体外受精-胚胎移植妇女的焦虑状态调查分析及心理护理对策

据统计，育龄夫妇中不孕症的发生率约为15％。自1978年首例试管婴儿诞生以来，体外受精-胚胎移植（IVF-ET）及卵细胞胞质内单精子注射（ICSI）技术日臻完善，使得越来越多的不孕夫妇达到了生育的目的。然而近年来，医护人员发现辅助生殖技术在为不育夫妇带来希望的同时，亦对其心理状态带来一系列负面影响。本文旨在通过研究IVF-ET患者治疗期间的焦虑状态，     

体外受精-胚胎移植妇女的焦虑状态调查分析及心理护理对策

据统计,育龄夫妇中不孕症的发生率约为15%[1].自1978年首例试管婴儿诞生以来,体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)及卵细胞胞质内单精子注射(ICSI)技术日臻完善,使得越来越多的不孕夫妇达到了生育的目的.     

舒适护理对肺癌患者心理状态的影响分析

目的:探讨舒适护理对肺癌患者心理状态的影响.方法:将94例肺癌患者随机分为对照蛆和实验组,对照组采用常规护理,实验组除常规护理外,还采用舒适护理干预,对两组患者治疗前后的SAS和SDS评分进行比较分析.结果:两组患者干预后SAS和SDS评分均有所下降,且实验组SAS和SDS评分明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).讨论:舒适护理干预能够有效地缓解肺癌患者焦虐和抑郁的心理状态,提高心理适应能力.     

心理护理对出血性脑卒中后抑郁患者康复的影响

目的探讨心理护理对出血性脑卒中后抑郁患者康复的影响。方法将128例手术治疗的出血性脑卒中后抑郁患者随机分为2组,各64例。2组患者均接受常规抗抑郁治疗。对照组行常规护理,治疗组采用认知干预、心理干预等护理。采用抑郁量表(HAMD)、日常生活活动能力(ADL)测定和运动功能(FMA)评分,评价2组疗效。结果经过6周护理和治疗后,观察组各项测评指标均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论心理护理能显著改善患者的抑郁症状和神经功能,有助于脑卒中后抑郁患者的全面康复。     

肺癌切除术患者心理分析及护理

目的探讨肺癌切除术后患者心理特点以及心理护理的临床意义。方法将78例肺癌切除术患者随机分为对照组和观察组,对照组39例患者行肺癌切除术后常规护理,观察组39例患者常规护理基础上行心理护理。对两组患者SDS、SAS量表进行评价,比较术后相关肺功能检查。结果实施特殊心理干预后,观察组SDS、SAS评分明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。观察组患者平均PO2、PCO2、SO2、平均治疗日与对照组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论肺癌患者切除术治疗后常表现出不同程度心理障碍,以抑郁和焦虑情绪多见,针对患者具体情况给予心理干预,能有效提高术后常规护理质量,在远期治疗上有积极意义。     

心理护理干预对精神分裂症患者抑郁情绪的影响

目的:观察心理护理干预对精神分裂症患者抑郁情绪影响效果。方法:选取2010年5月～2011年4月间在开滦精神卫生中心住院,符合CCMD-3精神分裂症诊断标准,伴有抑郁情绪的患者共71名作为观察对象,随机分为研究组(36例)和对照组(35例),在均接受系统精神科药物治疗和常规护理的基础上,对研究组进行为期8周的心理护理干预。采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HRSD)、BPRS分别在干预前、后对两组对象进行评定;结果数据使用SPSS 10.0进行t检验等统计学分析。结果:两组对象在干预前年龄、性别、病程、病程、首发、复发、HRSD、BPRS评分等方面无统计学差异;干预后两组HRSD、BPRS评分较干预前均有明显降低(P<0.001),但研究组HRSD、BPRS评分显著低于对照组(P<0.001,P<0.05)。结论:在对精神分裂症患者进行常规药物治疗和护理的同时,施行合理和个别化的心理护理干预能有效改善其抑郁情绪,同时,对其精神病性症状的改善也有一定的促进作用。     

甲状腺功能亢进患者心理护理

甲状腺功能亢进症(简称甲亢.临床表现以高代谢症群、神经兴奋性增高及甲状腺肿大等为特征,主要表现为心动过速或心悸、精神紧张、急躁易怒、怕热多汗、消瘦疲乏、体重减轻、四肢酸软、大便次数增多或腹泻、失眠多梦易惊醒等.成年人(20～40岁)多发,女性多于男性起病缓慢,病程较长,可反复发作,治疗和护理极易受患者心理因素影响.因此,针对患者的心理做认真分析,实施有效的心理护理,对减少甲亢的复发具有极其重要的实际意义.     

