CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检并发症的相关因素分析

目的:分析引起CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检并发症发生的相关因素.方法:选取2003年10月～2005年9月CT引导下肺穿刺活检的病例284例,分析穿刺并发症的发生与性别、年龄、病灶大小、深度、病灶周围有无肺气肿、穿刺次数、穿刺针粗细等的关系,并进行统计分析.结果:共发生气胸26例,出血(包括肺内出血和针道出血)48例.并发症的发生与病灶大小、深度、病灶周围有无肺气肿、穿刺次数、穿刺针粗细及年龄有关(P＜0.05).结论:CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检常见并发症有气胸和出血.病灶大小、深度、病灶周围肺气肿、穿刺次数、穿刺针粗细以及年龄是肺穿刺活检并发症的相关因素.     

CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检对肺部病变的诊断价值

目的 探讨CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检的效果及临床价值.方法 回顾性分析60例行CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术患者的临床与影像资料.结果 60例患者中,57例经病理明确诊断,其中原发性肺癌47例(腺癌21例,鳞癌18例,小细胞癌3例,肺泡癌5例),转移性肺癌7例,结核3例.3例病理报告为慢性炎症,未做出明确诊断, 术后病理证实干酪性肺炎2例,真菌感染1例.60例患者穿刺成功率100.0%,诊断准确率95.0%,并发症发生率21.7%(气胸7例,占11.7%,出血5例,占8.3%,针道出血1例,占1.7%).结论 CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术是一种安全、准确、有较高临床应用价值的诊断和鉴别肺内病变的方法.     

CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术并发症的影响因素分析

目的探讨CT定位下经皮肺穿刺活检术并发症发生的影响因素。方法 CT引导下应用意大利PRECISA 18 G切割针对110例患者行经皮肺穿刺活检术,将患者的年龄、性别、病灶大小、切割组织块的多少、穿刺胸膜次数、穿刺时间、病灶深度、病灶周围炎症、慢性肺部病变等相关因素分为不同等级资料,卡方分析不同等级资料之间并发症发生率有无差异性,Logistic回归分析并发症发生的独立危险因素。结果 110例患者术后出现出血28例(占25.5%),气胸27例(占24.5%),卡方分析显示术后出血在病灶大小、病灶深度、穿刺时间及病灶周围炎症之不同组别之间存在差异性(P<0.05);术后气胸在穿刺胸膜次数、穿刺时间、病灶深度、慢性肺部病变之不同组间之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示病灶大小、病灶深度、病灶周围炎症在出血并发症中具独立危险因素,穿刺时间、穿刺胸膜的次数、慢性肺部病变在气胸并发症中具独立危险因素。结论肺穿刺活检术并发症的发生与病灶大小、穿刺胸膜次数、穿刺时间、病灶深度、病灶周围炎症、慢性肺部病变等相关。     

CT引导下肺实性结节切割活检术后出血与气胸的多因素分析

目的 探讨CT引导下经皮穿刺肺实性结节切割活检术后并发出血、气胸的危险因素.方法 回顾性分析肺实性结节(≤3 cm)320例经16 G半自动切割活检的临床及影像学资料,行单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析.结果 活检术后针道出血发生率33.1％,气胸发生率18.1％,良恶性诊断准确率约99.6％.针道长度是出血的独立危险因素,针道每增加3 cm,风险增加3.881倍,且风险也随穿刺时间(P=0.061)和穿胸膜次数(P=0.062)呈正相关.年龄、位置和针-胸膜夹角是气胸独立风险因素,年龄每增加10岁,风险增加2.102倍;上肺叶病灶显著低于下肺叶;针-胸膜夹角每增加20°,风险增加2.413倍,肺气肿以微弱差距(P=0.086)被排除方程之外.以出血、气胸概率值绘制ROC曲线,AUC值分别为0.753和0.725.结论 CT引导下肺实性结节切割活检术后出血、气胸的发生受多种因素影响,术前仔细评估,术中操作熟练度可以有效预判和降低出血、气胸的发生.     

