扩张型心肌病IL－6及IL－1活性的初步研究

应用ＭＴＴ比色法及ＣｏｎＡ活化小鼠胸腺细胞增殖法检测了３０例扩张型心肌病（ＤＣＭ）患者及２０例正常人（ＮＣ）的血清白细胞介素６（ＩＬ－６）、白细胞介素１（ＩＬ－１）的活性，结果发现ＤＣＭ患者ＩＬ－６及ＩＬ－１活性均明显高于ＮＣ组（Ｐ＜０．００１，Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示：ＩＬ－６及ＩＬ－１功能紊乱参与了ＤＣＭ的病理过程。     

血液透析患者IL－1β、IL－6及IL－8基因表达的研究

利用ＭｅｓｓａｎｇｅＡｍｐｌｉｆｌｃａｔｉｏｎＰｈｅｎｏｔｙｐｉｎｇ（ＭＡＰＰｉｎｇ）系统半定量测定了血液透析患者外周血淋巴细胞白介素１β（ＩＬ－１β）、白介素６（ＩＬ－６）和白介素８（ＩＬ－８）ｍＲＮＡ表达水平，结果发现，血液透析开始１ｈ患者ＩＬ－β、ＩＬ－６和ＩＬ－８ｍＲＮＡ表达增强，其中ＩＬ－８ｍＲＮＡ的变化最明显。ＭＡＰＰｉｎｇ系统检测细胞因子基因表达具有敏感、可靠和快速的优点。     

慢性肾炎患者sIL－2R水平、IL－2活性及mIL－2R表达的观察

本文应用ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测了４０例慢性肾小球肾炎血清可溶性白细胞介素２受体水平，同时对患者外周血单个核细胞膜白细胞介素２受体表达及白细胞介素２活性进行观察。结果患者ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平为６３４．８±１４２．９ｕ／ｍｌ，高于正常人２９５．０±１６５．７ｕ／ｍｌ，Ｐ＜０．００１；ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ阳性率为２５．６±４．３％，低于正常人４５．５±５．２％，Ｐ＜０．００１；ＩＬ－２活性为２．８５±１．６１ｕ／ｍｌ，低于正常人７．０６±４．５３ｕ／ｍｌ，Ｐ＜０．００１。并且ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ与ＢＵＮ呈正相关，ｒ＝０．４７０，Ｐ＜０．０２。提示慢性肾小球肾炎患者细胞免疫功能降低，且与肾功能损伤程度有关。     

黄芪调节IgG亚类缺陷病人IL－2、BCGF、IL－6活性的体外观察

本文观察黄芪对ＩｇＧ亚类缺陷病儿体外Ｔ细胞增殖反应，ＩＬ－２、ＢＣＧＦ和ＩＬ－６活性的影响。结果发现ＩｇＧ亚类缺陷病儿Ｔ细胞增殖反应低下，ＩＬ－２、ＢＣＧＦ和ＩＬ－６活性降低。黄芪有明显提高病儿Ｔ细胞增殖反应，ＩＬ－２、ＢＣＧＦ和ＩＬ－６活性，其中ＢＣＧＦ和ＩＬ－６活性可达到正常水平；而对正常对照无上述免疫增强效应。黄芪对Ｔ细胞及其分泌的细胞因子（ＩＬ－２、ＢＣＧＦ、ＩＬ－６）的调节作用可能与其调节ＩｇＧ亚类的产生有关。     

大鼠内毒素性发热时不同脑区cAMP含量和腺苷酸环化酶活性的变化

给大鼠腹腔注射大肠杆菌内毒素(endotoxin, ET)复制发热模型,观察大鼠ET性发热时不同脑区组织cAMP含量和腺苷酸环化酶(adenylate cyclase, AC)活性的变化。结果发现:大鼠在发热高峰时与对照组比较,丘脑下部cAMP含量明显增加(P<0.01),并与体温变化呈正相关关系(r=0.827);丘脑下部AC活性也显著增强(P<0.001),也与体温变化呈正相关关系(r=0.774)。脑干AC活性显著增强(P<0.05),但与体温变化无正相关关系(r=0.203),cAMP含量也无明显变化。脑皮质cAMP含量和AC活性均无明显变化。以上结果显示:ET可能是通过共同信息物质——内生致热原(EP),以一定方式作用于丘脑下部视前区神经元的细胞膜内AC,使其活化作用于ATP,使ATP分解生成cAMP,从而使局部cAMP含量增加,再通过某种方式使体温调定点上移,导致体温升高。     