心理护理对阴茎部分切除患者抑郁状况的影响

目的探讨心理护理对阴茎部分切除患者抑郁状况的影响。方法对54例阴茎部分切除患者进行针对性心理护理，并在手术前后用Zung抑郁自评量表（SDS）或抑郁状态问卷（DSI）和自制问卷对患者手术前及出院前的抑郁状况及抑郁原因进行问卷调查。结果出院前患者抑郁程度减轻，与手术前比较，差异具有显著性意义（P〈0.01）。结论手术前后导致抑郁的首要原因分别为担心失去男性特征和担心性生活不良影响夫妻感情。针对性心理护理可有效缓解阴茎部分切除患者的抑郁状况。     

心理护理对阴茎部分切除患者抑郁状况的影响

目的 探讨心理护理对阴茎部分切除患者抑郁状况的影响.方法 对54例阴茎部分切除患者进行针对性心理护理,并在手术前后用Zung抑郁自评量表(SDS)或抑郁状态问卷(DSI)和自制问卷对患者手术前及出院前的抑郁状况及抑郁原因进行问卷调查.结果 出院前患者抑郁程度减轻,与手术前比较,差异具有显著性意义(P<0.01).结论 手术前后导致抑郁的首要原因分别为担心失去男性特征和担心性生活不良影响夫妻感情.针对性心理护理可有效缓解阴茎部分切除患者的抑郁状况.     

心理康复护理对脑卒中后抑郁患者生活质量的影响

目的:探讨心理康复护理时脑卒中后抑郁(PSD)患者生活质量的影响.方法:将80例PSD患者分为实验组组和对照组,两组患者均接受常规的治疗和护理,实验组患者在此基础上增加心理康复护理干预措施,在干预前和干预后30天对患者的抑郁状态和生活质量进行评分.结果:两组患者抑郁状态和生活质量于干预后30天统计学比较差异有显著性(P<0.01).结论:心理康复护理可以改善抑郁状态,提高生活质量,促进疾病的康复.     

阶梯式心理护理对头颈肿瘤患者焦虑抑郁和生活质量的影响

目的探讨阶梯式心理护理对头颈肿瘤患者焦虑与抑郁情绪和生活质量的影响。方法将86例有焦虑或抑郁情绪的头颈肿瘤住院患者随机分为干预组和对照组各43例,两组均给予常规健康教育和出院后随访,干预组在此基础上实施4步阶梯式心理护理方案,包括2周观察等待、4周指导性自助、6周面对面问题解决疗法、4周专业心理干预和(或)药物疗法,干预前后评估患者焦虑抑郁状况和生活质量。结果干预后干预组焦虑抑郁评分显著低于对照组,干预有效率显著高于对照组(均P 0. 01),干预组在疼痛、吞咽、感觉、发声和进食等生活质量方面有显著改善,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05,P 0. 01)。结论以阶梯式护理为指导的心理护理可有效改善头颈肿瘤患者的焦虑、抑郁状况,在一定程度上提升患者生活质量。     

心理护理干预对骨折患者抑郁焦虑及生活质量的影响

目的：探讨心理护理干预对骨折患者抑郁焦虑及生活质量的影响。方法选择骨折患者60例作为研究对象,随机分为护理干预组和对照组,对照组给予常规护理,干预组在常规护理基础上给予心理护理干预,比较两组焦虑抑郁情况以及生活质量。结果两组护理后焦虑和抑郁评分均显著下降（P ＜0.01）,护理后,干预组焦虑抑郁评分显著低于对照组（P ＜0.01）。出院后1个月随访,干预组生活质量各维度得分显著高于对照组（P ＜0.01）。结论心理干预能够显著缓解骨折后患者的焦虑和抑郁情绪,从而提高患者的生活质量。     

Prospective analysis of depression and psychological distress before and after surgical resection of lung cancer

Objectives The psychological effects of surgery have received little attention in patients with lung cancer, so it is unclear how much psychological support is required by these patients. This study was done to assess the mental state of patients with lung cancer before and after surgery and to determine their need for psychological care. Methods A group of 165 patients with lung cancer scheduled for surgical treatment were included in this study. They were asked to complete the Profile of Mood States questionnaire before surgery and on discharge after completion of treatment. The data on mood from the questionnaires were analyzed. Results Tension-anxiety improved significantly after surgery, whereas the fatigue score increased significantly. The scores for depression-dejection and confusion were elevated before surgery and were unchanged afterward. Conclusions Patients with lung cancer were depressed before surgery and remained depressed after their operations, although postoperative tension-anxiety diminished. These results indicate that lung cancer patients need psychological support to alleviate depression during the perioperative period.     

