A Case of Steatocystoma Simplex Involving the Scalp

Steatocystoma is a benign adnexal tumor originating from the pilosebaceous duct junction which can be classified into two groups (steatocystoma simplex and steatocystoma multiplex). Steatocystoma simplex, which presents as a solitary lesion, is very rare. Steatocystoma simplex occurs most commonly on the face and the case reported herein involving the scalp is extremely rare. A 49-year-old man presented for evaluation and treatment of a solitary papule on the right parietal scalp which had persisted for a period of 1 year. The histopathologic examination revealed a thin-walled cyst consisting of stratified squamous epithelium with hyaline cuticle that lacked a stratum granulosum. Based on clinical and histologic findings, we diagnosed this case as steatocystoma simplex of the scalp and report this rare case.     

头面部血管肉瘤1例

患者男,80岁。头面部出现簇集血疱样皮疹40d。皮损组织病理:可见不规则的血管腔,管腔由内皮细胞排列而成,内皮细胞异型性。免疫组化检查:CD31,CD34,Vimetin(+)。诊断:头面部血管肉瘤。     

A Case of Steatocystoma Multiplex Limited to the Scalp

We report here on a 63-year-old woman who had several small, yellowish papules on the scalp for the previous 2 years. There was no family history of similar lesions. Yellowish, creamy material was expressed from a papule during punch biopsy. Histologic examination from the lesion revealed the typical features of steatocystoma multiplex. We report here on this rare variant of steatocystoma multiplex that was limited to the scalp.     

Multiple Nuchal-Type Fibromas on the Scalp: A Case Report

Nuchal-type fibroma is a rare, benign, fibrous, tumor-like proliferation characterized by dense hypocellular bundles of collagen, with sparsely scattered fibroblasts, interspersed fat tissue, and entrapped nerve fibers. It usually develops in the posterior neck as a solitary, firm, poorly circumscribed, subcutaneous mass. Herein, we report about a 32-year-old man who presented with a 6-year history of multiple nodules on the scalp. Histopathological features were consistent with those of nuchal-type fibroma. The tumors were surgically excised.     

伴全身多处转移的头部血管肉瘤1例

患者男,53岁。头部丘疹1年,肿块5个月。组织病理:真皮内可见内含红细胞的不规则管腔相互融合,浸润生长,管腔衬附细胞大小不一,核大深染,胞浆丰富,核分裂易见,异型性明显。免疫组化:CD31,CD34阳性;S-100,SMA,Des阴性。诊断:血管肉瘤。经重组人血管内皮抑制素注射液及紫杉醇方案化疗10周期后皮损缩小,因无手术切除指征,遂予局部放疗。4个月前患者右小腿出现一包块,术后病理证实为血管肉瘤。1个月前PET/CT示右小腿肌组织、左侧腮腺、盆腔、右侧腹股沟至腘窝淋巴结、右侧肱骨头均考虑恶性病变。行长春瑞滨、顺铂及重组人血管内皮抑制素注射液化疗。     

A Case of Isolated Plexiform Neurofibroma in a Patient with Myasthenia Gravis

We report a case of an isolated plexiform neurofibroma occurring in a patient with myasthenia gravis. A 48-year-old man presented with asymptomatic skin-colored nodules on the tip of his 4th finger. Microscopically, a plexiform neurofibroma was identified located in the dermis that appeared to originate from small superficial nerves. He had a 20-year history of treated myasthenia gravis; otherwise, his personal and family histories were unremarkable. Given that myasthenia gravis is a disorder of the peripheral nerves, plexiform neurofibromas could be associated with myasthenia gravis. However, the development of an isolated plexiform neurofibroma in a case of myasthenia gravis has not yet been reported. The occurrence of a neurofibromas in a patient with myasthenia gravis suggests a link in the pathogenesis of these two diseases.     

