韦氏记忆测验、临床记忆量表在颅脑损伤后伤残鉴定的应用情况分析

目的:比较韦氏记忆测验和临床记忆量表在颅脑损伤患者的应用情况,探讨在该类患者的适用性.方法:对206例颅脑损伤恢复期患者作韦氏记忆测验、300例作临床记忆量表检测,并完成临床实际记忆损伤评估,对照分析结果.结果:①两个量表间记忆商数存在显著差异;②两个量表所得记忆商数都与临床实际评定存在较多不一致,韦氏记忆测验更明显.结论:①在正常或较轻的颅脑损伤后记忆损伤患者,两个量表有相似的检测结论,但在记忆损伤较严重的患者,临床记忆量表有更好的适用性;②不能仅依据测量工具的记忆商数,而要结合其它资料才能更准确地评估记忆功能状况.     

汉语阅读障碍儿童的认知能力[I]

目的 :探讨汉语阅读障碍 (RD)儿童的认知功能特点。方法 :符合ICD -10阅读障碍诊断标准的 172例患儿和 6 3例正常儿童纳入研究 ,以韦氏儿童智力量表 (C -WISC)和韦氏记忆量表 (WMS -RC)以及汉语阅读技能诊断测验 (CRSDT)作为诊断与评估工具。结果 :RD儿童智力与记忆测验成绩明显低于正常儿童 (p <0 0 1) ,RD儿童PIQ与VIQ的差异比对照组明显 (p <0 0 1)。结论 :RD儿童存在多方面的认知功能缺陷 ,RD儿童左右半球功能不平衡。     

精神分裂症患者利培酮治疗前后认知功能的研究

目的研究精神分裂症患者利培酮治疗前后认知功能是否有所改善.方法研究对象符合CCMD-3精神分裂症诊断标准,病程≤2年,首发住院,实际完成研究50例.采用中国修订的韦氏成人智力量表（WAIS-RC）,韦氏成人记忆量表（WMS-RC）,于治疗开始时和第8周末分别进行两次评定.利培酮的每日剂量为2～8mg.结果大多数分测验项目和言语智商、操作智商、智商总分、记忆商数,在治疗前后都有显著性差异.结论利培酮对精神分裂症患者的认知功能障碍有改善作用.     

Tourette综合征的神经心理综合研究

为了解Ｔｏｕｒｅｔｅ综合征（ＴＳ）的神经心理特点，本研究采用中国修订的韦氏儿童智力量表、韦氏儿童记忆量表、儿童用艾森克个性问卷和Ａｃｈｅｎｂａｃｈ儿童行为量表，对３９例（未用药组２２例，用药组１７例）７～１４岁ＴＳ患儿的神经心理功能进行了测试，并与１８例正常对照组比较。结果表明：ＴＳ患儿智力测验和记忆测验中的背数、译码和视觉再生分测验量表分低于对照组。其个性测验中的神经质和精神质量表Ｔ分高于对照组，掩饰性量表Ｔ分低于对照组。其行为量表总分高于对照组。用药组的记忆商、理解记忆和累加分测验量表分低于未用药组。提示ＴＳ患儿存在着不同程度的神经心理缺陷。氟哌啶醇等药物对ＴＳ患儿的记忆功能可能产生一定的影响，但对智力、个性和行为无明显影响。     

汉语阅读障碍儿童的认知能力[II]

目的 :进一步探讨汉语阅读障碍 (RD)儿童的认知特点及其认知亚型。方法 :采用韦氏儿童智力量表 (C -WISC)和韦氏记忆量表 (WMS -RC)以及汉语阅读技能诊断测验 (CRSDT)对 172例患儿和 6 1例正常儿童进行诊断与评估。结果 :1 RD儿童在Bannatyne、Kaufman智力模型及ACID公式中各变量成绩均低于对照组 ,在Bannatyne智力模型表现出空间能力 >数序列能力 >言语概念化 >获得性知识 ;Kaufman智力模型中表现为左脑加工能力差于右脑加工。 2 聚类分析表明RD儿童可分为三组亚型。结论 :1 RD儿童存在多方面的认知功能缺陷 ,其左右半球功能不平衡。 2 RD儿童存在三种认知障碍亚型。     

