肺黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤的CT诊断

目的 研究肺黏膜相关淋巴组织(MALT)淋巴瘤的CT表现,提高对该病的认识及鉴别诊断能力.方法 回顾性分析经病理证实的12例MALT淋巴瘤的CT表现,影像观察指标为病灶的数量、分布、形态、密度及伴随征象.结果 12例MALT淋巴瘤中共检出肺实变、肺肿块、肺结节、磨玻璃样病灶32个,病灶单发2例,多发10例;多发病例中单肺多发2例,双肺多发8例.肺实变10例共21个病灶,其内均可见支气管充气征,1例2个病灶内见支气管扩张;肺肿块或结节影3例共5个病灶,3个病灶内可见支气管充气征;磨玻璃样改变2例共6个病灶;1例伴纵隔及肺门淋巴结肿大.结论 MALT淋巴瘤CT上常表现为双肺多发、含有支气管充气征的肺实变、肿块、结节样或磨玻璃样改变;上述影像表现及相对缓慢的病变过程提示MALT淋巴瘤的诊断.     

CT Diagnosis of Pulmonary Mucosa Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma

目的 探讨肺黏膜相关淋巴组织型(MALT)淋巴瘤的CT影像学表现及特征.资料与方法 回顾性分析15例确诊的肺MALT淋巴瘤的CT影像学表现.结果 CT表现为实变12例(80％),团块9例(60％),结节7例(46.7％),斑片影11例(73.3％),磨玻璃影5例(33.3％),支气管血管束增粗6例(40％),支气管充气征8例(53.3％),均合并分布在实变、团块中,间质纤维化1例(6.7％),胸膜改变14例(93.3％),肺门纵隔淋巴结增大4例(26.7％),团块、实变、斑片影合并存在6例(40％).结论 肺MALT淋巴瘤主要表现为实变、团块、结节、斑片影等,多合并存在,实变团块中多见支气管充气征,团块边缘较模糊.病程较长,病灶可以较长时间没有影像学变化.     

肺黏膜相关淋巴组织型淋巴瘤的CT表现及诊断价值

目的探讨肺黏膜相关淋巴组织型(MALT)淋巴瘤的CT影像学表现及特征。资料与方法回顾性分析15例确诊的肺MALT淋巴瘤的CT影像学表现。结果 CT表现为实变12例(80%),团块9例(60%),结节7例(46.7%),斑片影11例(73.3%),磨玻璃影5例(33.3%),支气管血管束增粗6例(40%),支气管充气征8例(53.3%),均合并分布在实变、团块中,间质纤维化1例(6.7%),胸膜改变14例(93.3%),肺门纵隔淋巴结增大4例(26.7%),团块、实变、斑片影合并存在6例(40%)。结论肺MALT淋巴瘤主要表现为实变、团块、结节、斑片影等,多合并存在,实变团块中多见支气管充气征,团块边缘较模糊。病程较长,病灶可以较长时间没有影像学变化。     

肺黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤的CT表现

目的探讨肺黏膜相关淋巴组织(MALT)淋巴瘤的CT表现,以提高对本病的认识。方法回顾性分析21例经手术、穿刺活检病理证实的肺黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤的CT影像表现。结果 21例MALT中,双侧肺分布14例(66.7%),单侧肺病灶7例(33.3%)。病灶形态呈斑片及实变影16例(76.2%),结节形或肿块样4例(19%),弥漫性间质性改变1例(4.8%)。结节状病灶、实变病灶及斑片状病灶内有较粗大的支气管充气征12例,粗大蜂窝状改变2例,MALT病灶边缘较清晰,不规则15例,伴毛刺样改变的5例,胸膜凹陷的3例,伴胸腔积液的4例。结论肺MALT淋巴瘤CT表现多样,可为单发结节影、斑片状影及实变影,亦可弥漫性间质性改变,病灶内常伴有粗大的支气管充气征,病灶周边不规则,伴毛刺及胸膜凹陷改变,上述影像表现要考虑MALT的诊断。     

肺继发性淋巴瘤的CT诊断

目的　分析肺继发性淋巴瘤的CT和HRCT表现特点 ,表现类型以及分布特点。方法　回顾分析 2 4例经临床或病理证实的肺继发性淋巴瘤的CT表现。结果　肺继发性淋巴瘤的CT表现主要包括支气管血管束增粗、单发和多发结节、肿块样实变及渗出性改变等 5种形式 ,分为肺炎肺泡、结节、支气管血管淋巴管、粟粒和混合型等 5种类型 ,其中混合型最多见 (Ρ <0 .0 5 )。HRCT表现为支气管血管束不规则增粗、肺小叶内结节和实变、肺小叶核增粗和间隔增厚、毛玻璃样改变及囊性变等 7种形式 ,肺内病变分布以双侧、下叶多见 (Ρ <0 .0 5 )。结论　多种表现形式并存是肺继发性淋巴瘤CT表现的重要特点 ,对诊断具有重要价值     

