前列腺炎合并不育症患者的抗精子抗体评价

目的评价前列腺炎合并不育症患者的抗精子抗体关系.方法应用混合球蛋白试验(MAR试验)、浅盘精子凝集试验(TAT试验)和浅盘精子制动试验(SIT),对35例前列腺炎合并不育症患者(A组)的血清和精子表面抗精子抗体进行检测,随机选择35例男性不育门诊初诊者作对照(B组).结果 A组采用TAT检出血清抗精子抗体阳性5例,滴度水平在1:8～16,SIT未测出阳性,采用MAR试验检出精子表面抗体阳性8例.B组采用TAT检出血清抗体阳性4例,SIT阳性1例,采用MAR试验检出精子表面抗体阳性2例.经t检验,A组精子表面抗精子抗体阳性率显著高于B组(P＜0.01).结论前列腺炎合并不育症患者存在着精子免疫因素,且表现出精子表面抗体发生率升高,临床对这类不育患者治疗要重视前列腺炎的抗炎处理.     

大庆地区少精子弱精子性不育症与抗精子抗体相关性的研究

目的本研究的目的是通过对男性不育患者的精液检测分析、少精子弱精子患者血清抗精子抗体的测定,探讨本地区男性不育症中少精子、弱精子的比例以及与抗精子抗体的相关性。方法通过对150例男性不育患者精液检测分析、根据精液常规结果将男性不育患者分组,研究精液正常组和少、弱精子组,统计两组患者血清抗精子抗体的阳性率。结果精液正常组87例,抗精子抗体阳性5例,占5.75%,其中少、弱精子组63例,抗精子抗体阳性32例,占50.79%,少、弱精子组抗精子抗体阳性率50.79%明显高于对照组5.75%,其差异有显著意义。结论少、弱精子与抗精子抗体有关。     

复发性流产患者抗精子抗体检测与分析

目的探讨抗精子抗体在复发性流产患者孕前检查中的应用价值。方法选取420例有复发性流产史患者作为试验组,其中男189例,女231例,对其进行抗精子抗体检测;同时选取有正常生育史的45例男性与65例女性作为参照组,对两组的抗精子抗体的检测结果进行比较分析。结果试验组女性的阳性率为10.39%,男性的阳性率为7.26%,对照组女性的阳性率为1.54%,男性对照组中无人发现抗体阳性,RSA组的抗体阳性率明显高于正常对照组,差别有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论 As Ab的产生与RSA密切相关,在对复发性流产患者的优生咨询中,需重视免疫学因素。     

用免疫珠试验检查312例不育不孕症患者精子抗体的临床分析

采用一种准确可靠的免疫珠试验（ＩＢＴ）检测３１２例不孕不育患者血清抗精子抗体，女性１９６例，男性１１６例，随机选２０例怀孕妇女作对照。结果：血清中抗精子抗体阳性发生率女性２０％；男性５％。怀孕妇女０％，两组比较差异显著。对免疫珠粘附 子部位、免疫珠结合精子百分率及重复性作了分析，试验表明，该试验不仅能检出精子表面附着免疫珠蛋白类型且易 精子表面抗体作定性、定量定位分析。     

280例不育症男性精奖浆抗精子抗体IgA与精子参数的研究

目的通过对男性患者精子质量分析,精浆抗精子抗体（antisperm antibodyAsAb）检测,分析精浆中抗精子抗体IgA与精子质量各项参数的相关性的。方法采用禁欲3-7天不育症患者的精液标本检测精子质量,进行精浆抗精子抗体检测.后对检测抗精子抗体阳性抗精子抗体阴性患者分组进行精子质量参数的统计学分析。结果280例不育男性抗精子抗体阳性率为15.35%,其精子的密度/活率活动度/均低于阴性组,两组间存在显著差异（P〈0.01）。结论精浆抗精子抗体IgA与精子密度、活率、精子活力关系密切是男性不育的主要原因之一。     

宁波地区不孕不育患者的生殖免疫性抗体检测分析

目的分析抗精子抗体(AsAb)、抗子宫内膜抗体(EMAb)、抗心磷脂抗体(AcL)与不孕不育的关系。方法采用ELISA法检测4165例男性不育患者血清中的AsAb;6592例女性不孕不育患者血清中的AsAb、EMAb、AcL。结果①10757例不孕不育患者中抗精子总抗体的阳性率为52.2%,IgM阳性率为22.1%。其中男性抗精子总抗体的阳性率为45.8%,IgM阳性率为13.5%;女性抗精子总抗体的阳性率为56.3%,IgM阳性率为27.5%。男女两组比较,抗精子总抗体、IgM的阳性率均有极显著性差异(P<0.01)。②6592例女性不孕不育患者EMAb的总阳性率为33.8%(2228/6592)。其中IgG阳性率为18.2%,IgM为15.6%,两者同时阳性389例,占5.9%;AcL的总阳性率为23.4%(1540/6592)。其中IgG阳性率为14.7%,IgM为8.6%,两者同时阳性396例,占6.0%。AsAb、EMAb、AcL检测中,其中两项同时阳性的1218例,占18.5%,3项同时阳性的627例,占9.5%。结论在免疫性不孕不育中最常见的是由AsAb引起的,AsAb、EMAb、AcL检测对免疫性不孕不育患者的诊断、治疗具有重要意义。     