重复性成套神经心理状态测验的信度、效度分析

目的:对用于精神障碍患者认知功能测评的重复性成套神经心理状态测验(Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status,RBANS)中文版的信度和效度作初步验证.方法:从北京市城乡方便取样,做横断面调查,451名健康人群完成RBANS测验,其中97人同时完成简易韦氏成人智力、韦氏记忆测验考察效标效度;41人间隔12周再次进行了RBANS测验.对获取的数据进行相关分析和因子分析.结果:反映内部一致性的Cronbach α系数在RBANS总量表为0.90,在即刻记忆、视觉广度、言语功能、注意、延迟记忆分量表分别为0.86,0.68,0.67,0.85,0.80.总量表的重测信度为0.90,5个分量表的重测信度分别为0.65,0.68,0.53,0.80,0.79(P均＜0.01).以简易韦氏成人智力、韦氏记忆测验为效标,结果除简易韦氏成人智力量表的言语得分与RBANS量表的视觉空间因子间相关性无统计学意义,RBANS与简易韦氏成人智力和韦氏记忆量表总分和各因子分均存在有统计学意义的正相关(r=0.21-0.59,P均＜0.01).验证性因素分析结果x2/df为4.13,相对拟合指数(CFI)为0.91,非范拟合指数(NNFI)为0.93,近似均方根误差(RMSEA)为0.079.12个分测验的完全标准化解(MI)分别为:0.80,0.74,0.61,0.38,0.61,0.90,0.66,0.60,0.81,0.60,0.81,0.73.结论:重复性成套神经心理状态测验是一个信效度比较好的认知功能评定工具.     

汉语阅读障碍儿童的认知能力[Ⅱ]

目的：进一步探讨汉语阅读障碍（RD）儿童的认知特点及其认知亚型。方法：采用韦氏儿童智力量表（C－WISC）和韦氏记忆量表（WMS－RC（）以及汉语阅读技能诊断测验（CRSDT）对172例患儿和61例正常儿童进行诊断与评估，结果：1．RD儿童在Bannatyne,Kaufman智力模型及ACID公式中各变量成绩均低于对照组，在Bannatyne智力模型表现出空间能力＞数序列能力＞言语概念化＞获得性知识；Kaufman智力模型中表现为左脑加工能力差于右脑加工。聚类分析表明RD儿童可分为三维亚型。结论：1．RD儿童存在多方面的认知功能缺陷，其左右半球功能不平衡。2．RD儿童存在三种认知障碍亚型。     

共患对立违抗性障碍的注意缺陷多动障碍儿童的认知特点研究

目的:探讨共患对立违抗性障碍(ODD)的注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童的认知功能特点.方法:以单纯ADHD ODD、单纯ADHD和正常儿童各36例(性别、年龄与ADHD亚型组间匹配)为研究对象,采用龚耀先修订的韦氏儿童智力量表、韦氏记忆量表、数字划消、Stroop测验和瑞文标准推理测验对其智力、记忆力、注意力水平及执行功能进行评定.结果:两病例组的常识、类同、译码、言语智商、操作智商、全量表智商、A因子、C因子、经历定向、心智、再生、触觉、长时记忆、短时记忆、记忆商、瑞文标准推理测验标准分、Stroop测验A完成时间、C完成时间和总完成时间的测验成绩与正常对照组的差异具有显著性,两病例组间差异无显著性;正常组数字划消测验总分有显著高于两病例组(F＝2.521,P＝0.093)及平均失误率显著低于两病例组的趋势(χ2＝5.150,P＝0.076);ADHD组和正常对照组在算术、数字广度、积木、B因子、Stroop测验B完成时间和D完成时间上的差异具有显著性;ADHD ODD组的瑞文标准推理测验标准分有优于ADHD组的趋势(Z=-1.674,P=0.094).结论:伴或不伴ODD的ADHD儿童有着相似的认知模式,如扩大样本量,可能发现共患病组在某些认知功能上与纯ADHD组的差异.     

