对缺氧代谢敏感的鼠心肌线粒体膜^99Tc^m—MIBI特异性结合蛋白 …

探讨＾９９Ｔｃ＾ｍ－甲氧基异丁基异腈心肌线粒体非膜电位依赖性结合机制。方法分离ＳＤ大鼠心肌线粒体片段和制作心肌超薄切片。用薄层层析法（ＴＬＣ）和ＳＤＳ聚丙酰胺凝胶电泳法（ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ）分析＾９９Ｔｃ＾ｍ－ＭＩＢＩ特异性结合蛋白。采用有氧－缺氧－再给氧程序分析＾９９Ｔｃ－ＭＩＢＩ对心肌摄取和清除＾９９Ｔｃ＾ｍ－ＭＩＢＩ的影响。结果在ＴＬＣ上可见２个结合９９Ｔｃ＾ｍ－ＭＩＢＩ计数峰。其中之一Ｋｄ值     

^99Tc^m—MIBI静息心肌断层显像对年轻心肌梗死患者心肌损 …

目的：用＾９９Ｔｃ＾ｍ－甲氧基异丁基异腈（ＭＩＢＩ）静息ＳＰＥＣＴ显像评价年轻心肌死患者的心肌损伤。方法总结分析了４例年龄〈４０岁的心肌梗死患者＾９９Ｔｃ＾ｍ－ＭＩＢＩ静息心肌灌注断层显像,并与冠状动脉造影和ＥＣＧ进行比较,结果４２例年轻心肌梗死患者,９０％（３８例）心肌灌注显像异常,１０％（４例）未见明显异常,诊断灵敏度为９０％。与ＥＣＧ相比,心肌灌注显像对梗死灶定位更准确,特别是心尖和后壁梗死     

肺通气/灌注显像用于肺容积 减少术的病例选择

目的 评价肺通气／灌注（Ｖ／Ｐ）显像对慢性阻塞性肺病（ＣＯＰＤ）肺容积减少术（ＬＶＲＳ）病例的选择及手术部位和范围确定的价值。方法 １２８例ＣＯＰＤ患者（均为男性，年龄４５～７６岁）进行Ｖ／Ｐ显像，其中２９例（年龄４５～７４岁）进行ＬＶＲＳ治疗，术后３～６个月复查，通气显像采用＾９９Ｔｃ＾ｍ－ＤＴＰＡ气溶胶吸入法，灌注显像用＾９９Ｔｃ＾ｍ－人血清聚合白蛋白（ＭＡＡ）静注法，根据显像类型分成①局灶型     

^99mTc标记抗人肝癌单抗Fab片段修饰物在荷人肝癌裸鼠模型中…

研究抗人肝细胞癌单克隆抗体Ｆａｂ片段修饰物的＾９９ｍＴｃ标记方法，用２－亚氨基噻吩盐（ＩＴ）修饰ＨＡｂ１８Ｆａｂ片段，用＾９９ｍＴｃ－ＧＨ转络合法标记ＩＴ－Ｆａｂ测定标主物的放化纯度及生物活性，进行荷人肝癌裸鼠模型的放射免疫显像。结果：纸层析法测得标记物为５０％～８０％，体外细胞结合法测定免疫活性为３０％～４０％，荷人肝癌裸鼠模型尾静脉注入＾９９ｍＴｃ－ＩＴ－Ｆａｂ后４～８小时，肿瘤区放射性有浓工     

^99mTc—MIBI显像诊断自主功能性甲状腺结节

报告２０例自主功能性甲状腺结节显像的诊断意义，９例＾９９ｍＴｃＯ＾－４显像示正常甲状腺组织完全被抑制的病例，８例＾９９ｍＴｃ－甲氧基异丁基异腈（ＭＩＢＩ）显像正常甲状腺组织显影清晰；１１例正常甲状腺组织不全抑制的病例，＾９９ｍＴｃ－ＭＩＢＩ显像８例显影较＾９９ｍ－ＴｃＯ４显像清晰，３例未见变化。虽然＾９９ｍＴｃ－ＭＩＢＩ显像与ＴＳＨ刺激试验显像的原理不同，但它能使功能受抑制的正常甲状腺组织显像，能     