不明原因不育症患者生殖免疫检测的分析

目的分析不孕不育患者血清中抗精子抗体、抗弓形虫抗体和抗子宫内膜抗体的发生率.方法应用ELISA法检测813例不孕不育患者的血清.结果各抗体的阳性率较多数文献报道的低,尤其是抗精子抗体和抗弓形虫抗体.女性患者这三种抗体的阳性率均高于男性,在女性中抗子宫内膜抗体阳性率较抗精子抗体和抗弓形虫抗体高.结论不孕不育患者血清中抗精子抗体、抗弓形虫抗体的阳性率较多数文献报道的低,这可能与所选用的试剂盒不同所致.     

581例女性不孕患者血清免疫性抗体结果分析

目的探讨女性不孕与血清免疫性抗体的关系。方法对581例不孕妇女血清进行抗心磷脂抗体（AcLAb）,抗子宫内膜抗体（EMAb）,抗卵巢抗体（AoAb）,抗精子抗体（AsAb）检测,结果AcLAb阳性17例,阳性率2.93%,EMAb阳性85例,阳性率14.63%,AoAb34例,阳性率5.85%,AsAb阳性144例,阳性率24.78%。结论血清免疫性抗体是导致女性不孕的一个重要原因。     

不孕不育患者循环抗精子抗体阳性因素分析及治疗

作者分析了不孕不育患者中循环抗精子抗体阳性者 2 76例 ,其中男性 130例 ,与正常生育组相比 ,精液体积、密度、Mh差异无显著性 ,而精子活率、活力、白细胞阳性率、SPIM、UU差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。女性患者 146例 ,与正常生育组相比 ,在黄体不健、子宫肌瘤方面差异无显著性 ,而在阴道炎症、宫颈糜烂、内生殖器炎症方面有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1)。男女循环抗精子抗体阳性的治疗 ,单用西药组、单用中药组、中西药结合组、中西药结合合并抗感染治疗组的 3个及大于 3个月的累计治愈率分别为 9.7%、5 1.2 %、70 .6 %、89.6 %、和 19.4%、5 8.1%、82 .4%、94.8% ,各组治愈率差异均显著     

456例免疫性不孕患者血清AsAb、ACLA检测结果分析

目的 探讨抗精子抗体(AsAb)、抗心磷脂抗体(ACLA)在女性不孕中的意义.方法 采用ELISA方法检测456例不孕患者血清中AsAb、ACLA,同时选取已正常生育的妇女220例作为时照.结果 不孕患者AsAb阳性156例,阳性率为34.2%(156/456);ACLA阳性134例,阳性率为29.4%(134/456),对照组ACLA阳性8例,阳性率为3.6%(8/220),不孕组ACLA阳性率显著高于对照组(P<0.005).结论 AsAb、ACLA与不孕关系密切,血清中AsAb、ACLA的存在是不孕的危险因素.     

Antisperm Antibodies in Prepubertal Boys and Their Reactivity with Antigenic Determinants on Differentiated Spermatozoa

PROBLEM: Antisperm antibodies induced in prepubertal boys with testicular failures were characterized by using four techniques of antibody detection. The reactivity of circulating antisperm antibodies in prepubertal boys and the reactivity of antibodies in sera samples of adult fertile and infertile males were compared against the same sperm antigenic pools (live or fixed spermatozoa, or sperm antigenic extracts). METHOD OF STUDY: The incidence of antisperm antibodies in sera samples of 69 prepubertal boys with testicular failures and 21 samples obtained from adult, male individuals was assessed by indirect immunobead binding test (IDIBT), flow cytometry measurement, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Western blotting. Immunoblot analysis was performed by using sperm extracts of glycosylated and deglycosylated solubilized membrane antigens. RESULTS: Sera samples were studied in a group composed of healthy prepubertal boys (n = 7) and prepubertal boys with testicular failures (n = 69). Applied tests of antibody detection revealed striking differences in a group of boys with testicular pathology. With IDIBT, 7% of the sera samples were found positive, whereas with flow cytometry measurement, 48% of the sera samples were positive. Immunosorbent assay (fixed sperm) indicated 32% positive cases in the same group. The sera samples were found to be positive in 65% of immunoblotting reactions with glycosylated antigens and in 70% of immunoblotting reactions with deglycosylated antigens. All applied detection assays were clearly negative on sera samples from fertile, adult males. Western immunoblotting indicated an immunodominant antigenic determinant of 58 kDa. CONCLUSIONS: Tests of antibody detection with the use of live sperm (IDIBT and flow cytometry measurements) presented low sensitivity (8% and 48%, respectively) in a group of prepubertal boys. This observation underlines the difficulties in assigning the prospective prognosis of future fertility status in prepubertal boys with antisperm antibodies.     