内毒素性急性肺损伤大鼠白细胞介素—6含量改变

采用白细胞介素－６（Ｉｎｔｅｒｌｅｕｋｉｎ６，ＩＬ－６）依赖细胞株７ＴＤ１及ＭＴＴ比色法，动态观察了正常及内毒素注射后不同时间大鼠血清和支气管肺泡灌洗液（ｂｒｏｎｃｈｏａｌｏａｌｖｅｏｌａｒｌａｖａｇｅｆｌｕｉｄ，ＢＡＬＦ）中ＩＬ－６含量的变化。同时，还对各组大鼠的肺体指数和ＢＡＬＦ中蛋白质含量进行了测定，结果显示：大鼠注射内毒素后１，３，６，１２ｈ其血清和ＢＡＬＦ中ＩＬ－６含量急剧升高（Ｐ〈０．     

扩张型心肌病IL—6及IL—1活性的初步研究

应用ＭＴＴ比色法及ＣｏｎＡ活化小鼠胸腺细胞增殖法检测了３０例扩张型心肌病（ＤＣＭ）患者及２０例正常人（ＮＣ）的血清血细胞介素６（ＩＬ－６）、白细胞介素１（ＩＬ－１）的活性，结果发现ＤＣＭ患者ＩＬ－６及ＩＬ－１活性均明显高于ＮＣ组。提示：ＩＬ－６及ＩＬ－１功能紊乱参与了ＤＣＭ的病理过程。     

牛磺酸对ET和EGTA性发热的降热效应

本实验用40只封闭群新西兰白兔,观察了侧脑室灌注Tau、CaCl_2对家兔ET性发热及EGTA性发热的影响。结果表明:侧脑室灌注Tau能明显抑制家兔ET性发热及EGTA性发热;一旦停止灌注Tau,体温又上升,后者可被侧脑室灌注CaCl_2所阻断。结果提示:Tau很可能是通过增加丘脑下部脑组织Ca~( )含量,使Na~ /ca~( )比值回降而抑制发热的。     

大鼠出血性休克后肠源性内毒素血症及TNF,IL—1变化的动态观察

本实验采用大鼠出血性休克模型（４。００ｋＰａ，９０ｍｉｎ）动态观察了ＴＮＦ、ＩＬ－１等细胞因子的变化规律及其与肠源性内毒素血症的关系。研究发现：休克组动物休克后门、体循环均出现显著的内毒素血症，门脉系统血浆内毒素水平的变化趋与外周血ＴＮＦ一致，但其峰值早于后者。同是时，腹腔巨噬细胞ＩＬ－１在性在复苏后６～２４ｈ亦持续升高。休克治疗组给予多粘菌素Ｂ预防性治疗后，动物门、体循环内毒素含量均迅速下降，Ｔ     

Effect of melatonin on lymphocyte proliferation and production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) in mice splenocytes

The influence of Melatonin (MLT) on the modulation of the immune system has been described. In previous studies an increment of cell proliferation and an increase or a decrease of cytokines have been reported. Other workers have found inhibitory effects or no effect in the immune functions. Because of this controversy, and for the purpose of studying the mechanism by which MLT performs its functions, we evaluated its effect on murine splenocytes's proliferation after a mitogenic stimulation, and quantified the levels of IL-2 and IL-1 beta in the absence or presence of Phitohemaglutinin (PHA) in supernatants of mice splenocytes cell culture treated or not with MLT. The lymphoproliferative response was assessed using tritiated thimidine in the splenocytes of mice treated with 500 micrograms of MLT/Kg b.w. and in cell cultures containing 5, 50 and 100 micrograms MLT/mL. The production of IL-2 and IL-1 beta was detected by the ELISA test. An increase in the proliferation (p < 0.01) of spleen cells treated with 50 and 100 micrograms MLT/mL an optimal dose of PHA, was detected. The in vivo or in vitro treatment with MLT increased the levels of IL-2 and IL-1 beta in the absence or the presence of PHA, maintaining the increase in the concentration of IL-1 beta up to the to ninth day of treatment. These results suggest that MLT acts directly on cell proliferation probably by binding to high affinity receptors located on spleen cells, that stimulates the production of IL-2 and IL-1 beta giving rise to an increment of cell immunity.     

IL-4/IL-10诱导的树突状细胞对类风湿性关节炎的作用

目的:探讨经IL-4/IL-10诱导的树突状细胞(DC)对类风湿性关节炎的作用。方法:用Percoll分层离心法从脾脏细胞分离得到DC后,用IL-4或IL-10或IL-4+IL-10进行诱导。用未经诱导和诱导过的DC对类风湿性关节炎大鼠模型进行干扰。SD鼠设为CIA模型组,DC对照组与DC试验组。用ELISA法检测细胞因子与抗体水平,用MTT法检测细胞增殖情况,对鼠爪关节行病理学检测。结果:DC对照组的临床症状评分,病理改变评分,细胞增殖能力,血清中抗胶原抗体及细胞因子水平与CIA模型组的差异无统计学意义。试验组中,注射IL-10-DC能改善CIA鼠的滑膜炎症情况;在初次免疫后第5天注射IL-4-DC能减轻CIA鼠的滑膜炎程度;注射IL-4+IL-10-DC无明显的保护作用。结论:适时注射IL-4或IL-10诱导的DC,对实验性类风湿性关节炎具有保护作用。     

