洛沙坦和依那普利对SHR血管平滑肌细胞凋亡的影响

目的动态观察自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)血管平滑肌细胞(VSMC)的凋亡,探讨血管紧张素II AT1-R阻滞剂洛沙坦和血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂依那普利降压治疗对SHR VSMC凋亡的影响.方法末端标记法(TUNEL)和透射电镜技术检测细胞凋亡,RT-PCR和免疫组化方法分别检测Bax、Bcl-2基因及其蛋白的表达.结果从12 ～ 24周龄,SHR VSMC凋亡逐渐减低,24周龄时,凋亡指数(APOI)低于同周龄正常血压大鼠(WKY)(P<0.05);洛沙坦和依那普利降压治疗8和12周,分别使APOI增加了36%、51%和71%、35%(P<0.05).随周龄增加,SHR胸主动脉Bax基因表达逐渐下调,与APOI变化趋势一致,依那普利治疗12周时,使Bax基因表达上调(P<0.05);各实验组均未检测出Bcl-2基因的表达.依那普利和洛沙坦降压治疗可使SHR胸主动脉Bax蛋白表达上调,BCL-2蛋白下调.结论 VSMC凋亡不足可能是血管肥厚的主要原因之一;洛沙坦、依那普利长期降压治疗,可促进血管平滑肌细胞凋亡,其机制可能是通过促进Bax蛋白表达和/或抑制Bcl-2蛋白表达实现.     

应用RNA阵列技术检测自发性高血压大鼠不同组织NOSⅢ基因表达

目的:探讨自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)不同组织一氧化氮合酶Ⅲ(NOS Ⅲ)基因表达改变及其在高血压形成中的作用.方法:提取2、4、6、8、10、12不同周龄雄性SHR和正常血压大鼠(WKY)心室肌、血管平滑肌、肝脏和肾脏组织的总RNA,利用高通量RNA阵列技术(RNA array)检测SHR和对照组WKY不同组织NOS Ⅲ mRNA表达的改变.结果:与同周龄WKY相比较,SHR在6、8、10、12周龄血压出现显著性升高[(158.50±7.69 vs 108.67±5.89,174.33±4.46 vs 128.50±4.97,198.00±13.45 vs 142.00±3.58,216.67±8.91 vs 141.17±4.92) mmHg,P均<0.01],10、12周龄心室肌重量/体重比出现显著增加[(4.08±0.17 vs 3.59±0.11,4.05±0.18 vs 3.40±0.19)mg/g,P均<0.01],心肌中NOS Ⅲ基因表达在6、8、10、12周龄出现显著性升高,(1.12±0.18 vs 0.90±0.15,1.46±0.34 vs 1.06±0.18,1.66±0.31 vs 1.21±0.30,1.98±0.40 vs 1.31±0.38,P＜0.05),肾脏组织NOS Ⅲ基因表达在4、6、8、10、12周龄出现显著性升高(1.10±0.21 vs 0.81±0.11,1.28±0.18 vs 0.95±0.13,1.31±0.23 vs 0.99±0.23,1.70±0.30 vs 1.08±0.25,1.83±0.33 vs 1.15±0.20,P＜0.05).肝脏组织中NOS Ⅲ基因表达无显著性差异(P均>0.05),血管平滑肌中未见上述基因的明显表达.结论:NOS Ⅲ mRNA表达的继发性增加是高血压发生和发展过程中重要的分子生物学机制.     

自发性高血压大鼠肾脏血管紧张素转换酶2的表达

目的  观察不同月龄的自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)的肾脏血管紧张素转换酶2(ACE2)的mRNA和蛋白质表达水平,探讨ACE2与血压状态的内在联系。  方法  12周龄雄性自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)18只和12周龄Wistar-Kyoto(WKY)大鼠18只。随机分为SHR组和WKY组,每组抽取各9只处死后与喂养12周后处死的24周龄大鼠一并进行ACE2的检测。采用实时定量RT-PCR法检测ACE2 mRNA的表达,免疫组织化学检测ACE2蛋白的表达。  结果  与同周龄WKY组比较,SHR组大鼠的血压显著增加(P均＜0.001),ACE2 mRNA表达显著降低(P均＜0.001);与12周龄SHR组比较,24周龄SHR的血压显著增加(P＜0.01),ACE2 mRNA表达显著降低(P＜0.01);与同周龄的WKY组比较,SHR组肾脏ACE2免疫染色表达显著减少。 结论  肾脏ACE2 mRNA和蛋白质的表达与血压升高相关。     

