胃癌及癌前病变中P57~(KIP2)和PCNA的表达

探讨P57KIP2和PCNA在胃癌及癌前病变中的表达及意义。方法采用免疫组织化学技术SP法,检测P57KIP2和PCNA在57例胃癌(GC)、7例不典型性增生(Dys)、16例肠上皮化生(IM)、15例慢性萎缩性胃炎(CAG)及10例慢性浅表性胃炎(CSG)中的表达情况,并分析与胃癌临床病理之间的关系。结果P57KIP2在GC、Dys、IM、CAG、CSG中阳性表达率分别为43.9%、57.1%、81.3%、80.0%、80.0%,GC和Dys组的P57KIP2阳性表达率明显低于IM、CAG、CSG组(P均0.05);PCNA在GC、Dys、IM、CAG、CSG组阳性表达率分别为80.7%、85.7%、75.0%、46.7%、30.0%,GC、Dys、IM组PCNA表达率明显高于CAG、CSG组(P0.05);P57KIP2和PCNA均与胃癌组织分化程度相关(P0.05),而与淋巴结转移、浸润、临床分期无显著相关性(P0.05)。结论在胃黏膜癌变过程中,P57KIP2蛋白的失活不是一个早期基因事件,随着病变进展PCNA表达逐渐增加,P57KIP2蛋白表达下降和PCNA的表达增高可能在胃癌的发生发展中起重要作用,两者共同检测有助于胃癌恶性程度的判定。     

胃癌前组织和胃癌中hTERT、Bcl-2蛋白的表达及其相互关系

目的 探讨胃癌前组织及胃癌中人端粒酶催化亚单位(human telomerase catalytic subunit,hTERT)的表达状况及其与Bcl-2蛋白表达的关系。方法 应用免疫组织化学技术检测45例慢性胃炎和19例胃癌中hTERT和Bcl-2蛋白的表达。结果 hTERT蛋白表达率在萎缩性胃炎、肠化生、异形增生和胃癌等不同胃黏膜癌变过程中呈递增趋势;hTERT蛋白的表达率在胃癌组织中显著高于异形增生、肠化生和萎缩性胃炎组织(P<0.05);在异形增生组织中显著高于肠化生和萎缩性胃炎组织(P<0.05);在肠化生组织中显著高于萎缩性胃炎组织(P<0.05)。Bcl-2蛋白表达率在萎缩性胃炎、肠化生、异形增生和胃癌等不同胃黏膜癌变过程中呈递增趋势;Bcl-2蛋白的表达率在胃癌组织中显著高于异形增生、肠化生和萎缩性胃炎组织(P<0.05);在异形增生组织中显著高于萎缩性胃炎组织(P<0.05),亦高于肠化生,但是相差无显著性;在肠化生组织中显著高于萎缩性胃炎组织(P<0.05)。Bel-2蛋白阳性患者hTERT蛋白表达率为71.43％,Bcl-2蛋白阴性患者hTERT蛋白表达率34.44％,hTERT蛋白表达率在Bcl-2蛋白阳性患者中显著高于Bcl-2蛋白阴性患者(P<0.01)。结论 在胃癌和胃癌前病变阶段,端粒酶(telomerase)与Bcl-2均可能发挥重要作用,促进了胃癌的发生、发展;Bcl-2表达增加可能是胃     

老年胃癌及癌前病变中p16及cyclinD1蛋白的表达

目的　探讨老年胃癌及癌前病变中p16、cyclinD1蛋白的表达、相互关系及其意义。　 方法 　应用免疫组化链霉卵白素 (SP)法检测老年胃癌、不典型增生、萎缩性胃炎、浅表性胃炎及正常胃组织中p16、cyclinD1蛋白的表达。　结果　p16蛋白在正常胃粘膜表达率最高 (85 7% ) ,并随病变进展 (浅表性胃炎 -萎缩性胃炎 -不典型增生 -腺癌 ) ,表达率呈下降趋势 (分别为 84 4% ,76 9% ,2 9 0 % ,3 4 3 % ) ,其中不典型增生 ,腺癌组与正常组比较有显著差异 (P <0 0 5 ) ,cy clinD1蛋白随病变发展 (萎缩性胃炎、不典型增生、腺癌 )表达率升高 (分别为 19 2 % ,3 8 7% ,5 5 7% ) ,其中腺癌与萎缩性胃炎比较差异显著 (P <0 0 5 )。相关性分析显示大多数受检老年胃癌组织中 ,p16与cyclinD1呈反向表达。　 结论　p16和cyclinD1在胃上皮癌变过程中起着重要作用 ,其在胃癌中的反向表达趋势提示两者可能存在相互抑制机制。p16蛋白低表达和cyclinD1蛋白高表达可能是胃癌发生过程中的早期分子事件。     