IL-21 and IL-21 receptor in the immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis

Cytokines are considered important factors in the modulation of various immune responses. Among them, interleukin (IL)-21 is one of the major immune modulators, adjusting various immune responses by affecting various immune cells. It has been suggested that IL-21 may enhance autoimmunity through different mechanisms, such as development and activation of helper T (T_H)-17 and follicular helper T (T_FH) cells, activation of natural killer (NK) cells, enhancing B-cell differentiation and antibody secretion and suppression of regulatory T (T_reg) cells. Moreover, IL-21 has also been suggested to be an inducer of autoimmunity when following treatment of MS patients with some therapeutics such as alemtuzumab. This review will seek to clarify the precise role of IL-21/IL-21R in the pathogenesis of MS and, in its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).     

IL-2和IL-15协同调节T细胞的增殖和LAK细胞的杀伤活性

目的 探讨IL-2和IL-15在免疫调控和应答中的协同作用。方法 IL-2、IL-15和IL-2 IL-l5组刺激CTLL细胞的增殖,^3H—TdR掺入法测cpm值;IL-2、IL-15和IL-2 IL-l5组诱导PBMC中NK和LAK细胞的发育,4h^51Cr释放实验检测对K562和LiBr细胞的杀伤活性。结果 IL-2和IL-15都能诱导CTLL认细胞的增殖和NK、LAK细胞的杀伤活性,IL-2和IL-15可明显协同上调CTLL认的增殖和LAK细胞的杀伤活性。结论 IL-2和IL-15在免疫调控和应答中有一定的协同作用,为细胞因子联合应用于临床治疗肿瘤等疾病提供了实验依据。     

Escherichia coli-induced expression of IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6 and IL-8 in normal human renal tubular epithelial cells

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the IL-1 family cytokines, in addition to IL-6 and IL-8, could be induced in normal human cortical epithelial cells in response to bacterial stimuli. Human renal tissue was obtained from 9 patients undergoing elective tumour nephrectomy. Renal cortical epithelial cells of tubular origin were prepared from the unaffected tissue. The proximal tubular cells were stimulated for 2, 6 and 24 h with a heat-inactivated pyelonephritogenic Escherichia coli strain DS-17. Cultured unstimulated tubular cells served as controls. IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-1 receptor antagonist, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-alpha, G-CSF and GM-CSF were analysed using immunohistochemistry at the single cell level. The nonstimulated cells were found to express low levels of IL-6 and IL-8 (mean value < 3% of total cells). In contrast, E. coli exposure resulted in significantly increased incidences of IL-6 and IL-8 expressing cells (mean values approximately 18% of total cells) peaking within two hours of stimulation (P < 0.008 and P < 0.02 versus non-stimulated cells, respectively). A gradual decrease was thereafter observed at 6 and 24 h, respectively, although persistently higher compared to controls. A different kinetic response was found for IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta and IL-1 receptor antagonist-expressing cells, which peaked 24 h after E. coli stimulation (mean values 3--10%) (P < 0.008, P < 0.02, P < 0.02 versus non-stimulated cells, respectively). Low levels of TNF-alpha and GM-CSF were found in 3 of the 9 donated epithelial cells, peaking at 2 h, and IL-10 and G-CSF producing cells in 1 patient each. In conclusion we found that heat-inactivated pyelonephritic E. coli induced a proinflammatory cytokine response in the normal human proximal tubular cells including the IL-1 family, IL-6 and IL-8.     

中国湖北地区IL-1RN内含子2基因多态性分布的研究

目的 :探讨湖北地区汉族健康人群白细胞介素 1受体拮抗剂(IL 1Ra)内含子 2基因多态性的分布 ,比较其在不同种族间分布的差异。方法 :采用PCR方法检测了 2 5 1例湖北地区汉族健康人群IL 1Ra基因内含子 2的可变数串联重复 (VNTR)多态性 ,并结合文献进行不同种族间的比较分析。结果 :湖北地区汉族健康人群基因型以Ⅰ /Ⅰ型最为常见 ,其次为Ⅰ /Ⅱ型 ,Ⅰ /Ⅳ和Ⅱ /Ⅱ型较为罕见 ,分布频率依次为 0 .813、0 .167、0 .0 16、0 .0 0 4;其等位基因以Ⅰ型最为常见 ,其次为Ⅱ型 ,Ⅳ型较为罕见。与美、德和日本等国家人群相比 ,该VNTR多态性均存在显著性差异 (P <0 .0 0 5 ) ,与国内江苏和重庆地区人群相比虽无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,但在湖北地区发现了较为罕见的Ⅰ /Ⅳ和Ⅱ /Ⅱ基因型。结论 :湖北地区汉族人群IL 1Ra基因内含子 2存在VNTR多态性 ,其在不同种族间的分布存在显著性差异