动脉跨区供血的头皮瓣一期修复肿瘤切除与创伤后的大面积头皮缺损

目的探讨大面积头皮缺损的一期修复方法。方法应用颞浅动脉跨区供血的头皮瓣、眶上动脉-枕动脉双蒂跨区供血的头皮瓣,修复伴有颅骨缺失的大面积头皮缺损5例。结果5例动脉跨区供血的头皮瓣全部成活,创面均一期修复,效果满意。结论应用单支或双支头皮动脉跨区供血的大型头皮瓣,可以安全地一期修复大面积头皮缺损。     

头皮银屑病

头皮银屑病因为其影响美观和治疗困难而受到患者的重视。随着现代医学的发展,银屑病的病因学、治疗学研究都取得了很大的进步,针对头皮银屑病的治疗也有了新进展。许多国家和地区相继出台了头皮银屑病的治疗指南和意见［1-3］。2013年中华医学会皮肤性病学分会银屑病学组制定了2013版中国银屑病治疗指南［4］,对头皮银屑病的治疗模式进行了阐述。本文综述了目前国际上头皮银屑病的研究现状……     

Recurrent Diffuse Neurofibroma of Nose Associated with Neurofibromatosis Type 1: A Rare Case Report with Review of Literature

Diffuse neurofibroma is an unusual variant of neurofibroma with the head and neck being the common sites of involvement. It is benign in nature and spreads superficially and has many ectatic blood vessels. Histologically it is similar to conventional neurofibromas except for a few peculiar distinguishing features. We report a case of a 14-year-old boy who presented with a diffuse recurrent painless swelling over the dorsum of the nose with the clinical stigmata of neurofibromatosis. Microscopy revealed a diagnosis of diffuse neurofibroma with a few foci showing differentiation towards Meissner''s type of tactile corpuscles. It is important to recognize this entity as it has a tendency to recur, yet hardly ever become malignant and is almost always associated with neurofibromatosis type 1.     

Neurocristic Cutaneous Hamartoma of the Scalp

Neurocristic cutaneous hamartomas (NCHs) result from aberrant development of the neuromesenchyme. In addition to a dermal melanocytic component, these tumors can contain neuro sustentacular and fibrogenic components. The clinical importance of these lesions includes the potential for misdiagnosis as well as the development of malignant melanomas over a poorly described period of time. We present a rare case of NCH of the scalp in a 1-year-old female.     

Alopecia Neoplastica due to Gastric Adenocarcinoma Metastasis to the Scalp,Presenting as Alopecia: A Case Report and Literature Review

Alopecia neoplastica is defined as hair loss secondary to a visceral malignancy that has metastasized to the scalp. The scalp is a relatively common site of cutaneous metastasis, usually presenting as a single or multiple firm scalp nodules. Alopecia neoplastica is a well-recognized but rare presentation, and its pathogenesis is incompletely understood. Atrophy of the hair follicles due to tumor invasion of the scalp plays a role in the development of alopecia. Herein, we describe a 33-year-old woman with gastric adenocarcinoma who developed alopecia neoplastica while receiving cancer chemotherapy. Scalp biopsy revealed metastatic adenocarcinoma cells interspersed between collagen bundles and around hair follicles. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated that the tumor cells originated from the primary gastric adenocarcinoma. Therefore, she was diagnosed with alopecia neoplastica due to gastric adenocarcinoma. The findings from this report may be helpful for understanding the mechanism of alopecia neoplastica.     

Schwannoma Presenting as a Scalp Mass: A Case Report with Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings

A schwannoma can develop anywhere along the course of nerves. However, a schwannoma presenting as a scalp nodule is rare. Here, we present a rare case of schwannoma on the scalp with a review of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, which was initially misdiagnosed as an epidermal cyst or vascular malformation despite various radiologic examinations. Recognition of characteristic MRI features of schwannomas, such as low signal margin, target, entering-and-exiting-nerve, and fascicular signs, may result in an accurate diagnosis and proper management of tumors. In this report, we summarized differential characteristics of a schwannoma with an epidermal cyst and a lipoma.     