Expression and significance of Musashi-1 in gastric cancer and precancerous lesions

AIM:To investigate expression of stem cell marker Musashi-1(Msi-1)in relationship to tumorigenesis and progression of intestinal-type gastric cancer(GC).METHODS:Endoscopic biopsy specimens and surgical specimens were obtained,including 54 cases of intestinal-type GC,41 high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia,57low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia,31 intestinal metaplasia,and 36 normal gastric mucosa.Specimens were fixed in 10%paraformaldehyde,conventionally dehydrated,embedded in paraffin,and sliced in 4-μm-thick serial sections.Two-step immunohistochemical staining was used to detect Msi-1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA)expression.Correlation analysis was conducted between Msi-1 and PCNA expression.The relationship between Msi-1 expression and clinicopathological parameters of GC was analyzed statistically.RESULTS:There were significant differences in Msi-1and PCNA expression in different pathological tissues(χ2=15.37,P<0.01;χ2=115.36,P<0.01).Msi-1and PCNA-positive cells were restricted to the isthmus of normal gastric glands.Expression levels of Msi-1and PCNA in intestinal metaplasia were significantly higher than in normal mucosa(U=392.0,P<0.05;U=40.50,P<0.01),whereas there was no significant difference compared to low or high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia.Msi-1 and PCNA expression in intestinaltype GC was higher than in high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(U=798.0,P<0.05;U=688.0,P<0.01).There was a significantly positive correlation between Msi-1 and PCNA expression(rs=0.20,P<0.01).Msi-1expression in GC tissues was correlated with their lymph node metastasis and tumor node metastasis stage(χ2=12.62,P<0.01;χ2=11.24,P<0.05),but not with depth of invasion and the presence of distant metastasis.CONCLUSION:Msi-1-positive cells may play a key role in the early events of gastric carcinogenesis and may be involved in invasion and metastasis of GC.     

MUC2在胃癌及癌前病变中的表达及其意义

目的探讨粘蛋白MUC2在胃癌，癌前病变中的表达及其与胃癌临床病理特征的关系。方法采用免疫组织化学SP法检测10例正常胃粘膜，20例胃炎肠化生组织及49例胃癌组织中MUC2的表达。结果MUC2在正常胃粘膜中没有表达，MUC2在胃炎肠化生粘膜中的表达率为85%，在胃癌中的表达率为73.5%，肠化生粘膜和胃癌组织的阳性率明显高于正常胃粘膜，差异有非常显著性意义（P〈0.001）。MUC2与胃癌的病理组织分型密切相关，高中分化腺癌，低分化腺癌，粘液腺癌的阳性率分别为81.0%，52.6%、100%。差异有显著性（P〈0.05），粘膜腺癌的强阳性表达率为77.8%，与另外两种组织学分型之间有非常显著性差异（P〈0.001）。结论MUC2是胃癌发生发展中的重要因子。MUC2在不同的组织学类型的胃癌中表达不同，粘液腺癌中表达最强。     

Significance and relationship between Yes-associated protein and survivin expression in gastric carcinoma and precancerous lesions

AIM： To analyze the differences and relevance of Yesassociated protein （YAP） and survivin, and to explore the correlation and significance of their expression in gastric carcinoma and precancerous lesions.
METHODS： The PV9000 immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of YAP and survivin in 98 cases of normal gastric mucosa, 58 intestinal metaplasia （IM）, 32 dysplasia and 98 gastric carcinoma.
RESULTS： The positive rates of YAP in dysplasia （37.5%） and gastric carcinoma （48.0%） were significantly higher than that in normal gastric mucosa （13.3%）, P 〈 0.01. The positive rates of survivin in IM （53.4%）, dysplasia （59.4%） and gastric carcinoma （65.3%） were significantly higher than in normal gastric mucosa （11.2%）, P 〈 0.01. Survivin expression gradually increased from 41.7% in well differentiated adenocarcinoma through 58.3% in moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma to 75.6% in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, with significant Rank correlation, rk = 0.279, P 〈 0.01. The positive rate of survivin in gastric carcinoma of diffused type （74.6%） was significantly higher than that in intestinal type （51.3%）, P 〈 0.05. In gastric carcinoma with lymph node metastasis （76.9%）, the positive rate of survivin was significantly higher than that in the group without lymph node metastasis （41.2%）, P 〈 0.01. In 98 cases of gastric carcinoma, the expression of YAP and of survivin were positively correlated, rk = 0.246, P 〈 0.01.
CONCLUSION： YAP may play an important role as a carcinogenic factor and may induce survivin expression. Detecting both markers together may help in early diagnosis of gastric carcinoma.     