继发性甲状腺功能亢进的^99Tc^m—MIBI双时相显像

目的 评价＾９９Ｔｃ＾ｍ－甲氧基异丁基异腈（ＭＩＢＩ）双时相显像法在肾性继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进（ＳＨＰ）患者中的诊断价值。方法 ２０例因慢性肾功能衰竭行血液透析患者,临床诊断与ＳＨＰ,均行双时相法＾９９Ｔｃ＾ｍ－ＭＩＢＩ甲状旁腺显像,运用甲状旁腺／甲状腺（ＰＴ／Ｔ）比值及甲状旁腺指数（ＰＴＩ）观察阳性病灶对ＭＩＢＩ的清除,３例行颈部探查术并作甲状腺自体移植,结果 ８例显像阳性,其中３例手术摘除９枚     

扩张型心肌病和缺血性心肌病心肌灌注,代谢及功能的综合评价

目的 探讨核素显像在扩张性心肌病（ＤＣＭ）的缺血性心肌病（ＣＡＤ－ＤＭ）诊断及鉴别诊断中的作用。方法 对２８例ＤＣＭ和５５例ＣＡＤ－ＣＭ均行＾９９Ｔｃ＾ｍ－甲氧基异丁基异腈（ＭＩＢＩ）静息心肌灌注ＳＰＥＣＴ及＾１８Ｆ－脱氧葡萄糖（ＦＤＧ）心肌代谢ＰＥＴ显像，其中７３例行核素心室显像，６８例做冠状动脉造影。结果 心肌灌注显像２３例（８２％）ＤＣＭ为不呈节段分布的、散在的稀疏，４例（１４％）有灌注缺损     

^99Tc^m—抗粒细胞单克隆抗体BW250／183的体内生物学分布？…

目的：研究＾９９Ｔｃ＾ｍ－抗粒细胞单克隆抗体（ＢＷ２５０／１８３）的体内生物学分布及骨髓免疫显像的实步应用。方法①利用纸层析法测定不同时相＾９９Ｔｃ＾ｍ－ＢＷ２５０／１８３的放化纯及其稳定定性；②１例正常志愿注射＾９９Ｔｃ＾ｍ－ＢＷ２５０／１８３后于不同时相行全身显像，并抽取静脉血，计算各器官占全身的放射性分布百分数及血流动力在数，同时计数外周血白细胞；③利用感兴趣技术对５例对照的骨髓免疫显像     

99Tcm-谷胱甘肽一步法药盒的制备和实验研究

目的 对新型亲炎症或感染显像剂＾９９Ｔｃ＾ｍ－谷胱甘肽（ＧＳＨ）的制备,质控及药代动力学进行研究。方法 用氯化亚锡作还原剂,制备冷冻干燥＾９９Ｔｃ＾ｍ－ＧＳＨ一步法药盒,用纸层析法鉴定＾９９Ｔｃ＾ｍ－ＧＳＨ标记率及标记稳定性,测定标记物＾９９Ｔｃ＾ｍ－ＧＳＨ的理化性质,生物学特性。结果 室温下该药盒与＾９９Ｔｃ＾ｍＯ＾－４混合３０ｍｉｎ后,＾９９Ｔｃ＾ｍ－ＧＳＨ标记率大于９９％,标记方法简便,标记     

分化型甲状腺癌术后复发和转移的早期诊断及处理

着重介绍了血清Ｔｇ、血清ＴｇＡｂ、＾１３１Ｉ－ＷＢＳ、血浆内源性放射性碘化甲状腺激素层析测定、＾２０１Ｔ１显像、＾９９ｍＴｃ－ＭＩＢＩ显像以及放射性标记抗Ｔｇ抗体免疫显像等在ＤＴＣ术后随访中的价值和作用，并对手术、＾１３１Ｉ治疗、外放疗、化疗和甲状腺激素治疗在ＤＴＣ术后复发或转移处理中的价值和地位进行了探讨。     

Evaluation of small-bowel transit for solid and liquid test meal in healthy men and women