新型气体信号分子二氧化硫对自发性高血压大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

目的 探讨新型气体信号分子二氧化硫(SO2)对自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)主动脉平滑肌细胞增殖与凋亡的调节作用.方法 4周龄SHR大鼠随机分为SHR对照组、Na2SO3/NaHSO3组(外源性SO2供体组),每组8只.4周龄正常血压Wistar Kyoto(WKY)大鼠8只作为正常对照(WKY对照组).5周后检测大鼠血压及主动脉形态学指标,以高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定血浆SO2水平;采用原位缺口末端标记方法(TUNEL)检测大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞凋亡;采用免疫组织化学方法检测主动脉平滑肌细胞增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)及凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2、Fas和半胱氨酸蛋白水解酶(caspase)-3的表达,并进行图像分析.结果 5周后SHR对照组血压、血管壁厚与内径比均明显高于WKY对照组[(172±10)mm Hg vs(112±9)mm Hg、0.073±0.004 vs 0.057±0.004,均P<0.01,1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa],血浆SO2水平显著低于WKY对照组[(6.4±1.5)μmol/L vs(11.3±1.0)μmol/L],主动脉平滑肌细胞增殖指数高(0.32±0.06 vs 0.05±0.03),而凋亡指数小(0.16±0.07 vs0.30±0.19),主动脉平滑肌细胞Bcl-2蛋白表达高(0.209±0.007 vs 0.202±0.006,P<0.01),Fas、caspase-3蛋白表达弱(0.205±0.006 vs 0.211±0.005、0.229±0.005 vs 0.244±0.010,均P<0.01).外源性SO2供体组与SHR对照组比较,血压低[(128±7)mm Hg],血管壁厚与内径比低(0.066±0.002),血浆SO2含量高[(8.3±1.0)μmoL/L],主动脉平滑肌细胞增殖指数低(0.14±0.03),凋亡指数高(0.40±0.11),主动脉平滑肌细Bcl-2蛋白表达低(0.199±0.006),Fas和caspase-3蛋白呈高表达(分别为0.218±0.003、0.251±0.011,均P<0.01).结论 SO2可抑制高血压大鼠主动脉血管平滑肌细胞增殖、促进其细胞凋亡.SO2促进细胞凋亡的途径可能与其对主动脉平滑肌细胞Bcl-2蛋白表达的抑制作用以及对Fas和caspase-3蛋白表达的促进作用有关.     

5-LO在SHR大鼠脑动脉平滑肌细胞中的表达及意义

【摘要】 目的 探讨5脂氧合酶（5-LO）在自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)脑动脉平滑肌细胞中的表达及意义。方法 选取16周龄雄性SHR和WKY大鼠,各15只,WKY大鼠作为正常对照。采用免疫荧光法检测5-LO在脑动脉血管中的表达,透射电镜观察动脉内膜表现,ELISA检测血清及动脉5-LO表达。结果 WKY大鼠动脉内膜光滑,平滑肌细胞排列整齐无增生,SHR大鼠内皮细胞肿胀,平滑肌细胞肥大变形排列紊乱;SHR大鼠脑动脉平滑肌细胞5-LO荧光强度为（110.93±5.92）,明显强于WKY大鼠（P＜0.05）;SHR大鼠血清和脑动脉5-LO水平分别为（2671.04±30.18）ng/l和（1950.04±30.08）ng/l,明显高于WKY大鼠,差异比较有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 5-LO在SHR大鼠脑动脉平滑肌细胞和血液中表达异常增高,可能在高血压脑血管损害过程中起作用。     

