超声心动图自动边缘检测评价冠心病心绞痛患者左房左室功能

本文应用超声心动图自动边缘检测技术（ＡＱ）对冠心病心绞痛患者和正常组的左房左室功能进行分析。结果显示，所测冠心病心绞痛患者的左室面积变化分数（ＦＡＣ）、峰值充盈率（ＰＦＲ）均低于正常值，峰值充盈时间（ＴＰＦＲ）延长；左房舒张末期面积（ＥＤＡ）、收缩末期面积（ＥＳＡ）增大，面积变化分数（ＦＡＣ）、峰值排空率（ＰＥＲ）小于正常值，两组相比Ｐ均＜０．０５～０．０１。该法快速简便，能很好地反映冠心病心绞痛患者的左房左室功能。     

声学定量评价一氧化氮吸入对心功能的影响及其在估计心外科手术预后中的意义

通过对２４例心脏病合并肺动脉高压欲行心外手术的连续患者，一氧化氮（ＮＯ）吸入后不同期连续多普勒和声学定量检测发现，根据吸入ＮＯ后患者的反应情况，可将分为ＮＯ敏感组和不敏感组，两组患者的肺动压及左右室心功能各项指标在ＮＯ吸入后均有不同程度改善，但ＮＯ敏感组改善程度高于ＮＯ不敏感组。研究还发现，ＮＯ不敏感组７例中，５例患者心脏手术后无１例生存，有了前５例的经验，后２例患者我们未予手术。与此对照，ＮＯ敏感组手术均顺利。术后心脏功能代偿较满意，无１例死亡     

Echocardiographic assessment of systolic and diastolic left ventricular function using an automatic boundary detection system

Systolic and diastolic left ventricular function was assessed using an echocardiographic automatic boundary detection system (ABD) in 50 unselected patients undergoing left cardiac catheterisation. Automatic boundary detection system derived parameters (fractional area change [FAC], peak positive rate of area change [+dA/dt] and peak negative rate of area change [?dA/dt]) were compared with invasively (left ventricular angiography and pressures) and non invasively (Doppler mitral filling velocities and isovolumic relaxation time) acquired conventional indices of ventricular function. Adequate detection of endocardial boundaries and subsequent measurements using the ABD system were achieved in 40/50 (80%) patients in the short axis parasternal view, in 41/50 (82%) in the apical four chamber view and in 34/50 (68%) in both views. For the whole group of patients the FAC (maximal left ventricular diastolic area — minimal left ventricular systolic area/maximal left ventricular diastolic area) estimated in the short axis view correlated with the angiographic ejection fraction (EF) measured in the right oblique projection (r=0.51, p<0.001). There was only a weak correlation of the FAC estimated in the apical four chamber view with the EF (r= 0.36, p<0.01). The mean FAC (mean value of the FAC in the short axis and apical four chamber views) correlated reasonably with the EF (r=0.62, p<0.0001). There was no correlation between ABD derived parameters and left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) in these patients. In a subgroup of patients with normal coronary arteries and left ventricular function (n = 17), although there was no correlation between EF and FAC, there was a strong positive correlation between FAC (apical four chamber and mean) and LVEDP (r=0.77, p<0.01 and r=0.87, p<0.01 respectively). No correlation was found in these patients between EF and LVEDP. In a further subgroup of patients with angiographically abnormal left ventricular function (EF<45%), there was a positive correlation between FAC (short axis, apical four chamber and mean) and EF (r=0.52, p<0.05, r=0.83, p<0.0001 and r=0.80, p<0.001 respectively) and a negative correlation between FAC (short axis and mean) and LVEDP (r=?0.52, p<0.05 and r=?0.60, p<0.01 respectively). There was also a negative correlation between LVEDP and EF in the same subgroup of patients (r=?0.65, p<0.01). None of the ABD derived parameters correlated with non invasively acquired indices of diastolic ventricular function (peak early left ventricular diastolic filling blood velocity [Emax], peak late diastolic velocity [Amax], E/A ratio and isovolumic relaxation time [IVRT], but there was a consistent positive correlation between ?dP/dt and + dA/dt estimated in the four chamber view (r=0.5, p<0.01, all patients). Therefore, although ABD derived parameters cannot be used in an interchangeable way with ejection fraction, they do provide a rapid, bedside method for the assessment of left ventricular function. FAC and dA/dt do appear to reflect left ventricular performance both in patients with normal ventricles and in patients with impaired left ventricular function.     

