商陆多糖I对小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖及脾淋巴细胞、巨噬细胞分泌细胞因子的影响

商陆多糖Ⅰ(Phytolacca acinosa polysaccharides Ⅰ,PAP-Ⅰ)体外能显著促进小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖,促进丝裂原诱导的淋巴细胞转化及双向混合淋巴细胞反应。检测PAP-Ⅰ和小鼠脾淋巴细胞培养上清液发现PAP-Ⅰ可显著促进小鼠脾淋巴细胞产生白细胞介素2(IL-2)及集落刺激因子(colony stimulating factor,CSF)。PAP-Ⅰ和小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞培养上清液中也存在CSF活性及促进重组粒单系集落刺激因子诱导骨髓细胞增殖的细胞因子。PAP-Ⅰ,ip可显著促进小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖及IL-2产生。     

灵芝多糖对老年小鼠脾细胞DNA多聚酶α活性及免疫功能的影响

24月龄老年小鼠脾细胞中DNA多聚酶α的活性比3月龄小鼠明显低下。每日ip灵芝多糖(GL-B)25和50 mg·kg^-1共4 d,均可明显增强老年小鼠脾细胞内DNA多聚酶α的活性,与老年对照组相比分别增加44.0和58.4%。体外实验发现,老年小鼠脾细胞自发增殖能力和自发分泌IL-2的能力明显低于年轻对照组,对同种异型抗原引起的混合淋巴细胞反应也明显减弱,加入GL-B(50,100,200μg·ml^-1)以后,这些指标均可明显恢复。     

香菇多糖的免疫调节作用

研究香菇多糖(LTN)的免疫调节作用。结果表明,LTN1及5mg·kg^-1·d^-1×6,ip可促进正常小鼠由ConA(2.5mg·kg^-1)刺激的脾脏T淋巴细胞增殖反应。1,5及10mg·kg^-1·d^-1×8或5,ip能分别纠正由环磷酰胺(Cy,200mg·kg^-1和80mg·kg^-1,ip)诱导的免疫亢进或低下状态。此外,LTN(1,5和10mg·kg^-1·d^-1×6,ip),促使小鼠胸腺L3T4+(Th)和Lyt2+(Ts)细胞数减少,外周脾脏L3T4+和Lyt2+细胞数增加,腹腔巨噬细胞释出肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)也明显增加。这些作用均以LTN5mg·kg^-1·d^-1作用最佳。提示LTN可能通过影响T细胞及其亚型,促进TNF活性调节机体的免疫功能。     

商陆多糖I对小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖及脾淋巴细胞、巨噬细胞分泌细胞因子的影响

商陆多糖Ⅰ(Phytolacca acinosa polysaccharides Ⅰ,PAP-Ⅰ)体外能显著促进小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖,促进丝裂原诱导的淋巴细胞转化及双向混合淋巴细胞反应。检测PAP-Ⅰ和小鼠脾淋巴细胞培养上清液发现PAP-Ⅰ可显著促进小鼠脾淋巴细胞产生白细胞介素2(IL-2)及集落刺激因子(colony stimulating factor,CSF)。PAP-Ⅰ和小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞培养上清液中也存在CSF活性及促进重组粒单系集落刺激因子诱导骨髓细胞增殖的细胞因子。PAP-Ⅰ,ip可显著促进小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖及IL-2产生。     

香菇多糖(KS-2)刺激小鼠免疫功能的实验研究

香菇多糖(KS—2)腹腔注射能明显增强小鼠脾抗体分泌细胞数(PFC),最佳给药剂量为100mg/kg,也可明显增强小鼠对BSA诱导的迟发型超敏反应性(DTH)。它在体外对ConA,LPS引起的小鼠淋巴细胞增殖反应无影响。     

段木栽培及袋栽灵芝多糖对体外培养小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖活性的比较

目的 比较段木栽培灵芝多糖(wood-cultured Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, GL-PS-WC) 及袋栽灵芝多糖(bag-cultured Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, GL-PS-BC)对体外培养小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖活性的影响,探讨袋栽灵芝多糖替代段木栽培灵芝多糖的可能性。 方法检测两种灵芝多糖对混合淋巴细胞培养(MLC)反应的影响;观察对刀豆蛋白A (Con A)、细菌脂多糖(LPS)诱导淋巴细胞增殖的影响以及对环孢素A (CsA)、丝裂霉素C(Mit C)、足叶乙苷(VP-16) 等抑制MLC反应的影响。结果当质量浓度为0.2～12.8 mg·L^-1时,两种灵芝多糖均可促进MLC反应,增强Con A或LPS诱导的淋巴细胞增殖,并拮抗CsA, Mit C或VP-16对MLC反应的抑制作用。未发现两种多糖之间有显著性差异。结论GL-PS-WC及GL-PS-BC对体外培养脾淋巴细胞的增殖活性有类似作用。     