肝炎后肝硬化患者失眠状态的心理特征研究

目的研究肝炎后肝硬化患者失眠状态的心理特征。方法采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）测量两组患者的身心健康状况。结果实验组SCL-90症状自评总均分、阳性项目均分高于对照组（P〈0.05）,实验组焦虑症状较对照组明显,差异有显著性（P〈0.01）。结论长期失眠可导致肝炎后肝硬化患者睡眠生理和心理状态紊乱,出现焦虑症状,对其生活质量有较大影响。     

康复运动护理对老年慢性充血性心衰患者焦虑和抑郁状态的影响

目的:探讨康复运动护理对改善老年慢性充血性心衰患者焦虑和抑郁状态的效果.方法:对32例病情稳定的老年慢性充血性心衰患者在接受常规药物治疗的基础上结合康复运动护理,半年为1个疗程.于康复运动前后对32例患者进行焦虑和抑郁自评量表测评,观察其焦虑和抑郁状态的改善情况.结果:康复运动护理后32例患者焦虑和抑郁自评量表评分均低于康复运动前,焦虑和抑郁情况明显改善(P＜0.05).结论:康复运动护理可有效改善老年慢性充血性心衰患者的焦虑和抑郁情绪.     

早期活动对ICU患者焦虑抑郁情绪的影响

目的探讨早期活动对ICU患者焦虑抑郁情绪的影响。方法便利抽取162例ICU患者根据时间先后分为对照组85例和干预组77例。对照组接受常规护理,干预组在常规护理基础上进行早期活动干预,以床上主动锻炼为主,每日2次;制定早期活动安全准入指标和过程监测指标保障患者活动安全性。使用医院焦虑抑郁量表评估两组患者入住ICU 24h内和转出ICU时焦虑抑郁情绪发生情况。结果入住ICU 24h内两组焦虑抑郁得分及发生率无统计学差异(均P0.05);转出ICU时干预组焦虑抑郁得分及发生率显著低于对照组(均P0.01);活动期间干预组未发生严重不良事件。结论早期活动安全可行,能有效改善ICU患者焦虑抑郁情绪。     

Actual change in anxiety and depression among Australian men with prostate cancer

Background

The clinical significance of anxiety and depression in prostate cancer patients remains largely unclear. In particular, the importance of somatic symptoms and their change over time has been largely unaddressed in spite of their immediate relevance to an understanding of these psychosocial aspects of prostate cancer and its treatment.

Methods

Self-reports of current and previous states of anxiety and depression were collected from 183 Australian men with prostate cancer between 9 and 71 months (average = 1 year 10 months) after initial diagnosis. An ‘Actual Change’ methodology was used to overcome the effects of extraneous sources of invalidity. Statistical tests of the total scores and specific item-changes over time were conducted.

Results

Mean anxiety and depression levels reduced from time of diagnosis to time of the survey, with the most prominent changes being associated with reductions in psychomotor agitation, weakness, fatigue and pessimism. Clinically significant anxiety reduced from about 20% to 12%; clinical depression reduced from about 24% to 12.5%.

Conclusion

While many prostate patients reported anxiety and depression at the time of receiving their diagnosis, about half of those for whom these disorders were of clinical significance had lowered their symptomatology 2 years later. Assessment of somatic symptoms remains a key indicator of depression and anxiety among this patient group.     

原发性肝细胞癌患者术前焦虑抑郁状况及相关因素研究

目的研究原发性肝细胞癌患者术前焦虑抑郁状况及相关因素。方法采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)对2014年1月至2014年12月142例原发性肝细胞癌患者术前的焦虑、抑郁状况进行调查,并分析影响焦虑和抑郁发生的相关因素。结果 142例肝细胞癌患者术前SAS平均标准分为(55.41±10.13)分,69.01%(98/142)的患者伴有焦虑情绪,术前SDS平均标准分为(54.59±12.22)分,59.86%(85/142)的患者伴有抑郁情绪。教育程度、婚姻状况、医疗费用来源、经济状况等因素影响焦虑、抑郁情绪的发生。结论肝细胞癌患者术前焦虑抑郁情绪发生率较高,应充分认识此现象并给予合理干预。     

Anxiety and depression in patients with prostate cancer and other urogenital cancer: a longitudinal study

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the degree and the course of psychological distress (anxiety and depression) in cancer patients and to detect sociodemographic determinants of the scores.Methods and MaterialsPatients with prostate cancer (n = 287) and other urogenital cancer (n = 126) were tested with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) at the following time points: at the beginning (T1) and the end (T2) of the treatment in the hospital, 6 months later (T3), and 1 year later (T4).ResultsAnxiety mean scores were highest at the start of the stay in the hospital. About 36% of the patients were at least doubtful cases at T1. However, the anxiety mean scores from T2 to T4 were similar to those of the general population and lower than those of cardiac patients. Depression mean scores were even lower than those of the general population. Young age and receiving radio- and/or chemotherapy were predictive of higher psychological distress.ConclusionsThe low mean scores of anxiety and depression from T2 to T4 indicate that most of the prostate cancer patients do not need help from mental health professionals. Nevertheless, some patients may profit from mental health support, especially at the beginning of the stay in the hospital.