Expression of Bmi-1 and PAI-1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

AIM:To determine the correlation between invasiveness,migration and prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)and expression of the B-cellspecific Moloney leukemia virus insert site 1(Bmi-1)and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1).METHODS:Eighty previously untreated patients who underwent surgical excision of ESCC were included.The expression of Bmi-1 and PAI-1 was examined immunohistochemically in formalin-fixed paraffinembedded primary tissue specimens.The relationships between the expression of Bmi-1 and PAI-1,the clinicopathologic features of ESCC,and the survival rate of ESCC patients were also discussed.The correlation between Bmi-1 and PAI-1 protein expression in ESCC was analyzed.The relationship between Bmi-1 and PAI-1expression and ESCC prognosis was evaluated using a Cox regression model and Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis.RESULTS:The rates of positive Bmi-1 and PAI-1 expression in ESCC were higher than those in normal esophageal tissue(P<0.05).The expression of Bmi-1and PAI-1 was correlated with depth of invasion and lymph node metastasis(P<0.05),but not with patient age,tumor size or nationality(P>0.05).The expression of Bmi-1 was positively correlated with that of PAI-1(P<0.05).The 10-year overall survival rate for all patients was 20%(16∕80).Univariate KaplanMeier survival analysis showed that patients with high expression of esophageal PAI-1 and Bmi-1 had lower survival,however,the difference was not statistically significant.Cox multivariate analysis showed that PAI-1and Bmi-1 were not independent factors for survival rate,while the depth of tumor invasion and metastasis were independent factors affecting patient survival.CONCLUSION:The expression of Bmi-1 and PAI-1plays a role in ESCC progression,and may be used as a prognostic marker in ESCC.     

Overexpression of DNA methyltransferase 1 and its biological significance in primary hepatocellular carcinoma

AIM： To explore the relationship between DNA methyltransferase 1 （DNMT1） and hepatitis B virus （HBV）-related hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） and its biological significance in primary HCC. METHODS： We carried out an immunohistochemical examination of DNMT1 in both HCC and paired nonneoplastic liver tissues from Chinese subjects. DNMT1 mRNA was further examined in HCC cell lines by real-time PCR. We inhibited DNMT1 using siRNA and detected the effect of depletion of DNMT1 on cell proliferation ability and cell apoptosis in the HCC celt line SMMC-7721. RESULTS： DNMT1 protein expression was increased in HCCs compared to histologically normal nonneoplastic liver tissues and the incidence of DNMT1 immunoreactivity in HCCs correlated significantly with poor tumor differentiation （P = 0.014）. There were more cases with DNMT1 overexpression in HCC with HBV （42.85%） than in HCC without HBV （28.57%）. However, no significant difference in DNMT1 expression was found in HBV-positive and HBV-negative cases in the Chinese HCC group. There was a trend that DNMT1 RNA expression increased more in HCC cell lines than in pericarcinoma cell lines and normal liver cell lines. In addition, we inhibited DNMT1 using siRNA in the SMMC-7721 HCC cell line and found depletion of DNMT1 suppressed cells growth independent of expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA）, even in HCC cell lines where DNMT1 was stably decreased. CONCLUSION： The findings implied that DNMT1 plays a key role in HBV-retated hepatocellular tumorigenesis. Depletion of DNMT1 mediates growth suppression in SMMC-7721 cells.     

siRNA沉默Bmi-1表达对胰腺癌PANC-1细胞增殖的抑制作用

目的:探讨运用RNAi技术沉默Bmi-1基因对人胰腺癌细胞恶性行为的影响,为胰腺癌基因治疗提供新的靶点和思路.方法:构建反义Bmi-1真核表达载体转染人胰腺癌PANC-1细胞,运用荧光显微镜下观察、MTT、Western blot、流式细胞术检测转染效果及细胞周期、凋亡变化.结果:成功构建反义Bmi-1真核表达载体并且...     