Radial pressure waveform dP/dt max is a poor indicator of left ventricular systolic function

Background The first derivative of left ventricular (LV) pressure over time (dP/dt max) is a marker of LV systolic function that can be assessed during cardiac catheterization and echocardiography. Radial artery dP/dt max has been proposed as a possible marker of LV systolic function and we sought to test this hypothesis. Materials and methods We compared simultaneously recorded radial dP/dt max (by high‐fidelity tonometry) with LV dP/dt max (by high‐fidelity catheter and echocardiography parameters analogous to LV dP/dt max). In study 1, beat‐to‐beat radial dP/dt max and LV dP/dt max were recorded at rest and during supine exercise in 12 males (aged 61 ± 12 years) undergoing cardiac catheterization. In study 2, 2D‐echocardiography and radial dP/dt max were recorded in 54 patients (separate to study 1; 39 men; aged 64 ± 10 years) at baseline and peak dobutamine‐induced stress. Three basal septum measures were taken as being analogous to LV dP/dt max: 1. Peak systolic strain rate; 2. Strain rate (SR‐dP/dt max) during isovolumic contraction (IVCT) and; 3. Tissue velocity during IVCT. Results In study 1 there was a significant difference between resting LV dP/dt max (1461 ± 383 mmHg s⁻¹) and radial dP/dt max (1182 ± 319 mmHg s⁻¹; P < 0·001), and a poor, but statistically significant, correlation between the variables (R² = 0·006; P < 0·05). Similar results were observed during exercise. In study 2 there were weak (R² = −0·12; P = 0·01) to non‐significant associations between radial dP/dt max and all echocardiographic measures analogous to LV dP/dt max at rest or peak stress. Conclusion Radial pressure waveform dP/dt max is not a reliable marker of LV systolic function.     

Normal values and reproducibility of left ventricular filling parameters by radionuclide angiography

Background. In physiologic situations age, heart rate (HR) and left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) may influence left ventricular filling rate. In this study, we determined normal values for radionuclide angiography (RNA) derived diastolic filling parameters, the correlations with age, HR and EF and their reproducibility. Methods. The study was performed in 20 patients, 40–76 years old (mean 57), with normal findings at coronary angiography and left ventriculography. The first RNA was performed at rest (RNA1). Then, five minutes bicycle ergometry was performed and the patients were allowed five minutes rest before RNA was repeated (RNA2). From the left ventricular time activity curve we determined peak filling rate (PFR), time to peak filling rate (TPFR) and atrial contribution (AC) to ventricular filling. Results. Values for PFR1 were 2.2 ± 0.6 EDV/sec (PFR2 2.4 ± 0.7 EDV/sec, r = 0.82), for TPFR1 198 ± 22 msec (TPFR2 203 ± 24 msec, r = 0.45) and for AC1 31 ± 11% (AC2 31 ± 10%, r = 0.72). The correlations of PFR and TPFR with age were statistically significant (respectively r = - 0.68 and r = 0.48, P < 0.05). PFR was also influenced by HR and EF (resp. r = 0.51 and r = 0.50, P < 0.05). TPFR however was not influenced by HR and EF, whereas AC was positively correlated with HR (r = 0.79, P < 0.01). Conclusions. Radionuclide angiography is a reliable and reproducible method to assess parameters of diastolic left ventricular filling in individual patients. It may therefore be used to serially follow diastolic function. When used for interindividual comparison the dependency of RNA derived left ventricular filling parameters on age, HR and EF should however be considered.     

