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目的探讨颅内压(ICP)下降所致眼颅压力梯度(TLPD)增大与视盘血流密度改变的相关关系。
方法前瞻性病例对照研究。收集2018年9月至2018年12月北京同仁医院神经内科行腰椎穿刺(LP)收集脑脊液后ICP降低的患者20例(26只眼)为实验组。其中,男性8例(12只眼),女性12例(14只眼);年龄23~61岁,平均年龄(41.7±2.8)岁;收集健康志愿者13例(26只眼)为对照组。其中,男性5例(10只眼),女性8例(16只眼);年龄21~62岁,年龄(46.9±2.7)岁。检测实验组患者的眼内压(IOP)、ICP、脑脊液压力(CSFP)、TLPD、眼灌注压(OPP)及血压;检测对照组健康志愿者的IOP、OPP及血压;根据CSFP计算ICP下降程度(CSFP)。实验组,根据CSFP分为亚组A(15 mmH2O2O,6只眼)、亚组B(30 mmH2O2O,5只眼)及亚组C(CSFP >45 mmH2O,15只眼)等三个亚组。实验组患者记录脑脊液初压与末压,并于LP前和LP后15 min进行眼底相干光层析血管成像(OCTA)检查,测量视盘区血流密度;对照组,检查其在与LP患者相同体位改变前后的视盘区血流密度。应用配对t检验分别评估两组组内IOP、血压、OPP及视盘区血流密度变化情况和实验组各亚组内视盘区血流密度在不同程度ICP改变后的变化情况。
结果对照组在体位改变后IOP、OPP、视盘区及各象限血流密度均未发现明显改变,差异无统计学意义(t=0.061,-0.361;P>0.05)。实验组LP后ICP由(11.8±2.2)mmHg下降至(7.8±2.0)mmHg,差异有统计学意义(t=13.061,P<0.05);TLPD由(5.2±3.2)mmHg升高至(9.3±2.9)mmHg,差异有统计学意义(t=-8.621, P<0.05);视盘内、视盘周及视盘周毛细血管血流密度均明显下降,差异有统计学意义(t=2.502, 3.848, 3.389;P<0.05)。在ICP下降超过45 mmH2O时,视盘周平均血流密度及视盘周毛细血管血流密度改变最明显,差异有统计学意义(t=4.043, 4.332;P<0.05)。
结论ICP下降所致的TLPD增大可导致视盘区血供减少,同时引起视盘周毛细血管微循环障碍,ICP下降程度越大,视盘区微循环异常越显著。 相似文献
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人眼筛板的细胞间质与青光眼性视神经损害的机理 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
任泽钦 《国外医学:眼科学分册》1996,20(1):32-40
筛板是青光眼性视神经损害的原发部位。随着筛板研究的深入,已从开始对筛板微观结构形态的观察推进到对不同组织成分的分析及其在疾病过程中不同作用性质的探讨,本文综述了近年来对筛板细胞间质正常构成和病理改变研究的新进展,以及在此基础上对筛板损害和视神经损害机制探讨的新认识。 相似文献
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目的探讨眼挫伤继发青光眼的病因及治疗。方法对106例(106眼)眼挫伤继发性青光眼的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果本组106眼中伴有眼内积血者96眼(90.57%),伴有前房角后退者45眼(42.45%),伴有晶状体脱位者31眼(29.25%),伴有玻璃体异位者11眼(10.38%)。根据眼压升高原因分别通过单纯药物治疗47眼(44.34%),药物治疗加前房穿刺或冲洗24眼(22.64%),药物治疗加晶状体手术或(和)小梁切除术者35眼(33.02%)。经治疗后眼压恢复正常者85眼(80.19%),视力有不同程度的提高。结论眼挫伤继发青光眼,应针对其原因及伴发症,采取不同的治疗方法。 相似文献