吸烟对CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检并发症的影响

目的 探讨吸烟对CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检并发症的影响及其预防和处理.方法 对254例诊断不明的肺部结节病变男性患者进行CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术,分析吸烟对主要并发症发生的影响,以及并发症的预防和处理措施.结果 254例均穿刺成功,主要并发症为气胸和出血,其发生率分别为15.75% 、8.27%.吸烟组107例,35例发生并发症(32.71%);非吸烟组147例,发生并发症26例(17.69%),两者存在明显差异性(P< 0.05),尤其以气胸最为显著.结论 吸烟可影响CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术并发症的发生率,尤其以气胸最为显著.     

CT导向经皮肺活检的临床应用

31例肺部肿块病人在CT导向下作了经皮针吸肺活检术,其中肺癌16例,肺穿刺活检准确率87.5%;良性病变15例,肺穿刺活检准确率93%、术后气胸3例(9.7%),小量出血1例(3.2%).CT扫描图像清晰.病灶定位准确.因此CT导向经皮肺活检术安全、准确、成功率高,在肺部肿块的诊断中有重要作用.     

Precisa活检针在螺旋CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检诊断肺部病变准确性的分析

目的 分析影响螺旋CT引导下应用Precisa活检针经皮肺穿刺活检诊断肺部病变准确率的因素.方法 回顾性分析87例螺旋CT定位引导下应用Precisa活检针经皮肺穿刺活检资料,对切取病变组织肉眼观与手术病理结果的关系,穿刺的成功率以及并发症进行分析.结果 病灶穿刺成功率100%.确定病理诊断78例(89.65%),未明确诊断9例;术后并发症发生率19.5%,其中气胸8例,局部出血5例,咯血2例,经相应处理后缓解.结论 螺旋CT引导下用Precisa活检针经皮肺穿刺活检成功率与病理诊断率高,可为临床治疗方法的选择提供可靠依据.     

肺深部病变穿刺活检中两种不同活检枪的比较研究

目的 研究同轴套管型自动活检枪在肺深部病变穿刺活检中的应用价值.方法 144例肺深部病变穿刺病例,根据所用器械不同分为两组,其中A组83例采用同轴套管型自动活检枪,B组61例采用普通自动活检枪.统计每组的活检阳性率、诊断准确率、气胸发生率及针道出血发生率,对两组数据进行比较分析.结果 两组比较在活检阳性率及诊断准确率上无显著性差异,在气胸及针道出血的发生率上A组较B组明显降低,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 在肺深部病变的穿刺活检中,采用同轴套管型自动活检枪不影响活检阳性率及诊断准确率,且较之采用普通自动活检枪更安全、更方便,值得临床推广.     

CT引导下肺内孤立性病变经皮穿刺活检并发症的分析

目的分析肺外围型孤立病变CT引导下经皮穿刺活检并发症的原因。方法选取2002-10～2004-10连续2年内的所有肺内外围型孤立病变行CT引导下肺穿刺活检的患者71例,回顾性研究总结穿刺活检的并发症发生率与年龄、性别、穿刺针所经肺组织深度、肿块周围有无肺气肿表现、穿刺的次数、穿刺针的粗细等几个方面的关系。结果并发症共26例次,气胸3例(4.23%),肺内出血9例(12.67%),出现血痰或血痰加重13例(18.3%),胸膜反应1例(1.41%)。经统计学分析,并发症的发生与穿刺针所经肺组织深度、病变周围肺气肿及穿刺次数和穿刺针的粗细有明显的相关性。结论CT引导下肺内病变经皮穿刺活检并发症以血痰最常见。病灶离胸膜的间距、病灶周围肺气肿、穿刺次数及穿刺针粗细是经皮穿刺肺活检并发症的危险因素。     

CT导引下经皮肺组织活检术常见并发症及穿刺体会

目的分析CT导引下经皮肺组织活检术常见并发症,探讨穿刺操作技巧在减少手术并发症中的作用。方法收集2006年6月-2007年6月肺内实质性占位病灶行经皮肺肿块穿刺活检术116例,分析并发症的种类、主要并发症及其处理措施,探讨CT导引下经皮肺内肿物穿刺过程及其体会。结果116例经皮肺肿块穿刺活检术均穿刺成功。发生的并发症主要有气胸(15.5%)、穿刺道出血(10.3%),咯血(4.3%),其他(1.7%)。除1例气胸患者予以胸腔闭式引流外,余均未作特殊处理。结论CT导引下经皮肺穿刺术是一项安全有效的诊断技术。穿刺术前病灶评估、术中精确定位及正确训练患者呼吸运动以配合穿刺操作可减少并发症。     