Quantitative Doppler tissue imaging as a correlate of left ventricular contractility

Doppler tissue imaging is a new noninvasive imaging modality that allows quantitation of the low intensity, high amplitude Doppler shifts in the range of myocardial tissue motion. This study was performed to test the hypothesis that Doppler tissue imaging may provide unique information reflecting left ventricular systolic function, and to test the relationship between myocardial tissue velocity and noninvasive measures of ventricular contractility. Nine patients with mild or moderate mitral insufficiency and no regional wall motion abnormality were studied during dobutamine stress echocardiography. Left ventricular ejection fraction and peak systolic velocity of the sub- endocardial left ventricular posterior wall were quantified at baseline and at peak stress and compared with estimated peak dP/dt. During dobutamine infusion, ejection fraction increased from 41.7±22.2 (range 14 to 70) % to 56.6±27.9 (range 17 to 84) % (p=0.001), peak systolic velocity increased from 22.7±4.2 (range 18 to 28) mm/sec to 35.3±10.1 (range 20 to 47) mm/sec (p=0.004), and dP/dt increased from 1050±322 (range 613 to 1574) mm Hg/sec to 1766±768 (range 936 to 3000) mm Hg/sec (p=0.01). Although there were good correlations between left ventricular dP/dt and both ejection fraction (R=0.75) and peak systolic velocity (R=0.81), the correlation between change in dP/dt and change in myocardial velocity (R=0.75) was better than that between change in dP/dt and change in ejection fraction (R=0.36). These data support the hypothesis that myocardial velocity determined with Doppler tissue imaging reflects myocardial contractility, and that catecholamine- induced alteration in contractility is better reflected by changes in myocardial velocity than by changes in ejection fraction.     

心内膜自动检测技术测量左室腔面积可靠性的研究

对３０例正常人进行了二维超声心动图检查，分别用手工描绘和心内膜自动检测技术测量左室乳头肌短轴观和心尖四胜观的左室腔面积。结果显示：两种方法测量的乳头肌短轴观的左室舒张末期面积（ＥＤＡｓ）、收缩末期面积（ＥＳＡｓ）、面积变化分数（ＦＡＣｓ）均高度相关（ｒ分别为０．８６，０．８０，Ｏ．７９）；心尖四腔观的左室舒张末期面积（ＥＤＡａ）、收缩末期面积（ＥＳＡａ）、面积变化分数（ＦＡＣａ）亦均高度相关（ｒ分别为０．８０，０．８６，０．９０），表明利用心内膜自动检测技术能够检测、识别心内膜轮廓，测量左室腔的面积，这为无创性评价左室功能提供了一个新方法。     

New method of on-line quantification of regional wall motion with automated segmental motion analysis.

We have recently developed an automated segmental motion analysis (A-SMA) system, based on an automatic "blood-tissue interface" detection technique, to provide real-time and on-line objective echocardiographic segmental wall motion analysis. To assess the feasibility of A-SMA in detecting regional left ventricular (LV) wall motion abnormalities, we performed 2-dimensional echocardiography with A-SMA in 13 healthy subjects, 22 patients with prior myocardial infarction (MI), and 9 with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Midpapillary parasternal short-axis and apical 2- and 4-chamber views were obtained to clearly trace the blood-tissue interface. The LV cavity was then divided into 6 wedge-shaped segments by A-SMA. The area of each segment was calculated automatically throughout a cardiac cycle, and the area changes of each segment were displayed as bar graphs or time-area curves. The systolic fractional area change (FAC), peak ejection rate (PER), and filling rate (PFR) were also calculated with the use of A-SMA. In the control group, a uniform FAC was observed in real time among 6 segments in the short-axis view (60% +/- 10% to 78% +/- 9%), or among 5 segments in either the 2-chamber (59% +/- 12% to 75% +/- 16%) or 4-chamber view (58% +/- 13% to 72% +/- 12%). The variations of FAC, PER, and PFR were obviously decreased in infarct-related regions in the MI group and were globally decreased in the DCM group. We conclude that A-SMA is an objective and time-saving method for assessing regional wall motion abnormalities in real time. This method is a reliable new tool that provides on-line quantification of regional wall motion.     