Evaluation of severe functional gastrointestinal motility disorders requires an investigation of the entire gastrointestinal tract. This should be possible with a single radionuclide imaging study. The purpose of this study was (1) to define normal values of small-bowel transit in men and women and (2) to assess a possible difference between gender or test meal, since it has been shown that women have slower gastric emptying than men, and gastric emptying of solids is slower than liquids. A standard gastric-emptying test for a solid (technetium-99m sulphur colloid, 230 Kcal) and liquid (indium-111 DTPA water) test meal was performed in 12 healthy male and 12 healthy female volunteers. After 135 min, the volunteer was placed in the supine position for static imaging of the abdomen every 15 min for 6 h. Decay and crossover-corrected geometric mean gastric-emptying data were fit to a modified power exponential function to determine the 10% stomach emptying time for solids and liquids separately. An ROI was drawn around the caecum and ascending colon to determine the arrival time of at least 10% of the solid and liquid test meal. Ten percent small-bowel transit time (10% SBTT) and orocaecal transit time (OCTT) were calculated. The OCTT for males and females, respectively for solids and liquids, are 294.6 +/- 18.8; 301.3 +/- 24.5; 294.6 +/- 18.8 and 301.3 +/- 24.5 min. The 10% SBTT for males and females, respectively for solids and liquids, are 280.3 +/- 18.4; 280.6 +/- 24.0; 288.2 +/- 18.9 and 297.4 +/- 24.4 (mean +/- SEM) min. We observed a simultaneous transfer of solids and liquids from the terminal ileum to caecum (correlation coefficient 0.90). There is no statistically significant difference in SBTT between gender or solids and liquids. In contrast to the gastric-emptying time, the SBTT of solids and liquids were not significantly different nor was a gender difference found. Determination of the OCTT seems to be the simplest and most accurate approach to measure SBTT. Since ileocaecal transfer occurs as a bolus phenomenon, a 111In-labelled test meal can also be used for the determination of colon transit in a single imaging study protocol.     

Evaluation of small-bowel transit for solid and liquid test meal in healthy men and women

Evaluation of severe functional gastrointestinal motility disorders requires an investigation of the entire gastrointestinal tract. This should be possible with a single radionuclide imaging study. The purpose of this study was (1) to define normal values of small-bowel transit in men and women and (2) to assess a possible difference between gender or test meal, since it has been shown that women have slower gastric emptying than men, and gastric emptying of solids is slower than liquids. A standard gastric-emptying test for a solid (technetium-99m sulphur colloid, 230 Kcal) and liquid (indium-111 DTPA water) test meal was performed in 12 healthy male and 12 healthy female volunteers. After 135 min, the volunteer was placed in the supine position for static imaging of the abdomen every 15 min for 6 h. Decay and crossover-corrected geometric mean gastric-emptying data were fit to a modified power exponential function to determine the 10% stomach emptying time for solids and liquids separately. An ROI was drawn around the caecum and ascending colon to determine the arrival time of at least 10% of the solid and liquid test meal. Ten percent small-bowel transit time (10%SBTT) and orocaecal transit time (OCTT) were calculated.The OCTT for males and females, respectively for solids and liquids, are 294.6±18.8; 301.3±24.5; 294.6±18.8 and 301.3±24.5 min. The 10%SBTT for males and females, respectively for solids and liquids, are 280.3±18.4; 280.6±24.0; 288.2±18.9 and 297.4±24.4 (mean±SEM) min. We observed a simultaneous transfer of solids and liquids from the terminal ileum to caecum (correlation coefficient 0.90). There is no statistically significant difference in SBTT between gender or solids and liquids. In contrast to the gastric-emptying time, the SBTT of solids and liquids were not significantly different nor was a gender difference found. Determination of the OCTT seems to be the simplest and most accurate approach to measure SBTT. Since ileocaecal transfer occurs as a bolus phenomenon, a ¹¹¹In-labelled test meal can also be used for the determination of colon transit in a single imaging study protocol. Received: 24 May and in revised from 1 July 1999     

Scintigraphy of the small intestine: a simplified standard for study of transit with reference to normal values

Evaluation of small bowel transit, which should preferably be performed using non-invasive techniques, is complex owing to the anatomical position of the small bowel. In order to avoid any influence of the gastric emptying rate on scintigraphic results, we have used (99m)Tc-HIDA, an intravenous tracer that is excreted in bile and thereby delivered directly into the duodenum. Thirty healthy subjects were studied after an overnight fast. Immediately after administration of 120 MBq (99m)Tc-HIDA, dynamic 1-min image acquisitions were begun. The duodenum and caecum were easily identified on the digitised images. Small bowel transit time was determined from the difference in the arrival times of the radiopharmaceutical in the proximal duodenum and caecum, as assessed by evaluation of the count rate against background activity (Scint 1) and by the visual appearance of activity (Scint 2). Hydrogen breath test was performed simultaneously to evaluate scintigraphic transit. Scintigraphic transit tests were also performed in 23 patients with motility disorders who had undergone manometry of the small bowel. In healthy subjects, the transit time of (99m)Tc-HIDA was 77.9+/-31.1 min (Scint 1) or 79.3+/-30.9 min (Scint 2) and the lactulose transit time was 100.1+/-43.4 min. Seventeen of the 23 patients had a dysmotility pattern verified by manometry, and in 14 of these patients, (99m)Tc-HIDA transit was prolonged. (99m)Tc-HIDA small bowel transit is a readily available method for the detection of transit abnormalities in the clinical setting. The method is clinically feasible and the transit time of (99m)Tc-HIDA shows a good correlation with results of the hydrogen breath test (lactulose transit time) in healthy volunteers.     