CT-guided needle biopsy of the lung: factors affecting risk of complications

PURPOSE: To analyze factors influencing the risk of complications associated with CT-guided percutaneous needle biopsy for lung lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty patients, aged 24-85 years (37 men and 23 women), underwent CT-guided needle biopsy. A definite diagnosis was made in 49 of 60 cases (81.7%), including 38 of 43 malignant lesions (88.4%) and 11 of 17 benign lesions (64.7%). Complications associated with biopsy were observed in 35 patients (58.3%). Major complications included pneumothorax (n = 26) and pulmonary hemorrhage (n = 20). Chest tube placement was needed in 5 (19.2%) of 26 pneumothorax cases (8.3% of all biopsies). RESULTS: The high frequency of pneumothorax (43.3%) in this series had several contributing factors, including the presence of pulmonary emphysema, lesion size, and traversal of aerated lung. Chest tube replacement was necessary more frequently in patients with pulmonary emphysema. The number of pleural passes, location of lesions, and size of needles were not correlated with the incidence of pneumothorax. CONCLUSION: The presence of pulmonary emphysema, lesion size, and traversal of aerated lung are the predominant risk factors for pneumothorax in patients with CT-guided lung biopsy.     

Variables affecting the risk of pneumothorax and intrapulmonal hemorrhage in CT-guided transthoracic biopsy

The influence of various variables on the rate of pneumothorax and intrapulmonal hemorrhage associated with computed tomography (CT)-guided transthoracic needle biopsy of the lung were evaluated retrospectively. One hundred and thirty-three patients underwent CT guided biopsy of a pulmonary lesion. Two patients were biopsied twice. Variables analyzed were lesion size, lesion location, number of pleural needle passes, lesion margin, length of intrapulmonal biopsy path and puncture time. Eighteen-gauge (18G) cutting needles (Trucut, Somatex, Teltow, Germany) were used for biopsy. Pneumothorax occurred in 23 of 135 biopsies (17%). Chest tube placement was required in three out of 23 cases of pneumothorax (2% of all biopsies). Pneumothorax rate was significantly higher when the lesions were located in the lung parenchyma compared with locations at the pleura or chest wall (P < 0.05), but all pneumothorax cases which required chest tube treatment occurred in lesions located less than 2 cm from the pleura. Longer puncture time led to an increase in pneumothorax rate (P < 0.05). Thirty-seven (27%) out of 135 biopsies showed perifocal hemorrhage. Intrapulmonal biopsy paths longer than 4 cm showed significantly higher numbers of perifocal hemorrhage and pneumothorax (P < 0.05). Significantly more hemorrhage occurred when the pleura was penetrated twice during the puncture (P < 0.05). Lesion size <4 cm is strongly correlated with higher occurrence of perifocal hemorrhage (P < 0.05). Lesion margination showed no significant effect on complication rate. CT-guided biopsy of smaller lesions correlates with a higher bleeding rate. Puncture time should be minimized to reduce pneumothorax rate. Passing the pleura twice significantly increases the risk of hemorrhage. Intrapulmonal biopsy paths longer than 4 cm showed significantly higher numbers of perifocal hemorrhage as well as pneumothorax.     

Complications After Transthoracic Needle Biopsy of Pulmonary Nodules: A Population-Level Retrospective Cohort Analysis