15-脂氧合酶-1在胃癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的检测15-脂氧合酶-1（15-LOX-1）mRNA及蛋白在胃癌及癌旁正常组织中的表达，并探讨15-LOX-1表达与胃癌临床病理因素的关系。方法采用RT-PCR、westernblot和免疫组织化学方法检测胃癌组织及相匹配的癌旁正常组织中15-LOX-1 mRNA和蛋白的表达。结果15-LOX-1 mRNA及蛋白在胃癌组织中的表达均显著低于癌旁正常组织（P＜0．05）。15-LOX-1蛋白表达水平与胃癌中肿瘤大小、淋巴结转移和TNM分期呈明显的负相关（P＜0．05）。结论15-LOX-1蛋白可能对胃癌的发生发展有一定抑制作用。检测胃癌中15-LOX-1的表达情况对评估患者的预后可能具有意义。     

Potential therapeutic significance of increased expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in human gastric cancer

AIM： To determine the functional significance of aryl hydrocarbon receptor （AhR） in gastric carcinogenesis, and to explore the possible role of AhR in gastric cancer （GC） treatment. METHODS： RT-PCR, real-time PCR, and Western blotting were performed to detect AhR expression in 39 GC tissues and five GC cell lines. AhR protein was detected by immunohistochemistry （IHC） in 290 samples： 30 chronic superficial gastritis （CSG）, 30 chronic atrophic gastritis （CAG）, 30 intestinal metapiasia （IN）, 30 atypical hyperplasia （AH）, and 70 GC. The AhR agonist tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin （TCDD） was used to treat AGS cells. MTr assay and flow cytometric analysis were performed to measure the viability, cell cycle and apoptosis of AGS cells.RESULTS： AhR expression was significantly increased in GC tissues and GC cell lines. IHC results indicated that the levels of AhR expression gradually increased, with the lowest levels in CSG, followed by CAG, IM, AH and GC. AhR expression and nuclear translocation were significantly higher in GC than in precancerous tissues. TCDD inhibited proliferation of AGS cells via induction of growth arrest at the G1-S phase. CONCLUSION： AhR plays an important role in gastric carcinogenesis. AhR may be a potential therapeutic target for GC treatment.     

Significance and relationship between Cripto-1 and p-STAT3 expression in gastric cancer and precancerous lesions

AIM:To explore the relationship between Cripto-1 (CR-1) and tyrosine phosphorylation STAT3 (p-STAT3) expressions in gastric cancer (GC) and gastric carcinogensis and metastasis.METHODS: The PV9000 immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of CR-1 and p-STAT3 in 178 cases of GC, 95 matched normal gastric mucosa, 40 chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), 48 intestinal meta-plasia (IM) and 25 dysplasia (DYS). RESULTS: The positive rates of CR-1 and p-STAT3 expression were significantly higher in ...     

胃癌组织KAI 1和nm23-H1蛋白的表达意义

目的:观察胃癌组织中KAI 1和nm23-H1蛋白的表达与临床病理生物学的关系,探讨KAI 1蛋白在胃癌发生、发展中的作用．方法:应用兔抗人KAI 1多克隆抗体和鼠抗人nm23-H1 单克隆抗体对87例手术切除胃癌标本以PV-9000免疫组化二步法进行染色,用x2检验进行统计学分析．结果:伴有淋巴结转移的胃癌组织中KAI 1蛋白表达阳性率(60％,39／65)明显低于无淋巴结转移的胃癌组织(95％,21／22,P<0．05),早中期胃癌组织中KAI 1蛋白表达阳性率(94％,16／17)显著高于晚期胃癌组织(63％, 44／70,P<0．05),KAI 1蛋白高表达者其生存期亦较长 (P<0．05);伴有淋巴结转移的胃癌组织中nm23-H1蛋白表达阳性率明显低于无淋巴结转移的胃癌组织(18％ vs 77％,P<0．05),早中期胃癌组织nm23-H1蛋白表达阳性率明显高于晚期胃癌组织(65％vs26％,P<0．05)．结论:KAI 1和nm23-H1蛋白均与胃癌侵袭转移有关, 且KAI 1表达与胃癌患者预后密切相关,将两种指标联合检测,可作为正确判断胃癌患者预后,指导临床治疗的分子生物学指标．     

巨噬细胞抑制因子-1及尿激酶型纤容酶原激活剂在胃癌组织中的表达及临床病理意义

目的:探讨巨噬细胞抑制因子-1(macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1,MIC-1)及尿激酶型纤容酶原激活剂(urokinase plasminogen activator,uPA)在胃癌组织中的蛋白表达及其临床意义.方法:收集郑州大学第一附属医院2009-01/2010-05胃癌存档蜡块55...     