声学定量与SPECT平衡法心室造影检测右心功能的对比研究

应用单光子发射计算机断层显像（ＳＰＥＣＴ）平衡法心室造影和声学定量（ＡＱ）技术对７２名成年人进行右心功能检测。检测指标：右室射血分数（ＥＦ）或面积变化分数（ＦＡＣ）、峰值充盈率（ＰＦＲ）、峰值排空率（ＰＥＲ）、峰值充盈时间（ＴＰＦＲ）。结果：两种技术测得的相应参数值之间相关系数较低，且差异有显著性。提示用ＡＱ法检测右心功能的准确性欠佳。     

Rate Modulated Pacing Based on Right Ventricular dP/dt: Quantitative Analysis of Chronotropic Response

Right ventricular contractility increases in response to catecholamine stimulation and greater ventricular preload, factors that increase with exercise workload. Thus, the maximum systolic dP/dt may be a potentially useful sensor to control the pacing rate of a permanent pacing system. The present study was designed to test the long-term performance of a permanent pacemaker that modulates pacing rate based on right ventricular dP/dt and to quantitatively analyze the chronotropic response characteristics of this sensor in a group of patients with widely varying structural heart diseases and degrees of hemodynamic impairment. A permanent pacing system incorporating a high fidelity pressure sensor in the lead for measurement of right ventricular dP/dt was implanted in 13 patients with atrial arrhythmias and AV block, including individuals with coronary artery disease, hypertension, severe obstructive pulmonary disease with prior pneumonectomy, atrial septal defect, dilated cardiomyopathy, restrictive cardiomyopathy, and mitral stenosis. Patients underwent paired treadmill exercise testing in the VVI and VVIR pacing modes with measurement of expired gas exchange and quantitative analysis of chronotropic response using the concept of metabolic reserve. The peak right ventricular dP/dt ranged from 238–891 mmHg/sec with a pulse pressure that ranged from 19–41 mmHg. There was a positive correlation between the right ventricular dP/dt and pulse pressure (r = 0.70, P = 0.012). The maximum pacing rate and VO_2max were 72 ± 6 beats/min and 12.61 ± 4.0 cc O₂/kg per minute during VVI pacing and increased to 124 ± 18 beats/min and 15.89 ± 5.9 cc 0₂/kg per minute in the VVIR pacing mode (P < 0.0003 and P < 0.002, respectively). The integrated area under the normalized rate response curve was 96.7 ± 45.7% of expected during exercise and 100.1 ± 43.4% of expected during recovery. One patient demonstrated an anomalous increase in pacing rate in response to a change in posture to the left lateral decubitus position. Thus, the peak positive right ventricular dP/dt is an effective rate control parameter for permanent pacing systems. The chronotropic response was proportional to metabolic workload during treadmill exercise in this study population with widely varying forms of structural heart disease.     

Prediction of postoperative left ventricular systolic function with Doppler-derived dP/dt in patients with chronic aortic regurgitation.

To evaluate the value of Doppler-derived dP/dt as a predictor of postoperative left ventricular (LV) systolic function in patients with chronic aortic regurgitation, we evaluated 29 patients who underwent aortic valve replacement (n = 17) or valve repair. Doppler-derived dP/dt was determined from the continuous wave Doppler signal of the aortic regurgitation jet preoperatively. Preoperative LV ejection fraction (LVEF) and Doppler-derived dP/dt were 48 +/- 11% and 701 +/- 204 mm Hg/s, respectively. LVEF decreased to 43 +/- 12% at immediate postoperative period and improved to 54 +/- 11% at late postoperative period. In multivariate analysis, only dP/dt was an independent predictor of late postoperative LVEF (r = 0.59, P =.006). A dP/dt 相似文献   

Reproducibility of peak filling and peak emptying rate determined by cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging for assessment of biventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension

Right ventricular (RV) and left ventricular (LV) diastolic stiffness may be independent contributors to disease progression in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The aims of this study are to assess reproducibility of peak emptying rate (PER) and early diastolic peak filling rate (PFR) for both the RV and the LV in PAH and study their relationship to stroke volume (SV). Triple weekly repetition of 20 (totalling 60) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) scans, were done on 10 patients with PAH and 10 healthy controls. RV and LV volumes were measured over the full cardiac cycle. PER and PFR were calculated as the first derivative of the time–volume relationship in both the RV and the LV and indexed to body surface area. Reproducibility and the relation to SV were studied in a mixed model. PFR was lower in PAH in both the RV (PAH?=?170 mL/m²/s, controls?=?236 mL/m²/s [p?<?0.01]) and in the LV (PAH?=?209 mL/m²/s, controls?=?311 mL/m²/s [p?<?0.01]). PERs were not significantly different between patients and controls. Reproducibility of PER and PFR was high. A trial targeting normalization of PFR requires a total sample size of <?20. PER and PFR in both ventricles were strongly associated with stroke volume (all four: p?<?0.01). Biventricular diastolic dysfunctions are strongly associated with stroke volume, and CMR can quantify them with high reproducibility, enabling small sample sizes for trials of therapies targeting diastolic dysfunction to increase survival.     

Echo doppler assessment of left ventricular function in rats with hypertensive hypertrophy.

OBJECTIVE: This study attempted to establish echocardiographic measurements of left ventricular (LV) mass and LV systolic and diastolic function, particularly in rats with hypertensive heart. METHODS: M-mode LV echograms and Doppler mitral flow were obtained in Dahl salt-sensitive rats placed on 0.3% or 8% sodium chloride diet. Echo Doppler measurements were compared with catheterization and pathologic measurements in 54 rats for LV mass and in 45 rats for LV systolic and diastolic function. RESULTS: Echocardiographic measurement of LV mass correlated well with pathologic measurement (r = 0.94, P <.01, n = 54, SEE = 0.08 mg), independent of LV size, aging, and therapeutic intervention. Endocardial fractional shortening (FS) correlated with LV peak + dP/dt (r = 0.56, n = 45, P <.01), and the correlation was improved to r = 0.71 if 11 rats with marked LV hypertrophy were excluded. Midwall FS correlated well with LV peak + dP/dt (r = 0.72, n = 45, P <.01) even if rats with extremely thickened ventricular wall were included. If midwall FS was lower than 14%, LV systolic dysfunction was very likely (sensitivity 67%, specificity 91%). Association of mitral E/A ratio of 2.0 or greater with deceleration time of shorter than 35 ms was an accurate indicator of elevated LV end-diastolic pressure (sensitivity 82%, specificity 86%) and increased lung weight because of congestive heart failure (sensitivity 89%, specificity 96%) in rats with hypertension. CONCLUSION: LV mass, LV systolic function, and LV end-diastolic pressure were assessable with echo Doppler in rats with hypertensive heart.     

Is myocardial adrenergic responsiveness depressed in human septic shock?

Objective To assess left ventricular (LV) contractile function and adrenergic responsiveness in septic patients. Methods We used echocardiographically defined fractional area of contraction (FAC), and LV area to end-systolic arterial pressure estimates of end-systolic elastance (E'es) and its change in response to dobutamine (5 μg/kg/min) in 10 subjects in septic shock admitted to an intensive care unit of an academic medical center. Subjects were studied on admission and again at both 5 days and 8–10 days after admission. Results Three of the 10 subjects died as a result of their acute process, while the others were discharged from hospital. Nine out of 10 subjects required intravenous vasopressor therapy on day 1, while only 1 of 9 subjects required vasopressor support at day 5. LV end-diastolic area (EDA) increased from day 1 to day 5 and days 8–10 (p < 0.05), but neither FAC nor E'es was altered by time (EDA 15.7 ± 5.8, 21.4 ± 5.1, and 19.4 ± 5.6 cm²; FAC 0.46 ± 0.19, 0.50 ± 0.20, and 0.48 ± 0.15%; E'es 21.6 ± 12.6, 23.2 ± 8.5, and 19.2 ± 6.3 mmHg/cm², mean ± SD, for days 1, 5 and 8–10 respectively). Although dobutamine did not alter E'es on day 1 or day 5, E'es increased in all of the 5 subjects studied on days 8–10 (p < 0.05). Conclusions Adrenergic hyporesponsiveness is present in septic shock and persists for at least 5 days into recovery, resolving by days 8–10 in survivors. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Dr. Pinsky was a Professeur Associé at Cochin Hospital and Paris Descartes University.     