N-ras在自发性高血压和两肾一夹型高血压大鼠肾脏动脉丛表达的比较研究

目的比较观察N-ras在自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)和两肾一夹型高血压大鼠(2K1C)肾脏血管平滑肌细胞中的表达,探讨N-ras与高血压肾脏血管重构的关系及高血压血管重构发生的机制。方法用免疫组织化学和Western blot方法检测16周龄和24周龄SHR大鼠和2K1C大鼠肾脏血管丛平滑肌细胞以及肾小球内皮细胞中N-ras的表达,同周龄正常血压WKY大鼠作为对照。结果 N-ras在SHR组和2K1C组表达高于WKY组(P<0.05)。N-ras在16周龄和24周龄2K1C组各级肾脏血管丛,包括小叶间动脉、弓形动脉、叶间动脉和入球小动脉的血管平滑肌细胞,以及肾小球内皮细胞的表达均高于SHR组(P<0.05)。结论癌基因N-ras的高表达可能参与了高血压大鼠肾脏的血管重构,两肾一夹型高血压大鼠肾脏中的N-ras表达高于自发性高血压大鼠。     

辛伐他汀对自发性高血压大鼠左心室肥厚的影响及与蛋白激酶B表达的关系

目的探讨辛伐他汀逆转左心室肥厚(LVH)的作用及其分子生物学机制。方法16只雄性自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)分为SHR对照组和SHR治疗组,分别给予安慰剂及辛伐他汀灌胃治疗,年龄、性别、数量配对的Wistar Kyoto(WKY)大鼠给予安慰剂治疗作为正常对照组,观察辛伐他汀对大鼠收缩压和左心室重量/体重比值(LVW/BW)的影响,采用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT PCR)检测心肌组织心钠素mRNA表达,RT PCR和Western印迹检测心肌组织蛋白激酶B(PKB)的mRNA和蛋白表达水平。结果(1)SHR对照组和SHR治疗组大鼠的收缩压分别为221mmHg±10mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa)和217mmHg±8mmHg,均显著高于正常对照组大鼠(126mmHg±6mm Hg),差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01),SHR治疗组大鼠收缩压与SHR对照组相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(2)SHR对照组大鼠的LVM/BW为4.10mg/g±0.13mg/g,明显高于正常对照组(3.04mg/g±0.12mg/g),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),而SHR治疗组的LVM/BW(3.73mg/g±0.08mg/g)明显低于SHR对照组(P<0.01)。(3)SHR对照组大鼠心肌组织心钠素的mRNA表达水平(0.44±0.03)明显高于正常对照组(0.17±0.03),SHR治疗组心钠素的表达水平(0.27±0.03)明显低于SHR对照组(均P<0.01)。(4)SHR对照组大鼠PKB的mRNA表达水平(0.45±0.05)和蛋白表达水平(62±     

背向散射积分评价自发性高血压大鼠左室心肌纤维化及苯那普利的干预作用

目的通过分析超声背向散射积分(IBS)参数的变化评价苯那普利对自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)左室心肌纤维化的影响。方法14只雄性SHR随机分成模型对照组(SHR组,n=7)和药物干预组(SB组,n=7),另外选择7只雄性Wistar京都大鼠(WKY)作为正常对照组(WKY组)。SB组给予苯那普利灌胃(10 mg.kg-1.d-1),WKY及SHR组给予等量蒸馏水灌胃。每周秤体质量,调节用药量。12周后超声测量左室射血分数(LVEF)、IBS参数(包括IBS%和CVIB);对心肌组织进行Masson染色、嗜银染色及结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)免疫组织化学染色。结果3组间比较IBS%值SHR组&gt;SB组(P&lt;0.01)&gt;WKY组(P&lt;0.05),CVIB值SHR组SB组&gt;WKY组(均P&lt;0.01)。IBS%与CTGF、CVF、PVCA、APFVF、T/D呈正相关。结论高血压大鼠存在明显心肌纤维化,心肌CTGF表达增加;...     