强迫症患者认知功能与病期的关系

目的：探讨强迫症的认知功能障碍与病期的关系。方法：分别用韦氏记忆测验，数字划销测验和威斯康星卡片分类测验评估25例急性强迫症和36例慢性强迫症患者的记忆、注意和执行功能。结果：急性强迫症患者的记忆测验中记图和数字划销测验中第二阶段失误率显著性较慢性强迫症差，其余两组间记忆测验、划销测验和威斯康星卡片分类测验各量表分无显著性差异。结论：强迫症的认知功能与病期无明显相关。     

阿立派唑对精神分裂症认知功能及神经元特异性烯醇化酶水平的影响

目的探讨阿立哌唑对精神分裂症认知障碍的影响及其与血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)变化的关系。方法对60例精神分裂症患者予阿立哌唑治疗8周;治疗前后分别采用数字划销测验(CT)、修订韦氏成人记忆量表(WMS-RC)、威斯康星卡片分类测验(WCST)评估注意功能、记忆功能和执行功能,同时采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血清NSE浓度。对60名健康人(对照组)进行相同的认知功能和血清NSE浓度检测。结果治疗前患者组认知功能测验成绩各项目显著差于对照组(P<0.01),血清NSE水平显著高于对照组(t=7.00,P<0.01)。阿立哌唑治疗8周后,患者组CT的净分、WMS-RC的记忆商数有显著提高(t=-3.19,-6.97;P<0.05),CT的失误率及WCST的总测验次数、持续错误数、随机错误数均显著下降(t=4.37,2.05,3.86,2.88;P<0.05),同时血清NSE水平显著降低(t=5.67,P<0.05);治疗前患者组的CT失误率与NSE水平呈显著正相关(r=0.35,P<0.05),记忆商数与NSE水平呈显著负相关(r=-0.33,P<0.05),治疗8周末CT失误率下降值和记忆商增加值均与血清NSE水平下降值呈显著正相关(r=0.36,0.29;P<0.05)。结论阿立哌唑能显著改善精神分裂症患者的注意功能、记忆功能和执行功能。精神分裂症患者NSE水平与注意障碍,记忆障碍关系密切。     

Memory assessment using the Strub-Black Mental Status Examination and the Wechsler Memory Scale

A systematic mental status exam often can differentiate accurately patients with organic brain disease from normal persons and those with functional disorders. The present study attempts to validate the memory portion of the Strub-Black Mental Status Exam by comparing it to the Wechsler Memory Scale. Twenty-five brain-damaged and 25 routine medical patients were given Form I of the Wechsler Memory Scale and the memory portion of the Strub-Black Mental Status Exam at their hospital bedside. Results indicate significant differences in almost all scores between the brain-damaged and normal groups on both the Wechsler Memory Scale and Mental Status exam; the Mental Status Exam differentiated between groups at a higher level of significance of ANOVA and ANCOVA comparisons of total memory scores, as well as several subtests. In these samples, age, more than education, was an important factor that affected memory test performance. The Mental Status Examination appears valid for the differentiation of clinical samples and for the documentation of specific aspects of memory dysfunction in individual brain-damaged patients. This study represents a beginning step in providing normative data on components of the Strub-Black mental status examination.     

Concurrent validity of the Luria-Nebraska memory scale

Investigated the concurrent validity of the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery (LNNB) Memory Scale using the Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) as the criterion. For 32 psychiatric patients, the LNNB Memory Scale yielded a significant correlation with the WMS MQ, r (30) = −.65, p <.001. Moreover, there was a 72% agreement between the two scales with respect to the identification of memory impairment. Memory-impaired Ss earned a significantly higher (p <.01) mean T-score on the LNNB Memory Scale than did Ss without memory problems. It was concluded that the LNNB Memory Scale is an adequate measure of short-term memory.     

Wechsler Memory Scale: a selective review of the literature.

Research on the Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) is reviewed with respect to questions of its reliability, factor structure, construct validity, and utility. The relationship of Memory Quotient to Full Scale IQ is explored and the conditions under which disparity between the two scores may be clinically useful indicated. Despite its numerous limitations, the WMS has been a sensitive test of short-term verbal memory. As such, it may be helpful in identifying impairment of the dominant (left) temporal lobe and its medial hippocampal connections. The test is badly in need of re-standardization, however, and suggestions for improving the instrument are made.     

