共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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William T. Hu Alice Chen-Plotkin Steven E. Arnold Murray Grossman Christopher M. Clark Leslie M. Shaw Leo McCluskey Lauren Elman Jason Karlawish Howard I. Hurtig Andrew Siderowf Virginia M.-Y. Lee Holly Soares John Q. Trojanowski 《Acta neuropathologica》2010,120(3):385-399
Ante-mortem diagnosis of neurodegenerative disorders based on clinical features alone is associated with variable sensitivity and specificity, and biomarkers can potentially improve the accuracy of clinical diagnosis. In patients suspected of having Alzheimer’s disease (AD), alterations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers that reflect the neuropathologic changes of AD strongly support the diagnosis, although there is a trade-off between sensitivity and specificity due to similar changes in cognitively healthy subjects. Here, we review the current approaches in using CSF AD biomarkers (total tau, p-tau181, and Aβ42) to predict the presence of AD pathology, and our recent work using multi-analyte profiling to derive novel biomarkers for biofluid-based AD diagnosis. We also review our use of the multi-analyte profiling strategy to identify novel biomarkers that can distinguish between subtypes of frontotemporal lobar degeneration, and those at risk of developing cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease. Multi-analyte profiling is a powerful tool for biomarker discovery in complex neurodegenerative disorders, and analytes associated with one or more diseases may shed light on relevant biological pathways and potential targets for intervention. 相似文献
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Small SA 《Current neurology and neuroscience reports》2003,3(5):385-392
Prior reviews on the topic of imaging and Alzheimer’s disease have focused predominately on the technical features of imaging
modalities or have summarized the results of epidemiologic studies. As brain scientists and brain practitioners, our main
focus should be on the neurobiologic correlates of imaging, so we can intertwine this knowledge with our understanding of
disease pathophysiology. A focus on these two features—the neurobiologic correlates of imaging and the pathophysiology of
Alzheimer’s disease—has provided the organizing principle of this review. 相似文献
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Edland SD 《Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN》2004,23(3):213-217
Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) is a protease that degrades insulin and the beta-amyloid (Abeta) peptide implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Hence, factors that influence IDE expression or IDE activity toward Abeta are potentially relevant to the etiology of AD. Hippocampal IDE mRNA levels are lower on average in subjects with an APOE epsilon4 allele, suggesting that the genetic risk conferred by APOE epsilon4 may be mediated in part by this allele's effect on IDE expression. Other factors that influence IDE may be relevant in non-epsilon4 carriers. For example, insulin, a competitive inhibitor of IDE activity toward Abeta, may be elevated in non-epsilon4 cases. We here report IDE gene promoter region variants that are associated with AD in subjects without an epsilon4 allele. If these promoter region variants prove to affect expression levels, they may be relevant to disease as well. Further investigation of the relationship between APOE genotype, IDE genetic variants, and the expression and activity of hippocampal IDE is warranted. 相似文献
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Lemke Matthias R. Fuchs Gerd Gemende Irene Herting Birgit Oehlwein Christian Reichmann Heinz Rieke Jrgen Volkmann Jens 《Journal of neurology》2004,251(6):vi24-vi27
Abstract.
Depression occurs in approximately 45% of all patients with Parkinsons disease (PD), reduces quality of life independent of motor symptoms and seems to be underrated and undertreated. Characteristics of symptoms differ from major depression. Because of overlapping clinical symptoms, diagnosis is based on subjectively experienced anhedonia and feeling of emptiness. Available rating scales for major depression may not be adequate to correctly measure severity of depression in PD. Anxiety and depression may manifest as first symptoms of PD many years before motor symptoms. Serotonergic, noradrenergic and dopaminergic mechanisms play key roles in the etiology of depression in PD. Tricyclic and newer, selective antidepressants including serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SSRI, SNRI) appear to be effective in treating depression in PD. Selective reuptake inhibitors seem to have a favorable side effect profile. Recent controlled studies show antidepressant effects of pramipexole in bipolar II depression. New dopamine agonists pramipexole and ropinirole appear to ameliorate depressive symptoms in PD in addition to effects on motor symptoms. There is a lack of appropriate rating scales and controlled studies regarding depression in PD. 相似文献
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Journal of Neurology - 相似文献
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In this review, the potential role of positron emission tomography and single photon emission computed tomography as biological
markers for diagnosing and following the progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is discussed. Their value for assessing the
efficacy of putative neuroprotective agents in PD and for revealing the pharmacological changes underlying the symptomatology
and complications of this disorder is also considered. It is concluded that in the future functional imaging will provide
a valuable adjunct to clinical assessment when judging the efficacy of putative neuroprotective approaches to PD. 相似文献
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Diet and Alzheimer’s disease 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is increasing in prevalence. There are no known preventive or curative measures. There is evidence
that oxidative stress, homocysteinerelated vitamins, fats, and alcohol have a role in the pathogenesis of AD. Some epidemiologic
studies suggest that higher dietary intake of antioxidants, vitamins B6, B12, and folate, unsaturated fatty acids, and fish are related to a lower risk of AD, but reports are inconsistent. Modest to
moderate alcohol intake, particularly wine, may be related to a lower risk of AD. The Mediterranean diet may also be related
to lower AD risk. However, randomized clinical trials of supplements of vitamins E, B12, B6, and folate have shown no cognitive benefit, and randomized trials for other nutrients or diets in AD are not available.