重组人碱性成纤维细胞生长因子促冠状动脉血管新生的实验研究（摘要）

目的探讨重组人碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(rhbFGF)促冠状动脉血管新生的效果.方法无菌条件下开胸结扎兔冠状动脉左前降支(LAD),建立急性心肌梗塞动物模型;将bFGF基因克隆于原核系统表达载体并转染大肠杆菌pBV220-bFGF)/DH5α,经诱导表达后超声破碎,上清液经过CM-Sepharose阳离子交换程序及Heparin-Sepharose亲和程序两步纯化,得到纯度高达99%的rhbFGF,透析出盐、滤菌后备用.将自制的rhbFGF蛋白,直接四点注入兔缺血心肌内,通过病理切片光镜观察、图像分析、电镜及冠脉造影观察缺血心肌内血管新生情况.结果(1)术后不同时间描记的ECG变化及术后24 h,48 h心肌酶的改变均证实兔急性心肌梗塞(AMI)模型制作成功.(2)结扎LAD后6周(短期)及12周以上(长期),rhbFGF组与生理盐水(NS)对照组病理切片,随机观察10个高倍视野无平滑肌小血管计数分别为6周41.13±10.04,30.33±3.21,P<0.01;12周以上50.50±9.20,32.63±7.25,P<0.01;20周52.44±6.59,32.00±3.06,P<0.01;有平滑肌血管计数分别为6周16.25±5.23,10.75±4.25,P<0.01;12周以上16.88±4.87,11.25±5.09,P<0.01;20周16.25±2.22,11.00±3.35,P<0.01.(3)图像分析计算较大血管(管径≥100 μm)平均管壁厚度,rhbFGF组与NS对照组术后6周分别为(19.70±9.94)μm,(18.88±9.65)μm,P>0.05;12周以上分别为(29.87±12.96)μm,(24.13±11.33)μm,P<0.01;20周分别为(28.48±12.13)μm,(23.25±10.02)μm,P<0.01;平均管壁厚度与管腔大小的比值rhbFGF组与NS对照组6周分别为0.32±0.18,0.24±0.12,P<0.01;12周以上分别为0.33±0.14,0.25±0.09,P<0.01.20周分别为0.32±0.11,0.25±0.16,P<0.01;(4)电镜观察与NS对照组相比rhbFGF组心肌细胞间可见大量毛细血管生长;(5)结扎LAD6周rhbFGF组冠脉造影可见侧枝血管形成.结论rhbFGF有急性扩张冠脉及限制心肌梗塞面积的作用,缺血心肌内注射rhbFGF能促进冠状动脉血管新生,其有可能成为一种新的冠心病治疗方法.     

二氧化硫对自发性高血压大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞内质网应激的影响

目的探讨二氧化硫(sulfur dioxide,SO2)对自发性高血压大鼠(spontaneously hypertensive rat,SHR)主动脉平滑肌细胞内质网应激的调节作用。方法4周龄正常血压WKY(wistar-kyoto rat)大鼠7只作为WKY对照组。4周龄SHR大鼠12只分为SHR(spontaneously hypertensive rat)对照组及SHR+SO2供体(Na2SO3/NaHSO3)组,每组6只。5周后检测大鼠血压,采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定血浆SO2水平,采用免疫组织化学方法检测主动脉平滑肌细胞GRP78和caspase-12的蛋白表达。结果9周时SHR对照组血压明显高于WKY对照组,血浆SO2水平显著低于WKY对照组,主动脉平滑肌细胞GRP78和caspase-12蛋白表达显著增高。与SHR对照组比较,SHR+SO2供体组大鼠血压明显降低,血浆SO2含量升高,主动脉平滑肌细胞GRP78和caspase-12蛋白表达降低。结论SO2可能抑制高血压大鼠主动脉血管平滑肌细胞内质网应激反应的激活。     

细胞外调节激酶的表达及活化在不同年龄自发性高血压大鼠心肌肥厚中的作用

目的:研究不同年龄的自发性高血压大鼠(spontaneously hypertensive rat,SHR)心室肌组织中细胞外调节激酶(extracellular signal-regulated kinases,ERKs)的表达及活化与心肌肥厚的关系.方法:选择Wistar Kyoto(WKY)大鼠作对照,SHR和WKY大鼠按年龄分为5周、8周、14周和24周各4组,以左心室质量与体重的比值反映心肌肥厚的程度;采用Western blot方法测定大鼠左心室心肌组织中基础表达ERK (basal ERK,b-ERK)和磷酸化ERK(phosphorylated-ERK,p-ERK)的水平.结果:①与相同周龄WKY大鼠比较,SHR自8周龄起血压明显升高(P<0.001),14周后心肌肥厚指数明显增加(P<0.01).②各年龄组SHR与相同周龄WKY大鼠b-ERK水平比较均无明显差异(P>0.05). ③5周龄SHR p-ERK水平与同龄WKY大鼠无差异,8到24周SHR大鼠p-ERK水平明显高于同龄WKY大鼠(P<0.01).④心肌肥厚指数与b-ERK量无明显相关性,与p-ERK量呈正相关. 结论:在SHR大鼠心肌肥厚形成中,心肌组织b-ERK没有增加,p-ERK水平增高,ERK活性增加参与高血压心肌肥厚过程.     