Antisperm Antibodies Detected by ZER Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Kit Are Not Those Detected by Tray Agglutination Test

ABSTRACT: Antisperm antibodies may play a role in the pathogenesis of infertility, particularly in the male. One of the standardized methods for detecting antisperm antibodies is the tray agglutination test (TAT). Unfortunately, this assay requires fresh motile spermatozoa. Tests for binding of antibody to fixed sperm or sperm extracts have been developed as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), and we compared the results of using one such ELISA method with the TAT to detect antisperm antibodies in a panel of known positive and negative sera from infertile and control patients. With respect to the TAT assay, the ELISA gave a 75% false-positive test rate and a 63% false-negative rate. It is important to validate new assays such as the ELISA before widespread application to patient screening particularly since patients judged to have antisperm antibodies may be treated with high-dose corticosteroid drugs that are not without significant side effects.     

Immunological assessment of infertility by estimation of antisperm antibodies in infertile couples.

160 clinical samples were collected from 40 infertile couples with unexplained infertility. The samples collected included serum and seminal plasma of the male partners and serum and cervical mucus samples of the female partners. 25 fertile healthy couples were investigated as controls. All the samples collected were then tested for class-specific antisperm antibodies by an Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Antisperm antibodies were detected in 30% of the infertile couples which included 25% female and 10% male partners. Amongst the cases positive for antisperm antibodies, antibodies were detected most frequently in female sera 58.4% followed by male sera 33% and 25% in cervical mucus. The isotyping of antisperm antibodies in various samples showed IgG to be the most frequent type specific antibody followed by IgM & IgA types of antibodies. ELISA has provided a relatively simple, reliable and highly reproducible method of detection of antisperm antibodies. Thus application of antisperm antibody testing especially in cervical mucus should become an integral part of the investigation of immunologic infertility.     

The Immunoglobulin Class of anti-spermatozoal antibodies in Serum

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to determine the immunoglobulin class of circulating antisperm antibody using a technique called the indirect immunobead test (IBT). In the IBT sperm bound antibodies are detected using polyacrylamide beads coated with rabbit antihuman immunoglobulin classes IgG, IgA, and IgM. Of the 20 infertile men with serum immobilizins, 100% were found to be positive for sperm-bound IgG, 50% positive for IgA, and 0% positive for IgM, using the IBT. Similarly, 20 infertile females with serum immobilizins showed 95% positivity for IgG, 60% for IgA, and 15% for IgM. Thus there was a good correspondence between the presence of serum immobilizins as determined by the sperm immobilization test (SIT) and the IBT. This study provides data that indicates that IgG and IgA are the two major immunoglobulin classes of sperm antibody in male and female immune sera as detected by a simple, sensitive immunological technique, the serum IBT.     

Presence of antibodies to sperm YLP(12) synthetic peptide in sera and seminal plasma of immunoinfertile men

Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), sera (n = 15) and seminal plasma (n = 30) from antisperm antibody-positive immunoinfertile men (n = 45) and from fertile men (n = 45), were tested for the immunoreactivity with the synthetic YLP(12) sperm peptide. Of the 15 immunoinfertile sera tested, 46% were positive for immunoglobulin (Ig)M, 73% for IgG, and 40% for IgA. Of the 30 samples of immunoinfertile seminal plasma tested, 10% were positive for IgM, 20% for IgG, and 43% for IgA. None of the sera or seminal plasma from fertile men showed a positive reaction. There was no significant correlation between the sperm immobilization technique (SIT) or tray agglutination technique (TAT) titres or percentage binding in immunobead binding technique (IBT) and the antibody reactivity for any class in the ELISA. The YLP(12) peptide conjugated to bovine serum albumin-Sepharose 4B beads pulled out IgG antibodies from the serum of the immunoinfertile, but not the fertile, men. The beads pulled out IgA antibodies from the immunoinfertile, but not the fertile, seminal plasma. The immuno-affinity purified antipeptide antibodies reacted with a specific band of 72 +/- 5 kDa in the human testis and with a specific band of approximately 50 +/- 5 kDa in the human sperm extracts. The YLP(12) peptide may have applications in the specific diagnosis and treatment of male infertility and in contraceptive vaccine development.     