胃癌组织中EphA2基因的表达及其与细胞凋亡、增殖的关系

目的 探讨EphA2基因在胃癌组织中表达的生物学意义及与细胞凋亡、增殖的关系.方法 利用免疫组织化学法(immunohisochemistory,IHC)检测82例胃癌手术切除标本的癌组织、癌旁组织及正常胃黏膜中EphA2的表达,采用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)及Western印迹技术对其中随机选取的30例标本进行EphA2 mRNA及其蛋白的定量检测,分析其表达与临床病理参数的关系.采用流式细胞术(FCM)检测82例癌组织中细胞凋亡率及增殖指数(PI),分析EphA2表达与细胞凋亡、增殖的关系.结果 IHC结果显示EphA2在癌组织中的表达显著高于癌旁组织及正常胃黏膜(P<0.01),且随胃癌分化程度降低、浸润深度增加及淋巴结转移而升高(P<0.05),但与肿瘤大小、患者年龄无关(P>0.05);RT-PCR结果显示EphA2 mRNA在各组中的表达水平无显著性差异(P>0.05);Western印迹与IHC结果一致,显示EphA2蛋白在癌组织中异常高表达(P<0.01).FCM结果显示EphA2高表达组细胞凋亡率显著低于低表达组(P=0.018),而其PI显著高于低表达组(P=0.002).结论 EphA2在胃癌组织中表达明显上调,可抑制细胞凋亡,促进细胞增殖,在胃癌的发生发展中发挥重要作用,其机制与EphA2 mRNA的转录异常无关,而可能是其翻译水平上调或蛋白质稳定性增高所致.     

E-cadherin and beta-catenin expression in Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma and their prognostic significance

AIM： To examine the role of E-cadherin and betacatenin in carcinogenesis and to assess their prognostic implication in Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinomas （EBV-GCs）. METHODS： We compared the frequency of E-cadherin and beta-catenin expression in 59 EBV-GCs and 120 non-EBV-GCs, and examined the association between patients＇ prognosis and the expressions of these proteins.
RESULTS： Neither the cellular-membranous nor the cytoplasmic E-cadherin expression showed any difference between EBV-GCs and non-EBV-GCs. On the other hand, loss of membranous expression of beta- catenin occurred more frequently in non-EBV-GCs than EBV-GCs [odds ratio = 0.41; 950 confidence interval （CI）, 0.19-0.90]. Furthermore, the nuclear and/or cytoplosmic expression of beta-catenin was seen more frequently in EBV-GCs than non-EBV-GCs （odds ratio = 2.23; 95% CI, 0.97-5.09）, and was observed in a larger proportion of carcinoma cells of EBV-GCs than non-EBV-GCs （P = 0.024）. Survival analysis for non-EBV-GC revealed that lymph node metastasis was significantly associated with poor prognosis （P 〈 0.001）. Among EBV- GCs, the depth of invasion （P = 0.005）, lymph node metastasis （P = 0.004） and an intestinal type by Lauren classification （hazard ratio = 9.47; 95% CI, 2.67-33.6） were significantly associated with poor prognosis. On the other hand, nuclear and/or cytoplasmic expression of beta-catenin was associated with a better prognosis in patients with EBV-GC （hazard ratio = 0.32; 95% CI, 0.11-0.93）. CONCLUSION： We observed more frequent preservation of beta-catenin in cell membrane and accumulation in nuclei and/or cytoplasm in EBV-GCs than in non-EBV- GCs. Factors involved in the prognosis of EBV-GCs and non-EBV-GCs are different in the two conditions.     

PTTG基因及Ki67抗原在胃癌组织中的表达及意义

目的　探讨PTTG基因和Ki6 7在胃癌发生、发展中的作用及二者的相关性。方法　采用免疫组织化学SP法检测了4 0例胃癌患者胃组织中PTTG基因和Ki6 7的表达情况。结果　PTTG基因和Ki6 7在胃癌组织中的阳性表达率分别为72 .5 %和95 % ,均与胃癌的病理组织学分级、临床分期及淋巴结转移有关(P<0 .0 5 ) ,而与组织学类型无关(P>0 .0 5 )。PTTG基因和Ki6 7表达强度呈显著正相关(P<0 .0 5 )。结论　PTTG基因和Ki6 7在胃癌的发生、发展中有协同作用,可作为反映胃癌生物学行为的指标。