双核素结肠显像检测结肠运动功能

目的 建立一种新的、无创性的放射性核素定量检测结肠运动功能的方法。方法 正常对照者３２例,便秘患者２４例。将Ｎａ＾１３１Ｉ密封于在胃肠道内不被消化吸收的聚氯乙烯胶囊内,受检者同时口服Ｎａ＾１３１Ｉ胶囊及＾９９Ｔｃ－硫胶体,然后定时静态双核素采集,并计算图形中心（ＧＣ）值。结果 （１）＾９９Ｔｃ－硫胶体能清晰显示结肠轮廓,对Ｎａ＾１３１Ｉ胶囊进行准确体内定位;（２）正常对照组其口盲,结肠及全胃肠道通     

Functional assessment of human gastrointestinal tract using 99Tcm-latex particles

99Tcm-latex particles (LP) is a newly developed radiopharmaceutical for the evaluation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Following oral ingestion, it passes through the entire GI tract undissolved. The purpose of the present investigation was to introduce the clinical application of 99Tcm-LP. A group of 11 healthy volunteers was studied. Following a 12 h fast, the subjects were given 150 ml of water containing 37 MBq of 99Tcm-LP orally. Dynamic images up to 2 h were recorded to document temporal progression of radioactivity. Static images of the abdomen and whole body were taken at intervals. In normal subjects the tracer arrival times at the caecum and sigmoid colon were 3.2 +/- 0.9 and 11.2 +/- 3.2 h, respectively. The average t1/2 value for gastric emptying, 50% colonic filling and small bowel transit time were found to be 21.6 +/- 5.6, 233 +/- 72 and 211 +/- 66.4 min, respectively. In conclusion, 99Tcm-LP has the potential of providing functional information of the GI tract.     

Validation of the lactose-[13C]ureide breath test for determination of orocecal transit time by scintigraphy.

The breath test using oral administration of a 13C-labeled substrate, lactose-ureide (LU), to measure orocecal transit time (OCTT) was validated against 99mTc-scintigraphy. Although LU is not absorbed in the human small intestine, colonic bacteria readily metabolize LU, producing 13C-labeled CO2. The time at which 13CO2 appears in breath corresponds to the OCTT. METHODS: Twenty-two healthy volunteers ingested a meal labeled with 99mTc and 13C-LU. Scintigraphy was performed over 8 h at time intervals of 10 or 15 min. OCTT with scintigraphy was defined as the time at which at least 10% of the label had entered the colon. Breath samples were obtained every 10-15 min for 10 h and measured by isotope ratio mass spectrometry. OCTT was defined as the time of first significant increase above baseline. The results were compared using correlation and Altman-Bland statistics. RESULTS: OCTT results from scintigraphy (mean OCTT = 283+/-53 min) and breath test (mean OCTT = 292+/-58 min) correlated well (r = 0.94). Altman-Bland statistics showed close agreement between scintigraphy and breath test. No significant difference between male and female subjects was observed. CONCLUSION: The breath test using 13C-LU is a valid alternative to scintigraphy techniques for measuring OCTT.     

不透X线标志物法对胃排空及胃肠通过时间的测定

目的:评价自制不透X线标志物的临床应用价值,并确定正常人胃排空及胃肠道通过时间的正常值。方法:采用X线法对60例健康志愿者餐后1 h、2 h3、h的胃排空及24 h4、8 h肠道标志物排出情况进行观察。结果:正常人标准餐后3 h胃排空率为41.1±30.0%,24 h和48 h肠道标志物排出率分别为73.5±29.8%、99.0±20.9%。结论:自制的标志物具有良好的屏蔽功能;X线法胃排空及胃肠通过时间测定方法简单实用,值得临床推广。     

Technetium-99m-L,L-ethylenedicysteine scintigraphy in patients with renal disorders