Echocardiographic assessment of left atrial ejection force and kinetic energy in chronic heart failure

Background There is limited information regarding left atrial (LA) systolic adaptation to chronic heart failure (HF) in humans. Therefore, the aim of our study was to determine the LA ejection force (LAEF) and kinetic energy in patients with HF. Methods and results 58 HF patients (63.8% in NYHA II) and 48 controls were studied. LA volumes were echocardiographically determined using the biplane area-length method. LA systolic function was assessed with the: (a) active emptying volume (ACTEV) and fraction (ACTEF), (b) ejection force (kdynes/m²), calculated with Manning’s method [LAEF = 0.5 * ρ * mitral orifice area * A²; ρ: blood density, Α: late transmitral flow velocity] and a modification incorporating parameters of LA function [LAEFm = 0.5 * ρ * LA volume at onset of atrial systole * ACTEF * A²/VTl_A], and (c) kinetic energy [LA-ke (kdynes.cm/m²) = 0.5 * ρ * ACTEV * A²]. LA maximal volume and ACTEV were lower (42.9 ± 14.4 vs. 59.7 ± 14.7 cm³, P < 0.0001; 10.9 ± 3.3 vs. 13 ± 3.3 cm³, P = 0.0001, respectively), whereas ACTEF (%) was higher (36.3 ± 7 vs. 29.3 ± 7.6 cm³, P < 0.0001) in controls than HF. LAEF, LAEFm, and LA-ke were lower in controls than HF (7.68 ± 5.1 vs. 10.16 ± 3.7 kdynes/m², P = 0.006; 3.63 ± 2.05 vs. 5.02 ± 1.74 kdynes/m², P = 0.0004; 2.41 ± 1.91 vs. 3.99 ± 2.1 kdynes.cm/m², P < 0.0004, respectively). Conclusion Despite the decreased LA systolic shortening, overall LA systolic performance is augmented in chronic HF due to LA dilation.     

Acute recoordination rather than functional hemodynamic improvement determines reverse remodelling by cardiac resynchronisation therapy

Purpose: Cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) improves left ventricular (LV) function acutely, with further improvements and reverse remodelling during chronic CRT. The current study investigated the relation between acute improvement of LV systolic function, acute mechanical recoordination, and long-term reverse remodelling after CRT. Methods: In 35 patients, LV speckle tracking longitudinal strain, LV volumes & ejection fraction (LVEF) were assessed by echocardiography before, acutely within three days, and 6 months after CRT. A subgroup of 25 patients underwent invasive assessment of the maximal rate of LV pressure rise (dP/dt_max,) during CRT-implantation. The acute change in dP/dt_max, LVEF, systolic discoordination (internal stretch fraction [ISF] and LV systolic rebound stretch [SRSlv]) and systolic dyssynchrony (standard deviation of peak strain times [2DS-SD18]) was studied, and their association with long-term reverse remodelling were determined. Results: CRT induced acute and ongoing recoordination (ISF from 45?±?18 to 27?±?11 and 23?±?12%, p?<?0.001; SRS from 2.27?±?1.33 to 0.74?±?0.50 and 0.71?±?0.43%, p?<?0.001) and improved LV function (dP/dt_max 668?±?185 vs. 817?±?198 mmHg/s, p?<?0.001; stroke volume 46?±?15 vs. 54?±?20 and 52?±?16 ml; LVEF 19?±?7 vs. 23?±?8 and 27?±?10%, p?<?0.001). Acute recoordination related to reverse remodelling (r?=?0.601 and r?=?0.765 for ISF & SRSlv, respectively, p?<?0.001). Acute functional improvements of LV systolic function however, neither related to reverse remodelling nor to the extent of acute recoordination. Conclusion: Long-term reverse remodelling after CRT is likely determined by (acute) recoordination rather than by acute hemodynamic improvements. Discoordination may therefore be a more important CRT-substrate that can be assessed and, acutely restored.