精神分裂症患者短时和瞬时记忆因子与精神症状严重性的关系

目的:探究精神分裂症患者精神症状严重程度对其记忆测试得分的影响。方法:对80例符合DSM-Ⅳ诊断标准的精神分裂症住院患者进行阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)、韦氏记忆力测试(Wechsler Memory Scale,WMS)的短时和瞬时记忆(再认、图片、联想、背数4项因子)测评,比较其间是否具有相关性。结果:通过双变量相关分析,精神分裂症患者PANSS阳性症状得分与WMS短时和瞬时记忆总得分具有显著负相关(r=-0.293,P=0.008),精神分裂症患者PANSS总得分与WMS短时和瞬时记忆总得分具有显著负相关(r=-0.285,P=0.010),精神分裂症患者PANSS一般精神症状得分与WMS短时和瞬时记忆总得分具有显著负相关(r=-0.230,P=0.040)。结论:精神分裂症患者精神症状严重程度(尤其是阳性症状得分)对其WMS短时和瞬时记忆测试得分产生显著的影响。     

难治性强迫症与非难治性强迫症认知功能比较研究

目的:比较难治性强迫症与非难治性强迫症认知功能差异。方法:采用韦氏记忆量表(WMS)、数字划销测验、威斯康星卡片分类测验(WCST)评估51例难治性强迫症和59例非难治性强迫症的记忆、注意、执行功能。结果:难治性强迫症的长时记忆较非难治性强迫症差,而两组其它记忆因子分及记商、数字划销测验、威斯康星卡片分类测验分差异无统计学意义。结论:难治性强迫症与非难治性强迫症认知功能无显著性差异。     

Unit analysis of prose memory in clinical and elderly populations

Interpretation of clinical memory tests generally emphasizes the quantitative aspects of recall. This study presents an additional unit analysis of the Logical Memory subtest of Russell's revision of the Wechsler Memory Scale for a variety of older adult groups. Patients' neuropsychological test data were reviewed, and the paragraphs from the Logical Memory subtest were analyzed using unit analysis (Rubin, 1978). The older adults consisted of a healthy group as well as groups whose diagnoses included Alzheimer's and multi‐infarct dementias, head trauma, and metabolic and affective disorders. Quantitative analyses of recall revealed group differences. Qualitative analysis of which memory units were recalled, however, showed similarities in memory processing among these groups.     

WMS-R and MAS correlations in a neuropsychological population.

The present study was an attempt to examine the relationship between the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (WMS-R; Wechsler, 1987) and the Memory Assessment Scale (MAS; Williams, 1991). The sample consisted of 51 patients referred for neuropsychological examination. Average age was 55.29 (SD = 20.94). Average education was 11.94 years (SD = 3.18). Average Full Scale IQ was 94.75 (SD = 15.44). The results showed that no MAS index correlated higher than.60 with any of the WMS-R indices. There was minimal specific prediction between instruments across each memory domain. Agreement between the tests clinically was low as well. Corrections for such factors as age, education, intelligence or diagnosis lowered the relationships between the tests although not significantly. Corrections to the correlations for the inherent reliability of each test increased correlations between the tests but still resulted in a maximum common variance of 56% (for the visual measures) down to 40% (for General Memory). These results are consistent with the argument that "general memory" is not as useful a construct as that of "general intelligence" and that these tests of general memory measure different underlying constructs. This has important impact on how we conceive and report memory test results.     

Differential declines in cognitive function with aging: The possible role of health status

The differential decline of memory (Wechsler Memory Scale Logical Memory and Visual Reproduction subtests) and “executive” cognitive skills (Halstead‐Reitan Category Test) and their relationship to health status were examined in this cross‐sectional study of 154 elderly individuals. Age‐related differences in memory were observed in both healthy and unhealthy participants. No overall age‐related differences were noted on the Category Test. Performance on this test, however, was related to health status, although memory performance was not.