新型气体信号分子二氧化硫对自发性高血压大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of sulfur dioxide (SO2) on the proliferation and apoptosis of aorta smooth muscle cells in hypertension rats and possible mechanism thereof. METHODS: Sixteen 4-week-old male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were randomly divided into 2 equal groups: control and Na2SO3/NaHSO3 (a SO2 donor)-treated group. Eight 4-week-old male WKY (Wistar Kyoto) rats were assigned for normal control group. Five weeks later, the pressure was measured. The rat aortas were dyed with Hart's method. The morphometric parameters were calculated by Leica workstation. The plasma level of SO2 was determined by HPLC method. VSMC apoptosis was measured by TUNEL technique. The expression levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Bcl-2, Fas and caspase-3 were detected by immunohistochemical assay. RESULTS: (1) Compared with those of the WKY rats, the blood pressure, ratio of media to lumen radius, and proliferation index (PI) of the SHRs were increased [(172 +/- 10) mm Hg vs (112 +/- 9) mm Hg, 0.073 +/- 0.004 vs 0.057 +/- 0.004, 0.32 +/- 0.06 vs 0.05 +/- 0.03, respectively], but the plasma level of SO2 and the apoptosis index (AI) were decreased in the SHRs [(6.4 +/- 1.5) micromol/L vs (11.3 +/- 1.0) micromol/L, 0.16 +/- 0.07 vs 0.30 +/- 0.19, respectively]. The expression of Bcl-2 was increased (0.209 +/- 0.007 vs 0.202 +/- 0.006), and the expression levels of Fas and caspase-3 of SHRs were both lower than those of the WKY rats (0.205 +/- 0.006 vs 0.211 +/- 0.005, 0.229 +/- 0.005 vs 0.244 +/- 0.010, respectively). (2) Compared with the SHR control group, the systolic blood and the ratio of media to lumen radius were decreased [(128 +/- 7) mm Hg, 0.066 +/- 0.002, respectively], but the plasma level of SO2 was increased [(8.3 +/- 1) micromol/L] for the SHR + Na2SO3/NaHSO3 group. PI was lower (0.14 +/- 0.03) and AI was higher (0.40 +/- 0.11) in SHR + Na2SO3/NaHSO3 group than those in SHR control group. The expression of Bcl-2 of VSMCs was down-regulated (0.199 +/- 0.006), but the levels of Fas and caspase-3 were up-regulated (0.218 +/- 0.003 and 0.251 +/- 0.011 respectively) in the SHR + Na2SO3/NaHSO3 group. CONCLUSION: SO2 may attenuate the structural remodeling through reducing the proliferation and enhancing the apoptosis of smooth muscle cells in SHRs. SO2 may modulate the process of apoptosis possibly through the downward regulation of the level of Bcl-2 and enhance the expression of Fas and caspase-3.     

