 5-year were 90.9%, 72.7%, 62.3%, 31.2% and 15.6%, respectively.

Conclusion

The results showed that the neoplastic seeding was a low risk complication of percutaneous MWA of liver cancer and was considered acceptable in general.     

Comparison of ultrasonography-guided percutaneous microwave ablation for subcapsular and nonsubcapsular hepatocellular carcinoma

PurposeTo compare the prognosis of subcapsular and nonsubcapsular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after ultrasonography (US)-guided percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA).Materials and methodsFrom January 2012 to December 2015, 463 enrollment patients (382 men, 81 women; age range, 24–95 years) with a single HCC underwent US-guided percutaneous MWA. The patients were divided into two groups according to tumor location: subcapsular (n = 224) and nonsubcapsular (n = 239). Therapeutic efficacy was assessed by contrast enhanced imaging after MWA. The technique effectiveness rate, the local tumor progression (LTP) rate, overall survival (OS) rate and complication were compared between two groups.ResultsThere were no significant differences in the mean treatment sessions (p = 0.105) and the mean number of antenna insertions (p = 0.065) between two groups. No significant difference in the technique effectiveness rate was found between subcapsular and nonsubcapsular tumors (95.5% vs 98.3%, p = 0.089). The respective 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-year cumulative LTP rates were 5.0%, 5.5%, 5.5% and 5.5% in subcapsular group and 6.4%, 6.4%, 6.4% and 6.4% in nonsubcapsular group, respectively(p = 0.861). The 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-year OS rates were estimated to be 95.7%, 90.1%, 82.9%, and 71.1% in subcapsular group and 98.5%, 92.8%, 83.2%, and 73.6% in nonsubcapsular group, respectively (p = 0.426). There was no significant difference in major complication rates between the subcapsular group (2.2%) and nonsubcapsular group (1.3%) (p = 0.653). There was higher postoperative pain rate in subcapsular group (13.4%) than nonsubcapsular group (7.1%) (p = 0.025).ConclusionsThere were no significant differences in the technique effectiveness rate, cumulative LTP rate, OS rate and major complication rate between subcapsular and nonsubcapsular group after MWA for HCC.     

A Meta-Analysis of Clinical Outcomes After Radiofrequency Ablation and Microwave Ablation for Lung Cancer and Pulmonary Metastases

Purpose

We conducted a meta-analysis assessing clinical outcomes of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and microwave ablation (MWA) for treating lung cancer.

射频消融术治疗结直肠癌肝转移瘤的疗效及影响因素分析

目的:探索射频消融术（RFA）治疗结直肠癌肝转移瘤（CRLM）的疗效和影响因素。方法:回顾性分析浙江大学医学院附属邵逸夫医院2009年12月至2020年12月接受经皮RFA治疗的281例患者（477个肝内转移肿瘤灶）的临床及影像资料,并记录可能影响RFA疗效的因素,包括癌胚抗原（CEA）、分化、肝外转移情况、肿瘤位置和...     

术前临床因素预测pⅢA-N2非小细胞肺癌术后放疗获益人群的研究

目的分析病理分期为ⅢA-N2（pⅢA-N2）的非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者行手术+辅助化疗后,加或不加术后放疗（PORT）的疗效,从术前临床因素中筛选能从PORT中获益的亚组人群。方法回顾性分析2006年1月至2015年12月行根治性手术的pⅢA-N2 NSCLC患者804例。其中,PORT组患者276例,单纯化疗组528例。通过增强CT或者PET/CT获取准确的临床淋巴结分期。CT上淋巴结短径≥10 mm或者PET/CT上淋巴结SUV>2.5定义为转移淋巴结。PORT使用三维适形或调强放疗技术,计划靶体积的设计处方剂量为50~60 Gy,剂量分割为1.8~2.2 Gy/次。采用Log Rank法进行单因素预后分析,Cox回归进行多因素预后分析及亚组分析,通过Kaplan-Meier法和Log Rank检验评估PORT对总生存（OS）、无病生存（DFS）、无局部区域复发生存（LRFS）和无远处转移生存（DMFS）的影响,并进行亚组分析。结果全组患者的中位随访时间为32.07个月。2年、5年OS分别为82.1%、54.5%,中位DFS为19.84个月,中位LRFS为120.31个月,中位DMFS为30.52个月。行PORT显著改善了OS（χ2=5.253,P=0.022）、DFS（χ2=18.397,P < 0.001）、LRFS（χ2=15.358,P < 0.001）和DMFS（χ2=6.434,P=0.011）,且差异均有统计学意义。单因素分析结果显示,男性、年龄≥60岁、术前T分期增加、术前N分期为N1~N2、病理类型为非鳞癌非腺癌、化疗周期为1~2、未行PORT是显著影响OS的不良预后因素。多因素分析结果显示性别、年龄、术前N分期、病理类型、是否PORT为OS相关的独立预后因素;行PORT有OS获益的亚组分别为男性（HR:0.697,95% CI:0.513~0.947,P=0.021）、吸烟（HR:0.648,95% CI:0.464~0.905,P=0.011）、术前N分期为N1~N2（HR:0.640,95% CI:0.465~0.881,P=0.006）、临床分期为Ⅲ期（HR:0.688,95% CI:0.484~0.980,P=0.038）以及病理类型为腺癌（HR:0.726,95% CI:0.527~0.999,P=0.049）的患者。结论PORT能改善全组患者的OS、DFS、LRFS和DMFS。部分术前临床因素具有预测PORT后有OS获益的亚组人群的价值,包括男性、吸烟、术前N分期为N1~N2、临床分期为Ⅲ期以及病理类型为腺癌的患者。