姬松茸多糖ABP-AW1对免疫功能低下小鼠的免疫增强作用

目的探讨低分子质量姬松茸多糖ABP-AW1对免疫功能低下小鼠的免疫增强作用。方法 ICR小鼠ip给予环磷酰胺80 mg·kg~(-1),连续3 d,制备免疫功能低下小鼠模型;随后分别ig给予ABP-AW1 125,250和500 mg·kg~(-1),每天1次,连续7 d。治疗结束后处死小鼠,检测小鼠胸腺指数和脾指数,碳廓清实验检测小鼠巨噬细胞吞噬功能,MTT法检测小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖反应,ELISA法检测小鼠脾淋巴细胞分泌白细胞介素2(IL-2)和干扰素γ(IFN-γ)水平,流式细胞术检测小鼠脾T淋巴细胞亚群CD4~+/CD8~+比值。结果与正常对照组比较,免疫低下模型小鼠胸腺指数和脾指数以及巨噬细胞吞噬指数均降低(P<0.05);ABPAW1 250和500 mg·kg~(-1)可显著提高免疫低下模型小鼠胸腺指数和脾指数(P<0.05),升高巨噬细胞吞噬指数(P<0.05)。与正常对照组比较,模型小鼠伴刀豆凝集素A(Con A)和脂多糖(LPS)分别诱导的T淋巴细胞增殖反应和B淋巴细胞增殖反应降低,脾细胞分泌IL-2和IFN-γ水平降低,脾细胞CD4~+/CD8~+比值下降(P<0.05);与模型组比较,ABP-AW1 250和500 mg·kg~(-1)可促进免疫低下模型小鼠Con A和LPS分别诱导的T淋巴细胞增殖反应和B淋巴细胞增殖反应(P<0.05),显著增加脾细胞IL-2和IFN-γ水平(P<0.05),明显逆转免疫低下小鼠脾细胞CD4~+/CD8~+比值的下降(P<0.05)。结论 ABP-AW1对免疫功能低下小鼠具有一定的免疫增强作用。     

虫草多糖对荷瘤小鼠T淋巴细胞及其亚群数量与功能的影响

目的 研究虫草多糖对荷瘤小鼠T淋巴细胞功能的影响。方法 除正常对照组外,其余小鼠右前肢腋窝皮下注射S180肉瘤细胞悬液建立小鼠荷瘤模型。荷瘤小鼠随机分为荷瘤对照(等容生理盐水)组、香菇多糖(1 mg·kg^-1)组、虫草多糖高、中、低剂量(200,100,50 mg·kg^-1)组,腹腔注射,每天1次,连续13 d后,检测虫草多糖对荷瘤小鼠的抑瘤作用以及荷瘤小鼠外周血T淋巴细胞及其亚群数量、Th1/Th2类细胞因子水平和脾淋巴细胞转化功能。结果 虫草多糖高、中剂量组可明显抑制S180肉瘤生长,提高荷瘤小鼠脾脏重量和脾脏系数;提高外周血CD3⁺细胞(总T淋巴细胞)、CD4⁺CD8^-亚群数量及CD4⁺CD8^-/CD4^-CD8⁺比值,提高Th1淋巴细胞分泌的细胞因子TNF-α和IL-2水平,并显著促进脾脏T淋巴细胞增殖转化能力。结论 虫草多糖具有明显的抗肿瘤活性,其机制可能与调节机体T淋巴细胞及其亚群的数量与分泌功能有关。     

商陆多糖Ⅰ联合白细胞介素2对小鼠脾细胞杀瘤活性的影响

商陆多糖Ⅰ(PAP-I),0.3～3μg·ml^-1和小鼠脾细胞培养3～5d可显著增强其杀伤P815肿瘤细胞活性及IL-2(250～500IU·ml^-1)诱导的LAK细胞活性,最适浓度为1μg·ml^-1。PAP-I及IL-2和脾细胞培养的上清液对P815肿瘤细胞无细胞毒作用,但能增强脾细胞及LAK细胞杀瘤活性。PAP-I,5,10及50mg·kg-1,ip可增强脾细胞杀伤P₈₁₅和L₉₂₉细胞的活性及IL-2诱导的LAK细胞活性。     