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青光眼作为导致人类不可逆性盲的头号杀手,是一组慢性进行性视神经病变疾病。虽然病理性眼压增高是青光眼发展的主要危险因素,但是其视神经病变机制始终不明。而且有部分患者眼压处于正常值范围内,却依然发生了青光眼性视神经损害,被称为“正常眼压性青光眼”。因此,我们不得不考虑,除眼压外还有其他因素参与青光眼视神经的损害。近年来有研究表明:颅内压与眼压的失衡有可能是正常眼压性青光眼的原因之一,本文就颅内压与正常眼压性青光眼的关系做一综述。 相似文献
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挫伤性房角后退和房角退缩性青光眼的临床研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的探讨房角后退与房角退缩性青光眼的关系.方法研究1978年1月~1999年3月连续294例294只房角后退眼,其中随访1~3年者201只眼,3~6年者60只眼,6~20年者33只眼.重点分析这些眼的临床表现、前房角镜检查所见及房角后退与房角退缩性青光眼的关系.结果26只眼发生了房角退缩性青光眼(8.8%),其中24只眼为早发型,2只眼为晚发型.在26只房角退缩性青光眼中,24只眼房角后退的范围均>180°.结论所有眼钝伤患者均应行前房角镜检查.房角退缩性青光眼的发生与房角后退的范围有关.如果房角后退范围>180°,应定期随访患者的眼压、眼压描记、C/D和视野变化,以便早期发现房角退缩性青光眼. 相似文献
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[目的]观察中国人眼白化病1型(OAI)的临床表现特点.[方法]临床和基因检查确诊的16例OA1患者及8例女性携带者纳入研究.其中8例患者和4例携带者来自同一个家系.所有患者和携带者均进行了矫正视力、详细的裂隙灯显微镜眼前节检查.16例患者中,行间接检眼镜检查15例;眼前节照相10例;眼底彩色照相4例;散瞳检影验光8例;光相干断层扫描(OCT)3例;8例携带者中,行眼前节照相3例;眼底彩色照相3例.根据检查结果将虹膜色素沉着分为A、B、C三种类型.A型:虹膜色素轻微沉着不足;B型:虹膜色素沉着不均匀;C型:虹膜呈大片状色素缺失伴虹膜震颤.所有患者和携带者均进行了致病基因GPR143的检测.[结果]16例患者矫正视力0.1~0.3;均有双眼球水平震颤,呈跳动型,双眼位正,未见斜视.验光检查者8例中,中度远视散光3例,低度远视散光5例.裂隙灯显微镜检查结果显示,16例患者中,虹膜色素沉着A型者8例,占50.0%;B型者7例,占43.7%;C型者1例,占6.3%.8例携带者中,虹膜色素沉着A型者2例,占25.0%;正常者6例,占75.0%.行间接检眼镜检查者15例均未见白化病眼底表现,仅表现为轻度色素沉着不足,未见黄斑中心凹结构.8例携带者中,眼底条纹状或点片状色素缺失4例;正常眼底4例.黄斑中心凹结构正常.OCT检查者3例均未见明显黄斑中心凹结构.基因检测结果显示,所有患者的GPR143基因均发现突变,检出率100.0%.携带者均检测到携带突变的致病基因.[结论]国人OA1患者临床表现不典型,黄斑中心凹发育不良;致病基因突变检出率高. 相似文献
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2%美开朗局部降眼压作用的临床研究 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
观察开角型青光眼和主眼压症患者11例共22只眼点用2%美开朗的临床效果,将点用1滴药后,每正2次每次1滴连续点用1周和4周后的眼压与点药前的眼压前进行比较,结果2%美开庸人有较明显的降压压作用且局部副作用轻微。 相似文献
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目的 分析手术治疗颅面发育不良所致突眼症的效果和并发症。方法 针对不同年龄的患者 ,选用 3种不同的手术方法 :1~ 3岁者 ,选用全额骨块截骨和额眶带前移手术 ;4~ 15岁者 ,选用LeFortⅢ型颅面部截骨和骨牵拉成骨术 ;16岁以上患者 ,选用LeFortⅢ型颅面部截骨前移术 ,于截骨当时即期前移颅骨或中面部骨架。结果 18例患者均取得了良好的治疗效果 ,眼球突出度平均减少 7 7mm ,前颅底前后向深度平均增加 8 2mm ,眼眶下缘平均前移 7 8mm ,颅底相对上颌骨的夹角平均增加 9°,提示术后眼球突出度和颜面外形接近正常同龄人。结论 颅面截骨后即期前移 ,或者截骨手术后用骨牵引方式逐渐前移颅面结构 ,以增加眼眶的容积 ,是治疗颅面发育不良所致突眼症的最佳方法。 相似文献