血小板活性因子及其拮抗剂对大鼠肝硬化门脉高压的影响

目的探讨肝硬化时肝脏和血循环中血小板活性因子(PAF)的变化以及其对门脉高压的影响。方法CCl4腹腔注射8周(0·15ml/kg,2次/周)诱导大鼠肝硬化,快速3H-PAF液闪检测肝及循环中PAF水平;受体饱和结合实验分析肝组织PAF结合能力;监测外源性PAF及其拮抗剂BN52021对门脉压和系统动脉压的影响。结果与对照组相比,肝硬化时肝内PAF、肝脏输出PAF及肝内生PAF水平明显升高,分别4·0ng/g±0·4ng/gvs2·7ng/g±0·5ng/g(P<0·01)、6·3ng/ml±0·6ng/mlvs3·4ng/ml±0·6ng/ml(P<0·01)、1·0ng/ml±0·6ng/mlvs-0·3ng/ml±0·5ng/ml(P<0·01);肝组织PAF结合能力Bmax明显升高(2·8±0·21)fmol/μg膜蛋白vs(0·9±0·06)fmol/μg膜蛋白,P<0·01,而受体亲和力Kd差异无统计学意义(8·0nmol/L±1·3nmol/Lvs5·8nmol/L±1·0nmol/L,P>0·05)。肝硬化组基础门脉压升高(12·2mmHg±0·7mmHgvs5·3mmHg±0·6mmHg,P<0·01),系统动脉压降低(82mmHg±10mmHgvs114mmHg±9mmHg,P<0·01)。门脉注入PAF(1μg/kg)后,肝硬化组门脉压提高了32%(12·1mmHg±0·6mmHgvs16·0mmHg±0·7mmHg,P<0·01),升高幅度约为对照组的227%(4·1mmHg±1·0mmHgvs1·8mmHg±0·3mmHg,P<0·01),而系统动脉压在两组均下降(肝硬化组由82mmHg±10mmHg降至48mmHg±4mmHg,P<0·01;对照组由114mmHg±9mmHg降至52mmHg±4mmHg,P<0·01)。门脉注入BN52021(5mg/kg),肝硬化组门脉压降低了16%(14·6mmHg±1·6mmHgvs12·3mmHg±0·8mmHg,P<0·05),而系统动脉压在肝硬化组和对照组均无明显变化(P>0·05)。结论肝硬化时肝脏合成PAF明显增加是循环血PAF升高的重要来源,并上调节肝的血流动力学影响门脉高压形成,其作用可被其拮抗剂BN52021部分逆转。     

Chronic treatment of enbrel in rats with isoproterenol- induced congestive heart failure limits left ventricular dysfunction and remodeling

Objective To investigate the effect of chronic treatment of enbrel (EB), a TNF- α antagonist, in a well defined congestive heart failure (CHF) rat model and test the hypothesis that chronic treatment of EB in CHF rats may limit the progression of Left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and structure remodeling and decrease cardiac IL- 1β levels. Methods We measured cardiac conformation, contractile performance and cytokines level in 8 age- matched normal adult rats (control group) and 8 rats with isoproterenol (ISO)- induced Heart failure (ISO group) and 8 rats with ISO- induced lesion but received EB treatment (EB group). Results LV end diastolic diameter and LV end systolic diameter in EB group were significantly less and LV fractional shortening was significantly larger than ISO group (9. 2±0. 3 mm vs 9. 5±0. 2 mm, 5. 8±0. 5 mm vs 6. 5±0. 3 mm, 0. 37±0. 03 vs 0. 31±0. 02,P&lt;0. 05,P&lt;0. 01,P&lt;0. 01 respectively）, but there was no significant difference of LV posterior wall thickness at end diastole between the two groups; LV end systolic pressure (P ES ), dp/dt max in EB group were significantly greater than ISO group (104. 8±4. 6 mm Hg vs 98. 4±4. 9 mm Hg, 8395±940 mm Hg/s vs 6898±612 mm Hg,P&lt;0. 05,P&lt;0. 01 respectively), and LV end diastolic pressure (P ED ), dp/dt min , time constant of LV relaxation were significantly lower than ISO group (3. 8±0. 6 mm Hg vs 7. 1±0. 8 mm Hg, -5963±475 mm Hg/s vs -5030±316 mm Hg/s, 15. 4±0. 8 ms vs 21. 3±1. 4 ms,P&lt;0. 01, respectively）. Although cardiac contractile performance in the EB group was greatly improved, there still was a big gap when compared with the control group. The ratio of LV weight to body weight in the EB group was significantly higher than control group （2. 82±0. 07 mg/g vs 2. 28±0. 08 mg/g,P&lt;0. 01）, but there was no significant difference when compared with the ISO group. There was no significant difference between the serum level of TNF- α in EB group and ISO group, the it could not be detected in control group. TNF- α levels in LV of EB group was significantly higher than control group, （757. 6±46. 8 pg/g vs 367. 5±22. 7 pg/g,P&lt;0. 01）, but there was no significant difference when compared with ISO group. The IL- 1β level in LV of EB group was significantly lower than ISO group （356. 2±28. 5 pg/g vs 518. 4±32. 5 pg/g,P&lt;0. 05）, and it could not be detected in control group. The serum level of IL- 1β could not be detected in any rats. Conclusion EB administered as soon as possible when ISO induced myocardial necrosis occurs can greatly improve cardiac contraction, and the improvement may be partly due to a decrease in the IL- 1β level in LV, besides the direct blocking effect of EB on TNF- α. EB can alleviate cardiac remodeling by its effect on LVEDD.      