Immunology: Circulating antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis in women: relationship to antisperm and antichiamydial antibodies in semen of male partners

The relation between antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis andspermatozoa in sera of 112 asymptomatic female partners of infertilecouples with no history of C.trachomatis infections and antichlamydialantibodies in semen or antisperm antibodies on ejaculated spermatozoaof their male partners was examined. Samples were tested forimmunoglobulin (Ig)A and IgG antibodies to C.trachomatis byenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; antisperm antibodies in seraand on motile spermatozoa were assayed by immunobead binding.IgG antibodies to C.trachomatis were detected in 24 (21.4%)of the women; only five (4.5%) women were positive for antichlamydialIgA. Antichlamydial IgG was detected in sera from 10 (40.0%)of 25 women whose partners had antichlamydial IgA in semen asopposed to 14 (16.1%) of 87 women whose partners' semen werenegative for this antibody (P=0.02). Similarly, antichlamydialIgG was detected in sera from five (50%) of 10 women whose partnershad antichlamydial IgG in semen as opposed to 19 (18.6%) of102 women whose partners' semen lacked this antibody (P=0.03).There was no relation between antichlamydial antibodies in womenand circulating antichlamydial antibodies in men. A strong correlation(P=0.001) was observed between IgG antichlamydial antibodiesin a woman's serum and antisperm antibodies on ejaculated spermatozoaof her partner [8 of 14 (57.1%) versus 16 of 98 (163%)]. Conversely,antichlamydial antibodies in a woman's serum was unrelated tothe presence of antisperm antibodies in either her own serumor her partner's serum. The data demonstrate that chlamydialinfections of the male genital tract, which are associated withantisperm antibody formation on ejaculated spermatozoa, arelikely to be transmitted to the female partner. In contrast,the presence of antichlamydial antibodies in sera does not necessarilyappear to indicate an infection of the genital tract and isnot associated with the heterosexual transmission of C.trachomatis.     

Antichlamydial and antisperm antibodies in patients with chlamydial infections

PROBLEM: Establishing the correlation between antichlamydial antibodies (AchAbs) and antisperm antibodies (ASA) in patients with chlamydial infections. METHOD OF STUDY: ASA were studied in sera from patients (142 with genital, 57 with ocular chlamydial infections) and control group (n = 100) by gelatin and tray agglutination test (TAT), sperm immobilization test (SIT) and ELISA. AchAbs were revealed by ELISA. RESULTS: A significantly higher (P < 0.05) ASA incidence was noted in patients with genital infections as compared with controls and patients with ophthalmologic infection (P < 0.0001), but not between patients with ophthalmologic infection and controls (P > 0.05). A significant correlation was established between AchAbs and ASA for TAT (r = 0.8214, P = 0.0341), SIT (r = 0.797, P = 0.032) and ELISA (r = 0.8519, P = 0.0313) in patients with genital infections only. CONCLUSIONS: The genital Chlamydia infection may play a role in the induction of ASA. This is probably a result of the inflammatory process, but not of cross-reactivity between sperm and Chlamydia trachomatis antigens.     

Detection of Antisperm Antibodies on the Surface of Motile Spermatozoa. Comparison of the Immunobead Binding Technique (IBT) and the Mixed Antiglobulin Reaction (MAR)

ABSTRACT: Investigators testing for antisperm antibodies have recently focused on tests that detect the Ig classes of the sperm-bound antibodies. The aim of this study was to compare the sensitivity of two of these tests, viz. the immunobead binding technique (IBT) and the mixed antiglobulin reaction (MAR). Twenty-one male or female sera were tested for IgG and IgA antisperm antibodies with the IBT and the MAR. The sera were selected on the basis of the IBT results, and the MAR was carried out without knowledge of these results. For IgG antisperm antibodies, there was a highly significant correlation between the two tests (P = 0.0043), whereas, for IgA antisperm antibodies, the correlation was poor (P = 0.2951), because the IBT revealed a positive reaction for IgA in sera in which no such antibodies could be detected by the MAR.     

不孕不育患者的抗精子抗体分析

目的分析抗精子抗体(AsAb)与不孕不育的关系。方法采用ELISA方法检测1086例不孕不育症患者血清中的抗精子抗体(总抗)。结果1086例患者血清中,AsAb阳性313例,占28.82%,其中男性阳性率为24.16%(115/476),女性阳性率为32.46%(198/610),男女之间差异极显著(P<0.01)。结论进行抗精子抗体检测对不孕症的诊断和治疗具有重要意义。