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目的比较每隔2h与每隔3h测量24h眼压的差异,从而制订出对患者更方便、更行之有效的24h昼夜眼压监测方法。方法选择青光眼患者27例(54眼),相同条件下,使用非接触眼压计,分别进行每隔2h与每隔3h的24h眼压测量。比较2h测量组与3h测量组的峰值出现的时间,并比较2h组与3h组的全天时间段和睡眠时间段的峰值眼压、谷值眼压、波动值、平均值眼压。结果2h组中,有59.26%的患者眼压峰值出现在睡眠时间;3h组中,有61.11%的患者眼压峰值出现在睡眠时间,2h组和3h组达峰值的频数差异无统计学意义。全天时段2h组和3h组的眼压峰值、谷值、平均值及眼压波动值比较,差异无统计学意义(P〉0.01)。睡眠时间段2h组和3h组的眼压峰值、谷值及平均值比较,差异无统计学意义(P〉0.01),2h组眼压波动值大于3h组(P〈0.01)。结论24h眼压监测能更好地发现青光眼的高眼压和昼夜眼压波动异常。使用非接触眼压计每隔3h昼夜眼压监测可以代替2h发现高眼压和眼压波动异常,是既行之有效,又更为简单的方法。 相似文献
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高眼压下青光眼滤过手术的临床观察 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
目的 探讨高眼压下青光眼小梁切除术的疗效。方法 对32例(36眼)应用药物治疗不能控制眼压的青光眼患者,采取术中先缓慢降压的方法,进行青光眼小梁切除术。结果 术后矫正视力无光感1眼,光感-数指5眼,0.02-0.05者11眼,≥0.3者19眼。术后眼压≤16mmHg者24眼,17-22mmHg者9眼,23-30mmHg者3眼。结论 对于药物不能有效控制眼压的青光眼患者,在高眼压下采取必要措施,进行小梁切除术是可行的。 相似文献
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Clinical Analysis of Early and Mid-late Elevated Intraocular Pressure after Silicone Oil Injection 下载免费PDF全文
Lifei Wang Jingjiang Liu Tianxiang Lu 《眼科学报》2014,(2):85-89
Purpose: To discuss the incidence and clinical features of early and mid-late elevated intraocular pressure after pars plana vitrectomy and silicone oil injection, and to evaluate the clinical management of eyes with secondary glaucoma.
Methods: This was an observational consecutive case series of 691 eyes in 679 patients who were treated with pars plana vitrectomy and silicone injection. The diagnostic criteria of early elevated intraocular pressure after silicone oil injection was ≥21 mmHg two weeks after surgery, while mid-late elevated intraocular pressure was ≥21 mmHg after two weeks. The incidence and clinical management of elevated intraocular pressure were analyzed.