ObjectiveTo provide recent population-based estimates of transthoracic needle biopsy (TTNB) complications and risk factors associated with these complications.MethodsThis retrospective cohort analysis included adults from a nationally representative longitudinal insurance claims data set who underwent TTNB in 2017 or 2018. Complications that were evaluated included pneumothorax, hemorrhage, and air embolism. Separate logistic regression models estimated the association of pneumothorax or hemorrhage with the setting of care (ie, inpatient or outpatient) and selected baseline patient demographic and clinical characteristics including age, gender, history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diagnosis of pleural effusion, tobacco use, use of oral anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents, prior lung cancer screening, previous bronchoscopy within 1 year, and Elixhauser comorbidity index.ResultsAmong 16,971 patients who underwent TTNB, 25.8% experienced a complication within 3 days of the procedure (pneumothorax 23.3%, hemorrhage 3.6%, and air embolism 0.02%). Among patients who experienced pneumothorax, 31.9% required chest tube drainage. Among patients undergoing an outpatient TTNB (n = 12,443), 6.9% were hospitalized within 7 days. Biopsy in an inpatient setting, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease diagnosis, and prior bronchoscopy were associated with higher rates of both pneumothorax and hemorrhage. Prior lung cancer screening was associated with an increased risk of pneumothorax, and prior use of oral anticoagulants or antiplatelets was associated with higher rates of hemorrhage.ConclusionThis contemporary population-based cohort study demonstrated that approximately one-quarter of patients undergoing TTNB experienced a complication. Pneumothorax was the most frequent complication, and hemorrhage and air embolism were rare. Among outpatients, complications from TTNB are an important cause of hospitalization.     

Pulmonary Hemorrhage Following Percutaneous Computed Tomography-Guided Lung Biopsy: Retrospective Review of Risk Factors,Including Aspirin Usage

BackgroundTo evaluate the significance of aspirin, as well as, other potential confounding risk factors, on the incidence and volume of pulmonary hemorrhage in patients undergoing percutaneous computed tomography-guided lung biopsy.MethodsThis retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board. Between September 2013 and December 2014, 252 patients taking aspirin underwent transthoracic computed tomography-guided lung biopsy. Patient, technical, and lesion-related risk factors were evaluated. Univariate analysis was performed with a Student's t test, chi-square test, or Fisher's exact test, as appropriate followed by multivariate logistic regression.ResultsOf 252 patients, 49 (19.4%) continued or stopped aspirin ≤4 days prior to biopsy and 203 (80.6%) patients stopped aspirin ≥5 days prior to biopsy. Pulmonary hemorrhage occurred in 174 cases (69.0%). The median volume of hemorrhage was 3.74 cm³ (range, 0-163.5 cm³). Multivariate analysis revealed that lesion size (P < 0.0001) and lesion depth (P < 0.0001) were independent risk factors for the incidence of pulmonary hemorrhage, while lesion size (P = 0.0035), transgression of intraparenchymal vessels (P < 0.0001), and lesion depth (P = 0.0047) were independent risk factors for severity of hemorrhage. Aspirin stopped ≤4 days from a percutaneous lung biopsy was not associated with pulmonary hemorrhage.ConclusionAspirin taken concurrently or stopped within 4 days of transthoracic lung biopsy is not an independent risk factor for pulmonary hemorrhage. The incidence of hemorrhage following lung biopsy is associated with lesion size and depth, while the severity of hemorrhage is associated with lesion size, depth, as well as traversal of intraparenchymal vessels.     

MAGNUM活检枪经皮肺穿刺活检的临床应用

目的:探讨CT导向下MAGNUM活检枪在经皮肺穿刺活检术中的临床应用价值.方法:对临床及影像学不能确诊的肺部病变94例行CT导向下MAGNUM活检枪经皮肺穿刺活检.结果:94例(100%)穿刺成功;88例(94%)获得正确诊断,其中肺癌53例,结核16例,慢性炎性病变19例;并发症主要为气胸和出血,其发生率分别为9%和16%.结论:CT导向下MAGNUM活检枪经皮肺穿刺活检术操作简便,诊断准确,值得临床进一步推广应用.     