Technetium-99m-L,L-ethylenedicysteine (^99mTc-L,L-EC), a new renal imaging agent, was introduced as an alternative to^99mTc-mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3). This radiopharmaceutical can be easily labelled at room temperature and has high radiochemical purity and long stability. The aim of this study was to gain clinical experience in using^99mTc-L,L-EC in normal volunteers and patients. The clearance of this radiopharmaceutical was compared with that of iodine-131ortho-iodohippurate (OIH) in five healthy volunteers. In addition, conventional renogram and whole-body distribution of^99mTc-L,L-EC (40 min and 3 h post-injection) were evaluated in these subjects. Subsequently, ten patients with suspected obstructive nephropathy, four with renovascular disorders and two in acute renal failure were imaged. In five patients with impaired renal function both^99mTc-MAG3 and^99mTc-L,L-EC studies were performed. In each case the scintigraphic images and time/activity curves were evaluated and various semiquantitative parameters calculated and compared. No adverse effects were noted during and after^99mTc-L,L-EC scintigraphy. The mean clearance values for^99mTc-L,L-EC and¹³¹I-OIH in volunteers were 504 and 663 ml/min respectively. The total plasma clearance of^99mTc-L,L-EC was about 75.8% of the¹³¹I-0IH value. In volunteers the parenchymal transit time index, whole kidney transit time index and mean parenchymal transit time for^99mTc-L,L-EC were 63 s, 124 s and 175 s respectively. The mean time to peak activity was 235 s and the time from peak to 50% of peak activity was 402 s. In all patients the results of scintigraphy were concordant with clinical findings and subsequently influenced patient management. Furthermore,^99mTc-L,L-EC scintigraphy provided high-quality images similar to those obtained with^99mTc-MAG3, even at low glomerular filtration rates (18 ml/min). It is concluded that^99mTc-L,L-EC has excellent imaging characteristics similar to^99mTc-MAG3 and excretion properties similar to OIH. This radiopharmaceutical can be used routinely to evaluate patients with renal disorders.     

Assessment of colonic transit time using MRI: a feasibility study

The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate a new, non-invasive examination method using MRI for the quantification of the colonic transit time after oral administration of gadolinium-saline solution filled capsules. Healthy volunteers without previous or acute symptoms of gastrointestinal disorders were enrolled. After a 3-day diet for the standardization of gastrocolonic content the volunteers swallowed five Gd-DTPA/saline 0.9%-filledcapsules. Seven different concentrations of Gd-DTPA/saline 0.9% solution between 1:0 and 0:1 were tested in a dilution series. Following ingestion of capsules, coronal Flash T1 and True Fisp sequences using a 1.5 Tesla system were obtained at 0 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 36 h and 60 h. Sequences were analyzed by two independent experts for locating the capsules. Overall colonic transit time was separately analyzed for both genders. Fifteen healthy volunteers (7 females, 8 males; mean age 34±13 years) were enrolled. The phantom study provided the best contrast in both the T1-and T2-weighted sequences defining a ratio of 1:10 for Gd-DTPA/saline 0.9% solution. The mean transit time accounted for 41±9 h in women and for 31±10 h in men. MRI is an adequate method for the assessment of colonic transit time offering the advantages of no exposure to radiation, short examination time, possible dynamic evaluation of the transit and the practicability in terms of a future adoption to clinical routine.     

药盒法制备99mTc-RBC的人体内稳定性及内照射剂量研究

目的研究用自制RBC药盒制备的^99mTc—RBC人体内稳定性和内照射辐射吸收剂量。方法4名健康志愿者，分别取肘静脉血1ml，用自制的RBC药盒进行放射性锝标记，每人注射481～555MBq，给药后5min，1，2．5，4，8和24h进行全身显像，测定^99Tc-RBC在人体内的生物分布；计算各器官在各时间点的放射性占注入量的百分数（％ID）；两种方法绘制各脏器时间一放射性计数曲线，计算各脏器的滞留时间，用MIRDOSE3．0软件计算出各受照器官的内照射辐射剂量。结果^99Tc—RBC在人体内较稳定，血池及大血管于给药后5min至8h均可清晰显影；人体内照射辐射吸收剂量估算结果与文献值相近，按一次给药555MBq计算，各器官的吸收剂量均低于50mGy。结论用本实验室自制RBC药盒制备的^99Tc—RBC体内稳定性好，内照射辐射吸收剂量符合要求。