枸杞子多糖对小鼠白细胞介素-2活性的增强作用(英文)

本文研究了中药枸杞子的提取物枸杞子多糖(LBP)对成年(2月龄)和老年(16月龄)小鼠脾白细胞介素-2(IL-2)活性的影响。在诱导脾细胞IL-2的培养液(脾细胞5×10~6/ml和ConA 4μg/ml)中加入LBP,所制备的含IL-2上清液使成年小鼠胸腺细胞在体外增殖活性([~3H]TdR参入法)升高。老年小鼠IL-2促进淋巴细胞增殖水平显著低于成年。LBP可使老年小鼠IL-2的这种作用显著提高,达成年水平。这些结果表明,LBP对IL-2的活性有增强作用并使老年小鼠IL-2活性得到恢复。     

Effects of Tremella polysaccharides on immune function in mice

It was found in vitro that Tremella polysaccharides (TP) (50, 100, 150 and 200 micrograms/ml) augmented lymphocyte proliferation induced by Con A and did not antagonize the suppressive effect of hydrocortisone on lymphocyte proliferation. In vivo TP promoted the plaque-forming cell (PFC) response to SRBC in mice. TP 50 and 100 mg/kg ip for 5 d produced 77.6% and 81.8% increases in PFC response respectively. At the doses of 150 and 200 micrograms/ml, TP decreased the interleukin 2 (IL-2) activities in the supernatant of culture media of mouse spleen cells. TP (50 micrograms/ml) enhanced the lymphocyte proliferation induced by Con A and increased the PFC response to SRBC by 47.1% in 14-month-old mice.     

异丙肌苷对小鼠免疫功能的增强作用

在正常小鼠和注射环磷酰胺所致的免疫功能抑制的小鼠,异丙肌苷)25,50,100mg/kg,ip)能显著促进溶血素生成;增加空斑形成细胞数;增强二硝基氯苯所致迟发型皮肤超敏反应。在16月龄老年小鼠,异丙肌苷(2.5mg/kg,ip)可使减少的空斑形成细胞数增加至接近3月龄小鼠的水平,加大剂量作用反减弱或使空斑形成细胞数显著减少。体外试验,异丙肌苷(5,10,20mg/L)可显著增强刀豆素A诱导的C57 BL/6J小鼠的淋巴细胞增殖反应,并使16月龄老年小鼠低下的刀豆素A诱导的淋巴细胞增殖反应明显恢复。     

Immune enhancement of a polysaccharides peptides isolated from Coriolus versicolor.

A protein-bound polysaccharides (PSP) isolated from Coriolus versicolor in Shanghai, at the concentrations of 100-800 micrograms/ml promoted lymphocyte proliferation. PSP 25 mg/kg ip into mice for 5 d antagonized the inhibition of IL-2 production by cyclophosphamide from activated T lymphocytes and restored the suppressed T-cell-mediated delayed, type hypersensitivity response to normal. PSP 10-1000 micrograms/ml induced interferon alpha and gamma production from human peripheral leukocytes 4 and 8 times respectively higher than that of the control groups. Moreover, PSP also increased phagocytic functions of host reticulo-endothelial system. The results suggest that the anti-tumor effects of PSP may be related to its potentiation of host immunological responses.     

Assessment of the immunotoxic potential of the fungicide dinocap in mice.

The immunotoxic potential of dinocap was evaluated in female C57BL/6J mice following in vivo and in vitro exposure to this fungicide. In in vivo studies, groups of mice were dosed by gavage with technical grade dinocap at dosages ranging from 12.5 to 50 mg/kg per day for 7 or 12 days and selected immune functions examined. Mice dosed at 50 mg/kg per day dinocap died after 4 days of dosing. Twelve days of dosing with dinocap at 25 mg/kg per day resulted in decreased thymus weights and cellularity, and increased spleen weights. No changes were observed in body weight, absolute differential peripheral leukocyte counts, the lymphoproliferative responses to B- or T-cell mitogens, the mixed lymphocyte reaction, or natural killer (NK) cell activity of spleen cells from mice exposed to dinocap. Lymphoproliferative responses to concanavalin A (Con A) and phytohemagglutinin (PHA), however, were reduced in thymocytes from mice dosed at 25 mg/kg per day dinocap. The cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response to P815 mastocytoma cells was enhanced in mice exposed for 7 days to 25 mg/kg per day dinocap. Exposure of mice for 7 days to 25 mg/kg per day dinocap also caused a significant reduction in the IgM and IgG plaque-forming cell (PFC) response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC). A time-course study indicated that dinocap-induced suppression of the IgM PFC response was due to a delay in the peak PFC response to SRBC. In vitro studies using murine thymocytes cultured with dinocap (10 micrograms/ml for 72 h) resulted in suppression of the proliferative response to Con A and PHA. Exposure of thymocytes to dinocap in vitro for as little as 30 min resulted in suppression of the mitogen-stimulated response in the absence of any apparent direct cytotoxic effect. These results suggest that dinocap alters the immune system of the mouse, however, these effects are relatively modest in terms of adverse immune function and are only seen at relatively high exposure levels.     