自发性高血压大鼠硫化氢/胱硫醚γ-裂解酶体系的实验观察

目的　探讨硫化氢 /胱硫醚γ 裂解酶 (H2 S/CSE)体系在自发性高血压形成及发展中的变化及重要作用。方法　 4周龄雄性正常血压大鼠 (WKY) 8只 ,作为WKY对照组 (n =8) ,自发性高血压大鼠 (SHR) 16只 ,随机分为SHR对照组 (n =8)及SHR NaHS(外源性H2 S供体 )组 (n =8) ,其中SHR NaHS组每日腹腔注射NaHS ,WKY对照组及SHR对照组注射同样剂量的生理盐水。相同条件下饲养 5周后 ,检测其血压、左心与全心重量比 ,血浆H2 S水平、胸主动脉CSEmRNA转录水平以及胸主动脉显微结构。结果　 9周龄时SHR对照组大鼠血压显著高于WKY对照组大鼠 [(184±12 )mmHgvs (10 8± 2 3)mmHg ,1mmHg =0 .133kPa],左心与全心比值大于WKY对照组[(0 85 3± 0 0 2 1)vs (0 82 6± 0 0 2 4 ) ],胸主动脉CSEmRNA转录水平及血浆H2 S水平均低于WKY对照组大鼠 [(9 3± 0 7)× 10 -8fmolvs (16 1± 1 0 )× 10 -8fmol]及 [(2 0± 9) μmol/Lvs (4 8± 13)μmol/L],而胸主动脉显微结构结果显示胸主动脉外径、中膜面积、壁厚腔径比均大于WKY对照组大鼠 [外径 (1999± 4 5 ) μmvs (1790± 96 ) μm],中膜面积 (0 6 0± 0 0 6 )mm2 vs (0 4 8± 0 0 3)mm2 ,壁厚腔径比 (0 0 6 6± 0 0 0 6 )vs (0 0 6 0± 0 0 0 4 )。给予NaHS干预     

RNA干扰血管紧张素Ⅱ1a型受体对肾血管性高血压大鼠血压及心肌肥厚的影响

目的用RNA干扰技术下调血管紧张素Ⅱ1a型受体(AT1a)表达,观察其对肾血管性高血压及其心肌肥厚重构的影响。方法构建两肾一夹(two-kidney,one-clip:2K1C)高血压大鼠模型,用携带U6启动子和AT1a特异短发夹RNA(shRNA)编码序列的质粒pAT1a-shRNA1,pAT1a-shRNA2单次尾静脉注射给药,以含非特异性shRNA编码序列的无关质粒pGenesil-Con(pCon)、选择性AT1受体拮抗剂缬沙坦每日灌胃给药干预3周,无干预为对照,检测尾动脉压变化和颈动脉压水平、左心室重量与体重之比(LV/BW),并用Western-blot分析组织AT1受体表达情况。结果尾动脉压(与干预前比较):Blank组及pCon组继续升高25mmHg左右,pAT1a-shRNA1、pAT1a-shRNA2组下降15~16mmHg,缬沙坦组下降约30mmHg;颈动脉压和左室/体重之比:pAT1a-shRNA1(194mmHg±5mmHg;2·27±0·37)、pAT1a-shRNA2(200mmHg±5mmHg;2·31±0·26)、缬沙坦组(164mmHg±5mmHg;2·26±0·39)显著低于对照组(234mmHg±10mmHg;3·24±0·38)及pCon组(232mmHg±7mmHg;2·94±0·06);与对照组相比,pAT1a-shRNA1、pAT1a-shRNA2组左心室(分别下降53·3%和47·8%)和主动脉(分别下降58·7%和49·3%)组织内AT1受体表达显著减少。结论RNA干扰AT1a受体有效地抑制了肾血管性高血压进展及其心肌肥厚重构。RNA干扰技术可能成为高血压病基因治疗的一种新策略。     