     

实时三维超声心动图容积时间曲线评价左心室整体收缩和舒张功能

目的 应用实时三维超声心动图(RT-3DE)容积-时间曲线(VTC)定量评价左心室整体收缩和舒张功能.方法 98例研究对象分为4组:A组,正常人28例;B组,高血压病患者24例;C组,冠心病患者24例;D组,扩张性心肌病22例.对所有研究对象进行RT-3DE检查,采集全容积三维图像,应用Qlab分析软件对三维数据库进行分析,得到左室整体和17节段容积时间曲线,测量舒张末容积(EDV)、收缩末容积(ESV)和左室射血分数(EF),并计算峰值射血率(PER)、舒张早期峰值充盈率(PFR)、PER/EDV、PFR/EDV.结果 B、C、D组EDV、ESV显著大于A组,PFR/EDV显著小于A组(均P＜0.05);C、D组EF、PER/EDV显著小于A组(均P＜0.05).PER/EDV与EF有较好的相关性(r=0.694,P＜0.05).A组17节段VTC排列有序,收缩期与舒张早期形态对称;B、C、D 3组VTC形态与A组有明显不同,收缩期与舒张早期不对称.结论 实时三维超声心动图容积时间曲线可客观评价左室收缩和舒张功能,PER/EDV、PFR/EDV可作为定量评价左室收缩功能和舒张功能的有效指标.     

声学定量技术评价充血性心衰患者左室收缩、舒张功能的改变

目的:采用声学定量技术观察充血性心力衰竭(心衰)患者治疗前后左室收缩、舒张功能的改变。方法:34例心衰患者为患者组(NYHA心功能III~IV级),给予常规抗心衰药物治疗。采用声学定量技术测量左室舒张末容积(EDV)、左室收缩末容积(ESV)、左室射血分数(EF)、左室峰值排空率(PER)、左室峰值快速充盈率(PRFR)、左室峰值心房充盈率(PAFR)、左室峰值快速充盈率与左室峰值心房充盈率之比(PRFR?蛐PAFR)。并以34例正常人为对照组。结果:患者组治疗前与正常组比较EDV、ESV、PAFR和PRFR明显增大(P<0.001、P<0.001、P<0.001和P<0.05),EF和PER明显减低(P<0.001和P<0.05),而PRFR?蛐PAFR无明显差异(P>0.05)。患者组治疗后与治疗前比较ESV、EDV和PAFR明显减小(P值均<0.001),EF和PER明显提高(P值均<0.001),PRFR和PRFR?蛐PAFR变化不大(P值均>0.05)。结论:声学定量技术有助于评价心衰患者的左室收缩功能,对于晚期心衰患者左室舒张功能的评价有一定局限性。     

声学定量技术评价缺血性心肌病患者左心功能

目的　探讨声学定量（AQ）技术在测定缺血性心肌病(ICM)患者左心功能中的临床应用价值。方法　测量24例ICM患者和30例正常人的左室舒张末期容积(EDV)、收缩末期容积(ESV)、射血分数(EF)、峰值充盈率(PFR)、峰值排空率(PER)、峰值充盈时间(TPFR)。结果　ICM组左室EDV为(120.08±24.50)ml,ESV为(79.78±17.38)ml,明显高于正常组(P<0.001),ICM组左室收缩功能指标EF为(33.19±8.50)%,PER为(2.59±0.63)ml/s,较正常组明显降低(P<0.001)。ICM组的左室舒张功能指标PFR为(2.62±0.52)ml/s,较正常组明显降低;TPFR为(207.63±45.76)ms,较正常组明显延长(P<0.001)。结论　AQ技术是测定ICM患者左心功能的一项简便实用的新方法。     

声学定量技术评价高血压病患者左房室功能

目的应用声学定量(AQ)技术评价高血压病患者的左房左室功能。方法采用PhilipsSonos7500多功能超声心动图仪的AQ技术,对27例高血压病患者和16例正常人(对照组)的左房左室的心功能进行检测。检测指标:EDV(舒张末期容积)、ESV(收缩末期容积)、EF(射血分数)、PER(峰值排空率)、PFR(峰值充盈率)。结果高血压病患者,左房左室内径正常时,左房左室的EF、PER及PFR略有下降,但差别无显著意义(P>0.05);高血压病患者,左房增大,左室内径正常时,左房的EF及PFR均下降(P<0.05),左室的EF、PER及PFR均下降(P<0.05)。结论声学定量技术能快速评价高血压病患者左房左室的功能。