蜜环菌多糖对小鼠免疫功能的影响

蜜环菌多糖(100mg/kg·d×5d,ig)能显著增加正常小鼠和注射环磷酰胺所致免疫功能抑制小鼠的溶血素生成。当剂量为50mg/kg·d×5d,ig时,它还能显著增加正常小鼠的空斑形成细胞数。体外试验,蜜环菌多糖(10、50μg/ml)显著增强刀豆素A诱导的小鼠淋巴细胞增殖反应,但对二硝基氯苯所致小鼠迟发型过敏反应无显著增强作用。此外,蜜环菌多糖还能增加小鼠静注碳粒廓清速率及腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬百分数和吞噬指数。     

红景天甙元的药理研究

红景天甙元腹腔注射100mg/kg和200mg/kg对戊巴比妥钠入睡时间和催眠作用时间均无明显影响,300mg/kg可显著缩短戊巴比妥钠入睡时间和延长催眠作用时间,对电惊厥无保护作用,对常压缺氧所致动物死亡时间无明显影响,对高温所致动物死亡数无明显影响,对角叉菜胶所致踝关节肿胀有抑制作用,但局部用药对巴豆油所致耳部肿胀无抑制作用。红景天甙元给家兔静脉注射60mg/kg和150mg/kg,给大鼠腹腔注射200mg/kg,对胆汁排泌均无明显影响。离体实验,红景天甙元12.5×10~(-1)mg/ml可使大鼠离体回肠平滑肌张力降低,收缩幅度变小;25×10~(-1)mg/ml对Ach和BaCl_2引起的回肠平滑肌收缩均有抑制作用。     

Xylazine, an alpha 2-adrenergic agonist, modulates proliferation of rat thymocytes in vivo and in vitro

The effect of xylazine, an alpha 2-adrenergic agonist, on proliferation of rat thymocytes in vivo and in vitro was examined. It was found that the agonist administered to rats in vivo at doses of 2.5 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg stimulated thymocyte proliferation to suboptimal (0.625 microgram/ml) concentrations of concanavalin A (Con A). A similar effect was confirmed in vitro when lower concentrations of xylazine (5 microM) were added to cultures of thymic cells from intact animals in the presence of both suboptimal and optimal (2.5 micrograms/ml) Con A concentrations. Higher doses in vivo (25 mg/kg) and in vitro (50 microM, 100 microM and 250 microM) significantly inhibited proliferation of thymocytes to Con A. The phenomenon was followed by a decrease in interleukin-2 (IL-2) production (in vivo and in vitro) and down-regulation of IL-2 receptor alpha (IL-2R alpha) expression (in vitro). The exogenous IL-2 completely restored the inhibitory effect of xylazine in vivo on thymocyte proliferation. However, a minimal influence of the cytokine on the xylazine-inhibited thymocyte proliferation in vitro was observed. Stimulatory effect of xylazine on proliferation of thymocytes was probably mediated through alpha 2-adrenoreceptors since it was blocked by yohimbine, an alpha 2-adrenoreceptor antagonist. It seems that the pathways involved in inhibition of thymocyte proliferation by xylazine are more complex because the xylazine-suppressed thymocyte proliferation was potentiated by yohimbine.     

北沙参多糖的免疫抑制活性

北沙参为伞形科珊瑚属植物珊瑚菜(Glehnia littoralis F.Schmidt ex Mig.)的根,是一种常用中药,具有养阴清肺功能。据报道北沙参可延长家兔抗甲胎球蛋白抗体的存在时间。不少植物多糖,如人参、黄芪、刺五加和当归等的多糖成分,对机体的免疫功能有促进作用。为此我们观察了北沙参的多糖成分对机体免疫功能的影响。