All-trans retinoic acid in pulmonary vascular structural remodeling in rats with pulmonary hypertension induced by monocrotaline

Objective To determine whether all-trans retinoic acid (atRA) exerts an inhibitory effect on rats with pulmonary hypertension induced by monocrotaline.Methods All rats were given a single subcutaneous injection of either monocrotaline (60 mg/kg) or saline.Monocrotaline-injected rats received either atRA (30 mg· kg(-1)·day(-1)) or saline through oral-gastro intubation.On Days 7 , 14, 21, and 28 respectively after monocrotaline injection, cardiovascular cath eters were inserted to examine the mean pulmonary artery pressure of rats in eac h group.Meanwhile, the matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) mRNA expression an d hydroxyproline content in the main pulmonary artery were determined by RT-PCR and chromometry, respectively.Results The mean pulmonary artery pressure of rats in the model group increased signific antly on day 21 and reached a peak on Day 28 compared with the control group (25 .7±4.3 mm Hg vs 15.1±1.5 mm Hg and 38.5±6.4 mm Hg vs 16.4±2.0 mm Hg, P&lt;0.01).MMP-1 mRNA overexpression was present on Day 14 (0.72 ±0.15 vs 0.39±0.08, P&lt;0.01) and was rapidly down-regulated on Day 21 and 28 compared with Day 14, but was still higher than that in the control.The hydroxyoroline content of the main pulmonary artery dropped significantly on Da y 14 (4.01±1.13 μg/mg vs 5.10±0.91 μg/mg, P&lt;0.05) and increased s ignificantly on Days 21 and 28 compared with the control.atRA inhibited the MM P-1 mRNA overexpression from Day 14 to Day 28 and reduced the hydroxyproline co ntent (5.59±0.70 μg/mg vs 7.96±1.13 μg/mg and 7.77±0.96 μg/mg vs 9.93±1.27 μg/mg, P&lt;0.01) and the mean pulmonary artery pressure compa red with the model group (19.6±3.2 mm Hg vs 25.7±4.3 mm Hg and 26.3± 4.6 mm Hg vs 38.5±6.4 mm Hg, P&lt;0.01).Conclusion atRA inhibits MMP-1 overexpression and the accumulation of collagen, which migh t elicit favorable geometric remodeling in rat pulmonary hypertension induced by monocrotaline.     

L-精氨酸调节左向右分流所致肺动脉高压大鼠胶原代谢的研究

目的　探讨L 精氨酸 (L Arg)对高肺血流量所致肺动脉高压大鼠肺动脉胶原代谢的干预作用及其机制。方法　在大鼠行腹主动脉 下腔静脉分流造成的肺动脉高压模型基础上 ,给予L Arg灌胃 (1g·kg-1·d-1,11周 )。 11周后 ,观察肺血流动力学 ,采用免疫组织化学法检测大鼠肺动脉Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原蛋白的表达 ,以原位杂交法检测Ⅰ、Ⅲ型前胶原蛋白α1(Ⅰ )mRNA、α1(Ⅲ )mRNA、基质金属蛋白酶 1(MMP 1)mRNA、抑制胶原降解作用的中性蛋白酶组织抑制剂 1(TIMP 1)mRNA的表达。结果　分流 11周后 ,肺动脉高压形成。分流组大鼠肺中、小型肺动脉中Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原、α1(Ⅰ )、α1(Ⅲ )前胶原mRNA表达与对照组比较明显增加 ,同时TIMP 1mRNA、MMP 1mRNA表达、TIMP 1/MMP 1比值明显高于对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。然而 ,L Arg明显缓解了分流组大鼠肺动脉高压。分流 +L Arg组大鼠肺中、小型肺动脉中Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原、α1(Ⅰ )、α1(Ⅲ )前胶原mRNA表达较分流组明显降低 ,且TIMP 1mRNA、MMP 1mRNA表达、TIMP 1/MMP 1比值较分流组显著降低 (P值均 <0 .0 5 )。结论　L Arg通过减少细胞外基质 胶原的堆积 ,增加其降解 ,从而对高肺血流量所致肺动脉高压及肺动脉血管结构重建的形成有重要的调节作用。