Giant Plexiform Neurofibroma of the Perineum and Pelvic Cavity Manifesting as Segmental Neurofibromatosis

Segmental neurofibromatosis (SN) is rare form of neurofibromatosis characterized that cutaneous or neural changes are limited to one region of the body. SN present neurofibroma and less frequently, café au lait macules (CALMs) on usually unilateral or rarely bilateral of the body region. SN seems to have fewer systemic complications than neurofibromatosis type I or II, except patients with plexiform neurofibromas (PNFs). PNFs are rare benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors which arise from single or multiple nerves. PNFs can easily become aggressive growth particularly during puberty or pregnancy and leading to disfigurement and functional impairment. Also, PNFs can transform to malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, higher rate than classic neurofibroma. So, it is important to decide appropriate treatment modalities and time to intervention.     

A Case of Perifollicular Fibroma

Perifollicular fibroma (PFF) is a very rare proliferative lesion of the perifollicular sheath. A flesh-colored, dome-shaped papulonodule is usually located on the face or the neck. These papulonodules may be single or multiple. Histologically, the lesion consists of a concentric arrangement of cellular fibrous tissue around a normal hair follicle. We describe here an unusual case of PFF in a 41-year-old female who had an asymptomatic small skin colored papule on the scalp, and this is an uncommon location for PFF.     

O-Z皮瓣在头皮肿瘤切除后创面缺损修复中的应用

目的评价O-Z皮瓣修复头皮肿瘤切除后创面缺损的效果。方法将头皮肿瘤作圆形或椭圆形切除,根据创面的大小、部位及其周围头皮的松动性和毛发分布情况,在创面左右侧或前后方形成两个方向相反的旋转皮瓣,并将其相向旋转将创面封闭。结果28例中,创面面积最小为3 cm×4 cm, 最大为6 cm×6 cm。术后皮瓣全部成活,无并发症发生。其中16例随访3～12个月,头皮形态良好,未见肿瘤复发。结论O-Z皮瓣可有效地修复面积小于6 cm×6 cm的头皮肿瘤切除后的创面缺损,并可获得满意的美容效果。     

钙泊三醇搽剂联合丙酸倍氯米松霜治疗头皮银屑病疗效观察

目的评价钙泊三醇搽剂联合丙酸倍氯米松霜治疗头皮银屑病的疗效与安全性。方法将55例患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组每早1次使用钙泊三醇头皮搽剂,每周用量不超过15mL;每晚1次使用丙酸倍氯米松霜,每周用量不超过15mg。对照组:每日早晚各1次使用丙酸倍氯米松霜,每周用量不超过30mg,疗程均为6周。结果治疗组和对照组有效率分别为85.30%和52.38%,差异有显著性意义(X2=9.361,P<0.05)。结论钙泊三醇搽剂联合丙酸倍氯米松霜治疗头皮银屑病安全、有效。     

头面部血管肉瘤1例

患者男,76岁。头面部红斑2月余。皮肤组织病理示:真皮内可见形状不规则裂隙状血管腔,部分血管内皮细胞有异型性。免疫组化:CD31(+)、CD34(+)、von Willebrand因子(+)、CollagenIV血管壁(+),Ki-67阳性率8%。临床及组织病理确诊为血管肉瘤。     

Desmoplastic Fibroblastoma of the Scalp Accompanied by Severe Pain; Unusual Location and Symptom

Desmoplastic fibroblastoma is a rare fibrous tumor that usually presents as a painless, slow-growing mass in the subcutaneous tissues and skeletal muscles. It has a wide anatomic distribution, with the most common involvement being the arm and shoulder. Here, we report a case of a tiny painful desmoplastic fibroblastoma arising on the scalp. According to a microscopic examination, this tumor was composed of spindle-shaped fibroblasts in the dense collagenous stroma. On immunohistochemical staining, tumor cells were positive for vimentin and negative for smooth muscle actin, CD34, and S100. Our case is unique in that desmoplastic fibroblastoma developed on the scalp and there was presence of pain despite its small size.