MSCT在肺黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤诊断中的应用价值

目的探讨多层螺旋CT(MSCT)在肺黏膜相关淋巴组织(MALT)淋巴瘤诊断中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析我院自2007年6月~2014年11月经手术或穿刺病理证实为肺黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤的9例患者MS(T资料。所有患者均行CT平扫及增强扫描,CT表现由两名影像科医师共同分析。结果 9例患者中,病变为单发4例,多发为5例。共检出肺实变、结节、磨玻璃影及肿块病灶24个,其中肺实变伴支气管充气征为最常见表现,共计14例。肺结节、磨玻璃影及肿块病灶分别为3个、5个及2个。6例可见"血管漂浮征"。增强扫描呈轻至中度均匀强化,所有患者未见胸腔积液,纵膈及双侧肺门未见肿大淋巴结。结论肺MALT淋巴瘤在CT上多表现为单发或多发实变影伴支气管充气征,亦可见表现为结节、磨玻璃影或肿块,对于以上影像表现并且临床病程发展缓慢,抗炎效果不佳,应该考虑肺MALT淋巴瘤的诊断,MSCT在肺MALT淋巴瘤的临床诊治中具有重要价值。     

肺内淋巴瘤的影像诊断

目的 探讨肺内淋巴瘤的影像学特征及表现.方法 选择2016年3月-2020年6月收治的30例肺内淋巴瘤患者为研究对象,均行CT、腹部超声检查,其中行气管分叉和肺内病灶薄层扫描检查12例,其余行常规胸部CT检查18例,回顾性分析临床资料.结果 所有患者均顺利完成检查,可见多发或单发肺肿块、结节,其中可见空洞4例,可见空气支气管征8例,病灶边缘表现为磨玻璃样或者棉絮状25例;合并双肺多发栗粒结节6例,合并双肺磨玻璃样变或细网状结构20例;同时,肺假性淋巴瘤8例,主要以空气支气管征为主的双肺多发大片浸润为主要表现,无肺门及纵隔淋巴结肿大.结论 肺淋巴结影像表现呈现出多样化的特点,往往合并肺间质变、肺内斑片影,应该及时行病理检查,减少漏诊或误诊.     

原发性肺非霍奇金淋巴瘤的CT诊断

目的：探讨原发性肺非霍奇金淋巴瘤的CT表现特点。方法：回顾性分析经临床病理证实的13例原发性肺非霍奇金淋巴瘤的CT表现。结果：高度恶性弥漫性大B细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤4例14个病灶,其中肿块型2例3个肿块,结节型1例3个结节,混合型1例8个病灶;低度恶性小B细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤9例24个病灶,其中肿块型1例1个肿块,结节型1例2个结节,肺叶实变型3例5个病灶,混合型4例16个病灶。在肿块型3例4个肿块中,支气管充气征3个,伴不规则坏死空洞2个;结节型2例共5个结节,其中结节边缘见磨玻璃征及内见支气管充气征2个;肺叶实变型3例5个病灶,实变区内均见支气管充气征,其中边缘见磨玻璃征2个病灶,支气管腔明显狭窄阻塞1个病灶;混合型5例24个病灶,为多种表现并存,其中支气管充气征10个,磨玻璃征12个。CT增强5例,其中轻度强化3例,中度强化2例。结论：原发性肺非霍奇金淋巴瘤CT表现形式多样性,CT表现结合临床资料有助于该疾病的诊断。     

肺原发性淋巴瘤的多层螺旋CT 诊断

目的：探讨肺原发淋巴瘤的多层螺旋CT特征,提高对本病的认识。方法回顾性分析经病理证实的肺原发淋巴瘤21例多层螺旋CT表现。结果21例患者均为非何杰金淋巴瘤,其中黏膜相关淋巴组织结外边缘区B细胞淋巴瘤16例,高度恶性弥漫性大B细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤4例,T细胞淋巴瘤1例。结节和肿块型8例,肺炎肺泡型7例,混合型6例。病灶内可见支气管充气征14例,病灶周边可见小叶间隔增厚4例,可见病变跨叶生长2例,合并胸腔积液5例。结论肺原发淋巴瘤多层螺旋CT表现多样,沿肺间质分布的多发肿块或边缘清晰的实变伴支气管壁增厚,病变周边小叶间隔增厚,抗感染治疗无效,可以提示肺淋巴瘤的诊断。     

原发性肺黏液腺癌的CT和MRI表现

目的 结合病理探讨原发性肺黏液腺癌（PPMA）的CT和MRI表现。资料与方法 回顾性分析南京市胸科医院2018年1月—2020年12月经手术病理或穿刺活检证实的30例PPMA的临床及影像资料,结合病理分析其CT和MRI表现。结果 30例患者中,26例表现为结节/肿块型,4例表现为实变型。26例结节/肿块型CT表现为直径0.7～5.8 cm,分叶征14例,毛刺征9例,胸膜凹陷9例,空泡/假空洞征8例,支气管充气征11例。病灶周围见磨玻璃影11例。结节/肿块实性区平扫平均CT值（35.3±4.1）Hu,10例CT增强扫描中4例可见强化血管影穿行。4例实变型CT表现为病灶密度偏低4例,边缘模糊3例,支气管充气征3例,实变周围多发磨玻璃影4例,2例行增强扫描均可见血管造影征。病灶直径>2 cm的15例患者行MRI扫描,11例结节/肿块型病灶T1WI均呈等信号,4例T2WI呈均匀高信号,4例呈稍高信号,3例呈等高混杂信号。4例实变型病灶T1WI呈等信号,T2WI呈大片高信号,T2WI-spc呈高信号,呈“白肺征”。结论 原发性肺黏液腺癌CT表现为密度偏低的结节肿块或大片实变,毛刺细软及胸膜...     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.