The existing evidence does not support the recommendation of specific supplements, foods, or diets for the prevention of AD. 相似文献
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After more than one century from Alois Alzheimer and Gaetano Perusini’s first report, progress has been made in understanding
the pathogenic steps of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), as well as in its early diagnosis. This review discusses recent findings
leading to the formulation of novel criteria for diagnosis of the disease even in a preclinical phase, by using biological
markers. In addition, treatment options will be discussed, with emphasis on new disease-modifying compounds and future trial
design suitable to test these drugs in an early phase of the disease. 相似文献
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Matsui H Nishinaka K Oda M Niikawa H Komatsu K Kubori T Udaka F 《Journal of neurology》2007,254(9):1170-1173
Abstract
Objectives
The pathophysiology of depression and anxiety in Parkinson's disease remains obscure. We aimed to compare the fractional anisotropy
(FA) values of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with and without depression to investigate the nature of depression in PD.
Methods
Twenty-eight patients were divided into two groups: those with depression and those without. Diagnosis of depression was made
using the DSM-IV criteria. Patients in the two groups were matched for Hoehn Yahr stage.
Results
There were significant reductions in FA values in the bilateral frontal ROIs possibly representing anterior cingulate bundles.
Conclusions
The anterior cingulate bundles play an important role in depression in PD, and some aspects of depression in PD have pathological
processes in common with de novo depression. 相似文献
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INTRODUCTIONWe examined the prevalence of cancer in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and controls evaluated at the Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville, Florida, between 2003 and 2014.METHODSWe retrospectively collected information regarding cancer diagnoses and diagnosis of PD from 971 unrelated PD patients and 478 controls, and all were white. For PD patients, we examined cancers diagnosed before and after PD diagnosis separately in addition to considering all cancer diagnoses.RESULTSTwenty different cancers were identified. In PD patients, the most common types of cancer were skin cancer (17.3% overall; 10.6% before PD), followed by nonmelanoma skin cancer (16.0% overall; 9.7% before PD), prostate cancer in men (12.8% overall; 9.2% before PD), breast cancer in women (10.6% overall; 6.3% before PD), and melanoma (2.4% overall; 1.1% before PD). Compared to controls, a significantly lower frequency of nonmelanoma skin cancer (odds ratio [OR]: 0.62, P = 0.0024) and any skin cancer (OR: 0.57, P = 0.0002) was observed in PD patients. These differences were greater when considering only cases with cancers that occurred before PD diagnosis (OR: 0.49, P < 0.0001; OR: 0.45, P < 0.0001, respectively), and there was a lower frequency of melanoma and any cancer preceding PD diagnosis compared to controls (OR: 0.31, P = 0.003; OR: 0.36, P < 0.0001). There was no evidence of a frequency difference for any other cancer.CONCLUSIONSPD patients had a lower frequency of skin cancers or any cancer prior to PD diagnosis compared to controls, suggesting that cancer may have a protective effect on PD risk. 相似文献
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Alexei Verkhratsky Markel Olabarria Harun N. Noristani Chia-Yu Yeh Jose Julio Rodriguez 《Neurotherapeutics》2010,7(4):399-412
The circuitry of the human brain is formed by neuronal networks embedded into astroglial syncytia. The astrocytes perform
numerous functions, providing for the overall brain homeostasis, assisting in neurogenesis, determining the micro-architecture
of the grey matter, and defending the brain through evolutionary conserved astrogliosis programs. 相似文献
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C. Pasetti S. Rossi Ferrario R. Fornara D. Picco C. Foglia J. Galli 《Neurological sciences》2003,24(3):203-204
Abstract.
Relatively little has been published in the international
literature concerning the caregiving-related problems associated
with Parkinsons disease. We therefore undertook two exploratory
studies that have allowed us to identify the needs and specific
problems perceived by such caregivers in both qualitative and
quantitative terms. 相似文献
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Knopman D 《Current neurology and neuroscience reports》2001,1(5):428-434
In the past 2 years, substantive advances in therapy for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have occurred. The nature of the effects
of cholinesterase inhibitors has been refined with the publication of several studies that have examined different aspects
of the symptomatology of AD. Break-throughs in the basic science of Alzheimer’s disease have led to new insights into potential
therapeutic strategies targeted at the secretases involved in the metabolism of the Alzheimer precursor protein. An immunization
approach, in which the β-amyloid protein itself was used as the immunizing agent, has also been presented and independently
validated. Other areas of investigation with disappointing results, such as estrogen replacement therapy, anti-inflammatory
approaches, and several other therapeutic agents, are also reviewed. 相似文献
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Depression is common in Parkinson’s disease (PD), and its identification and treatment are critically important in disease
management. Despite depression’s high prevalence and major impact on patient quality of life, questions remain regarding its
epidemiology and preferred treatment. The authors of this paper summarize available information on the epidemiology of depression
in PD, review treatment options, and discuss possible interactions between antidepressants and other agents. This information
may help guide clinical treatment and define the need for further studies. 相似文献
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