肺隐球菌病CT导向下经皮穿刺活检的诊断价值

目的：探讨CT导向下经皮穿刺肺活检对肺隐球菌的诊断价值。方法：回顾性分析11例经皮肺穿刺活检病理证实的肺隐球菌病的病例资料,所有病例均行CT检查,其中9例平扫,2例直接增强,11例行细针抽吸及切割活检送病理组织学检查。结果：CT显示单发肺结节4例,多发肺结节5例,2例呈实变样表现,11例经细针抽吸活检2例可疑隐球菌病,切割活检11例均确诊为隐球菌病,发生少量气胸1例。结论：对于肺部难以确诊的肺隐球菌病例,CT导向下经皮穿刺切割活检是一种安全有效的方法。     

多层螺旋CT在经皮穿刺肺组织活检中的应用价值

目的探讨多层螺旋CT(MSCT)引导下经皮穿刺肺组织活检的技术方法,并评价MSCT在经皮穿刺肺组织活检中的应用价值。资料与方法对42例患者的42个肺部病灶进行MSCT引导下经皮穿刺肺活检。结果42个病灶均成功穿刺(成功率为100%)。肺外周小病灶的一次穿刺成功率为88.2%(15/17),肺门部病灶的一次穿刺成功率为86.7%(13/15)。病理检出40例,诊断成功率和活检准确率均为95.2%。术后并发肺出血2例,发生率为4.8%;气胸2例,发生率为4.8%。结论MSCT引导不仅能提高经皮穿刺肺外周部小病灶和肺门部病灶的技术成功率、诊断成功率和活检准确性,而且能减少并发症的发生。     

胸膜外定位法CT导引下经肺穿刺活检

目的 探讨胸膜外定位(EPL)法行CT导引下经肺穿刺活检,在减少气胸发生率和气胸量方面的应用价值.方法 选取行CT导引下肺穿刺活检中肺内病变与相邻胸膜不接触的患者共115例,根据定位方法的不同,分为EPL组46例、病灶边缘定位(EEL)组69例,两组患者又根据病变外缘沿穿刺方向与胸壁内缘的距离分为近距组(距离≤2era)和远距组(距离>2cm),对比两组患者气胸发生率与气胸量,并进行行×列表X2检验.分别记录并计算两组活检针在肺内的滞留时间及其平均值.结果 EPL组气胸发生率为45.7%(21/46),脏壁层胸膜最大距离0.2～2.5cm,中位数0.4cm;IZL组气胸发生率为66.7%(46/69),脏壁层胸膜最大距离0.2～9.0cm,中位数0.3cm.病灶与胸膜距离≤2cm时,EPL组气胸发生率为39.4%(13/33);LEL组气胸发生率为73.2%(30/41),两组差异有统计学意义(X2=9.981,P=0.019).病灶与胸膜距离>2cm时,EPL组气胸发生率略低于LEL,但两组差异无统计学意义.EPL组活检针在肺内的滞留时间为(7.2±1.8)s,LEL组为(58.3±11.6)s.结论 EPL法CT导引下肺穿刺活检能明显缩短活检针在肺内的滞留时间,减少气胸发生率及产生的气胸量,具有一定价值,是一种值得推广的新方法.     

Pneumothoraces and chest tube placement after CT-guided transthoracic lung biopsy using a coaxial technique: incidence and risk factors

OBJECTIVE: This study investigates factors influencing the risk of pneumothorax and chest tube placement in patients undergoing CT-guided transthoracic lung biopsy for pulmonary lesions using a coaxial technique. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study included 307 patients with pulmonary lesions biopsied under CT guidance. Patient-related parameters considered were age, sex, presence of emphysema or bullae, and lung function data. Lesion-related variables were size, location, cavitary appearance on CT, pleural contact, and depth of the lesion. Procedure variables were duration, type of needle, and experience of the operator. All variables were analyzed as single and multiple dependent variables for occurrence of pneumothorax. RESULTS: Pneumothorax occurred in 61 (19.9%) of the 307 patients, and chest tube placement was required in six patients (2.0%). Univariate analysis showed that lesion size, lesion location, lesion depth, and difficulty of the procedure were significantly associated with a higher rate of pneumothorax. Using multivariate logistic regression analysis, we found that lesion depth from the pleural entry point was the sole variable that was significantly associated with an increased risk of pneumothorax. This risk increased with the depth of the lesion. Chest tube placement was required more frequently in patients with severe emphysema, obstructive lung disease, or hyperinflation. CONCLUSION: Lesion depth is the predominant risk factor for pneumothorax in patients undergoing CT-guided transthoracic lung biopsy. Chest tube placement is necessary more frequently in patients with severe emphysema, obstructive lung disease, or hyperinflation.