Results: In total, 211 of 691 eyes (30.54%) developed elevated intraocular pressure two weeks after pars plana vitrecto my and silicone injection. Of the 211 eyes, 101 eyes (47.87%) had ocular inflammation, 64 eyes (30.33%) showed hyphema, 35 eyes (16.59%) had silicone oil in the anterior chamber, 6 eyes (2.84%)had excess silicone oil injected, and 5 eyes (2.37%) had rubeosis irides. Eighty three of 691 eyes (12.01%) developed elevated intraocular pressure after two weeks. Of these 83 eyes, 25 eyes (30.12%) had rubeosis irides, 16 eyes (19.27%) had issues related to topic steroid therapy, 13 eyes (15.66%) had a papillary block, silicone oil in the anterior chamber, 10 eyes (12.05%) had a silicone emulsion, 10 eyes (12.05%)had peripheral anterior synchiae, and 9 eyes (10.84%) had silicone oil in the anterior chamber. All eyes with elevated intraocular pressure were treated with antiglaucoma medications and surgeries.
Conclusion: The reasons for elevated intraocular pressure differed between early and mid-late after pars plana vitrectomy and silicone oil injection. The elevated intraocular pressure can be controlled effectively by immediate diagnosis and proper treatment with medicine and operation. 相似文献
Methods: This was an observational consecutive case series of 691 eyes in 679 patients who were treated with pars plana vitrectomy and silicone injection. The diagnostic criteria of early elevated intraocular pressure after silicone oil injection was ≥21 mmHg two weeks after surgery, while mid-late elevated intraocular pressure was ≥21 mmHg after two weeks. The incidence and clinical management of elevated intraocular pressure were analyzed.
Results: In total, 211 of 691 eyes (30.54%) developed elevated intraocular pressure two weeks after pars plana vitrecto my and silicone injection. Of the 211 eyes, 101 eyes (47.87%) had ocular inflammation, 64 eyes (30.33%) showed hyphema, 35 eyes (16.59%) had silicone oil in the anterior chamber, 6 eyes (2.84%)had excess silicone oil injected, and 5 eyes (2.37%) had rubeosis irides. Eighty three of 691 eyes (12.01%) developed elevated intraocular pressure after two weeks. Of these 83 eyes, 25 eyes (30.12%) had rubeosis irides, 16 eyes (19.27%) had issues related to topic steroid therapy, 13 eyes (15.66%) had a papillary block, silicone oil in the anterior chamber, 10 eyes (12.05%) had a silicone emulsion, 10 eyes (12.05%)had peripheral anterior synchiae, and 9 eyes (10.84%) had silicone oil in the anterior chamber. All eyes with elevated intraocular pressure were treated with antiglaucoma medications and surgeries.
Conclusion: The reasons for elevated intraocular pressure differed between early and mid-late after pars plana vitrectomy and silicone oil injection. The elevated intraocular pressure can be controlled effectively by immediate diagnosis and proper treatment with medicine and operation. 相似文献
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Thyroid鄄associatedophthalmopathy(TAO)isachronicautoimmuneprocessthataffectstheretrobulbarspaceandhasstrongetiologiclinkswithautoimmunethyroiddisease.Itisreportedtobethemostcommonorbitaldiseaseinadultsandthemostprevalentorbitaldiseases[1].Somepatientsarefoundtohavethediseasecompli鄄catedwithocularhypertension.ThecontributingfactorforocularhypertensioninTAOiscomplex.Inthispaperwehavesummarizedandanalyzedtheclinicmanifestationsof106cases(188eyes)ofocularhypertensionin339cases(597eyes)withTAO… 相似文献
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PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of sildenafil on visual field and intraocular pressure in a group of healthy subjects. METHODS: Twenty-eight healthy male volunteers with normal eyes were included in the study. Visual field examinations were performed using FASTPAC 30-2 program (white-on-white and blue-on-yellow) with the Humphrey field analyzer before and one hour after receiving oral 50 and 100 mg sildenafil citrate. RESULTS: The mean age was 51.1 +/- 8.9 years. Mean deviation, pattern standard deviation, short-term fluctuation and corrected pattern standard deviation did not differ significantly among tests both in white-on-white and blue-on-yellow visual field examinations. Changes in intraocular pressure were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: No significant effect of sildenafil was seen on visual field and intraocular pressure in healthy subjects. 相似文献
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